CN103723585A - Elevator with lift car air pressure control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an elevator with a lift car air pressure control device. The air pressure control device changes air pressure in a car lift when an elevator rises, thereby allowing passengers to realize air pressure change before the air pressure in the lift car changes greatly and providing time for the passengers to swallow. The elevator possesses a lift car air pressure control device which controls the air pressure in the lift car in dependence on a staged air pressure changing mode of the rising of the elevator lift through the inhalation and exhaust of an air blower in the lift car. The elevator is provided with the air blower, an air volume switching device, an air volume adjusting device and a control device. The air volume switching device is used for performing staged switching on the air volume going in and out of the car lift; the air volume adjusting device is used for continuously changing the air volume air volume going in and out of the car lift; the control device controls the air blower, the air volume switching device, and the air volume adjusting device in dependence on elevator operation information.

Description

There is the elevator of lift car internal gas pressure control setup

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of elevator with the device of controlling the air pressure in lift car.

Background technology

While taking elevator in high building, along with the lifting of lift car, the air pressure in lift car changes, and produces sometimes the sensation of earplug.This earplug feel to be called as " earplug sense ", this earplug sense disappears when syrinx opens naturally or while swallowing (swallowing saliva).Especially declining when operation, due to pressure rises, the structure of ear, syrinx can not open naturally, so be preferably in, feel before pain and swallows consciously saliva, and syrinx is opened, and with this, prevents earplug sense.

As prior art, a kind of technology is for example disclosed in patent documentation 1, it can occur before significantly variation by the air pressure in lift car, make passenger can recognize pressure variation, and in order to allow passenger carry out if having time swallowing act, according to interim pressure variation pattern, control the air pressure in lift car.This pressure variation pattern is made between the pressor areas of the pressure rises in lift car by pressure variation rate according to the rules and air pressure rangeability and air pressure does not change rest is region repeated alternately to be formed.In addition, pressor areas chien shih passenger, recognize clear and definite pressure variation, and between rest area, guarantee to carry out the required sufficient time of swallowing act.

In addition, disclose a kind of method in patent documentation 2, it periodically changes the air pressure in lift car when lift car lifting, brings out effectively the swallowing act of the passenger in lift car, and earplug sense is disappeared, and improves thus human discomfort.According to patent documentation 2, utilize the inside and outside draught head of lift car, only need to open and close valve just can be by the Bas Discharged in lift car to outside.Therefore, do not need forcibly the air in lift car to be taken a breath by blowing engine, just can realize the interim pressure variation pattern described in patent documentation 1.

In addition, a kind of Pneumatic controller is disclosed in patent documentation 3, this Pneumatic controller is by blowing engine and adjust the air quantity of quantity regulating device for air adjusting blowing engine and the amount of air of the lift car of coming in and going out air-breathing and exhaust, make draught head at the air in lift car and extraneous air little, also the air pressure in lift car can be adjusted into setting air pressure.Wherein, the quantity regulating device for air of the air-breathing and exhaust of this adjustment via lift car inside, makes the rotation of door plate from the exhausr port of blowing engine, changes thus the air quantity of the air in the lift car of the air suctiton inlet that flows into blowing engine.

Formerly technical literature

Patent documentation

Patent documentation 1: the open patent 2009-137737 of Japan communique

Patent documentation 2: the flat 7-112879 communique of Japan's open patent

Patent documentation 3: International Publication WO2010/055543 communique

In above-mentioned patent documentation 1, the method for realize target pressure variation pattern is inquired into, but it does not make sufficient discussion to the Pneumatic controller of implementation phase pressure variation pattern.

In addition, in the disclosed Pneumatic controller of above-mentioned patent documentation 2, owing to the gap to lift car not making consideration, so can not be applied in the real lift car with gaps such as elevator door parts.In addition, when making air pressure phasic Chang, owing to having adopted the air pressure mode jumpy that makes, so do not make consideration to how pressure variation rate being adjusted to suitable size.

On the other hand, in the disclosed Pneumatic controller of patent documentation 3, owing to not considering, air pressure is periodically changed, so can not switch fast at short notice air quantity.Therefore, although wish formation stages pressure variation pattern, but the smooth waveform of angle that erects part and bight that can only formation stages pressure variation, cause pressure variation not obvious, passenger can not clearly recognize pressure variation, can carry out the rest halt of swallowing act for passenger short, effect is undesirable.

Summary of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of elevator with Pneumatic controller, make it possible to make the air pressure in lift car be periodically variation in the case of considering the gap in lift car.

Solution

The present invention can understand from multiple viewpoints, and while understanding from one of them viewpoint, the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup of the present invention is as described below.In addition, the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup of the present invention when understanding from other viewpoint will be set forth in the explanation of below embodiments of the present invention being carried out etc.

That is to say, the present invention includes the mode of the above-mentioned problem of multiple solution, and a kind of mode is wherein to the invention provides a kind of elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup, it has car internal gas pressure control setup, described car internal gas pressure control setup has blowing engine, air quantity shifter, quantity regulating device for air and control setup, described air quantity shifter is by stream and described blowing engine, lift car and extraneous air connect, air quantity for the air to the lift car of coming in and going out carries out two stages (Kai Heguan) or multiple stage (standard-sized sheet, full cut-off and more than one midway location aperture) stage switch, described quantity regulating device for air is by stream and described blowing engine, lift car and extraneous air connect, air quantity for the air of the lift car that makes to come in and go out changes continuously, described control setup is controlled blowing engine according to the operation information of elevator, air quantity shifter and quantity regulating device for air.

Invention effect

The elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup of the present invention can complete the switching of the air quantity of the air to the lift car of coming in and going out moment, and can adjust air quantity according to the size in the gap of lift car, so implementation phase pressure variation pattern effectively.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the diagram of curves that represents target air pressure changing pattern.

Fig. 2 is the diagram of curves that represents pressure variation pattern creating method.

Fig. 3 is the section drawing that represents the car side of the structure of air-tightness car.

Fig. 4 represents that gap is the diagram of curves of the necessary air quantity under zero ideal conditions.

Fig. 5 is the diagram of curves of the necessary air quantity while representing that lift car exists gap.

Fig. 6 is the diagram of curves of the necessary air quantity while representing to consider the gap of real car.

Fig. 7 is the system construction drawing that represents the basic structure of Pneumatic controller involved in the present invention.

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that represents the first embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is the diagram of curves that represents the each several part action of the first embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 10 is the schematic diagram that represents the second embodiment of the present invention.

Figure 11 is the schematic diagram that represents the valve event of the second embodiment of the present invention.

Nomenclature

1 ... lift car, 6 ... elevator door, 9 ... Pneumatic controller, 10 ... blowing engine, 11 ... air quantity shifter, 12 ... quantity regulating device for air, 13 ... silencer champer, 14 ... stream, 15 ... control setup, 16 ... elevator operation information, 17～20 ... electromagnetic valve, 21～22 ... control cock, 23～25 ... electromagnetic valve, 26～27 ... control cock, 28～30 ... electromagnetic valve, 31～32 ... control cock.

The specific embodiment

Referring to accompanying drawing etc., embodiments of the present invention are described.The following description is the explanation that the embodiment of content of the present invention is carried out, and the present invention is not subject to the restriction of these embodiments.Those skilled in the art make various changes and modifications in the scope of disclosed technological thought in this manual.In addition,, at the institute's drawings attached for embodiment and specific embodiment are described, the part with identical function adopts identical symbol to represent, and omits the explanation of its repetition.

The elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup of the present invention has car internal gas pressure control setup, this car internal gas pressure control setup has blowing engine, air quantity shifter, quantity regulating device for air and control setup, this blowing engine is being considered the basis of the air of coming in and going out from the gap of lift car, guarantee to suck the necessary air quantity of the necessary air quantity of the air in lift car or the air of discharge lift car, described air quantity shifter is by stream and blowing engine, lift car and extraneous air connect, air quantity for the air to the lift car of coming in and going out carries out two stages of fast speed (Kai Heguan) or multiple stage (standard-sized sheet, full cut-off and more than one midway location aperture) stage switch, this quantity regulating device for air is by stream and blowing engine, lift car and extraneous air connect, air quantity for the air of the lift car that makes to come in and go out changes continuously, adjust thus air quantity, this control setup is controlled blowing engine according to the operation information of elevator, air quantity shifter and quantity regulating device for air.

