CN103715680B - A kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device - Google Patents
A kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103715680B CN103715680B CN201310676248.5A CN201310676248A CN103715680B CN 103715680 B CN103715680 B CN 103715680B CN 201310676248 A CN201310676248 A CN 201310676248A CN 103715680 B CN103715680 B CN 103715680B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device.The technology of the present invention main points: comprise arrester and fluid conductive medium ground unit; Grounded metal electric conductor and the described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler of described arrester conduct electricity and to be connected or grounding connection conductor that grounded metal electric conductor and the conducting medium being positioned at described fluid conductive medium ground unit of arrester sprays covering space conducts electricity and is connected; Described fluid conductive medium ground unit comprises thunder and lightning signal detection module and conducting medium sprinkling module; Described thunder and lightning signal detection module is used for detecting that the thunder and lightning signal time control conducting medium sprinkling module being greater than secure threshold sprays conducting medium and between the grounded metal electric conductor of arrester and the earth, forms charge discharging resisting passage to make described conducting medium.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of thunderstorm electricity protective device, especially a kind of thunderstorm electricity protective device being applied to vehicle.
Background technology
The same with building lightning protection device, vehicle lightning protection device by arrester, downlead and earth electrode three part form, its principle be reduce direct stroke probability or by lightning current introduce the earth, to ensure the person and vehicle safety.Wherein ground connection is the most key link, the method generally adopted at present is: by vehicle parking, by the mode of not additionaling power or additionaling power (manpower or pneumatic hammer, electric hammer) near the other ground of vehicle, by many metallic ground poles or imbed in ground with nonmetal grounding modules, form earth mat.During vehicle transfer, then earth electrode is extracted.This vehicle lightning protection device solves the lightning protection problem of vehicle under resting state, but its drawback is: first vehicle must be stopped, and next needs to imbed dead earth body.Obviously, this device cannot solve the lightning protection problem of vehicle in motion process.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is: for above-mentioned Problems existing, provides a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device.
Vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device in the present invention comprises arrester and fluid conductive medium ground unit; Grounded metal electric conductor and the described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler of described arrester conduct electricity and to be connected or grounding connection conductor that grounded metal electric conductor and the conducting medium being positioned at described fluid conductive medium ground unit of arrester sprays covering space conducts electricity and is connected;
Described fluid conductive medium ground unit comprises thunder and lightning signal detection module and conducting medium sprinkling module; Described thunder and lightning signal detection module is used for detecting that the thunder and lightning signal time control conducting medium sprinkling module being greater than secure threshold sprays conducting medium and between the grounded metal electric conductor of arrester and the earth, forms charge discharging resisting passage to make described conducting medium.
Preferably, described arrester is Frank crop type lightning rod, Optimization-type lightning rod, ambipolar lightning rod, sudden strain of a muscle shield type lightning rod, ESE discharging in advance type lightning rod or bipolar Optimization-type lightning rod.
Preferably, described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler or its spray mouth can be single port column, many oral pillars shape, single port horn-like or many mouthfuls horn-like.
Preferably, the grounding connection conductor that grounded metal electric conductor and the described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler of described arrester or the conducting medium that is positioned at described fluid conductive medium ground unit spray covering space is connected by downlead.
Preferably, solid earth electrode is also comprised; Described solid earth electrode is embedded in underground, and the earth connection of solid earth electrode is exposed on the ground of conducting medium sprinkling covering of fluid conductive medium ground unit.
Preferably, the thunder and lightning signal that described thunder and lightning signal detection module detects comprises lightning discharge current signal, corona current signal, lightning voltage signal, thunder and lightning electric field signal or thunder and lightning field signal.
Preferably, conducting medium sprinkling module comprises conducting medium reservoir vessel and sprinkler; Conducting medium enters reservoir vessel by inlet port control valve, and described sprinkler is by sprinkler control valve and conducting medium reservoir vessel UNICOM; Described inlet port control valve or sprinkler control valve conducting or shutoff and then realize starting or stop to spray conducting medium under the control of thunder and lightning detection signal module.
Preferably, arrester is installed on roof, fluid conductive medium ground unit is installed on the tailstock, sprinkler is opening down, conduct electricity with arrester grounded metal electric conductor the grounding connection conductor be connected be installed on the tailstock and be positioned on same vertical straight line with sprinkler opening, probe and the wire be connected between arrester grounded metal electric conductor and grounding connection conductor of fluid conductive medium ground unit couple.
Preferably, arrester is installed on roof, the sprinkler of fluid conductive medium ground unit is installed on the tailstock, sprinkler is opening down, conduct electricity with arrester grounded metal electric conductor the grounding connection conductor be connected be installed on the tailstock and be positioned on same vertical straight line with sprinkler opening, other parts of fluid conductive medium ground unit are installed on roof.
