A kind of timber manufacturing process
Technical field
The present invention relates to timber take highly dense plate HDF, MDF MDF, particieboard as substrate and door pocket, mute mouthful, art mute mouthful of forming processing technology field, specifically a kind of timber processing and forming and top finishing system of processing technique.
Background technology
Coating class paint timber take highly dense plate HDF, MDF MDF, particieboard as substrate now conventional following several method completes the processing and forming of product timber:
1, adopt artificial, static, airless spraying, the modes such as machine showering are taken up in order of priority two component polyurethane priming paint, finish paint (PU priming paint, finish paint) to cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. take HDF, MDF or particieboard on the timber surface of substrate or on substrate wood skin.During this time, adopt normal temperature surface drying, 40-60 ℃ heat drying method to cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the lip-deep PU priming paint of timber, top-coat paint film be taken up in order of priority execute do solid work dry.The omnidistance time is between 72-96 hour.Finished product finish paint paint film " minute surface, plump " that above-mentioned technique is covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. is effective, brightness also can reach more than 92 °.But the problem existing is mainly manifested in again the following aspects:
(1) in slow, the industrialization process of rate of drying, product surface quality stability control difficulty is higher.In large-scale production process, lack the synchronizing capacity of planting other manufacturing procedures such as plate, hot pressing, edge sealing, round with product timber;
(2) health risk, contaminated environment, particularly hand spray mode wherein;
(3) poor performance such as corrosion-resistant, the resistance to xanthochromia of product surface coating, anti-ultraviolet radiation line, wear-resisting anti scuffing, particularly wherein take pure white as main PU paint paint film generally also exists easy loss of gloss, efflorescence, yellowing problems at present, affects product service life;
(4) do not possess surrounding heterochromatic layer scale and cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. ability;
(5) cost is high, on timber surface at the bottom of two-sided covering with paint PU, the every square meter of the current material cost of finish paint is roughly equal to 28.00--32.00 yuan.
2, on the HDF, the MDF that are first 2440 × 1220mm at book size or particieboard target plate face, melamine, the urea-formaldehyde glue impregnated paper of Double-side hot moulding subsides white or other wood grain look are made so-called dual platen, impregnated paper grammes per square metre 100g/m
2to 120g/m
2, and then by following operation, dual platen is carried out to postorder processing:
(1) one week balance period;
(2) according to product design figure, dual platen is planted to plate, round;
(3) hot-forming, adopt temperature control hot pressing mode between 190-200 ℃ be placed in timber upper and lower faces layer HDF or MDF vegetarian noodles plate or particieboard hot pressing, be glued in the stile of timber core real-wood integrated material limit;
(4) adopt artificial, static, airless spraying, the modes such as machine showering are covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. two component polyurethane finish paint (PU finish paint) on the surface of dual platen timber one side.Without the dual platen another side of covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc., directly as the finishing material of product parts, the normally the inside of product timber, is called for short: the timber back side;
(5) successively in normal temperature surface drying chamber, 35-40 ℃ heat drying chamber to cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the lip-deep PU top-coat paint film of timber execute do solid work dry.The omnidistance time is between 48-60 hour.
(6) to timber surrounding arris carry out artificial scraping, be close to, mend greasy, repair look, clean.
The advantage of above-mentioned technique is to have reduced the covering with paint cost of timber, but the following defective workmanship existing is clearly equally:
(1) dual platen hot pressing is long equilibration period, and drying varniss speed is slow;
(2) health risk, contaminated environment, particularly hand spray mode wherein;
Before covering with paint, melamine, the urea-formaldehyde glue impregnated paper overlaying on timber surface need carry out Manual machine sand corase grind, artificial fine grinding and the fine grinding of Manual machine sand, and Dust Capacity is large, it is consuming time to take a lot of work;
(3) poor performance such as corrosion-resistant, the resistance to xanthochromia of product surface coating, anti-ultraviolet radiation line, wear-resisting anti scuffing, particularly wherein take pure white as main PU paint paint film generally also exists easy loss of gloss, efflorescence, yellowing problems at present, affects product service life;
(4) a little less than fine work ability, the black tree lace of finished product timber back side ubiquity edge sealing, artificial scraping, be close to, mend greasy, repair the quality problems such as look vestige and timber surrounding edge sealing arris " sharp cutting edge of a knife or a sword " needle-holding hand;
(5) cost is relatively higher, and the current product cost of the two-sided above-mentioned facing of timber is between 19.00-24.00 yuan/square meter.