In above-mentioned lift car internal gas pressure control setup, air quantity shifter makes the sectional area moment of the stream that supplies Air Flow carry out phasic Chang by being arranged on the action of the multiple electromagnetic valves that periodically open and close in electronic mode on the suction side of blowing engine or the stream of exhaust side.For example, between full-gear and full-shut position, switch, to switch fast air quantity.

Be specifically, air quantity switching means configuration is become to make the stream of the air suctiton inlet of blowing engine form branch's stream, the a part of electromagnetic valve being provided with in multiple electromagnetic valves is mounted to the air intake blowing engine in lift car, other electromagnetic valve is mounted to extraneous air is sucked to blowing engine.

Or, as other structure, also can be in each branch's stream of the stream of the air suctiton inlet of blowing engine and exhausr port, the electromagnetic valve of a part in the multiple electromagnetic valves that are arranged in each branch's stream of the air suctiton inlet of blowing engine and the stream of exhausr port is arranged in the stream that is connected blowing engine and extraneous air, other electromagnetic valve is arranged in the stream that connects blowing engine and lift car, forms thus air quantity shifter.

Quantity regulating device for air, is adjusted air quantity to change air quantity thus by the sectional area that is arranged on the multiple control cock with electronic mode continuous control aperture of the exhaust side of blowing engine or suction side and changes streams.

Be specifically, stream at the exhausr port of blowing engine forms branch's stream, a part of control cock is arranged in the stream that connects blowing engine and extraneous air, other control cock is arranged in the stream that connects blowing engine and lift car, form thus quantity regulating device for air.

Or, as other structure, also can form branch's stream at the stream of the air suctiton inlet of blowing engine, the electromagnetic valve of air quantity shifter is arranged in the stream that connects blowing engine and extraneous air, and in the stream in its front, form branch's stream, a part of control cock is arranged in the stream being connected with lift car, and other control cock is arranged in the stream being connected with extraneous air.Equally, stream at the exhausr port of blowing engine forms branch's stream, the electromagnetic valve of air quantity shifter is arranged in the stream that connects blowing engine and extraneous air, and in the stream in its front, form branch's stream, a part of control cock is arranged in the stream being connected with lift car, and other control cock is arranged in the stream being connected with extraneous air.

Control setup is controlled the aperture of the control cock of switching, the quantity regulating device for air of the electromagnetic valve of rotating speed, the air quantity shifter of blowing engine according to the operation information of the target air pressure changing pattern that sets and elevator.

Target air pressure changing pattern is set as to the data of the car internal object air pressure corresponding with the position of lift car and running time.Operation information obtains from upper elevator control gear and sensor, refers to height and position or running time and the operational mode etc. of lift car, with reference to the target air pressure setting in advance according to the height and position of lift car or running time.Pattern that when operational mode represents elevator stops and elevator door is opened when being identified in the upper and lower elevator of passenger etc. pattern, standby etc., elevator stops and elevator door cuts out, towards destination floor downwards mobile pattern and towards destination floor, be moved upward in the information of pattern.

In addition, consider that the time dependent of the interval area of lift car changes, the differential pressure inside and outside lift car when mensuration makes blowing engine rotation with the rotating speed of regulation, and obtain interval area by calculating, confirm whether in allowed limits current interval area.If current interval area has exceeded higher limit or the lower limit of allowed band, the size in the standby hole of adjusting play adjustment use etc. is to adjust interval area.The calculating of interval area and the confirmation of allowed band are undertaken by control setup, when elevator carries out maintenance examination, according to the result of maintenance examination, adjust the size of standby interval area adjustment with hole.The calculating of the interval area carrying out according to the measurement result of differential pressure and the adjustment of interval area also can be set at lift car and by control setup, automatically be carried out when stopping standby mode.

By adopting above structure, can make air pressure in lift car along with the lifting of lift car becomes phasic Chang.

< < is about target air pressure changing pattern (Fig. 1) > >

Referring to Fig. 1, the interim pressure variation pattern of the inclination realizing by the present invention is described.Pressure variation P in lift car when Fig. 1 represents lift car decline ₁(namely target air pressure changing pattern P ₁) and car outside pressure variation P ₂time dependent change.In this manual, by these pressure variation referred to as " car internal gas pressure P ₁" and " the outer air pressure P of car ₂".In Fig. 1, the initial point of curve represents the position, entrance hall that lift car sets out, and the air pressure of starting layer is called to " homeposition air pressure START-P ".In addition, in Fig. 1, the terminal of curve represents the position, terminal entrance hall of lift car, for example, while being the position, entrance hall of 1 layer of ground, is roughly 980hPa.The air pressure of this destination county is called to " stop position air pressure STOP-P ".Therefore,, in Fig. 1, it is the recruitment Δ PU of air pressure that the longitudinal axis also can be understood as.

The outer air pressure P of car ₂along with the height change of the lift car in travelling, change.By the height setting of lift car, be x[m], air pressure is on the ground set as to P ₀[hPa], and temperature is set as to T ₀[℃] time, the outer air pressure P of car ₂[hPa] can and adopt following formula (1) to calculate according to the record of physics and chemistry chronology 18 years version (relation of the height of standard atmosphere and air pressure, temperature).

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="P"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">P</figure-callout>}}_2=P_0{(1-\frac{0.0065x}{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="0"\; label="T"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400031.png,HDA00003691018400041.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">T</figure-callout>}}_0+273.15})}^{5.257}........\left(1\right)$

When lift car declines, because the value of the position x in formula (1) diminishes, so the outer air pressure P of car ₂become large.While starting to travel due to elevator, accelerate and while stopping slowing down and speed gradually changes, so the outer air pressure P of car ₂the start-up portion of waveform and the curved shape of latter end change.In addition the interval at lift car with fixed speed operation, the outer air pressure P of car, ₂linearly variation.When not carrying out the air pressure control of lift car, the outer air pressure P of the air pressure in non-air-tightness lift car and car ₂consistent.

When the air pressure control of carrying out in lift car of the present invention, improve air-tightness and make lift car form airtightization or approach airtight state, and under this airtight conditions, carry out air pressure control.Target air pressure changing pattern P in lift car ₁as Patent Document 1, pressurizeed by the pressure variation rate with stronger interval and region repeatedly alternately forming made from weak pressure variation rate that pressurization stops, form with the width of regulation and the interim pressure variation pattern of highly pressurizeing.In the prior art, the interval air pressure that stops does not change (the interval waveform that stops of the prior art is horizontal), and in air pressure control in lift car of the present invention, this point is improved.The result of contriver's etc. supervision ranking test shows, sharply changing of the pressure variation rate while stopping interval from being switched between pressor areas is the reason that causes human discomfort.In addition, the result of contriver's etc. test also shows, continues to carry out faint pressurization in the interval of stopping, and can obtain the effect of improving that makes human discomfort elimination.Therefore,, in the air pressure control in lift car of the present invention, in order to be distinguished with existing interim pressure variation pattern, to be called to tilt interim pressure variation pattern, and to be set as target air pressure changing pattern P ₁.

On the other hand, when lift car rises, air pressure declines.According to the structure of ear, when air pressure declines, syrinx is opened naturally, and earplug sense disappears.Therefore, when lift car rises, the essentiality of carrying out air pressure control reduces, and the description thereof will be omitted in the present invention.But, at rising or falling speed in the long elevator of fast or lifting travel, very possible Yin Ersai sense and cause human discomfort, so preferably carry out air pressure control with the same in the situation of decline.

< < is about generation method (Fig. 2) the > > of the interim pressure variation pattern that tilts

Inclination stage pressure variation pattern P referring to Fig. 2 to the air pressure control in lift car of the present invention ₁basic generation method describe.

Fig. 2 (a) is illustrated in first half by the air pressure P in lift car ₁with respect to the outer air pressure P of car ₂be set as malleation, later half by the air pressure P in lift car ₁be set as negative pressure to generate interim pressure variation pattern P ₁method.When adopting the method, because the amount of air of the lift car of coming in and going out is large, so can cause Pneumatic controller to maximize.

In the long elevator of lifting travel, the interval of travelling with fixed speed is long, as shown in Fig. 2 (c), and the outer air pressure P of car ₂the interval that is linear change is long.Consequently, the outer air pressure P of car ₂with car internal gas pressure P ₁be close, produce interval interlaced with each other.In this interval, the air pressure in lift car is hovered between malleation and negative pressure, and it is complicated that air pressure control becomes.