Present invention also offers another kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device, it is characterized in that, comprise arrester and fluid conductive medium ground unit; Grounded metal electric conductor and the described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler of described arrester conduct electricity and to be connected or grounding connection conductor that grounded metal electric conductor and the conducting medium being positioned at described fluid conductive medium ground unit of arrester sprays covering space conducts electricity and is connected;
Described fluid conductive medium ground unit comprises Lightning Warning signal receiving module and conducting medium sprinkling module; Described Lightning Warning signal receiving module detects the Lightning Warning signal that provides of early warning mechanism for receiving thunder and lightning and exports ground connection control signal to conducting medium sprinkling module;
Conducting medium sprinkling module is used for spraying conducting medium when receiving effective ground connection control signal and between the grounded metal electric conductor of arrester and the earth, forms charge discharging resisting passage to make described conducting medium.
In sum, owing to have employed technique scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device disclosed by the invention is the guiding channel that thunder and lightning provides charge discharging resisting; vehicle is damaged when preventing thunder and lightning from finding passage in car body; simultaneously when thunder and lightning of releasing; clamp down on the voltage at the bottom of car and between the earth; more effectively protect vehicle; therefore better protecting effect, particularly solve the lightning protection problem of vehicle in motion process further
2, vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention, by difference configuration, realize different functions, application is wider;
3, use when having a scheme of Franklin lightning rod, Optimization-type lightning rod and discharging in advance type lightning rod, suitably can increase impedance, the amplitude of restriction lightning current and steepness, reduce the Lightning Electromagnetic Pulse given off, and slackens earth potential counterattack;
When 4, using the scheme having and dodge shield type lightning rod and bipolar sexual type lightning rod, the electric charge being transported to lightning rod is more lasting and balanced, ensures the stability of electric charge on lightning rod, strengthens the function of this lightning rod;
5, when the present invention and earth band combinationally use, greatly can improve the situation of imperfect earth during vehicle use earth band, reduce the requirement to earth band;
6, energy control channel of the present invention builds, and solves the temporary grounding problem in vehicle stop situation temporarily further;
7, owing to introducing meteorological data, be more conducive to the preparation that properly protects in advance, reach better protection effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the basic structure block diagram of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the first embodiment circuit structure diagram of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device the second embodiment circuit structure diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the third embodiment circuit theory diagrams of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the first circuit structure diagram of the third embodiment of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the third embodiment the second circuit structure diagram of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the third circuit structure diagram of the third embodiment of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention 4th kind of embodiment circuit theory diagrams;
Fig. 9 is a kind of circuit structure diagram of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention 4th kind of embodiment;
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's typical apply in lightning protection system;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's another typical apply in lightning protection system;
Figure 12 is thunder and lightning signal detection module first embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 13 is thunder and lightning signal detection module second embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 14 is thunder and lightning signal detection module the 3rd embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 15 is thunder and lightning signal detection module the 4th embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 16 is thunder and lightning signal detection module the 5th embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 17 is thunder and lightning signal detection module the 6th embodiment of the present invention;
Figure 18 is conducting medium spray unit first embodiment block diagram in earthing device of the present invention;
Figure 19 is conducting medium spray unit second embodiment block diagram in earthing device of the present invention;
Figure 20 is conducting medium spray unit the 3rd embodiment block diagram in earthing device of the present invention;
Figure 21 is conducting medium spray unit the 4th embodiment block diagram in earthing device of the present invention;
Figure 22 is conducting medium spray unit the 5th embodiment block diagram in earthing device of the present invention;
Figure 23 is conducting medium storage container example structure figure of the present invention.
Mark in figure: arrester 1, fluid conductive medium ground unit 2, the sprinkler 3 of fluid conductive medium ground unit, the probe 4 of fluid conductive medium ground unit, downlead 5, grounding connection conductor 6, fluid conductive medium 7, the air storage tank 8 of vehicle, the storage tank 9 of vehicle, air compressor 10, solid earth electrode 11, melt pit 12.
Embodiment
All features disclosed in this specification, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Arbitrary feature disclosed in this specification, unless specifically stated otherwise, all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is, unless specifically stated otherwise, each feature is an example in a series of equivalence or similar characteristics.
