CN103713181A - Tiny current signal detecting device - Google Patents
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- CN103713181A CN103713181A CN201310743456.2A CN201310743456A CN103713181A CN 103713181 A CN103713181 A CN 103713181A CN 201310743456 A CN201310743456 A CN 201310743456A CN 103713181 A CN103713181 A CN 103713181A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tiny current signal detecting device. The tiny current signal detecting device comprises a current frequency switching circuit and a core operational circuit. The current frequency switching circuit comprises a current integration circuit, a threshold control and capacitor charging protective circuit, a program control circuit and a constant current source circuit. The current integration circuit comprises a resistor R, an operational amplifier I and a capacitor C. The threshold control and capacitor charging protective circuit comprises a diode, a resistor and an audion. A control chip of the program control circuit is a CPLD of Xilinx. The constant current source circuit comprises an operational amplifier II, an audion and a resistor. The tiny current signal detecting device does not rely on a sampling resistor, the requirements for the resistors are lowered, the device cost is reduced, and meanwhile the stability of the device is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of current signal detecting device, relate in particular to a kind of Weak current signal supervisory instrument, this device is applicable to the detection of various Weak currents, can be extensively applicable in fields such as medical treatment, navigation, measurements, improve the detectability of equipment.
Background technology
In a lot of fields, all can occur the detection of Weak current signal, detection method mostly in the past is by sampling resistor current signal is converted to voltage signal, by AD chip, digital signal corresponding to voltage signal converts to, then shows or sends; Adopt in addition V_F conversion chip, convert the voltage signal after sampling resistor conversion to frequency signal, then by compute chip, convert frequency signal to current value, show or send.
The testing product relative merits of existing current signal:
1, traditional device of current value that current signal is converted to by sampling resistor and AD chip, its advantage is: circuit is simple, easily realizes.Its shortcoming is: the degree of dependence of sampling resistor is high, requires sampling resistor to have high precision, good temperature characterisitic; Requiring of AD chip is high, and the quality of AD chip has directly determined the precision of equipment; Device cost is high, detect Weak current signal, and sampling resistor and AD chip are had to higher requirement, and high-end like this resistance and AD chip cause the cost of whole equipment to uprise.
2, by sampling resistor, convert current signal to voltage signal, by V_F conversion chip, convert signal to corresponding frequency signal, by chip, carry out frequency counting, finally convert corresponding digital signal to.Although this method has reduced the requirement to chip, still do not break away from the dependence to sampling resistor.Cause the stability of whole equipment to can not get promoting.
Summary of the invention
For above shortcomings part in prior art, the invention provides a kind of Weak current signal supervisory instrument.This Weak current signal supervisory instrument makes the detection of Weak current break away from the dependence to sampling resistor and chip, improves accuracy of detection and the degree of stability of equipment, reduces the cost of this series products.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
Weak current signal supervisory instrument, comprise power frequency change-over circuit and its main operational circuit, current signal input current freq converting circuit, power frequency change-over circuit is converted to frequency signal input core computing circuit, by its main operational circuit, current value is exported, described power frequency change-over circuit comprises current integration circuit, thresholding control and capacitor charging holding circuit, sequence circuit and constant-current source circuit again;
Described current integration circuit comprises resistance R, operational amplifier I and capacitor C; Current signal is connected with one end of resistance R, and the other end of described resistance R is all connected with the negative electrode of operational amplifier I with one end of capacitor C, the plus earth of described operational amplifier I;
Described thresholding is controlled and capacitor charging holding circuit comprises diode VZ, diode VF, resistance R Z1, resistance R Z2, resistance R M1, resistance R M2, resistance R F1, resistance R F2, resistance R M3, resistance R M4, triode VZT and triode VFT; The output terminal of described operational amplifier I is connected with the negative pole of diode VF with the positive pole of diode VZ respectively, the base stage of the negative pole connecting triode VZT of described diode VZ, the collector of described triode VZT is connected with+5V power supply, the emitter of described triode VZT is connected with one end of resistance R Z2, one end of described resistance R Z1 is connected with the base stage of triode VZT, and the other end of described resistance R Z1 is connected with the collector of triode VZT; The positive pole of described diode VF is connected with the base stage of triode VFT, the collector of described triode VFT is