On the other hand, in Fig. 2 (b), in all intervals, the air pressure P in lift car ₁with respect to the outer air pressure P of car ₂for negative pressure.Between rest area, extract air in lift car to reduce pressure, between pressor areas, utilizing the air pressure official post extraneous air inside and outside car to enter lift car to pressurize, can control and realize air pressure control by repeatedly carrying out dullness thus.The method can reduce the inside and outside draught head of lift car, can reduce the amount of air of the lift car of coming in and going out, so can realize the miniaturization of Pneumatic controller.

In addition, as shown in Fig. 2 (d), in the long elevator of lifting travel, can realize interim pressure variation pattern P by repeatedly carrying out dullness control equally ₁.

As mentioned above, by adopt the air pressure P making in lift car in all intervals ₁with respect to the outer air pressure P of car ₂for negative pressure is to generate interim pressure variation pattern P ₁method, as described later, favourable to improving the air-tightness of elevator door.Because air-tightness is higher, required air quantity is fewer, so have advantages of miniaturization that can implement device and save the energy.

In addition, by employing, make the air pressure P in lift car ₁with respect to the outer air pressure P of car ₂for negative pressure is to generate interim pressure variation pattern P ₁method, because the amount of air entering from outside is few, thus little to the burden of the A/C for regulating air, be conducive to the energy-conservation of air-conditioning side.

As mentioned above, the present invention, by making the inner negative pressure that forms of lift car, can realize interim pressure variation pattern P ₁.

< < is about interval area (Fig. 3) the > > of lift car

Referring to Fig. 3, the interval area of the bubble-tight lift car 1 for improving lift car 1 is described.Lift car 1 consists of the longitudinal framing 7a of top board 2, side plate 3, header board 4, floor 5, elevator door 6, elevator door, the transverse frame 7b of elevator door, pad (not shown) and the slip door 8 of elevator door.If just offered hole at lift car 1,, regardless of the inside and outside draught head of lift car 1, interval area all remains unchanged., in the case of the good air-tightness lift car 1 of air-tightness, there is no the above-mentioned gap being formed with holes merely.In the present invention, the gap of the elevator door 6 not getting clogged when lift car 1 airtightization is inquired into.The gap of elevator door 6 is stopped up by the pad (not shown) being arranged on the transverse frame 7b of longitudinal framing 7a, elevator door of elevator door, improves thus air-tightness., due to not sealing completely between pad and elevator door 6, and the hole of door 8 parts of sliding also cannot block completely, so there is primary clearance area A ₀.

At car internal gas pressure P ₁higher than the outer air pressure P of car ₂time, elevator door 6 is pushed toward the outer side, the gap enlargement between pad 7 and elevator door 6, interval area A ₀same further expansion.On the contrary, at car internal gas pressure P ₁lower than the outer air pressure P of car ₂time, elevator door 6 is drawn towards lift car 1 side draught, and the leak tightness between pad 7 and elevator door 6 improves, interval area A ₀diminish.Therefore, at car internal gas pressure P ₁with respect to the outer air pressure P of car ₂during for negative pressure, it is minimum that the interval area of lift car 1 becomes.

As mentioned above, interval area has the feature that can change along with lift car 1 inside and outside draught head.The invention is characterized in, in the situation that further contemplating this interval area variation, carry out air pressure control.

< < is about necessary air quantity (Fig. 4) the > > under ideal conditions very close to each other

Referring to Fig. 4 to not considering the necessary air quantity Q in the situation of gap length of lift car ₁describe.At this, by necessary air quantity Q ₁be defined as by Pneumatic controller and suck the necessary charge air in lift car, the symbol of air quantity with the side that enters lift car for just.

Fig. 4 (b) represents and the target air pressure changing pattern P shown in Fig. 4 (a) ₁the corresponding gap at lift car is the necessary air quantity Q under zero ideal conditions ₁.Under ideal conditions very close to each other, necessary air quantity Q ₁be the wavy waveform of rectangle that air quantity changes with the size in two stages.That is to say, between rest area, with small pressure variation rate, make the pressure rises in lift car, so required air quantity is very little.On the other hand, between pressor areas, with larger pressure variation rate, make the pressure rises in lift car, so need larger air quantity.So, by the air quantity changing with two stages, repeatedly carry out the pressurization in 2 stages, as shown in Fig. 4 (a), car internal gas pressure P ₁being interim rises.

At this, preferably will between pressor areas, be set as 3～6 seconds, and will between rest area, be set as 3～6 seconds.For fear of the ear that occurs people, do not catch up with the variation of pressure and produce earplug obstacle, preferably on the basis of delaying is moved in the recovery of considering ear, be at least set in more than 3 seconds between by pressor areas.In addition,, if the overlong time between pressor areas, the problem that there will be ear to bear burdens for a long time, so be preferably controlled at the time between pressor areas (pressure transformation period) below 6 seconds.

When too short between rest area (being shorter than 3 seconds), the earplug occurring cannot complete and recover action before arriving between the pressor areas that continues to change, thereby can cause earplug phenomenon further to be aggravated.Therefore, preferably on moving the basis of delaying, the recovery of considering ear is set in more than 3 seconds between by rest area.On the other hand, during overlong time (exceeding 6 seconds) between rest area, can cause the time between pressor areas to shorten, make pressure change rate become excessive, easily cause earplug phenomenon, so preferably rest halt was controlled at below 6 seconds.

Necessary air quantity (Fig. 5) the > > of < < when having gap

Necessary air quantity Q referring to accompanying drawing 5 when having gap ₁describe.Fig. 5 (a) represents car internal gas pressure P ₁with the outer air pressure P of car ₂, Fig. 5 (b) represents the draught head P that car is inside and outside ₁-P ₂.In addition, Fig. 5 (c) for convenience of explanation, the necessary air quantity when showing lift car and thering is the fixing minim gap of area.According to Bernoulli's theorem, the speed v of the air flowing out from hole [m/s] can adopt following formula (2) to calculate.

$v=A\sqrt{\frac{2(P_2-P_1)}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}}........\left(2\right)$

In formula, A represents the area [m in hole ²], P ₂the pressure [Pa] of the higher side in the front and back pressure in expression hole, P ₁the pressure [Pa] of a lower side in the front and back pressure in expression hole, ρ represents the density [kg/m of gas ³].At this, P ₁represent car internal gas pressure, P ₂represent the outer air pressure of car.

From formula (2), can know, even if the interval area of lift car is constant, if the differential pressure inside and outside car is excessive, the flow velocity v that flows through the air in gap strengthens, and it is large that the flow of the air entering from gap becomes.

From the inside and outside air pressure P of the car shown in Fig. 5 (a) ₁, P ₂and the inside and outside draught head P of the car shown in Fig. 5 (b) ₁-P ₂can know, under the initial state in moment 0, the draught head P that car is inside and outside ₁-P ₂be zero, after this, As time goes on, draught head P ₁-P ₂towards negative pressure direction, increase, at car internal gas pressure P ₁the moment t increasing with stage ₁, draught head P ₁-P ₂reach maxim.After this, draught head P ₁-P ₂reduce, at car internal gas pressure P ₁the bight of ladder, at car internal gas pressure P ₁with the outer air pressure P of car ₂consistent moment t ₂, draught head P ₁-P ₂vanishing again.After this, due to the draught head P inside and outside car ₁-P ₂increase and decrease, so as shown in Fig. 5 (b), draught head P ₁-P ₂curve to be sawtooth wavy.

From knowing above, the P in formula (2) ₂-P ₁with sawtooth wave change, from gap, enter the flow of the air in lift car and the square root of sawtooth wave increases and decreases pro rata.Therefore, as shown in Fig. 5 (c), in order to make car internal gas pressure P ₁be phasic Chang and necessary air quantity Q in required inflow lift car ₁waveform to be deformed into the gap shown in Fig. 4 (b) be that the square wave (being represented by dotted lines) of 1 o'clock deducts the shape from the flow (representing with arrow) of gap leaked-in air.

At this, pressurised zone is set as to 3～6 seconds, rest region is set as to 3～6 seconds, but is not limited in this, preferably using the moving velocity of lift car and operating range etc. as parameter, the time is is suitably increased and decreased, the interval time is set as to Best Times.

Necessary air quantity (Fig. 6) the > > of < < when having actual gap

Necessary air quantity Q while having actual car gap ₁in Fig. 6 (a), with solid line, represent.In Fig. 6 (a), the curve of the necessary air quantity shown in dotted line presentation graphs 5 (c).From the result of calculation of the airtight car of reality, more from gap leaked-in air, so deflection is greater than the situation of Fig. 5 (c).