As Fig. 1, the vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device in the present invention comprises arrester and fluid conductive medium ground unit.The metallic conductor of described arrester ground connection is connected to fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler or its sprinkling mouth position is on the grounding connection conductor of sprinkling covering space, and direct lightning strike electric discharge is accepted in the effect of described arrester.Described fluid conductive medium ground unit comprises control signal output module and conducting medium sprinkling module, described control signal output module exports ground connection control signal to conducting medium sprinkling module, described conducting medium sprinkling module is used for storing fluid conducting medium, and for completing the sprinkling action consistent with ground connection control signal when receiving ground connection control signal, when ground connection control signal is effective, conducting medium sprinkling module sprays the fluid conductive medium of its internal reservoir to the space between described grounding connection conductor and the earth, between grounding connection conductor and the earth, charge discharging resisting passage is formed to make described conducting medium, lightning current thus through arrester, sprinkler or its sprinkling mouth position are in the grounding connection conductor spraying covering space, fluid conductive medium is released greatly.
Fig. 2, is the first embodiment of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention, comprises arrester 1, fluid conductive medium ground unit 2.The metallic conductor of described arrester 1 ground connection is connected on the capacitor probe of fluid conductive medium ground unit 2 inside; described arrester 1 is Frank crop type lightning rod; the effect of described arrester is when electric field strength arrives greatly the degree of thunder discharge; undertaking direct lightning strike discharges; utilization itself is placed in the position higher than protected object; more being struck by lightning of high probability, thus protection protected object exempts from thunderbolt.
Fig. 3, it is vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device the second embodiment of the present invention, described arrester 1 is Optimization-type lightning rod, it acts on electric field strength when arriving greatly the degree of thunder discharge, undertaking direct lightning strike discharges, because lightning rod itself has impedance flow-restriction, automatic control unit, in advance amplitude of lightning current, steepness can be reduced, thus can effectively suppress and slacken the harm that earth potential is strikeed back and lightning induction causes.The probe 4 of described fluid conductive medium ground unit is arranged on arrester 1 inside, and described probe type is current probe, and its effect gathers corona current signal.
As Fig. 4, be the third embodiment circuit theory of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention, comprise arrester, downlead and fluid conductive medium ground unit.The metallic conductor of described arrester ground connection is connected to one end of downlead, and direct lightning strike electric discharge is accepted in arrester effect.The other end of described downlead is connected to fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler or its sprinkling mouth position is on the grounding connection conductor of sprinkling covering space, and the effect of described downlead is in the grounding connection conductor of sprinkling covering space the sprinkling mouth position that lightning current conducts to fluid conductive medium ground unit or fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler from arrester.Described fluid conductive medium ground unit comprises thunder and lightning signal detection module and conducting medium sprinkling module, described thunder and lightning signal detection module exports ground connection control signal to conducting medium sprinkling module, described conducting medium sprinkling module is used for storing fluid conducting medium, and for completing the sprinkling action consistent with ground connection control signal when receiving ground connection control signal, when ground connection control signal is effective, conducting medium sprinkling module sprays the fluid conductive medium of its internal reservoir to the space between described grounding connection conductor and the earth, between grounding connection conductor and the earth, charge discharging resisting passage is formed to make described conducting medium, lightning current thus through arrester, downlead, sprinkler or its sprinkling mouth position are in the grounding connection conductor spraying covering space, fluid conductive medium is released greatly.
As Fig. 5, it is the first circuit structure of the third embodiment of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention, the metallic conductor of described arrester 1 ground connection is connected to one end of downlead 5, described arrester 1 dodges shield type lightning rod, it is a kind of modified model of bipolar pin, its effect is by bipolar space charge discharging, dispersion technology, change the distribution of electric charge around lightning rod, reach reduction thunder and lightning arriving hour hands top electric field strength, improve the object connecing lightning pressure, when electric field strength arrives greatly the degree of thunder discharge, accept direct lightning strike electric discharge.Be connected to sprinkler or grounding connection conductor 6 after the probe 4 of described downlead 5 other end middle serial fluid conducting medium ground unit, the effect of described downlead is conducted to grounding connection conductor from arrester by lightning current.
As Fig. 6, it is the third embodiment the second circuit structure of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention, the metallic conductor of described arrester 1 ground connection is connected to one end of downlead 5, described arrester 1 is ESE discharging in advance type lightning rod, it acts on the combination by a pulse transformer and oscillator, initiatively trigger high-voltage pulse signal, discharge a large amount of electron ion in advance, the upward leader formed walks in advance and even connects sudden strain of a muscle with the descending leader from thundercloud in up to a hundred meters of away from the tens of rice of lightning rod, connect the sudden strain of a muscle time than Franklin lightning rod greatly to shift to an earlier date, reduce the danger that protected object suffers lightning damage.When electric field strength arrives greatly the degree of thunder discharge, accept direct lightning strike electric discharge.The other end of described downlead 5 is connected to sprinkler 3 or grounding connection conductor 6 simultaneously, and the effect of described downlead is that lightning current is conducted to the earth from arrester.
