CN103722203A - Porous metallic beryllium deep-hole machining method - Google Patents
Porous metallic beryllium deep-hole machining method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103722203A CN103722203A CN201310706402.9A CN201310706402A CN103722203A CN 103722203 A CN103722203 A CN 103722203A CN 201310706402 A CN201310706402 A CN 201310706402A CN 103722203 A CN103722203 A CN 103722203A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B35/00—Methods for boring or drilling, or for working essentially requiring the use of boring or drilling machines; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B41/00—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor
- B23B41/02—Boring or drilling machines or devices specially adapted for particular work; Accessories specially adapted therefor for boring deep holes; Trepanning, e.g. of gun or rifle barrels
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q3/00—Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Drilling And Boring (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a porous metallic beryllium deep-hole machining method. The porous metallic beryllium deep-hole machining method includes: adopting an eccentric fixture to mount a workpiece on a deep-hole drilling machine; performing primary drilling on a first hole and stopping upon drilling through prior to removing the workpiece; adopting a method by using a gasket to remove positioning deviation and filling equal-weighing objects into the drilling position prior to loading the workpiece into the eccentric fixture once again for primary drilling on a second hole; after four holes are primarily drilled according to above processes, performing multistage broaching and reaming according to the above processing steps. The multiple deep holes of a four-hole square brick are subjected to machining by adopting the deep-hole drilling processes including drilling (phi 20mm), multistage broaching (phi 24mm, phi 26mm, phi 28mm, phi 30mm and phi 32mm) and reaming, so that deep-hole machining of large diameter (>/=32mm) and large length diameter (50-150) upon metallic beryllium materials can be realized, machining precision of the hole after reaming can reach the level of IT7, and surface smoothness can reach Ra 0.4.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to technical field of nonferrous metal processing, particularly relate to a kind of metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method.
Background technology
The machining property of metallic beryllium depends mainly on the mechanical property of metallic beryllium, comprise hardness, elastic modelling quantity, intensity and plasticity etc., the machining process of all routines all can be processed beryllium, such as car, milling, mill, plane, spade, boring, brill, hinge, saw, tapping etc., other processing method is also applicable to the machining of beryllium as spark machined, electric spark-erosion perforation, mechanical lapping and polishing, electrochemical corrosion etc.But there are two very scabrous problems in the machining of beryllium: one, due to the fragility of beryllium and the sensitiveness to breach, when machining beryllium, when cutter leaves or enter workpiece, there will be seamed edge to fall slag, even cause the low stress brittle fracture of beryllium workpiece; Two, beryllium Cutter wear is serious, be difficult to guarantee machining accuracy, this is because the machining of beryllium is fragility processing, the chip of high rigidity produces direct stress before cutter, constantly impact cutting edge, make cutter erosion, and the trickle beryllium powder (comprising beryllium oxide) in powder metallurgy beryllium also plays abrasive action to cutter, cutting edge is quick-wearing very, and this is more remarkable to high-speed steel tool.
At present, both at home and abroad the Machining Technology research of metallic beryllium is more concentrated on the machining damage layer of machining characteristics, beryllium machining damage layer and removal beryllium to beryllium, and how to protect in the problems such as beryllium poison during machined beryllium.And to how solving the machine of beryllium, to add the report finding of a difficult problem very few, traces it to its cause, one, due to the sensitiveness of the basic application of metallic beryllium, various countries, respectively the unit of researching and producing has taked strict secrecy provision to relevant metallic beryllium technical information; Two, beryllium is compared with conventional metals (alloy) materials such as iron and steel, and application scale and field are very limited, and the relative technical threshold of beryllium is very high, research very risky; Three, metallic beryllium is poisonous, and most of research units do not possess particular study production facility, and the research of various countries' beryllium is born by a few unit substantially.Therefore, a machined difficult problem for beryllium is never well solved.