In the present invention, be conceived to necessary air quantity Q ₁waveform from square wave distortion and carry out this point, worked out necessary air quantity Q ₁be decomposed into the method for square wave and sawtooth wave.That is to say, by the necessary air quantity Q shown in Fig. 6 (a) ₁be decomposed into the basic air quantity Q of the square wave shown in Fig. 6 (b) _1aand the adjustment air quantity Q of the sawtooth wave shown in Fig. 6 (c) _1b.By the necessary air quantity Q shown in Fig. 6 (a) ₁point of inflection can know, by air quantity with-Q _bwith-2/3Q _bthe square wave that this two stages change is set as basic air quantity Q _1a.In addition, because the size of the air quantity in two stages depends on the size in lift car gap, so the air quantity in two stages is decided to be 3: 2 shown in the example of Fig. 6 than differing.Therefore, be necessary that the size in gap is carried out to some to be adjusted, by the air quantity ratio in two stages be adjusted into 2: 1,3: 2,4: 1 or 5: 3 etc., come thus conveniently to control.By setting in advance the hole of the gap length for changing lift car, can come adjusting play according to the specification of Pneumatic controller.

The basic air quantity Q of Fig. 6 (b) _1awaveform in initial part and back-page waveform be not square wave.That is to say, when lift car starts to travel and while stopping travelling, the lifting of speed is carried out slowly, and the time dependent variation of the air pressure in lift car can not become very greatly.Therefore, at lift car stopping period, close blowing engine, or the rotating speed of blowing engine is dropped to and can not make car internal gas pressure P ₁the rotating speed changing.In addition,, when lift car starts to travel, improve the rotating speed of blowing engine to increase air quantity.When lift car stops, before stopping, reducing gradually the rotating speed of blowing engine, to reduce air quantity.

Fig. 6 (c) is illustrated in and considers and from the basis of gap leaked-in air, make basic air quantity Q _1athe adjustment air quantity Q of distortion _1b.Adjust air quantity Q _1bthe necessary air quantity Q from Fig. 6 (a) ₁deduct basic air quantity Q _1aand the air quantity obtaining.For example,, at moment t ₁, due to the necessary air quantity Q of Fig. 6 (a) ₁for-Q _b, the basic air quantity Q of Fig. 6 (b) _1aalso be-Q _bso, the adjustment air quantity Q after subtracting each other _1bbe 0.After this, necessary air quantity Q ₁by moment, switched to-2Q _b/ 3, but due to basic air quantity Q _1aalso be switched to-2Q _b/ 3, so adjust air quantity Q _1bstill be 0.In addition moment t, ₂the necessary air quantity Q at place ₁for Q _c, basic air quantity Q now _1afor-2Q _b/ 3.Therefore, adjust air quantity Q _1bfor Q _c+ 2Q _b/ 3.After this, necessary air quantity Q ₁by moment, switched to Q _c-Q _b/ 3, but due to basic air quantity Q _1aalso be switched to-Q _bso, adjust air quantity Q _1bby to Q _c-Q _b/ 3-(Q _b) calculate, result is still Q _c+ 2Q _b/ 3.Therefore, adjust air quantity Q _1bas shown in Fig. 6 (c), be sawtooth wavy.

At this, pressurised zone is set as to 3～6 seconds, rest region is set as to 3～6 seconds, but is not limited in this, preferably using the moving velocity of lift car and operating range etc. as parameter, the time is is suitably increased and decreased, the interval time is set as to Best Times.

As mentioned above, in the present invention, by by basic air quantity Q wavy rectangle _1athe adjustment air quantity Q wavy with sawtooth _1bcombination generates necessary air quantity Q ₁, realize thus interim pressure variation pattern P ₁.

< < is about basic structure (Fig. 7) the > > of Pneumatic controller

Referring to Fig. 7, the basic structure of Pneumatic controller involved in the present invention is described.Pneumatic controller 9 is by for guaranteeing necessary air quantity Q ₁blowing engine 10, for generating the basic air quantity Q changing with 2 stages _1a air quantity shifter 11, for generating the wavy adjustment air quantity Q of sawtooth _1bquantity regulating device for air 12, reduce the noise of blowing engine 10 silencer champer 13, connect stream 14 and the control setup 15 of said apparatus and form.

The air suctiton inlet of blowing engine 10 is connected with air quantity shifter 11 in stream 14a.Air quantity shifter 11 is from 2 stream 14b, the 14c air amount of atmospheric side and silencer champer side.In addition switch from the air quantity Q of the air of atmospheric side and silencer champer side (being lift car 1) suction, _1a.For example, air quantity when, blowing engine 10 is rotated with the rotating speed of fixing is set as Q _b.By air quantity shifter 11, make the stream 14c standard-sized sheet of cage side, and close the stream 14b of atmospheric side.The air quantity Q of the air now, sucking from lift car 1 _1afor 100% of blowing engine 10 air quantity, namely Q _b.Or, by the area reducing to 2/3 of the stream 14c of cage side, and while opening the stream 14b of atmospheric side with the area suitable with remaining 1/3 area, the air quantity Q of the air sucking from lift car 1 _1afor 66.7% of blowing engine 10 air quantity, namely 2Q _b/ 3.Air quantity shifter 11 is the air quantity Q to the air sucking from lift car 1 by above method _1acarry out the switching in two stages.In addition, be drawn into the amount of air of blowing engine 10, the total amount of the air sucking in stream 14b, 14c from atmospheric side and cage side, is 100% of blower air quantity, namely Q _b.

The exhausr port of blowing engine 10 is connected with quantity regulating device for air 12 at stream 14d place.Quantity regulating device for air 12 is 2 stream 14e, 14f to atmospheric side and silencer champer side by Bas Discharged.By adjusting the sectional area adjustment of the stream 14e of atmospheric side and the stream 14f of silencer champer side, enter the air quantity Q of the air of cage side _1b.For example, by closing the stream 14f of cage side, and by the stream 14e standard-sized sheet of atmospheric side, enter the air quantity Q of the air of cage side _1abe zero.Now, at the air quantity of blowing engine 10, be Q _b, by air quantity shifter 11, with 100% of the air quantity of blowing engine 10, suck in lift car air time, the air quantity Q via the stream 14g of joint noise reduction chamber 13 and lift car 1 from the air of lift car 1 sucking-off ₁for Q _b.

On the other hand, the stream 14f by lift car side of quantity regulating device for air 12 is opened to half, and the stream 14e of atmospheric side is closed to half, now, from quantity regulating device for air 12, enter the air quantity Q of the air of lift car side _1bfor 50% of blowing engine 10 air quantity.At 10 air quantity of blowing engine, be Q _b, by air quantity shifter 11, with 100% of the air quantity of blowing engine 10, suck in lift car air time, the air quantity of half turns back to lift car 1 by quantity regulating device for air 12, consequently, from the air quantity Q of the air of lift car 1 sucking-off ₁for Q _b/ 2.As implied above, quantity regulating device for air 12 is by adjusting from the air quantity Q of the air of lift car 1 sucking-off ₁, by lift car internal gas pressure P ₁be adjusted into target air pressure.

In silencer champer 13, by sound absorption materialss such as sponges, make inner stream form bending stream, absorb thus the sound of blowing engine 10.In addition, in order reducing from silencer champer 13, to come in and go out the wind speed of air of lift car 1 to eliminate the howling of wind, the sectional area of the stream 14g of joint noise reduction chamber 13 and lift car 1 to be set as fully large.Consequently, the air pressure P in silencer champer 13 and lift car 1 ₁become roughly equal.

There is gap in elevator door 6 places of lift car 1, is considering the air quantity Q of the air entering from car outside ₂basis on obtain necessary air quantity Q ₁.As mentioned above, basic air quantity Q _1athe size of air quantity in two stages depend on the size in the gap of lift car 1, so also can be arranged to can adjusting play size.

In control setup 15, by computer device, calculate the target air pressure changing pattern P corresponding with the position of lift car 1 or time ₁, or in storage area, store target air pressure changing pattern P ₁.Dropping to the elevator of ground (or rising to very Gao look out station from ground) from Gao look out station very quickly quickly, control setup 15 is controlled the air pressure in lift car according to the pattern that is set in advance in (or being stored in storage area after being calculated by control setup in advance) in control setup.On the other hand, stopping in the elevator of each floor in building, in order to control the air pressure declining in (or rising) lift car during to other floor from specific floor, control setup 15 calculates target air pressure changing pattern P ₁, so that the air pressure in lift car is controlled.Because elevator velocity mode according to the rules moves, so can calculate according to the time position of lift car 1.At this, the pressure variation pattern P that calculating or storage are corresponding with position ₁with calculating or the storage target air pressure changing pattern P corresponding with the time ₁can obtain identical effect.

