CN113932655A - Boron carbide ceramic armor structure and design method thereof - Google Patents
Boron carbide ceramic armor structure and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113932655A CN113932655A CN202111372445.9A CN202111372445A CN113932655A CN 113932655 A CN113932655 A CN 113932655A CN 202111372445 A CN202111372445 A CN 202111372445A CN 113932655 A CN113932655 A CN 113932655A
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- ceramic
- boron carbide
- back plate
- thickness
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- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 118
- 229910052580 B4C Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N boron carbide Chemical compound B12B3B4C32B41 INAHAJYZKVIDIZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007731 hot pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000008188 pellet Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035515 penetration Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 19
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002313 adhesive film Substances 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012821 model calculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
- F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
- F41H5/02—Plate construction
- F41H5/04—Plate construction composed of more than one layer
- F41H5/0414—Layered armour containing ceramic material
- F41H5/0421—Ceramic layers in combination with metal layers
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Aiming, Guidance, Guns With A Light Source, Armor, Camouflage, And Targets (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a boron carbide ceramic armor structure and a design method thereof, wherein the boron carbide ceramic armor structure comprises a ceramic panel and a metal back plate, wherein the ceramic panel consists of a plurality of ceramic blocks; covering and coating the ceramic blocks by an upper fiber bag and a lower fiber bag respectively and then splicing; the ceramic blocks are bonded through the coating layers, and the metal back plate is bonded with the ceramic panel. The fiber covering structure designed by the invention is used for covering ceramic to replace resin for connecting ceramic blocks, so that the strength and the anti-elasticity performance of the integral composite structure are improved. Can be used for resisting armor piercing bullets with different calibers and has higher protection efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of armor protection, and particularly relates to a boron carbide ceramic armor structure and a design method thereof.
Background
Modern war requires that troops have quick maneuvering capability, and becomes one of the core indexes for weapon equipment development. The protective performance of the war field assault weapons such as individual soldiers, armored vehicles, armed helicopters and the like ensures the basic and key performance of the survivability of the war field assault weapons. Increasing armor protection by increasing thickness can severely reduce weaponry maneuverability. The use of new materials solves some of these conflicting problems, for example boron carbide ballistic resistant ceramics have gained increasing research and application. The traditional ceramic armor adopts alumina bullet-resistant ceramic, the structural design and the forming process of the armor are mature, but the direct application to the boron carbide ceramic armor has a plurality of problems.
The structural design of the traditional ceramic armor is based on a large number of target practice tests, and in the forming method, the ceramic blocks can be directly bonded with thermosetting resin in a hot-pressing and curing manner to form a composite target plate, but the application of the boron carbide ceramic has a problem. Firstly, the boron carbide ceramic is expensive, the traditional test method is long in period and high in cost; secondly, the boron carbide surface has poor adhesion with resin adhesive due to the existence of free carbon, so that the structural strength of the directly bonded and formed target plate is low, and the anti-elasticity performance is poor, so that the composite forming process needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a boron carbide ceramic armor structure and a design method thereof, which can be used for resisting armor piercing bullets with different calibers (mainly medium and small calibers) and can be used for composite molding of a ceramic (mainly aiming at boron carbide) composite armor with poor bonding performance.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a boron carbide ceramic armor structure, which is characterized in that: the ceramic panel is composed of a plurality of ceramic blocks; covering and coating the ceramic blocks by an upper fiber bag and a lower fiber bag respectively and then splicing; the ceramic blocks are bonded through the coating layers, and the metal back plate is bonded with the ceramic panel.
A design method of a boron carbide ceramic armor structure is characterized by comprising the following steps: the boron carbide ceramic armor comprises a ceramic panel and a metal back plate, wherein the ceramic panel consists of a plurality of ceramic blocks; the specific design steps are as follows:
firstly, obtaining a matching curve of the ceramic panel and the metal back plate under different thicknesses according to the elasticity and the material properties of the ceramic panel and the metal back plate and a theoretical model;
secondly, carrying out projectile body dynamic impact simulation calculation on different matching structures obtained by theoretical calculation, comparing the bullet resistance of the armor under the matching of the thicknesses of a plurality of ceramic panels and the thickness of a metal backboard, and determining the optimal ceramic panel thickness parameter according to the backboard deformation value;
and thirdly, determining the shape parameters of the ceramic block according to the calculated ceramic thickness and a theoretical model.
Has the advantages that: the fiber covering structure designed by the invention is used for covering ceramic to replace resin for connecting ceramic blocks, so that the strength and the anti-elasticity performance of the integral composite structure are improved. The structural design method can be used for armor structural design for resisting armor piercing bullets (mainly with medium and small calibers) with different calibers, the forming process can be used for composite forming of ceramic (mainly aiming at boron carbide) composite armor with poor bonding performance, and the bulletproof component formed by the process has higher protection efficiency.
The method can be used for designing medium and small caliber armor-piercing combustion projectile bulletproof composite structures of 7.62mm, 12.7mm, 14.5mm and the like, and after the 54-type 12.7mm armor-piercing combustion projectile boron carbide composite structure scheme designed by the design method is formed by the composite forming method, the composite armor has excellent bulletproof performance through a live projectile test.