In prior art, when many deep holes metallic beryllium of processing four hole square bricks similar to Figure 1, there are the following problems:
1. because the resistance to cutting of beryllium material is about 2 times of cast iron, while adopting Z2165 moldeed depth hole drill machine drilling beryllium material, maximum drill diameter is φ 22mm, when aperture is greater than φ 22mm, lathe power delivered coupling bears the cutting force while incessantly holing and skids, for the hole processing of φ 32mm, must adopt and bore---the mode classification processing of reaming, and the required precision in hole is high, metapore processing technology is fraising.
2. are deep hole processing hole walls when thin, due to the Embrittlement of beryllium material, easier squeeze crack deep hole in working angles.
3. during deep hole drilling machine drilling, utilize the self-centering principle of scroll chuck, clamp cylindrical work with scroll chuck, make workpiece centre and circumference machine tool chief axis center superposition, when workpiece rotates, cutter does straight-line feed motion, thereby the center at workpiece processes deep hole, and the cross section of 4 hole square bricks is squares, and 4 Kong centers are not in the geometric center of square brick, cannot directly with scroll chuck, be installed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, providing a kind of is added cutting force in man-hour, is prevented workpiece cracking and avoid eccentric by rational technological measure reduction, thereby realize, aperture is greater than to the metallic beryllium porous series deep hole machining of 32mm, big L/D ratio 50～150, and can improves the metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method of processed finished products rate.
The technical scheme adopted is for achieving the above object:
A kind of metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method; it is characterized in that its processing step is: utilize eccentric fixture that workpiece is arranged on deep hole drilling machine; first carry out the rough drill in first hole; drill through rear shutdown; take off workpiece, utilize pad method to eliminate deviations, and in drill hole, insert etc. and again pack workpiece into eccentric fixture after the material of weight and carry out the rough drill in second hole; according to above-mentioned finishing dealing with after four hole rough drills, then carry out multistage reaming and fraising processing according to above-mentioned treatment step.
Described workpiece, after being installed on eccentric fixture, first will carry out static balance cooperation.
When described eccentric fixture is arranged on deep hole drilling machine, front end clamps with scroll chuck, and rear end is supported with the mountable drill bushing on centre frame and centre frame.
Described eccentric fixture is arranged on after deep hole drilling machine, uses amesdial centering, makes clamp body front and back end cylinder support zone be adjusted to front and back circular runout < 0.02mm.
When above-mentioned rough drill, multistage reaming and fraising are processed, the rotating speed of deep hole drilling machine all≤280r/min.
During above-mentioned multistage reaming, each reaming is than the large 2mm in upper level reaming aperture.
Technical characterstic of the present invention is:
(1) adopt and hole (φ 20mm)---multistage reaming (each aperture increases by 2 mm)---fraising technique, to reduce the cutting force that repeatedly adds man-hour, the cutting force of having avoided lathe and workpiece all cannot bear a drilling and to produce, has improved the machining accuracy of deep hole.
(2) speed of mainshaft≤220r/min during drilling, the amount of feeding is 0.02～0.20mm/r.
(3) according to beryllium square brick cross section, be square and 4 Kong centers symmetrical feature on square sectional, designed and produced eccentric jig, clamp body front and back end is concentric cylinder, by scroll chuck and center folder, connects with lathe, makes workpiece hole center and machine tool chief axis center superposition; After hole drilling completes, unclamp pressing plate, by workpiece rotation 90
°after again compress, can realize the processing in hole below, thereby realize the porous processing on deep hole drilling machine.
(4) because eccentric fixture structure is asymmetrical design, adopt steel, weight is larger, workpiece material is beryllium, density is lower, after workpiece is connected with fixture, center of gravity does not overlap with pivot, for avoiding adding, produce vibration man-hour, should carry out static balance, utilize swing arm drilling machine workbench to carry out loss of weight counterweigh, after balance, fixture is connected with lathe, on workpiece, boring can cause new imbalance simultaneously, take toward the mode of the weight substance such as filling out in holing, make to remain balance in processing, avoid the boring therefore causing not justify, the problems such as deflection and surface roughness are overproof.