Control setup 15 is according to the operation information 16 of elevator and target air pressure changing pattern P ₁, control the rotating speed of blowing engine 10, the basic air quantity Q of air quantity shifter 11 _1aand the adjustment air quantity Q of quantity regulating device for air 12 _1b.Operation information 16 specifically represents information and the expression position of lift car 1 or the information of time of the service state of elevator.Service state at this by elevator is divided into 4 kinds.Namely be divided into that elevator closes that the state, the elevator door 6 that stop carrying out standby after elevator door 6 are opened state in closing and being moved upward of the state, the elevator door 6 that carry out on-board and off-board service and elevator door 6 cuts out and mobile downwards in these 4 kinds of states of state.In addition, control setup 15, when being judged as the state of lift car in elevator door 6 cuts out and be mobile downwards according to the information 16 of sending from the upper control setup of elevator, carries out air pressure control.

< < is about structure (Fig. 8) the > > of the first embodiment

Fig. 8 is the schematic diagram that represents the first embodiment of Pneumatic controller 9.As mentioned above, at the air suctiton inlet of blowing engine 10, air quantity shifter 11 is set.The second to the 4th electromagnetic valve 18～20 that air quantity shifter 11 is the air in lift car 1 by the air in the first electromagnetic valve 17 and the suction silencer champer 13 of suction extraneous air forms.In the example of Fig. 8, schematically show that the first to the 3rd electromagnetic valve 17～19 is opened and state that the 4th electromagnetic valve 20 is closed.First to fourth electromagnetic valve 17～20, owing to can making the area change of the opening portion of stream moment, so sensitivity is good, is applicable to basic air quantity Q _1aswitch to rectangle wavy.As first to fourth electromagnetic valve 17～20, can adopt and utilize the magnetic force of electromagnet (screw actuator) to carry out electromagnetic valve (also referred to as " electromagnetic solenoid ") of valve opening and closing etc.

Quantity regulating device for air 12 is arranged on the exhaust side of blowing engine 10.Quantity regulating device for air 12 is by being that lift car 1 is discharged the first control cock 21 of air and discharged the second control cock 22 of air to outside and forms to silencer champer 13.The aperture of the first control cock 21 and the second control cock 22 can regulate respectively between 0～100%.In the example of Fig. 8, the aperture that schematically shows the first control cock 21 and the second control cock 22 is respectively 50% state.Control cock 21,22 can flow path sectional area carry out stepless variation, be applicable to that air quantity is adjusted into sawtooth wavy.As control cock 21,22, can adopt globe valve and butterfly valve etc. can change in electronic mode the valve of valve opening.For example, can adopt by electrical motor carry out the switching degree of by-pass valve control and can carry out the motorized valve in the switching at midway location place.

Suppose to have gap more than a place in lift car 1, the total air quantity of the air entering from gap is Q ₂.For the ease of diagram, in the example of Fig. 8, air is equably with Q ₂/ 2 amount flows into from two.

In the example of the state of Fig. 8, the air quantity of blowing engine 10 is set as to Q _b, now, from the first electromagnetic valve 17 with Q _b/ 3 air quantity sucks extraneous air, and the second electromagnetic valve 18 and the 3rd electromagnetic valve 19 are with 2Q _b/ 3 air quantity sucks the air of lift car 1.On the other hand, from the first control cock 21 with Q _b/ 2 air quantity makes air return to lift car 1, from the second control cock 22 with Q _b/ 2 air quantity arrives Bas Discharged outside.Thus, the air quantity that enters the air of lift car 1 is-Q _b/ 6.That is to say, in Q _b/ 6 air quantity is discharged the air in lift car 1, thus to the air pressure P in lift car ₁the state reducing pressure.

At the air quantity Q of the air entering from gap ₂be greater than Q _b/ 6 o'clock, the air pressure P in lift car ₁rise, become the state to pressurizeing in lift car.On the other hand, at the air quantity Q of the air entering from gap ₂be less than Q _b/ 6 o'clock, the air pressure P in lift car ₁decline, become the state to reducing pressure in lift car.

< < is about calculating (Fig. 8) the > > of the air quantity of each several part

In Fig. 8, the air quantity of blowing engine 10 is set as to Q _b[m ³/ s], the air pressure of the exhaust side of blowing engine 10 is set as to P _oUT[Pa], by the air pressure of silencer champer 13 and the same P that is set as in lift car ₁[Pa], is set as ρ [kg/m by the proportion of air ³], the peristome area of the first control cock 21 is set as to A _pCV1[m ²], now, return to the air quantity Q of the air of lift car 1 _pCV1[m ³/ s] can calculate by following formula (3).

${\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Q\; PCV"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Q</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{PCV}}=A_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="PCV"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">PCV</figure-callout>}1}\sqrt{\frac{2(P_{\mathrm{OUT}}-P_1)}{\mathrm{\&rho;}}\mathrm{\&Delta;t}}........\left(3\right)$

In formula, the unit of air quantity Q is [m ³/ s], so small time Δ t may be calculated 1.0[s].Sectional area A according to formula (3) to the first control cock 21 _pCV1solve, obtain following formula (4).

$A_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="PCV"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">PCV</figure-callout>}1}=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Q\; PCV"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Q</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{PCV}}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;t}}\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\&rho;}}{2(P_{\mathrm{OUT}}-P_1)}}........\left(4\right)$

To adjust air quantity Q _pCV1substitution formula (4), can obtain the necessary sectional area of the first control cock 21.And, can the sectional area of the first control cock 21 be controlled to necessary sectional area by control setup 15.

At this, turn back to air and the aggregate value of air quantity and the air quantity Q of blowing engine that are discharged to outside air in lift car 1 _bequate.Thus, be discharged to the air quantity Q of outside air _a[m ³/ s] can adopt following formula (5) to calculate.

Q _A＝Q _B-Q _PCV1 ........(5)

Therefore, the necessary sectional area A of the second control cock 22 _pCV2can adopt following formula (6) to calculate.

$A_{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="PCV"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">PCV</figure-callout>}2}=\frac{Q_A}{\mathrm{\&Delta;t}}\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\&rho;}}{2(P_{\mathrm{OUT}}-P_2)}}=\frac{Q_B-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="1"\; label="Q\; PCV"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400081.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Q</figure-callout>}}_{\mathrm{PCV}}}{\mathrm{\&Delta;t}}\sqrt{\frac{\mathrm{\&rho;}}{2(P_{\mathrm{OUT}}-P_2)}}........\left(6\right)$

Therefore, by adjusting air quantity Q _pCV1substitution formula (6), can obtain the necessary sectional area of the second control cock 22.And, can the sectional area of the second control cock 22 be controlled to necessary sectional area by control setup 15.

At this, for by quantity regulating device for air 12 to pressurizeing in lift car, need to be by the air pressure P of the exhaust side of blowing engine 10 _oUTbring up to lift car in air pressure P ₁compare fully high degree.Now, can static pressure be set more greatly, make it possible to the output of blowing engine 10 be set for fully large according to the loss of pressure of the electromagnetic valve 17～20 using in air quantity shifter 11.Now, with respect to the air pressure P of the suction side of electromagnetic valve 17～20 ₁, P ₂, the air pressure P of the exhaust side of blowing engine 10 _oUTraise.Owing to flowing in the place that air forces down from the high local vigor of air pressure, so can send into from the first control cock 21 to lift car 1 necessary adjustment flow Q _1b, with to pressurizeing in lift car.In addition, above-mentioned calculating is simplified, ignored the loss of pressure that length by stream pipe arrangement etc. causes.

In addition, also the sectional area of the stream of multiple electromagnetic valves 17～20 can be arranged to change respectively.By changing the switching combination of electromagnetic valve 17～20, can be according to necessary air quantity Q ₁change and switch air quantity Q _1asize.