As Fig. 7, it is the third circuit structure of the third embodiment of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention, the metallic conductor of described arrester 1 ground connection is connected to one end of downlead 5, described arrester 1 is bipolar space charge discharging dispersion type lightning conductor, its effect is the corona discharge stage before thunderbolt occurs, under thundercloud electric field action, ambipolar lightning rod produces the corona current more much bigger than Franklin lightning rod, improve voltage required when there are electric discharge phenomena, it is made to decrease lightning strike probability to a certain extent, avoid the generation of thunderbolt, when electric field strength arrives greatly the degree of thunder discharge, undertaking direct lightning strike discharges.The other end of described downlead 5 is connected on fluid conductive medium ground unit 2, and the effect of described downlead is conducted to fluid conductive medium ground unit 2 from arrester by lightning current.Shell and the sprinkler 3 of described fluid conductive medium ground unit 2 are electric conducting material, and electric current can flow to sprinkler 3 from the shell of fluid conductive medium ground unit 2.
As Fig. 8, be vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention 4th kind of embodiment circuit theory, comprise arrester, downlead, fluid conductive medium ground unit and solid earth electrode.The metallic conductor of described arrester ground connection is connected to one end of downlead, and direct lightning strike electric discharge is accepted in arrester effect.The other end of described downlead is connected to fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler or its sprinkling mouth position is on the grounding connection conductor of sprinkling covering space, and the effect of described downlead is in the grounding connection conductor of sprinkling covering space the sprinkling mouth position that lightning current conducts to fluid conductive medium ground unit or fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler from arrester.The sprinkling mouth that solid earth electrode imbeds described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler can spray the geographical position of covering, and reserves earth connection on the ground, and described solid earth electrode is for conducting lightning current and being scattered into the earth.Described fluid conductive medium ground unit comprises thunder and lightning signal detection module and conducting medium sprinkling module, described thunder and lightning signal detection module exports ground connection control signal to conducting medium sprinkling module, described conducting medium sprinkling module is used for storing fluid conducting medium, and for completing the sprinkling action consistent with ground connection control signal when receiving ground connection control signal, when ground connection control signal is effective, conducting medium sprinkling module sprays the fluid conductive medium of its internal reservoir to the space between described grounding connection conductor and solid earth electrode, between grounding connection conductor and solid earth electrode, charge discharging resisting passage is formed to make described conducting medium.Lightning current thus through arrester, downlead, sprinkler or its spray mouth position be in spray the grounding connection conductor of covering space, solid earth electrode releases the earth.
As Fig. 9, it is a kind of circuit structure of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device of the present invention 4th kind of embodiment, the metallic conductor of described arrester 1 ground connection is connected to one end of downlead 5, described arrester 1 is bipolar Optimization-type lightning rod, and its effect is that the low improvement thunder and lightning dodging probability nature and optimized lightning rod that connects having bipolar pin concurrently connects the characteristic of flashing journey, reducing lightning induction, reducing earth potential counterattack.Connect dodge the prerequisite of probability lower than Franklin lightning rod under make protected object from the damage of direct lightning strike, when electric field strength arrive greatly the degree of thunder discharge, accept direct lightning strike and discharge.Described downlead 5 other end is connected to grounding connection conductor 6, and the effect of described downlead is conducted to grounding connection conductor from arrester by lightning current.
In addition to the embodiments described above, present invention also offers a kind of thunderstorm electricity protective device based on existing Meteorology Forecast System, in this embodiment, utilize the thunder and lightning signal detection module that Lightning Warning signal receiving module replaces in above-described embodiment.
Described Lightning Warning signal receiving module detects the Lightning Warning signal that provides of early warning mechanism for receiving thunder and lightning and exports ground connection control signal to conducting medium sprinkling module.
Conducting medium sprinkling module is used for spraying conducting medium when receiving effective ground connection control signal and between the grounded metal electric conductor of arrester and the earth, forms charge discharging resisting passage to make described conducting medium.
It is a branch of meteorological system that thunder and lightning detects early warning mechanism, and primary responsibility detects thunder and lightning and also carries out early warning, can produce people when detecting, live hurtful thunder and lightning signal time, Lightning Warning signal can be sent by the mode of radio signal.
Lightning Warning signal receiving module in the present embodiment comprises reception of wireless signals module and microprocessor, reception of wireless signals module is for receiving Lightning Warning signal and being transferred to microprocessor, and microprocessor sends effective ground connection control signal after receiving Lightning Warning signal.