3, hot pressing sticker melamine, urea-formaldehyde glue immersion-type facing paper (facing paper grammes per square metre 80g/m
2to 120g/m
2), or adopt the adhesive hot pressing such as urea-formaldehyde glue, paste wooden skin, then on wooden skin, spray the nitro class colored varnish (NC).The defect of its existence is:
(1) contaminated environment, the adhesive such as urea-formaldehyde glue discharge free formaldehyde to the external world; In NC paint, contain volatile materials and other solid pollutants such as VOC, TDI, toluene and dimethylbenzene, heavy metal, peculiar smell, dust; Formation, for the pollution sources of natural environment, is detrimental to health; Increased the weight of water purification resource load;
(2) pressing laminate moulding, thermal balance technique relative complex;
(3) drying varniss speed is slow.
4, UV paint electrostatic spraying/leaching coating process.UV priming paint, the finish paint on timber HDF, MDF or particieboard real estate is dried to spraying/showering to adopt UV lamp drying mode.This method has significantly reduced the lip-deep drying varniss time of timber, but exist equally surface layer and cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the problems such as cost is relatively high, finish paint easily produces paint film pin hole, dust granules, slight tangerine peel, slight depression, sagging, technique controlling difficulty is relatively large; On finished product timber edge and surface, also can not form the covering with paint ability of heterochromatic layer.
5, electromagnetism paint is covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. technique.It is mainly to adopt roller coat, Ga lamp wink-dry mode to complete direct covering with paint at timber HDF, MDF or wood shavings laminin plate (wooden skin) surface that electromagnetism paint is covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. technique.In energy-saving and emission-reduction, quick manufacture, reduce production costs, improve aspect the resistance to scratch of product surface layer paint film, anti-yellowing property, this covering with paint technique effect is comparatively remarkable, but, when requiring timber finished surface paint film brightness value to reach 90 degree when above, the following problem that this technical process exists is obvious, has limited the sustainable development capacity of further raising product specification:
(1) " minute surface, plump " effect deficiency, timber HDF, MDF or wood shavings laminin plate (wooden skin) lip-deep paint film (coating) are being coated with on ornamental thread continuously successively by the moulding of multiple roller machine plain-barreled roll rotary course.In order to evade finished surface paint film, there is comparatively serious " slivering " defect, the process that realizes timber face coat by plain-barreled roll mode has just determined that covering with paint can only be very limited at the lip-deep coating weight of timber (topcoat thickness), makes finished product paint film (coating) be not enough to reach the effect of " minute surface, plump ";
(2) " bar wire sand sheeter lines ", at the initial period of covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. technical process, timber substrate is with the line way of contact, to complete thick sanding surely between rotational line speed reaches the abrasive band of 30 meter per seconds, result, tend to easily manifesting, the bar wire sand sheeter lines mark being exposed on finished product coating surface remains in (abbreviation: " bar wire sand sheeter lines mark ") on timber surface, and it is to be difficult to eliminate that this wire sand sheeter lines mark is coated with in the follow-up covering with paint process on ornamental thread continuously at electromagnetism paint, hide, and the lip-deep paint film coating of timber brightness value requires higher, remain in the lip-deep sand of timber and cut just more obvious that trajectory exposes on finished product paint film face,