(5) trial cut workpiece, to improve machining accuracy and degree of balance precision, and according to boring linearity error value and the offset direction of trial cut, adopts the positioning precision of pad method adjustment System.
Compared with prior art, metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method of the present invention, solve the lathe and the workpiece that in existing metallic beryllium Deep-Hole Drilling Technology, exist and cannot bear the smear metal power that a drilling produces, when hole wall is thinner, bore and split and eccentric fixture design problem during porous processing, adopt boring (φ 20mm)---multistage reaming (φ 24, φ 26, φ 28, φ 30, φ 32mm)---the deep hole drilling technique of fraising is processed many deep holes of four hole square bricks, realized metallic beryllium material has been carried out to large aperture (>=32mm), big L/D ratio (50 ~ 150) deep hole machining, the machining accuracy of fraising metapore can reach IT7 level, surface smoothness can reach Ra0.4.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that the present invention is process system composition diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the eccentric clamping principle schematic of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
Consider that beryllium is crisp, easily split, during gun drilling, cutter guide pad can produce strong extruding to workpiece hole wall.For reducing cutting force and extruding force, avoiding workpiece to bore splits, and lathe cannot bear the smear metal power that a drilling produces, the invention provides a kind of boring (φ 20mm)-multistage reaming (φ 24, φ 26, φ 28, φ 30, φ 32mm)-deep hole drilling technique reaming and the equipment that moves this technique, be specially adapted to metallic beryllium to carry out large aperture (>=32mm) big L/D ratio (50 ~ 150) deep hole machining.Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
1,, according to the size and dimension of beryllium workpiece to be processed, design and produce eccentric fixture, cutter fairlead, drill bit, drilling rod, drill bit and connect screw thread with drilling rod.
2, workpiece 1 is packed into after eccentric fixture 2, be placed on horizontal table, carrying out static balance cooperation (utilizes swing arm drilling machine workbench to carry out loss of weight counterweigh, after balance, fixture is connected with lathe, simultaneously on workpiece, boring can cause new imbalance, takes, toward the mode of weight substance such as filling out in holing, in making to process, to remain balance, avoid the problems such as the boring therefore causing is not justified, and deflection and surface roughness are overproof).
3, eccentric fixture (containing workpiece) is arranged on deep hole drilling machine, front end clamps with scroll chuck 3, rear end is supported with the mountable drill bushing 5 on centre frame 4 and centre frame 4, circular runout < 0.02mm before and after being adjusted to concentric cylinder position, amesdial centering eccentric fixture front and back end.
4, open lathe, because eccentric fixture is heavier, the vibrations that static balance precision deficiency causes when avoiding rotating, penetration rate n≤280r/min bores the hole of φ 20mm, drills through rear shutdown.
5, open fixture pressing plate 6, take out workpiece 1, measure deviation before and after deep hole, if there is deviation, by the method for plus-minus pad, eliminate deviations, and in drill hole, insert etc. the material of weight.
6, will after workpiece half-twist, pack fixture into, bore the 2nd hole.
7, repeat 5,6 steps, complete 4 hole rough drills.
8, by 5～7 steps, complete multistage reaming, fraising.Multistage reaming and when fraising lathe rotating speed all≤280r/min.
9, after completion of processing, workpiece loading and unloading.
10,, after cleaning workpiece, complete multiple deep hole machining.
The beryllium post that the concrete embodiment of the present invention is 76 × 76 × 810mm is processed the hole of 4 φ 32 × 810mm simultaneously, not only having guaranteed has strict position degree requirement between Kong Yukong, and only there is 3mm at the minimum place of this workpiece, there is not beryllium low stress brittle fracture yet, the machining accuracy in hole can reach IT7 level, and surface smoothness can reach Ra0.4.
Claims (6)
1. a metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method; it is characterized in that its processing step is: utilize eccentric fixture (2) that workpiece (1) is arranged on deep hole drilling machine; first carry out the rough drill in first hole; drill through rear shutdown; take off workpiece; utilize pad method to eliminate deviations; and in drill hole, insert etc. and again pack workpiece into eccentric fixture after the material of weight and carry out the rough drill in second hole; according to above-mentioned finishing dealing with after four hole rough drills, then carry out multistage reaming and fraising processing according to above-mentioned treatment step.