Figure 10 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's typical apply in lightning conductor system; The arrester 1 of each embodiment above-mentioned is installed on roof, fluid conductive medium ground unit is installed on the tailstock, sprinkler is opening down, conduct electricity with arrester ground metal conductors the grounding connection conductor 6 be connected also be installed on the tailstock and be positioned on same vertical straight line with sprinkler opening, probe 4 and the wire be connected between arrester ground metal conductors and grounding connection conductor of fluid conductive medium ground unit couple.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of the present invention's another typical apply in thunderstorm electricity protective device.The arrester 1 of each embodiment above-mentioned is installed on roof, the sprinkler 3 of fluid conductive medium ground unit is installed on the tailstock, sprinkler is opening down, conducts electricity the grounding connection conductor 6 be connected also be installed on the tailstock and be positioned on same vertical straight line with sprinkler opening with arrester ground metal conductors.Other parts of fluid conductive medium ground unit are installed on roof.
The thunder and lightning signal detection module mentioned in each embodiment above-mentioned can have following several form.
As Figure 12, comprise probe, signal processing circuit and ground connection control signal in the first embodiment of thunder and lightning signal detection module of the present invention and produce circuit; Described probe is for detecting thunder and lightning signal, and the magnitude of voltage of output-response thunder and lightning signal magnitude, the output of described probe and the input of signal processing circuit couple; Described signal processing circuit is used for carrying out preliminary treatment to thunder and lightning signal, if the process such as filtering, amplification and level conversion are to make subsequent conditioning circuit can better utilize this ground connection triggering signal.The input that the output of described signal processing circuit and ground connection control signal produce circuit couples; Described ground connection control signal produces when the circuit thunder and lightning signal be used for after the pre-treatment is greater than secure threshold and produces and export ground connection control signal to conducting medium sprinkling module.
Described thunder and lightning signal comprises inductor ends voltage signal, capacitor terminal voltage signal, resistor terminal voltage signal and surge protector terminal voltage signal etc. in lightning discharge current signal, corona current signal, protector.
Concrete, Figure 13 is the thunder and lightning signal detection module circuit embodiments detecting lightning discharge current signal.Probe is Luo-coil, through thunder discharge line conductor in the middle of described Luo-coil, as the wire between arrester and sprinkler or grounding connection conductor.Described Luo-coil relies on the principle of the mutual inductance between thunder discharge line conductor to carry out the collection of signal.Collection signal exports to rear stage processing of circuit.Rear stage circuit comprises integrating circuit, linear amplifier circuit, filter circuit and comparison circuit.Integrating circuit receives the signal of telecommunication that Luo-coil exports, after carrying out integration, integral result is exported to linear amplifier circuit, the output of linear amplifier circuit and the input of filter circuit couple, the output of filter circuit and the first input end of comparison circuit couple, second input termination secure threshold voltage source of comparison circuit, comparator exports described effective or invalid ground connection control command according to the magnitude relationship of first input end and the second input.
Figure 14 is the thunder and lightning signal detection module embodiment detecting corona current signal.Probe is wherein resistor, and described resistor string is associated in the middle of thunder discharge circuit, as the wire between arrester and sprinkler or grounding connection conductor.When thunder discharge circuit has corona current to flow through, the terminal voltage of resistor can change.The terminal voltage of resistor exports to rear stage processing of circuit.In the present embodiment, rear stage circuit comprises pre-amplification circuit, linear amplifier circuit, filter circuit and comparison circuit.
Resistor and pre-amplification circuit input couple; Pre-amplification circuit is used for carrying out elementary amplification to described resistor terminal voltage, in general pop one's head in export voltage signal comparatively weak, be generally a millivolt rank, pre-amplification circuit need there is larger input impedance, the impact on signal can be lowered, reduce the distortion of signal.
The output of pre-amplification circuit and the input of linear amplifier circuit couple; Linear amplifier circuit is amplified to described magnitude of voltage the scope that comparison circuit can process further.
The output of linear amplifier circuit and the input of filter circuit couple; Filter circuit is used for the noise in filtering voltage signal.
The output of filter circuit and the first input end of comparator couple; Second input of comparator couples secure threshold voltage source, and comparator is used for exporting described ground connection control command according to the magnitude relationship of first input end voltage and the second input terminal voltage.When the output signal of filter circuit is greater than secure threshold voltage source, it is effectively that comparator exports ground connection control command, otherwise then invalid.
Probe in Figure 15 is capacitor, and this capacitor is connected with the metallic conductor of arrester.The waveform steepness circuit in parallel of signal detection module at the two ends of the capacitor of protector, the voltage signal of described waveform steepness circuit on steepness capacitor.Connect bleeder circuit after described waveform steepness circuit, the signal of described bleeder circuit exports to rear stage processing of circuit, as the comparison circuit in previous embodiment.
Wherein waveform steepness circuit is specially gas discharge tube, and capacitor one end is connected with one end of bleeder circuit by gas discharge tube, and the other end of the capacitor in protector is connected with the bleeder circuit other end.Bleeder circuit can be made up of two or more resistant series, and two resistance points of common connection are bleeder circuit output.When the capacitor terminal voltage in protector is less, gas discharge tube open circuit, bleeder circuit two ends no-voltage, bleeder circuit output voltage is 0, after capacitor terminal voltage is elevated to certain value, gas discharge tube conducting, capacitor terminal voltage is applied on bleeder circuit, and bleeder circuit exports the magnitude of voltage after dividing potential drop.