(3) " vision depression ", electromagnetism paint is coated with on ornamental thread continuously, and front end is that to realize water base paint film quick-drying for the far infrared producing by far-infrared lamp.Water based paint cost is lower, and using it, the subbing on timber real estate is used conventionally.But there are following two technological problemses simultaneously.The one, hardness is low, easily causes finished product lacquer painting " vision depression " defect (claiming again " lacquer painting tangerine peel ") more or less.The electromagnetism paint of directly covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. on HDF, MDF or wood shavings laminin plate (wooden skin) surface, this " the vision depression " on finished surface tends to more obvious because the micro-shape hole of substrate.The 2nd, easily ground surface environment is caused to slight pollution.Main cause be electromagnetism paint be coated with continuously ornamental thread because of a variety of causes often need be within a working day (class Three/working day) shut down about 8 hours; each shutdown all must be cleaned the water based paint on roller with clear water or middle water; in order to avoid occur roll coater shut down after water based paint spontaneous curing, stick to the situation on roller machine plain-barreled roll, to guarantee that being coated with ornamental thread next day normally moves.Clean sewage is discharged into factory's trench through sedimentation basin, causes ground surface environment slight pollution, if discharge and can increase by a relatively large margin operating cost through sewage treatment facility;
(4) " slivering ", roller coat experienced for approximately 20 seconds on ornamental thread and just will proceed to Ga lamp system after nature flow time being coated with continuously at the lip-deep surface layer paint film of timber, and under the electromagnetic wave condition of its generation wink-dry, curing.The method is difficult to evade " slivering " and is apparent in the problem on finished product lacquer painting, the paint film roller mark of formation while eliminating in plain-barreled roll rotary course coating roll on timber surface, as auxiliary agent compositions such as levellings in coating, added, can affect in varying degrees again paint film light effect;
(5) high brightness is inadequate, and wood working industry conventionally reaches the brightness of surface layer paint film at 90 ° of above finished products and is decided to be high-brightness light product.It is mainly to adopt plain-barreled roll roller coating, by photoelectricity magnetic wave, solidify and realize the dry mode of coating and complete timber top finishing that electromagnetism paint is covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. technique.From principle, analyze, this technique that makes plain-barreled roll realize bone dry with regard to moment within 3 to 5 seconds of the lip-deep coating of timber, determined that finished product lacquer painting limit of brightness value can only be in 80 °, as the auxiliary agent compositions such as blast in coating have been added, just can not make the lip-deep paint film of timber obtain wink-dry by above-mentioned photoelectromagnetic wave interference, simultaneously also can the degree different smooth effects of paint film that affect.
(6) aftershaping edge treated technological level needs to be optimized.Although electromagnetism paint is covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the heterochromatic layer covering with paint that can complete surrounding arris in technique principle on timber HDF, MDF vegetarian noodles substrate (wooden skin) surface.But in volume production process, need to by increase control parameter and further perfect, improve and cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. technological level and just can make not immerse mutually, disturb between above-mentioned heterochromatic layer joint portion, line of demarcation (phase boundary), significantly improve the fine work ability of timber arris technique.Otherwise, surrounding has sealed the PVC edge bonding belt not homochromy with timber face coat and after covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc., the joint portion that finished product surrounding arris easily produces between heterochromatic layer of phase boundary of " sharp cutting edge of a knife or a sword " problem, timber face coat and the periphery edge bonding belt of needle-holding hand also can produce seepage defect.