connected with-5V power supply, the emitter of described triode VFT is connected with one end of resistance R F2, one end of described resistance R F1 is connected with the base stage of triode VFT, and the other end of described resistance R F1 is connected with the collector of triode VFT; One end of described resistance R M1 is connected with the collector of triode VZT, and the other end of described resistance R M1 is connected with one end of resistance R M2, and one end of described resistance R M4 is connected with the collector of triode VFT, and the other end of resistance R M4 is connected with one end of resistance R M3; The other end of described resistance R Z2 is connected with the other end of resistance R F2, the other end of described resistance R M2 is connected with the other end of resistance R M3, and described resistance R Z2 is connected with the other end of capacitor C respectively with the other end of resistance R M3 with the other end and the resistance R M2 of resistance R F2;
That the control chip of described sequence circuit adopts is the CPLD of Xilinx, and the I/O interface of this chip is accessed in one end of the other end of described resistance R M1 and resistance R M2; The I/O interface of this chip is accessed in one end of the other end of described resistance R M4 and resistance R M3;
Described constant-current source circuit comprises operational amplifier II, triode M1, triode M2, triode M3 and resistance R 1; The anode of described operational amplifier II is connected with 10V power supply, the output terminal of described operational amplifier II is connected with the base stage of triode M3, the collector of described triode M3 is connected with collector with the base stage of triode M1, the negative electrode of described operational amplifier II is connected with the emitter of triode M3, and the emitter of described triode M3 is by resistance R 1 ground connection; The base stage of described triode M1 is connected with the base stage of triode M2, and the emitter of the emitter of described triode M1 and triode M2 is all connected with 15V power supply, and the collector of described triode M2 is connected with one end of resistance R in current integration circuit.
As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, at thresholding control circuit, capacitance voltage is detected and reached after Umax, by sequence circuit, open the opposite current circuit corresponding with input current signal, close input current simultaneously, enter current integration circuit, make electric capacity carry out reverse charging; After reverse charging makes electric capacity both end voltage lower than Umin, by sequence circuit, controlled the input of current integration circuit, close back discharge electric current, open input current, again electric capacity is charged; Control signal in sequence circuit is through processing the output frequency signal corresponding with input current.
Compared with prior art, tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
1, break away from the dependence to sampling resistor, reduced the requirement to resistance, reduced installation cost, improved the stability of device simultaneously.
2, directly current signal is processed, reduced the power consumption impact on tested circuit, improved the accommodation of equipment.
3, adopted integrating circuit to process current signal, avoided using AD conversion chip or V_F conversion chip in traditional detection device, broken away from the impact that precision is limited by chip, reduced installation cost, and improved real-time and the accuracy of input.
4, adopted electric capacity holding circuit, the reliability of device is got a promotion.
5, selected band-gap reference bias current sources as inner constant current source, the temperature characterisitic of device and stability are got a promotion.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of Weak current signal supervisory instrument;
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of power frequency change-over circuit;
Fig. 3 is current integration circuit figure;
Fig. 4 is that thresholding is controlled and capacitor charging holding circuit figure;
Fig. 5 is constant-current source circuit figure;
Fig. 6 is the signal mode graphoid of power frequency change-over circuit.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
As shown in Figure 1, Weak current signal supervisory instrument, comprises power frequency change-over circuit and its main operational circuit, current signal input current freq converting circuit, power frequency change-over circuit is converted to frequency signal input core computing circuit, then by its main operational circuit, current value is exported.
Power frequency change-over circuit comprises current integration circuit, thresholding control and capacitor charging holding circuit, sequence circuit and constant-current source circuit, as shown in Figure 2.
As shown in Figure 3, current integration circuit comprises resistance R, operational amplifier I and capacitor C to current integration circuit.Current signal is connected with one end of resistance R, and the other end of resistance R is all connected with the negative electrode of operational amplifier I with one end of capacitor C, the plus earth of operational amplifier I.Adopt BiMOS operational amplifier 7F3140 as the amplifier part of integrating circuit, 7F3140 has high input impedance, low-down input current, lower specified input offset voltage.The computing formula of integrating circuit is: out_V=1/C * ∫ in_I*dt.