Figure 16 is the thunder and lightning signal detection module embodiment detecting electric field strength.Wherein probe adopts outsourcing electric field instrument, after electric field instrument detects that in environment, existence exceedes the thunder and lightning electric field signal of secure threshold, export a useful signal, this useful signal is transferred to signaling conversion circuit after circuit after filtering, and this useful signal is converted to the effective grounding control signal of electric form or non-electrical form by signaling conversion circuit.When electric field instrument exports as invalid signals, the invalid signals be considered as during signal in logic as not having, signaling conversion circuit exports invalid ground connection control signal.
Figure 17 is the thunder and lightning signal detection module embodiment detecting magnetic field intensity.Probe wherein adopts outsourcing magnetic field instrument, and the signal of magnetic field instrument exports to rear stage processing of circuit.When existence in environment exceedes the thunder and lightning magnetic field of secure threshold, magnetic field instrument exports useful signal, otherwise exports invalid signals.Rear stage circuit comprises A/D convertor circuit, microprocessor and the signaling conversion circuit that order couples.Microprocessor exports the effective or invalid ground connection control signal of electric form or non-electrical form according to magnetic field instrument output signal control signal change-over circuit.
The conducting medium sprinkling module that previous embodiment is mentioned can have following several form.
As Figure 18, conducting medium sprinkling module comprises conducting medium reservoir vessel, gas path control valve, sprinkler control valve, sprinkler and supervisory instrument.
Described conducting medium reservoir vessel is for storing gaseous state conducting medium; Described conducting medium reservoir vessel is communicated with gas path control valve; Described gas path control valve is connected with the source of the gas of gaseous state conducting medium; Described sprinkler is communicated with described conducting medium reservoir vessel by sprinkler control valve, and described sprinkler control valve is used for opening under the control of the effective or invalid ground connection control command of control signal output module or closing; Described supervisory instrument is used for the pressure of the gaseous state conducting medium in inspection instrument and shows.Described monitor can comprise air pressure detection part, detects the pressure size in memory, then shows force value.
As Figure 19, another embodiment of the conducting medium sprinkling module in the present invention is such: comprise conducting medium reservoir vessel, fluid path control valve, gas path control valve, sprinkler and supervisory instrument.Described conducting medium reservoir vessel is communicated with fluid path control valve, and liquid conducting medium is flowed into by described fluid path control valve and is stored in conducting medium reservoir vessel; Described conducting medium reservoir vessel is also communicated with gas path control valve; Described gas path control valve is connected with air pump, as the air compressor on vehicle; Described sprinkler is communicated with described conducting medium reservoir vessel; Gas path control valve is opened or is turned off under the control of the effective or invalid ground connection control command of control signal output module; When gas path control valve is opened, gas enters conducting medium reservoir vessel, and reservoir vessel internal pressure raises, and liquid conducting medium is sprayed away by sprinkler.Described supervisory instrument is used for the liquid conducting medium capacity in inspection instrument and the pressure in container and shows.
As Figure 20, conducting medium sprinkling module can also be such: comprise conducting medium reservoir vessel, sprinkler control valve and sprinkler.Can storage of water and carbon dioxide in conducting medium reservoir vessel, such as, in 1 individual ponding, dissolve the carbon dioxide being greater than equivalent volumes.Sprinkler control valve is opened or is turned off under the control of the effective or invalid ground connection control command of control signal output module.When sprinkler control valve is opened, the aqueous solution being dissolved with carbon dioxide is sprayed away by sprinkler under the effect of chemical force.
As Figure 21, conducting medium sprinkling module can also be such: comprise liquid pressurizing apparatus, controller and sprinkler.Described liquid pressurizing apparatus has liquid inlet, and liquid conduction medium is entered by liquid inlet, and controller is for controlling liquid pressurizing apparatus work, and sprinkler is communicated with the liquid outlet of liquid pressurizing apparatus.Controller controls starting working of liquid pressurizing apparatus further according to the effective or invalid ground connection control command of control signal output module and quits work.During work, liquid pressurizing apparatus is sprayed away after the liquid conduction medium supercharging of input by sprinkler, and when quitting work, liquid pressurizing apparatus turns off the path of liquid inlet and liquid outlet.Described liquid pressurizing apparatus can be pump.