Summary of the invention
The present invention discloses a kind of timber manufacturing process according to the deficiencies in the prior art.The problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide timber processing and forming and the top finishing system of processing technique of a kind of more environmental protection, converted products better quality.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Timber manufacturing process, comprises the following steps:
(1) substrate take vegetarian noodles HDF, MDF or particieboard as upper and lower two surface layers of timber; Substrate thickness 5mm~12mm, density 780~860Kg/m
3, substrate breadth 2440mm × 1220mm;
(2) press timber design size saw and cut out substrate and timber core real-wood integrated material limit stile;
(3) hot-forming: control 190~200 ℃ of temperature, adopt hot pressing mode the substrate hot pressing of timber upper and lower faces layer, be glued in the stile of timber core real-wood integrated material limit;
(4) stress equilibrium: under nature, element door hot-forming step (3) is deposited a week;
(5) by timber design size, moulding element door is sawed to sanction, surrounding PVC edge bonding belt edge sealing, the reserved technique of PVC edge sealing rank;
(6), with CAD/CAM system, milling processing is engraved in element door surface;
(7) on belt sander, successively with line, the face way of contact, surely thick sanding is carried out in element door surface, revise plain thickness gate error within the scope of production engineering specifications, reject the lip-deep residue of timber, pollutant simultaneously;
(8), on continous way streamline, with plain-barreled roll, radium-shine roller, join roller mode PUA-X subbing is directly covered with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. on element door surface respectively layer by layer, and realize respectively wink-dry under the Electromagnetic Interference condition of specific light source Ga or the generation of UV lamp;
(9) adopt key belt sander, with line, the face way of contact to being attached to the meticulous sanding of the element lip-deep PUA-X subbing of door, polishing;
(10) with plain-barreled roll, radium-shine roller, join roller mode on the PUA-X subbing surface of investment precoat roller coat timber substrate after step (9) polishing;
(11) under the Electromagnetic Interference condition producing through levelling passage levelling and at specific light source Ga or UV lamp, make to be attached to the lip-deep PUA-X investment precoat of timber and realize moment bone dry;
(12) examination and test of products, packing, warehouse-in.
Further described step (7) is that first surely thick sanding is carried out by the first sand roller, the second sand roller successively with the line way of contact in timber surface, and the linear velocity of the first sand roller and the second sand roller is 30 meter per seconds; Then with the face way of contact, by plane formula sand pillow, sanding operation is again carried out in timber surface, make to remain in lip-deep wire sand sheeter lines mark of timber and eliminated completely.
Above-mentioned PUA-X subbing and PUA-X investment precoat are pure white, coloured or clear dope, and its solids content is greater than 90%.
Of the present inventionly with CAD/CAM system, milling processing is engraved in an element door surface and comprise groove, round, curved surface, abnormity processing.
Above-mentioned steps (11) is 4.50~7.00m/min through the walking line speed of levelling passage levelling, and temperature is 50 ℃~75 ℃.
The electronics piano type sander that above-mentioned key belt sander is a kind of precision.Wherein, the each independent key unit of segmented in running all voluntarily independent timber (workpiece) the lip-deep subbing larger to difference in thickness of adjusting work pressure parameter carry out meticulous sanding, polishing, guarantee that this process comprises that surrounding corner is in various defects such as interior surperficial subbing can be because not worn by sand, sand brokenly produces holiday, reveal the exact details.
The inventive method has following helpfulness:
1, " the bar wire sand sheeter lines " that remain on timber face coat have been eliminated.When in this method, sander the first sand roller and the second sand roller rotational line speed reach and complete the fixed thick sanding of timber substrate with the line way of contact between the cloth matter abrasive band of 30 meter per seconds, follow-up plane formula sand pillow carries out sanding operation again with the face way of contact to timber substrate surface, makes to remain in lip-deep wire sand sheeter lines mark of timber and is eliminated completely.The lip-deep paint film coating of timber high luminance values reaches 95 while spending, and also can not manifest shaping wire sand sheeter lines, significantly improved again simultaneously timber substrate surface coating or paint film brightness and " minute surface " level;
2, " vision depression " disappears.This method is all that solids content is up to more than 90% PUA-X coating being coated with the various coatings that adopt on ornamental thread continuously.These PUA-X coatings that are attached on timber HDF, MDF, wooden surface substrate surface have firm, stable, lasting sagging resistance.
HDF, MDF, the lip-deep fiber porosity of wooden skin account for the 45-60% of whole plate face, be attached to its lip-deep PU, the coating such as water base under normal temperature state, use above tend generation half a year coating more or less be absorbed in the phenomenon among these holes, make product lacquer painting produce " vision depression ", and coating brightness value is higher, service time is longer, the degree of product lacquer painting " vision depression " is just more serious.And adopt this method PUA-X to cover with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. after technique, even if brightness reaches 92 ° of above coatings and has used under normal temperature state more than 3 years and examine and be also difficult for finding " vision depression " on timber HDF or MDF, particieboard, wooden skin substrate surface.