Drawings
FIG. 1 calculation model of ceramic thickness
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the thickness matching between the ceramic front plate and the back plate
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a fiber-coated ceramic block
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of ceramic composite splicing.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, contents and advantages of the present invention clearer, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided.
The invention provides a design method of a boron carbide ceramic armor structure, wherein the boron carbide ceramic armor comprises a ceramic panel 1 and a metal back plate 2, the ceramic panel is a bullet-facing surface, the ceramic panel is covered and coated by an upper fiber bag and a lower fiber bag to form an upper fiber crack stop layer and a lower fiber crack stop layer, a ceramic block is made of boron carbide ceramic, the metal back plate is positioned below the ceramic panel and is connected with the ceramic panel through a bonding adhesive film, and the specific design method comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the power of the projectile body and the performance of the ceramic and back plate materials, a matching curve of the ceramic panel and the metal back plate under different thicknesses can be obtained through theoretical model calculation, a calculation model diagram is shown in figure 1, and calculation formulas are shown in formulas (1) and (2).
a＝R+2hc (2)
Wherein v isblIs the projectile limiting penetration rate, in known quantities, in units of: m/s;
ετthe breaking strain of the back plate is measured by a tensile test and is a known quantity;
σεthe tensile strength of the back sheet is measured by tests and has the unit of Mpa;
mpis the pellet mass, obtained by measurement, in Kg
R is the radius of the projectile, obtained by measurement, and is in m;
hcis the thickness of the ceramic panel, and the unit is m;
hmis the thickness of the metal back plate, and the unit is m;
γcis the density of the ceramic, obtained by querying,unit is kg/m3；
γmIs the density of the metal back plate, obtained by inquiry and has the unit of kg/m3；
Beta is the fracture energy of the ceramic, and is obtained by inquiring the fracture energy of the corresponding ceramic material, and the unit is N/m;
pi is the circumference ratio;
a can be obtained by calculation according to the formula (2). Substituting the formula (1) to obtain the thickness h of the ceramic panelcThickness h of metal back platemThe ratio of (a) to (b).
The calculation model exemplifies a 54-type 12.7mm armor piercing resistant combustion bomb (bomb velocity v)bl666m/s) different ceramic panel thicknesses the 6211 armor steel backing plate thickness curve is shown in fig. 2, the ceramic panel thickness is from between 9mm-20mm, the backing plate thickness can be derived from the curve upper face/backing plate thickness ratio.
Secondly, carrying out projectile body dynamic impact simulation calculation on different matching structures obtained by theoretical calculation, wherein in the example, 11 numerical values of 9-20mm of ceramic thickness are taken as integers, calculating and comparing the 11 ceramic panel thicknesses with the bullet resistance of the armor under the condition of back plate thickness matching, and determining the optimal ceramic panel thickness parameter according to the back plate deformation value;
and thirdly, taking the value a of the calculated ceramic thickness as the shape parameter of the spliced ceramic block according to a theoretical model, wherein the length of the opposite side of the hexagonal ceramic block is designed as the value a.
The forming method of the boron carbide ceramic armor comprises the following steps:
s1, covering and wrapping the hexagonal ceramic blocks with an upper fiber bag and a lower fiber bag respectively as shown in figure 3, forming by adopting a hot pressing process, and then splicing; the ceramic blocks are bonded through the coating layers, and the traditional bonding of the ceramic blocks by resin is replaced;
s2, the thickness of the fiber coating layer is strictly controlled, a ceramic splicing weak area is easily formed when the thickness is too large, and the anti-elasticity performance of the ceramic composite board is weakened.
After the ceramic block is formed by adopting a hot pressing process, the ceramic block is of a fiber three-dimensional coating structure, and the coating fibers between the blocks are used as connecting materials, so that the overall composite strength of the assembly can be effectively enhanced, and the impact resistance of the shot 3 is improved.
The armor structure design method adopted by the invention can design and determine the thickness of the back plate of the ceramic armor panel and the side length of the ceramic.
The fiber covering structure designed by the invention is used for covering ceramic to replace resin for connecting ceramic blocks, so that the strength and the anti-elasticity performance of the integral composite structure are improved.
The design method of the ceramic armor structure provided by the invention can be used for designing medium and small-caliber armor-piercing combustion bomb bulletproof composite structures of 7.62mm, 12.7mm, 14.5mm and the like, and the boron carbide composite structure scheme for preventing 54-type 12.7mm armor-piercing combustion bombs designed by the design method is formed by the composite forming method and has excellent bulletproof performance through live bomb tests.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications and variations can be made without departing from the technical principle of the present invention, and these modifications and variations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A boron carbide ceramic armor structure characterized by: the ceramic panel is composed of a plurality of ceramic blocks; covering and coating the ceramic blocks by an upper fiber bag and a lower fiber bag respectively and then splicing; the ceramic blocks are bonded through the coating layers, and the metal back plate is bonded with the ceramic panel.