As Figure 22, conducting medium spray unit comprises reservoir vessel, flow valve, pressure regulating valve, gas path control valve, conductive solids powder container, mixing arrangement, sprinkler control valve and sprinkler.Described reservoir vessel is communicated with described flow valve, and liquid enters reservoir vessel by flow valve.Reservoir vessel is communicated with pressure regulating valve by gas path control valve, and gas is entered in reservoir vessel by pressure regulating valve, gas path control valve.Reservoir vessel is communicated with mixing arrangement, and the liquid in reservoir vessel enters mixing arrangement under the pressurization of gas, and conductive solids powder unit is communicated with mixing arrangement, and conductive solids powder wherein can enter mixing arrangement.Mixing arrangement is used for allocating pressed powder and liquid according to a certain percentage, makes it form suspension-turbid liquid.Mixing arrangement is also communicated with sprinkler by sprinkler control valve.Sprinkler control valve is used for opening under the control of the effective or invalid ground connection control command of control signal module or turning off.When sprinkler control valve is opened, the suspension-turbid liquid being mixed with conductive solids powder is sprayed away by sprinkler.The present embodiment is used for the occasion of conducting medium situ configuration.
The fluid conductive medium mentioned in above-described embodiment can be gaseous state, liquid state or the suspension-turbid liquid that mixed by conductive solids powder and liquid, can be specifically following a few class:
A, running water, mineral water, rainwater.
B, antistatic agent
Cationic antistatic agent: the active part of molecule is cation, mainly comprises amine salt solution, quaternary ammonium salt alkyl amino acid salting liquid etc., is mainly quarternary ammonium salt compound solution, as: alkyl tertiary amine chloride solution; Alkyl tertiary amine nitrate solution; Alkyl tertiary amine sulfuric acid solution; Alkyl tertiary amine phosphate solution.
Anionic antistatic agent: the active part of molecule is anion, comprising alkyl sulfonic acid salting liquid, sulfate liquor, phosphoric acid derivatives solution, higher fatty acids salting liquid, carboxylic acid salt solution.Cationic moiety mostly is the ion, ammonium, organic amine, amino alcohol etc. of alkali metal or alkaline-earth metal.
Non-ionic antistatic agent: mainly contain the compound solution such as macrogol ester or ethers solution, polyol fatty acid ester solution, fatty acid alkanol amides solution, fatty amine ethyoxyl ether.
C, conduction liquid also can be the powder of conductor material and the suspension-turbid liquid of liquid composition.As: metal system conductive agent: as silver powder, copper powder, nickel powder etc.
Burning system conductive agent: as nanometer antimony-doped stannic oxide (ATO), iron oxide, zinc oxide, titanium dioxide etc.
Carbon series conductive agent material: as carbon black, graphite etc.
Combined conductive agent: as composite powder and composite fibre.
As Figure 23, conducting medium reservoir vessel can use the container of band storage compression functions.As bellows pressure storage and diaphragm type pressure storage.On the one hand, gas and conducting medium different spaces, conducting medium is purer, guarantees parameter stability.On the other hand, when the external world does not have air pressure, because there is storage pressure, therefore can interim voltage supply.
Described sprinkler can have been bought on the market, also can according to sprinkling morphological requirements self manufacture.Select or make different sprinklers by oneself, selecting suitable sprinkler, and then the state of the conducting medium sprayed out can be controlled.As sprinkler or its spray mouth can be single port column, many oral pillars shape, single port horn-like or many mouthfuls horn-like, conducting medium is with column ejection or horn-like ejection.
Suitable container pressure and sprinkler can be selected through many experiments, make the conducting medium liquid that sprays out form multiply columnar shape and be more conducive to realizing by protection object and fully contacting greatly.
The embodiment of above-mentioned various arrester, conducting medium sprinkling module, thunder and lightning signal detection module can combination in any, and arrester can be other arresters except above-mentioned several outer those skilled in the art it will also be appreciated that.
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid embodiment, and the present invention expands to any new feature of disclosing in this manual or any combination newly, and the step of the arbitrary new method disclosed or process or any combination newly.
Claims (10)
1. a vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device, is characterized in that, comprises arrester and fluid conductive medium ground unit; Grounded metal electric conductor and the described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler of described arrester conduct electricity and to be connected or grounding connection conductor that grounded metal electric conductor and the conducting medium being positioned at described fluid conductive medium ground unit of arrester sprays covering space conducts electricity and is connected;
Described fluid conductive medium ground unit comprises thunder and lightning signal detection module and conducting medium sprinkling module; Described thunder and lightning signal detection module is used for detecting that the thunder and lightning signal time control conducting medium sprinkling module being greater than secure threshold sprays conducting medium and between the grounded metal electric conductor of arrester and the earth, forms charge discharging resisting passage to make described conducting medium.
2. a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described arrester is Frank crop type lightning rod, Optimization-type lightning rod, ambipolar lightning rod, sudden strain of a muscle shield type lightning rod or ESE discharging in advance type lightning rod.