3, the brightness of product paint film high, without slivering, " plump ".This method has all adopted plain-barreled roll, radium-shine roller connection roller mode to the various subbings of pure white/coloured, transparent PUA-X, high brightness or dull surface coating on continous way streamline, enter Ga or UV lamp origin system at timber before, increased the levelling operation that is provided with specified temp, walking line speed again, extended the natural flow time of investment precoat, along with the continuity of natural levelling process, the investment precoat slivering meeting remaining on timber substrate is eliminated completely.One aspect of the present invention raising by a relatively large margin the plump level of timber substrate surface coating, increased film thickness, the brightness value that has improved again on the other hand timber substrate surface coating due to reasons such as the increases of the auxiliary agent compositions such as the relative minimizing of leveling auxiliary agent amount in PUA-X investment precoat, blast is that brightness value can reach 90-96 °.
4, improved Environmental Protection Level.This method PUA-X covers with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. process system without PU, water base, nitro paint (these solids coatings only have 70% left and right, and all the other are for needing the material of volatilization in technical process).In covering with paint process, solids content reaches more than 90% utilization rate of white/coloured, transparent PUA-X bottom/investment precoat on streamline and has reached 100% (wherein, VOC, benzene, toluene and dimethylbenzene, heavy metal, formaldehyde discharge external discharge capacity in the volatile harmful material content such as limitation and production process thereof well below GB18580,18584-2001 standard allowable value).
Can there is not spontaneous curing phenomenon in PUA-X coating again within 72 hours down time of streamline, thereby also need not clean with water purification/middle water twin rollers, thereby make in whole technical process volatile matter and dropped to zero as peculiar smell, gas, micro-dust etc. and the pollutant discharge amounts such as sewage;
5, this method has further improved quick manufacturing capacity and the finished product fine work rate of timber.
(1) directly covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. at timber vegetarian noodles HDF, MDF, particieboard, the lip-deep PUA-X bottom of wooden scytoblastema plate, investment precoat is all to complete wink-dry under the Electromagnetic Interference condition of Ga or the generation of UV lamp specific light source.On HDF, MDF that to have omitted at book size be 2440X1220mm, particieboard plate face, Double-side hot moulding is pasted white (pale yellow) melamine, urea-formaldehyde glue impregnated paper as covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. the operation of bottom and the operation of required one week equilibration time thereof.This method is without PU, water base, nitro paint, after use PUA-X bottom/investment precoat of 100%, saved PU, the 48-72 hour natural drying cycle that water base, nitro paint is necessary;
(2) before covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc., this method has adopted the special edge sealing process on reserved technique rank on PVC edge bonding belt to element door periphery, obviously improved the technological level of plain door periphery arris paint film moulding, even under the finished product timber surface color of paint film and the inconsistent condition of the edge bonding belt of periphery, because there being the reserved technique of edge bonding belt rank, the cleaning that joint portion, edge between the two heterochromatic phase boundary also can automatically be processed in streamline covering with paint process is pure white, do not immerse mutually, smoothly flawless (even can touch with face), there is no the defects such as the black tree lace of edge sealing, omitted artificial scraping, be close to, mend greasy, repair look operation.The timber finished product fine work rate of disposal molding is significantly improved.
6, further highlighted cost leadership advantage.
The brightness of directly covering with paint, lacquer, colour wash, etc. on timber vegetarian noodles HDF, MDF, particieboard, wooden skin substrate surface can be up to 65% of the technique coatings such as the spraying of the not enough PU paint of PUA-X coating (paint film) material cost of 96 degree, UV showering, and the amount of labour used has reduced approximately 70% on year-on-year basis.
7, this method coating engineering amplifies prioritization scheme, can realize key element between servo intaglio plate three look transfer-print technology and the continuous roller coat system of streamline integrated, and on timber vegetarian noodles MDF/surface of chipboard, moment completes high light wood grain coating covering with paint.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the belt sander sanding schematic diagram that the present invention adopts;
Fig. 2 is reserved process schematic representation on PVC edge bonding belt of the present invention.