< < is about action (Fig. 9) the > > of the first embodiment

Diagram of curves referring to Fig. 9 describes the action of the first embodiment.Fig. 9 (a) represents to tilt interim target air pressure changing pattern P ₁fig. 9 (b) represents the rotating speed of blowing engine 10, Fig. 9 (c) represents the open and-shut mode of the first electromagnetic valve 17, Fig. 9 (d) represents the open and-shut mode of the second electromagnetic valve 18 and the 3rd electromagnetic valve 19, Fig. 9 (e) represents the open and-shut mode of the 4th electromagnetic valve 20, Fig. 9 (f) represents the aperture of the first control cock 21, and Fig. 9 (g) represents the aperture of the second control cock 22.In addition, the transverse axis of each diagram of curves all represents the time.

The time 0 to t that starts to travel down at lift car 1 ₁interval, at the first electromagnetic valve 17, close, under the state that the second electromagnetic valve 18 to the 4th electromagnetic valve 20 is opened, start blowing engine 10.After this, along with the rotating speed of blowing engine 10 raises, air quantity increases, and discharges air, the pressure drop in lift car by the second electromagnetic valve 18 to the 4th electromagnetic valve 20 from lift car 1.

The rotating speed of blowing engine 10 is controlled so as at specific time t ₁reach maximum speed, and arrive maximum quantity of wind Q _b.At suction air quantity, reach maximum quantity of wind Q _bspecified time t ₁, air quantity shifter 11 is opened the first electromagnetic valve 17, and closes the 4th electromagnetic valve 20.Now, from the second electromagnetic valve 18 and the 3rd electromagnetic valve 19 with 2Q _b/ 3 air quantity is from lift car 1 sucking-off air.

In the moment, reach t ₂time, again close the first electromagnetic valve 17, and open the 4th electromagnetic valve 20.Now, from the second electromagnetic valve 18 to the 4th electromagnetic valve 20 with Q _bair quantity from lift car 1 sucking-off air.After this, air quantity shifter 11 is in an identical manner at air quantity Q _bwith air quantity 2Q _bbetween/3 these two stages, switch basic air quantity Q ₁a.

By blowing engine 10, from the air of lift car 1 or lift car 1 and outside this two sides suction, directly from the outlet of blowing engine 10, discharge.By controlling as shown in Figure 9 the first control cock 21 and the second control cock 22, a part for the air of discharging from blowing engine 10 is turned back in lift car 1.

In the moment 0 to time t ₁during, make the first control cock 21 full cut-offs, the second control cock 22 standard-sized sheets.Thus, the air of discharging from blowing engine 10 100% is discharged to outside, and the flow that returns to the air of lift car 1 is zero.The air quantity Q of the air of discharging from lift car 1 thus, ₁equal basic air quantity Q _1a.The time of advent t ₁time basic air quantity Q _1afor-Q _b, be after this switched at once-2Q _b/ 3.

At time t ₁～t ₂during, the first control cock 21 is opened, and at time t ₂place's standard-sized sheet.The second control cock 22 is from time t ₁standard-sized sheet play time t ₂place closes completely.The air of discharging from blowing engine 10 thus, 100% returns to lift car 1.Time t ₂the basic air quantity Q at place _1afor-2Q _b/ 3.Because the air quantity of the air of discharging from blowing engine 10 is Q _bso, with-2Q _b/ 3+Q _b=Q _b/ 3 air quantity pressurizes to lift car 1.

At this, at time t ₂in the initial pressurization at place, necessary air quantity Q ₁for than Q _bthe Q of/3 large 10% left and right _c.The air pressure of lift car 1 is not pressurizeed fully, and the air pressure of lift car 1 is only brought up to about 90% of target., because the object of the air pressure control of elevator is the human discomfort that alleviates passenger, so and do not require and carry out and the on all four strict control of expected value.Therefore, with target air pressure changing pattern P ₁compare and allow to occur that some depart from.In addition, due to moment t ₄and t ₆and t ₈the necessary flow Q at place ₁basicly stable at Q _b/ 3 left and right, so can be controlled to target air pressure P ₁.

At time t ₂～t ₃during, open the second control cock 22, and make the second control cock 22 at time t ₃place opens into about 90%, and on the other hand, the first control cock 21 is from time t ₂the standard-sized sheet at place starts to close, and at time t ₃place is closed to about 90%.Thus, at t time of advent time ₃time, about 90% of the air of discharging from blowing engine 10 is discharged to outside, and the flow that turns back to the air in lift car 1 is approximately 10%.The air quantity Q of the air of therefore, discharging from lift car 1 ₁equal basic air quantity Q _1aabout 90%, to be equivalent to basic air quantity Q _1aabout 10% air quantity to pressurizeing in lift car.

Thus, in the pressurization interval faint pressurization of also carrying out of stopping, according to tilting, interim pressure variation pattern is controlled the air pressure in lift car.To time t ₃time basic air quantity Q _1afor-Q _b, be after this switched at once-2Q _b/ 3.

When not adopting interim pressure variation pattern to control the air pressure in lift car, at time t ₂～t ₃during, open the second control cock 22, and make the second control cock 22 at time t ₃place opens completely, and the first control cock 21 is from time t ₂the standard-sized sheet at place starts to close, and at time t ₃place closes completely.Thus, at t time of advent time ₃time, 100% of the air of discharging from blowing engine 10 is discharged to outside, and the flow that turns back to the air in lift car 1 is zero.The air quantity Q of the air of therefore, discharging from lift car 1 ₁equal basic air quantity Q _1a.To time t ₃time basic air quantity Q _1afor-Q _b, be after this switched at once-2Q _b/ 3.Fig. 9 (f) and Fig. 9 (g) represent the open state of the control cock (proportional control valve) 21,22 under this state.

At this, pressurised zone is set as to 3～6 seconds, rest region is set as to 3～6 seconds, but is not limited in this, preferably using the moving velocity of lift car and operating range etc. as parameter, the time is is suitably increased and decreased, the interval time is set as to Best Times.

< < is about structure (Figure 10) the > > of the second embodiment

In the high air-tightness car 1 of air-tightness, as mentioned above, necessary air quantity Q ₁as shown in Fig. 5 (c), be set to these two stages of positive air quantity and negative air quantity.Now, need to the flow direction of air, switch by air quantity shifter 11.The structure that referring to Figure 10, Pneumatic controller involved in the present invention 9 is applied to the second embodiment in the situation of the little air-tightness car 1 in gap describes.

Suction side at blowing engine 10 is installed the first air quantity shifter 11a consisting of the first electromagnetic valve to the three electromagnetic valves 23～25 and the first quantity regulating device for air 12a consisting of the first control cock 26 and the second control cock 27.As shown in figure 10, at the air suctiton inlet of blowing engine 10, form Liang Ge branch stream, the first electromagnetic valve 23 is arranged on to the stream 14h of the air for sucking lift car 1, the second electromagnetic valve 24 is arranged on the stream 14i being connected with control cock 26,27.In addition, in the front of the second electromagnetic valve 24, form Liang Ge branch stream, the first control cock 26 is arranged on to the stream 14j of the air for sucking lift car, and the second control cock 27 is arranged on to the stream 14k for sucking extraneous air.The 3rd electromagnetic valve 25 is arranged on the stream 14l between the first control cock 26 and silencer champer 13.

Exhaust side at blowing engine 10 is installed the second air quantity shifter 11b consisting of the 4th electromagnetic valve to the six electromagnetic valves 28～30 and the second quantity regulating device for air 12b consisting of the 3rd control cock 31 and the 4th control cock 32.Exhausr port at blowing engine 10 forms Liang Ge branch stream, and the 4th electromagnetic valve 28 is arranged on to lift car 1 and is discharged on the stream 14m of air, and the 5th electromagnetic valve 29 is arranged on the stream 14n being connected with control cock 31,32.In addition, in the front of the 5th electromagnetic valve 29, form Liang Ge branch stream, the 3rd control cock 31 is arranged on to lift car 1 and is discharged on the stream 14o of air, and the 4th control cock 32 is arranged on to outside and is discharged on the stream 14p of air.The 6th electromagnetic valve 30 is arranged on the stream 14q that connects the 3rd control cock 31 and silencer champer 13.

In the example of Figure 10, open the first electromagnetic valve to the three electromagnetic valves 23～25, and the first control cock 26 and the second control cock 27 are controlled to half-open state.The air quantity of blowing engine 10 is being set as to Q _btime, from the first electromagnetic valve 23 with Q _b/ 2 air quantity sucks the air of lift car 1, from the first control cock 26 with Q _b/ 4 air quantity sucks the air of lift car 1, from the second control cock 27 with remaining Q _b/ 4 air quantity sucks outside air.In addition, by closing the 4th electromagnetic valve 28, and open the 5th electromagnetic valve 29 and the 6th electromagnetic valve 30, the air of discharging from blowing engine 10 is flowed towards control cock 31,32.At this, by closing the 3rd control cock 31 completely and opening the 4th control cock 32 completely, the air that makes to turn back to lift car 1 is zero.Consequently, from the air quantity Q of the air of lift car 1 sucking-off ₁for Q _b/ 4+Q _b/ 2=3Q _b/ 4.