3. a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the sprinkling mouth of described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler can be single port column, many oral pillars shape, single port horn-like or many mouthfuls horn-like.
4. a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the grounding connection conductor that the grounded metal electric conductor of described arrester and described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler or the conducting medium being positioned at described fluid conductive medium ground unit spray covering space is connected by downlead.
5. a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, also comprise solid earth electrode; Described solid earth electrode is embedded in underground, and the earth connection of solid earth electrode is exposed on the ground of conducting medium sprinkling covering of fluid conductive medium ground unit.
6. a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the thunder and lightning signal that described thunder and lightning signal detection module detects comprises lightning discharge current signal, corona current signal, lightning voltage signal, thunder and lightning electric field signal or thunder and lightning field signal.
7. a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, conducting medium sprinkling module comprises conducting medium reservoir vessel and sprinkler; Conducting medium enters reservoir vessel by inlet port control valve, and described sprinkler is communicated with conducting medium reservoir vessel by sprinkler control valve; Described inlet port control valve or sprinkler control valve conducting or shutoff and then realize starting or stop to spray conducting medium under the control of thunder and lightning detection signal module.
8. a vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device, is characterized in that, comprises arrester and fluid conductive medium ground unit; Grounded metal electric conductor and the described fluid conductive medium ground unit sprinkler of described arrester conduct electricity and to be connected or grounding connection conductor that grounded metal electric conductor and the conducting medium being positioned at described fluid conductive medium ground unit of arrester sprays covering space conducts electricity and is connected;
Described fluid conductive medium ground unit comprises Lightning Warning signal receiving module and conducting medium sprinkling module; Described Lightning Warning signal receiving module detects the Lightning Warning signal that provides of early warning mechanism for receiving thunder and lightning and exports ground connection control signal to conducting medium sprinkling module;
Conducting medium sprinkling module is used for spraying conducting medium when receiving effective ground connection control signal and between the grounded metal electric conductor of arrester and the earth, forms charge discharging resisting passage to make described conducting medium.
9. a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device according to claim 1 ~ 8 any one, it is characterized in that, arrester is installed on roof, fluid conductive medium ground unit is installed on the tailstock, sprinkler is opening down, conduct electricity with arrester grounded metal electric conductor the grounding connection conductor be connected be installed on the tailstock and be positioned on same vertical straight line with sprinkler opening, probe and the wire be connected between arrester grounded metal electric conductor and grounding connection conductor of fluid conductive medium ground unit couple.
10. a kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device according to claim 1 ~ 8 any one, it is characterized in that, arrester is installed on roof, the sprinkler of fluid conductive medium ground unit is installed on the tailstock, sprinkler is opening down, conduct electricity with arrester grounded metal electric conductor the grounding connection conductor be connected be installed on the tailstock and be positioned on same vertical straight line with sprinkler opening, other parts of fluid conductive medium ground unit are installed on roof.
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| CN201310676248.5A CN103715680B (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | A kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device |
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| CN201310676248.5A CN103715680B (en) | 2013-12-11 | 2013-12-11 | A kind of vehicle thunderstorm electricity protective device |
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| CN103715680B true CN103715680B (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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| CN105160890B (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2018-03-02 | 深圳市赛格导航技术有限公司 | Vehicle speed detection system and method |
| CN105552591B (en) * | 2015-08-07 | 2017-10-27 | 国电联合动力技术有限公司 | Easy care earthing of lightening arrester |
| CN106654864A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-05-10 | 中国人民解放军军械工程学院 | Early warning and protection integrated maneuvering lightning protection and monitoring platform and method |
| CN109103863B (en) * | 2018-08-15 | 2020-04-24 | 郭伟 | Displacement current-based variable capacitance type lightning electromagnetic neutralizer |
| CN111092404B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-10-01 | 北京宇航系统工程研究所 | Ground moving type direct lightning protection system |
| CN110943425A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-03-31 | 国网山东省电力公司临沂供电公司 | Lightning arrester for electric power iron tower and use method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1231534A (en) * | 1998-04-06 | 1999-10-13 | 傅辅成 | Water-spraying type arrester |
| CN2651998Y (en) * | 2003-09-26 | 2004-10-27 | 江西五和技术有限公司 | Lightning arrester |
| CN1805218A (en) * | 2005-01-13 | 2006-07-19 | 李新利 | Quick-mounted earthing pole containing resistance-reducing agent |
| CN202797930U (en) * | 2012-06-14 | 2013-03-13 | 株洲普天中普防雷科技有限公司 | Lightning protection system for overall mobile communication vehicle |
| CN203660527U (en) * | 2013-12-11 | 2014-06-18 | 四川中光防雷科技股份有限公司 | Lightning protection device for vehicles |
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