2. The boron carbide ceramic armor structure of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the fiber pack coverage is tightly controlled.
3. The boron carbide ceramic armor structure of claim 1, wherein: the gap between the ceramic blocks was determined to be 0.4mm, and the thickness thereof was 0.2mm for each ceramic fiber pack covering.
4. The boron carbide ceramic armor structure of claim 1, wherein: the boron carbide ceramic armor structure is formed by a hot pressing process.
5. The boron carbide ceramic armor structure of claim 1, wherein: the ceramic panel is a bullet-facing surface, and the metal back plate is positioned below the ceramic panel.
6. The boron carbide ceramic armor structure of claim 1, wherein: the ceramic blocks are in a hexagonal structure.
7. A method of designing a boron carbide ceramic armor structure according to any of claims 1-6, wherein: the boron carbide ceramic armor comprises a ceramic panel and a metal back plate, wherein the ceramic panel consists of a plurality of ceramic blocks; the specific design steps are as follows:
firstly, obtaining a matching curve of the ceramic panel and the metal back plate under different thicknesses according to the elasticity and the material properties of the ceramic panel and the metal back plate and a theoretical model;
secondly, carrying out projectile body dynamic impact simulation calculation on different matching structures obtained by theoretical calculation, comparing the bullet resistance of the armor under the matching of the thicknesses of a plurality of ceramic panels and the thickness of a metal backboard, and determining the optimal ceramic panel thickness parameter according to the backboard deformation value;
and thirdly, determining the shape parameters of the ceramic block according to the calculated ceramic thickness and a theoretical model.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the boron carbide ceramic armor structure is selected from the group consisting of: in the first step, the model is calculated as follows:
a＝R+2hc (2)
wherein v isblIs the projectile limiting penetration rate, in known quantities, in units of: m/s;
ετthe breaking strain of the back plate is measured by a tensile test and is a known quantity;
σεthe tensile strength of the back sheet is measured by tests and has the unit of Mpa;
mpis the pellet mass, obtained by measurement, in Kg
R is the radius of the projectile, obtained by measurement, and is in m;
hcis the thickness of the ceramic panel, and the unit is m;
hmis the thickness of the metal back plate, and the unit is m;
γcis the density of the ceramic, obtained by inquiry and has the unit of kg/m3；
γmIs the density of the metal back plate, obtained by inquiry and has the unit of kg/m3；
Beta is the fracture energy of the ceramic, and is obtained by inquiring the fracture energy of the corresponding ceramic material, and the unit is N/m;
pi is the circumference ratio;
a is obtained by calculation according to a formula (2), and then substituted into a formula (1) to obtain the thickness h of the ceramic panelcThickness h of metal back platemThe ratio of (a) to (b).
9. The method of claim 8, wherein the boron carbide ceramic armor structure is selected from the group consisting of: the length of the opposite sides of the hexagonal ceramic block is designed as a value.
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| CN202111372445.9A CN113932655A (en) | 2021-11-18 | 2021-11-18 | Boron carbide ceramic armor structure and design method thereof |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115752098A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-07 | 北京理工大学 | Bullet-resistant and explosion-resistant integrated protection structure for ships and warships and design method thereof |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1318351A (en) * | 1968-05-06 | 1973-05-31 | Norton Co | Composite armour |
| CN105333772A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-17 | 山东大学 | Composite structure bullet and riot shielding board and preparing method thereof |
| CN210180282U (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-03-24 | 浙江立泰复合材料股份有限公司 | Strong-constraint boron carbide ceramic composite armor |
| CN110953933A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-03 | 中航装甲科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional constraint ceramic composite bulletproof panel |
| CN111238309A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-05 | 苏州第一元素纳米技术有限公司 | Bulletproof composite armor and preparation method thereof |
-
2021
- 2021-11-18 CN CN202111372445.9A patent/CN113932655A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB1318351A (en) * | 1968-05-06 | 1973-05-31 | Norton Co | Composite armour |
| CN105333772A (en) * | 2015-11-16 | 2016-02-17 | 山东大学 | Composite structure bullet and riot shielding board and preparing method thereof |
| CN210180282U (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2020-03-24 | 浙江立泰复合材料股份有限公司 | Strong-constraint boron carbide ceramic composite armor |
| CN110953933A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-04-03 | 中航装甲科技有限公司 | Three-dimensional constraint ceramic composite bulletproof panel |
| CN111238309A (en) * | 2020-01-21 | 2020-06-05 | 苏州第一元素纳米技术有限公司 | Bulletproof composite armor and preparation method thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
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| 俞蕙等: "《古陶瓷修复基础》", 复旦大学出版社, pages: 62 - 63 * |
| 杨伟苓等: "基于最小面密度准则的双层复合结构的优化设计", 《兵器材料科学与工程》, vol. 36, no. 02, 19 March 2013 (2013-03-19), pages 106 - 109 * |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115752098A (en) * | 2022-12-08 | 2023-03-07 | 北京理工大学 | Bullet-resistant and explosion-resistant integrated protection structure for ships and warships and design method thereof |
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Application publication date: 20220114 |