Thresholding control and capacitor charging holding circuit are as shown in Figure 4; thresholding is controlled and capacitor charging holding circuit comprises diode VZ, diode VF, resistance R Z1, resistance R Z2, resistance R M1, resistance R M2, resistance R F1, resistance R F2, resistance R M3, resistance R M4, triode VZT and triode VFT.The output terminal of operational amplifier I is connected with the negative pole of diode VF with the positive pole of diode VZ respectively, the base stage of the negative pole connecting triode VZT of diode VZ, the collector of triode VZT is connected with+5V power supply, the emitter of described triode VZT is connected with one end of resistance R Z2, one end of resistance R Z1 is connected with the base stage of triode VZT, and the other end of resistance R Z1 is connected with the collector of triode VZT.The positive pole of diode VF is connected with the base stage of triode VFT, the collector of triode VFT is connected with-5V power supply, the emitter of triode VFT is connected with one end of resistance R F2, and one end of resistance R F1 is connected with the base stage of triode VFT, and the other end of resistance R F1 is connected with the collector of triode VFT.One end of resistance R M1 is connected with the collector of triode VZT, and the other end of resistance R M1 is connected with one end of resistance R M2, and one end of resistance R M4 is connected with the collector of triode VFT, and the other end of resistance R M4 is connected with one end of resistance R M3.The other end of resistance R Z2 is connected with the other end of resistance R F2, the other end of resistance R M2 is connected with the other end of resistance R M3, and the other end of resistance R Z2 is connected with the other end of capacitor C respectively with the other end of resistance R M3 with the other end of resistance R F2 and the other end of resistance R M2.Thresholding is controlled and the Main Function of capacitor charging holding circuit is to prevent that integrating circuit from discharging and recharging excessively, simultaneously external out gate limited signal.Thresholding control circuit groundwork principle: when input signal enters circuit, by two diodes (VZ, VF), signal is carried out to forward and reverse shunting; Positive signal enters the base stage of triode VZT, and negative signal enters the base stage of triode VFT; When the charging of forward (oppositely) signal acquires a certain degree, triode VZT(VFT) cut-off, make circuit stop capacitor C charging; Prevent that capacitor C is overcharged, cause capacitance damage.
That the control chip of sequence circuit adopts is the CPLD(XC9536 of Xilinx), the I/O interface of this chip is accessed in one end of the other end of resistance R M1 and resistance R M2.The I/O interface of this chip is accessed in one end of the other end of resistance R M4 and resistance R M3.
As shown in Figure 5, constant-current source circuit comprises operational amplifier II, triode M1, triode M2, triode M3 and resistance R 1 to constant-current source circuit.The anode of operational amplifier II is connected with 10V power supply, the output terminal of operational amplifier II is connected with the base stage of triode M3, the collector of triode M3 is connected with collector with the base stage of triode M1, the negative electrode of operational amplifier II is connected with the emitter of triode M3, and the emitter of triode M3 is by resistance R 1 ground connection.The base stage of triode M1 is connected with the base stage of triode M2, and the emitter of the emitter of triode M1 and triode M2 is connected with 15V power supply, and the collector of triode M2 is connected with one end of resistance R in current integration circuit by analog switch.
The principle of work of power frequency change-over circuit is as follows:
1, first current signal enters current integration circuit, and by current integration circuit, at electric capacity two ends, charging produces voltage.
2, by thresholding control circuit, capacitance voltage is detected, reach Umax(by circuit design threshold value) after by sequence circuit, open the opposite current circuit corresponding with input current signal, close input current simultaneously, enter current integration circuit, make electric capacity carry out reverse charging.
3, when reverse charging makes electric capacity both end voltage, lower than Umin(, pass through circuit design threshold value) after, by sequence circuit, controlled the input of integrating circuit, close back discharge electric current, open input current, again electric capacity is charged.
4, repeat the step of 1-3, the control signal in sequence circuit, through processing output, is become to the frequency signal corresponding with input current.
5,, in charge and discharge process, if there is not response in time of sequence circuit, overcharging probably appears in electric capacity, causes the overtension at electric capacity two ends, and then damages circuit.So added capacitor charging holding circuit in current integration circuit, prevent that electric capacity from overcharging, concrete holding circuit is shown in Fig. 4.
The signal imitation of power frequency change-over circuit, as Fig. 6, can find out in Fig. 6, and the cycle of gating pulse is subject to the impact of input current signal I_in size.
The control chip of sequence circuit is supported parallel processing, can multiple signals be detected, be controlled simultaneously, and each other without delay, can be good at meeting the requirement of real-time of system; The pin time delay of this chip is simultaneously very short, can carry out rapid reaction, makes system have good real-time and accuracy.Threshold detection in program design adopts along trigger mode, in order to remove the impact of noise, has added software filtering in program, has improved detection degree of accuracy; In order to remove the impact of input signal on reverse charging, in program, the opening and closing of input signal have been done to corresponding control, make system during charging and discharging, only be subject to the impact of single signal, be not subject to the interference between signal to make the result of measuring occur relatively large deviation.