At elevator, during in readiness for action, under the state shown in Figure 10, make blowing engine 10 stop, when lift car 1 declines, be controlled to the rotating speed that improves blowing engine 10.Thus, can be according to the rotating speed of blowing engine 10 gradually to the air pressure P in lift car ₁reduce pressure, the air quantity of the blowing engine 10 when maximum is rotated is set as Q _btime, maximum can be with 3Q _b/ 4 air quantity sucks the air of lift car 1, and is discharged to outside.

< < is about action (Figure 11) the > > of the second embodiment

Referring to Figure 11, the action of the second embodiment is described.Figure 11 (a) represents necessary air quantity Q ₁curve and at moment t ₁the action of the valve 23～32 when air quantity is switched at place.As illustrated in fig. 10, at moment 0～t ₁interval, improve the rotating speed of blowing engine 10, with 3Q _bair in/4 air quantity sucking-off lift car 1.Due to the symbol of air quantity of the air that enters lift car is just set as, so at necessary air quantity Q ₁curve in, air quantity now and-3Q _b/ 4 air quantity is corresponding.In addition, now in advance the first electromagnetic valve 23, the second electromagnetic valve 24, the 3rd electromagnetic valve 25, the 5th electromagnetic valve 29 and the 6th electromagnetic valve 30 are opened, and the 4th electromagnetic valve 28 is closed.The first control cock 26 and the second control cock 27 are in semi-open state, and the 3rd control cock 31 is in buttoned-up status, and the 4th control cock 32 is in full open position.That is to say, still maintain the after this state of the first control cock to the four control cock 26,27,31,32 of Figure 11 (d) of explanation.

When at moment t ₁while switching air quantity, close the first electromagnetic valve 23.Now, from the first control cock 26 in semi-open state and the second control cock 27 with Q _b/ 2 air quantity sucks respectively the air in lift car and outside lift car.Meanwhile, open the 4th electromagnetic valve 28, close the 5th electromagnetic valve 29 and the 6th electromagnetic valve 30.The air of now, discharging from blowing engine 10 is all discharged in lift car 1.Consequently, enter the air quantity Q of the air of lift car 1 ₁for-Q _b/ 2+Q _b=Q _b/ 2, air quantity Q if necessary ₁curve in shown in arrow, air quantity moment is switched.

Figure 11 (b) represents necessary air quantity Q ₁curve and at moment t ₁～t ₂during the action of valve 23～32 while adjusting the air quantity of air that enters lift car.Make the first control cock 26 from semi-open state-transition for closing completely, making the second control cock 27 is full-gear from semi-open state-transition, makes the flow vanishing of the air sucking from lift car 1.Thus, can the air quantity Q of the air in lift car will be entered ₁from Q _b/ 2 change into Q _b.In addition, during this period, make in advance the 3rd control cock 31 standard-sized sheets, and make the 4th control cock 31 full cut-offs.

Figure 11 (c) represents necessary air quantity Q ₁curve and at moment t ₂the action of the valve 23～32 when air quantity is switched at place.Open after the first electromagnetic valve 23, from the first electromagnetic valve 23 and the second control cock 27 in full-gear with Q _b/ 2 air quantity sucks respectively the air in lift car and outside lift car.Meanwhile, close the 4th electromagnetic valve 28, open the 5th electromagnetic valve 29 and the 6th electromagnetic valve 30.Due to, in advance by the 3rd electromagnetic valve 21 standard-sized sheets, and the 4th electromagnetic valve 32 is closed, so the air of discharging from blowing engine 10 is all discharged in lift car 1.Consequently, enter the air quantity Q of the air in lift car ₁for-Q _b/ 2+Q _b=Q _b/ 2, air quantity Q if necessary ₁curve in shown in arrow, air quantity moment is switched.

Figure 11 (d) represents necessary air quantity Q ₁curve and at moment t ₂～t ₃the action of the valve 23～32 while adjusting the air quantity that enters the air in lift car during this time.Make the first control cock 26 change semi-open state into from closed condition, make the second control cock 27 change semi-open closing into from full-gear.Now, from the first electromagnetic valve 23 with Q _b/ 2 air quantity sucks the air in lift car, and from the first control cock 26 with Q _b/ 4 air quantity sucks the air in lift car.In addition, from the second control cock 27 with remaining Q _b/ 4 air quantity sucks the air outside lift car.On the other hand, making the 3rd control cock 31 is the state of closing from the state-transition of standard-sized sheet, and makes the 4th control cock 32 change full-gear into from closed condition.The air vanishing of now, discharging to lift car 1.Consequently, from the air quantity Q of the air of sucking-off in lift car ₁become-Q _b/ 4-Q _b/ 2=-3Q _b/ 4.

When lift car 1 stops, making from the air quantity Q of the air of sucking-off in lift car ₁gradually become zero, and under the state of Figure 11 (d), the rotating speed that can be arranged to reduce gradually blowing engine 10 is to stopping.

At this, pressurised zone is set as to 3～6 seconds, rest region is set as to 3～6 seconds, but is not limited in this, preferably using the moving velocity of lift car and operating range etc. as parameter, the time is is suitably increased and decreased, the interval time is set as to Best Times.

As mentioned above, even little in the gap of lift car 1, also can air quantity be controlled to necessary air quantity Q by air quantity shifter 11 involved in the present invention and quantity regulating device for air 12 ₁, can realize interim pressure variation pattern P ₁.

It should be noted that, in the situation that lift car 1 rises, make the rotation of blowing engine 10 oppositely carry out same control, in this description will be omitted.

< < adjusts the method > > of air quantity about the rotating speed by blowing engine and baroceptor

Because As time goes on the gap length of lift car 1 can change, so preferably regularly check.Can be arranged in elevator door 6 in closed condition, and take load carrying ability as zero state, rest in key horizon when (being generally 1 layer), be judged as elevator in standby mode, during this period by the size in control setup 9 automatic inspection gaps.Control setup 15 operates air quantity shifter 11 and quantity regulating device for air 12, makes the rotating speed rotation of blowing engine 10 with regulation, whole air quantity is sent in lift car, to measure the draught head Δ P[Pa inside and outside car].Owing to knowing the air quantity Q corresponding with the rotating speed of blowing engine 10 from the specification of blowing engine 10 _b[m ³/ s], so gap A[m ²] size can pass through following formula (7) calculate.

$A=\sqrt{\frac{{{\mathrm{\&rho;<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="Q\; B"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">Q</figure-callout>}}_B}^2}{2\mathrm{\&Delta;P}}}........\left(7\right)$

In formula, ρ represents the density [kg/m of air ³].By the rotating speed that changes blowing engine 10, change air quantity Q _b, and measure draught head Δ at several points, can be similar to the relation between air output Q and interval area A by following linear function formula (8).

A＝C ₁Q+A ₀ ........(8)

In formula, C ₁the constant of proportionality that expression is obtained according to measurement result, A ₀represent primary clearance.In addition,, after formula is processed, can represent the relation between the poor Δ P of inner and outer air pressure and the interval area A of lift car 1 by following formula (9).

$A=\frac{{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400051.png,HDA00003691018400061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_2\mathrm{\&rho;}}{\mathrm{\&rho;}-{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="3"\; label="C"\; filenames="HDA00003691018400061.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">C</figure-callout>}}_3\sqrt{2\mathrm{\&rho;\&Delta;P}}}........\left(9\right)$

In formula, C ₂and C ₃the coefficient that expression is obtained according to measurement result.

As mentioned above, control setup 9 is by making blowing engine 10 rotate during elevator standby, and measures the draught head in lift car under this state, can confirm the size in gap.As the design specification of Pneumatic controller 9, known and moment t ₁the inside and outside poor Δ P of maximum gas pressure of car at place _max(in Fig. 6, be-Q _b) corresponding permissible clearance area A _max, and pass through Δ P _maxsubstitution formula (9) is calculated the size in the gap of use state, can check that whether interval area is suitable.