In figure, 1 is the first sand roller, and 2 is second sand rollers, the 3rd, and plane formula sand pillow, the 4th, timber, F is moving direction, and 4a is wooden limit stile, and 4b is surface layer HDF, MDF or particieboard, and 4c is PVC edge band, b is reserved technique rank.
The specific embodiment
Below by embodiment, the present invention is conducted further description; the present embodiment is only for being further detailed the present invention; but can not be interpreted as limiting the scope of the invention, those skilled in the art's content according to the present invention is made some nonessential improvement and is adjusted and also belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
This method proposition technical scheme has solved defect or the deficiency of above-mentioned technique completely.Step is as follows:
1, the substrate take vegetarian noodles HDF, MDF or particieboard (wooden dermatotome) as timber upper and lower surfaces.Substrate thickness size 5mm~12mm, density 780-860Kg/m
3; Substrate book size 2440mmX1220mm(is attached to the lip-deep wooden skin thickness 0.30-0.80mm of wooden scytoblastema plate);
2, press timber design size saw and cut out substrate (HDF, MDF or particieboard) and timber core real-wood integrated material limit stile;
3, hot-forming.Adopt temperature control at hot pressing mode between 190-200 ° the HDF(or the MDF that are placed in timber upper and lower surface layer) vegetarian noodles HDF, MDF or particieboard (wooden dermatotome) hot pressing, be glued in the stile of timber core real-wood integrated material limit;
4, stress equilibrium.Under nature, hot-forming timber (element door) is deposited one week;
5, by parameter control requirement to moulding element door saw sanction, surrounding PVC edge bonding belt carries out edge sealing; This method has adopted the special edge sealing process of reserved technique rank b on PVC edge bonding belt to element door periphery, as shown in Figure 2, wherein the size of technique rank b value is to determine according to the PVC edge bonding belt one-tenth-value thickness 1/10 of timber thickness and employing, and technique rank b value should be less than the thickness of surface layer HDF, MDF or particieboard 4b.
6,, with CAD/CAM system, milling processing (groove, round, curved surface, abnormity processing etc.) is engraved in timber (element door) surface;
7, as shown in Figure 1, on high speed belt sander, successively with line, the face way of contact, surely thick sanding is carried out in element door surface, the scale error moment standard existing on timber thickness direction, within the scope of technological requirement, and is rejected to the lip-deep residue of timber, pollutant simultaneously; Fig. 1 is the belt sander sanding schematic diagram that the present invention adopts, and in figure, surely thick sanding is carried out by the first sand roller, the second sand roller successively with the line way of contact in timber surface, and the linear velocity of the first sand roller and the second sand roller is 30 meter per seconds; Then with the face way of contact, by plane formula sand pillow, sanding operation is again carried out in timber surface, make to remain in lip-deep wire sand sheeter lines mark of timber and eliminated completely.
8, on continous way streamline, with plain-barreled roll, radium-shine roller connection roller mode pure white, coloured or transparent various PUA-X subbings respectively direct covering with paint in layer on element door (wooden skin element door) surface, and realize respectively wink-dry under the Electromagnetic Interference condition of specific light source (Ga or UV lamp) generation;
9, by the key belt sander on streamline, with line, the face way of contact to being attached to the meticulous sanding of the element lip-deep PUA-X subbing of door, polishing;
10, on continous way streamline, with plain-barreled roll, radium-shine roller connection roller mode pure white/coloured, transparent PUA-X high brightness (or sub-light) investment precoat roller coat on timber substrate P UA-X subbing surface;
11, through levelling passage levelling, design temperature, being 50 ℃--75 ℃, walking line speed are 4.50m/min--7.00m/min, and under the Electromagnetic Interference condition producing at specific light source (Ga or UV lamp), make to be attached to the lip-deep PUA-X investment precoat of timber and realize moment bone dry;
12, the examination and test of products:
13, finished product packing:
14, finished product warehouse-in, delivery.