2. according to metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described workpiece (1), after being installed on eccentric fixture (2), first will carry out static balance cooperation.
3. according to according to metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method claimed in claim 1, while it is characterized in that described eccentric fixture (2) is arranged on deep hole drilling machine, scroll chuck for front end (3) clamping, the mountable drill bushing (5) on centre frame for rear end (4) and centre frame (4) supports.
4. according to the metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method described in claim 1 or 3, it is characterized in that described eccentric fixture (2)) be arranged on after deep hole drilling machine, use amesdial centering, make clamp body front and back end cylinder support zone be adjusted to front and back circular runout < 0.02mm.
5. according to according to metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method claimed in claim 1, while it is characterized in that above-mentioned rough drill, multistage reaming and fraising are processed, the rotating speed of deep hole drilling machine all≤280r/min.
6. according to according to metallic beryllium porous series deep hole processing method claimed in claim 1, while it is characterized in that above-mentioned multistage reaming, each reaming is than the large 2mm in upper level reaming aperture.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310706402.9A CN103722203A (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Porous metallic beryllium deep-hole machining method |
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| CN201310706402.9A CN103722203A (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | Porous metallic beryllium deep-hole machining method |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105880660A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-08-24 | 安徽应流机电股份有限公司 | Method for machining through deep holes |
| CN109332753A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-15 | 哈电集团（秦皇岛）重型装备有限公司 | A kind of BTA drill bit Counterboring apparatus and expanding method |
| CN110695409A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-17 | 安徽马钢表面技术股份有限公司 | Drilling method of interpenetrated small-diameter deep and long hole |
| CN114951735A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Machining method of composite cabin section |
Citations (5)
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| JP2002331401A (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-19 | Nakamura Tome Precision Ind Co Ltd | Small diameter hole machining method in lathe |
| CN202199800U (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-04-25 | 郑州机械研究所 | Multi-hole-site deep-hole machining equipment with improved lathe |
| CN202336606U (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2012-07-18 | 池州众恒机械有限责任公司 | Gun drill deep hole machining device used for engine lathe and boring lathe |
| CN103143726A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-06-12 | 连云港职业技术学院 | Processing method of bidirectional eccentric shaft |
| CN203156098U (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-28 | 常德市联嘉机械有限公司 | Improved deep-hole drilling machine |
-
2013
- 2013-12-20 CN CN201310706402.9A patent/CN103722203A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002331401A (en) * | 2001-05-09 | 2002-11-19 | Nakamura Tome Precision Ind Co Ltd | Small diameter hole machining method in lathe |
| CN202199800U (en) * | 2011-08-12 | 2012-04-25 | 郑州机械研究所 | Multi-hole-site deep-hole machining equipment with improved lathe |
| CN202336606U (en) * | 2011-09-21 | 2012-07-18 | 池州众恒机械有限责任公司 | Gun drill deep hole machining device used for engine lathe and boring lathe |
| CN103143726A (en) * | 2013-04-01 | 2013-06-12 | 连云港职业技术学院 | Processing method of bidirectional eccentric shaft |
| CN203156098U (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-28 | 常德市联嘉机械有限公司 | Improved deep-hole drilling machine |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105880660A (en) * | 2014-09-30 | 2016-08-24 | 安徽应流机电股份有限公司 | Method for machining through deep holes |
| CN109332753A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-02-15 | 哈电集团（秦皇岛）重型装备有限公司 | A kind of BTA drill bit Counterboring apparatus and expanding method |
| CN110695409A (en) * | 2019-09-17 | 2020-01-17 | 安徽马钢表面技术股份有限公司 | Drilling method of interpenetrated small-diameter deep and long hole |
| CN114951735A (en) * | 2022-06-14 | 2022-08-30 | 湖北三江航天红阳机电有限公司 | Machining method of composite cabin section |
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Application publication date: 20140416 |