When interval area is too small, adopt the structure of the first embodiment to tackle.Therefore,, the in the situation that of the first embodiment, the size in gap has lower limit.When the individual difference when changing because of time dependent or manufacturing etc. causes interval area to be less than lower limit, can be arranged to be provided for expanding by the pipe arrangement at lift car 1, stream 14 or silencer champer 13 the standby hole of interval area, interval area can be adjusted to suitable scope.As standby hole, by using the valve that can adjust aperture, can check that whether interval area is suitable by control setup 9, and can finely tune the size in gap by the control of control setup 9, so can adjust easily.

The present invention is not limited in above-described embodiment, can comprise various variation.For example, above-described embodiment has been described in detail for explanation that the present invention is easily understood, but and does not mean that and must use all structures being illustrated in above-mentioned part.In addition, can replace by a part of structure of a certain embodiment the structure of other embodiment, and also the structure of other embodiment can be added to some embodiment.And a part for the structure of the structure that also can utilize other to each embodiment is appended, deletes or replaces.

Part or all of above-mentioned various structure, function, processing section and processing means etc. for example can be by designing in integrated circuit etc. and realized with hardware mode.And above-mentioned various 26S Proteasome Structure and Functions etc. also can be by being explained by treater and carrying out the program for realizing various functions and realize with software mode.The information that is used for program, list and the file etc. of realizing various functions can be stored in the recording device of memory device, hard disk, SSD (Solid State Drive, solid-state drive) etc. or the recording medium of IC-card, SD card and DVD etc.

In addition, about control line and information wire and the connection between them, only show the part that when explanation need to illustrate, do not mean that from product to show all control lines and information wire and the connection between them.In fact can think that nearly all or most structure has annexation each other.

Claims (14)

1. one kind has the elevator of lift car internal gas pressure control setup, it has car internal gas pressure control setup, described car internal gas pressure control setup is by the air-breathing and exhaust of blowing engine, air pressure in lift car is to interim pressure variation pattern according to the lifting of lift car to be controlled, the described elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup is characterised in that

Described car internal gas pressure control setup has air quantity shifter, quantity regulating device for air and control setup, described air quantity shifter is by stream and described blowing engine, lift car and extraneous air connect, air quantity for the air to the lift car of coming in and going out carries out interim switching, described quantity regulating device for air is by stream and described blowing engine, lift car and extraneous air connect, air quantity for the air of the lift car that makes to come in and go out changes continuously, described control setup is controlled described blowing engine according to the operation information of elevator, described air quantity shifter and described quantity regulating device for air.

2. the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,

Described air quantity shifter periodically changes the sectional area of the stream that supplies Air Flow by being arranged on the action of the suction side of described blowing engine or the multiple electromagnetic valves that open and close in electronic mode of exhaust side, carry out thus periodically to switch air quantity, described quantity regulating device for air, is adjusted air quantity to change continuously air quantity thus by the sectional area that is arranged on the exhaust side of described blowing engine or the multiple control cock with electronic mode continuous control aperture of suction side and changes continuously stream.

3. the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,

The stream of the air suctiton inlet of described blowing engine is formed with branch's stream, described air quantity shifter has the interim multiple electromagnetic valves that open and close, the electromagnetic valve of a part is arranged on the stream that connects lift car and blowing engine, other electromagnetic valve is arranged on the stream that connects extraneous air and blowing engine, in addition, the stream of the exhausr port of described blowing engine is formed with branch's stream, described quantity regulating device for air has the multiple control cock that open and close continuously, the control cock of a part is arranged on the stream that connects blowing engine and extraneous air, other control cock is arranged on the stream that connects blowing engine and lift car.

4. the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that,

The stream of the air suctiton inlet of described blowing engine and the stream of exhausr port are formed with branch's stream, described air quantity shifter has the interim multiple electromagnetic valves that open and close, in each stream of the stream of air suctiton inlet and the stream of exhausr port, the electromagnetic valve of a part is arranged on the stream that connects blowing engine and extraneous air, other electromagnetic valve is arranged on the stream that connects blowing engine and lift car, described quantity regulating device for air has the multiple control cock that open and close continuously, the stream that is arranged on the front of the electromagnetic valve of the described air quantity shifter on connection blowing engine the stream branching out from the stream of the air suctiton inlet of blowing engine and outside stream is formed with branch's stream, the control cock of a part is arranged on the stream being connected with lift car, other control cock is arranged on the stream being connected with extraneous air, and, the stream that is arranged on the front of the electromagnetic valve of the described air quantity shifter on connection blowing engine the stream branching out from the stream of the exhausr port of blowing engine and outside stream is formed with branch's stream, the control cock of a part is arranged on the stream being connected with lift car, other control cock is arranged on the stream being connected with extraneous air.

5. the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,

Described control setup is controlled the switching of electromagnetic valve of the rotating speed of described blowing engine, described air quantity shifter and the aperture of the control cock of described quantity regulating device for air according to the target air pressure changing pattern setting and the operation information of elevator.

6. the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as described in claim 1 or 2, is characterized in that,

Described lift car has the weather gauge of measuring the inside and outside draught head of car, and described control setup calculates the size of the interval area of lift car according to the draught head inside and outside the rotating speed of blowing engine and car.

7. the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that,

In described control setup, be set with the lower limit of the interval area of lift car, the mode that described control setup makes interval area be greater than lower limit to expand the area in standby gap changes interval area.

8. one kind has the elevator of lift car internal gas pressure control setup, it has car internal gas pressure control setup, described car internal gas pressure control setup is by being arranged at the air-breathing and exhaust of the blowing engine on the lift car of lifting in hoist trunk, air pressure in this lift car is to interim pressure variation pattern according to the lifting of this lift car to be controlled, the described elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup is characterised in that

Described car internal gas pressure control setup has air quantity shifter, quantity regulating device for air and storage area, described air quantity shifter carries out stage for the air quantity of the air to the lift car of coming in and going out and switches, described quantity regulating device for air changes continuously for the air quantity of the air of the lift car that makes to come in and go out, the described pressure variation pattern that described storage area is used when storing with air pressure in lift car described in the control of interim pressure variation pattern

Air quantity shifter and described quantity regulating device for air described in the control of described car internal gas pressure control setup, to generate described interim pressure variation pattern, control the air pressure in described lift car thus.

9. one kind has the elevator of lift car internal gas pressure control setup, it has car internal gas pressure control setup, described car internal gas pressure control setup is by being arranged at the air-breathing and exhaust of the blowing engine on the lift car of lifting in hoist trunk, air pressure in this lift car is to interim pressure variation pattern according to the lifting of this lift car to be controlled, the described elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup is characterised in that

Described car internal gas pressure control setup has air quantity shifter, quantity regulating device for air and calculating section, described air quantity shifter carries out stage for the air quantity of the air to the lift car of coming in and going out and switches, described quantity regulating device for air changes continuously for the air quantity of the air of the lift car that makes to come in and go out, the described pressure variation pattern that described calculating section is used when calculating and generating with air pressure in lift car described in the control of interim pressure variation pattern

Air quantity shifter and described quantity regulating device for air described in the control of described car internal gas pressure control setup, to generate described interim pressure variation pattern, control the air pressure in described lift car thus.

10. the elevator with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as described in claim 8 or 9, is characterized in that,

Described air quantity shifter periodically switches the air quantity of stream by being arranged on the action of the multiple electromagnetic valves on the suction side of described blowing engine or the stream of exhaust side, described quantity regulating device for air continuously changes the air quantity of stream by what be arranged on the exhaust side of described blowing engine or suction side for multiple control cock of continuous control valve opening, thus air quantity is adjusted.

11. elevators with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as described in claim 8 or 9, is characterized in that,

Described control setup is controlled the switching of electromagnetic valve of the rotating speed of described blowing engine, described air quantity shifter and the aperture of the control cock of described quantity regulating device for air according to the target air pressure changing pattern setting and the operation information of elevator.

12. elevators with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as described in claim 8 or 9, is characterized in that,

Described lift car has the weather gauge of measuring the inside and outside draught head of car, and described control setup calculates the size of the interval area of lift car according to the draught head inside and outside the rotating speed of blowing engine and car.

13. elevators with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as claimed in claim 12, is characterized in that,

In described control setup, be set with the lower limit of the interval area of lift car, the mode that described control setup makes interval area be greater than lower limit to expand the area in standby gap changes interval area.

14. elevators with lift car internal gas pressure control setup as described in claim 8 or 9, is characterized in that,

It is negative pressure and controlling according to described interim pressure variation pattern with respect to extraneous air that described control setup makes air pressure in described lift car.

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