Constant-current source circuit Major Difficulties is this current source need to be designed to the stable constant current source that not affected by resistance and temperature.This circuit adopts be band-gap reference bias current sources as the main power source chip of constant current source, the constant current source of designing like this has good temperature characterisitic and stability, makes the temperature characterisitic of entire system and stability have larger lifting.The precision of constant current source is determined by the precision of reference source output voltage, and its temperature coefficient is very little, meet the requirement that system hypothermia floats, as long as there is high-precision reference source simultaneously, just can improve the steady current of degree of precision, be that system can obtain higher measuring accuracy.
Its main operational circuit adopts single-chip microcomputer or DSP to gather frequency signal, then utilizes correlation parameter and algorithm to carry out computing, and frequency signal is converted into corresponding current value, externally output display.Here require the frequency acquisition of single-chip microcomputer or DSP will be higher than the frequency of frequency signal.The current value conversing is like this just more accurate.
This device has utilized the characteristic of capacitor charge and discharge, by tiny signal process current integration circuit, through thresholding control circuit Detection capacitance, discharge and recharge the threshold value that whether reaches setting, by sequence circuit, control the input of current signal and reverse discharge current, electric capacity is changed between charging and discharging, formed the frequency signal corresponding with size of current; By its main operational circuit, current value corresponding to frequency signal converting to exports.This device can be real-time the current value that detects Weak current, more existing current detection circuit has higher stability, real-time, and cost is relatively low, wide accommodation.
Finally explanation is, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from aim and the scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. Weak current signal supervisory instrument, comprise power frequency change-over circuit and its main operational circuit, current signal input current freq converting circuit, power frequency change-over circuit is converted to frequency signal input core computing circuit, by its main operational circuit, current value is exported again, be it is characterized in that: described power frequency change-over circuit comprises current integration circuit, thresholding control and capacitor charging holding circuit, sequence circuit and constant-current source circuit;
Described current integration circuit comprises resistance R, operational amplifier I and capacitor C; Current signal is connected with one end of resistance R, and the other end of described resistance R is all connected with the negative electrode of operational amplifier I with one end of capacitor C, the plus earth of described operational amplifier I;
Described thresholding is controlled and capacitor charging holding circuit comprises diode VZ, diode VF, resistance R Z1, resistance R Z2, resistance R M1, resistance R M2, resistance R F1, resistance R F2, resistance R M3, resistance R M4, triode VZT and triode VFT; The output terminal of described operational amplifier I is connected with the negative pole of diode VF with the positive pole of diode VZ respectively, the base stage of the negative pole connecting triode VZT of described diode VZ, the collector of described triode VZT is connected with+5V power supply, the emitter of described triode VZT is connected with one end of resistance R Z2, one end of described resistance R Z1 is connected with the base stage of triode VZT, and the other end of described resistance R Z1 is connected with the collector of triode VZT; The positive pole of described diode VF is connected with the base stage of triode VFT, the collector of described triode VFT is connected with-5V power supply, the emitter of described triode VFT is connected with one end of resistance R F2, one end of described resistance R F1 is connected with the base stage of triode VFT, and the other end of described resistance R F1 is connected with the collector of triode VFT; One end of described resistance R M1 is connected with the collector of triode VZT, and the other end of described resistance R M1 is connected with one end of resistance R M2, and one end of described resistance R M4 is connected with the collector of triode VFT, and the other end of resistance R M4 is connected with one end of resistance R M3; The other end of described resistance R Z2 is connected with the other end of resistance R F2, the other end of described resistance R M2 is connected with the other end of resistance R M3, and described resistance R Z2 is connected with the other end of capacitor C respectively with the other end of resistance R M3 with the other end and the resistance R M2 of resistance R F2;
That the control chip of described sequence circuit adopts is the CPLD of Xilinx, and the I/O interface of this chip is accessed in one end of the other end of described resistance R M1 and resistance R M2; The I/O interface of this chip is accessed in one end of the other end of described resistance R M4 and resistance R M3;
Described constant-current source circuit comprises operational amplifier II, triode M1, triode M2, triode M3 and resistance R 1; The anode of described operational amplifier II is connected with 10V power supply, the output terminal of described operational amplifier II is connected with the base stage of triode M3, the collector of described triode M3 is connected with collector with the base stage of triode M1, the negative electrode of described operational amplifier II is connected with the emitter of triode M3, and the emitter of described triode M3 is by resistance R 1 ground connection; The base stage of described triode M1 is connected with the base stage of triode M2, and the emitter of the emitter of described triode M1 and triode M2 is all connected with 15V power supply, and the collector of described triode M2 is connected with one end of resistance R in current integration circuit.
2. Weak current signal supervisory instrument according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: at thresholding control circuit, capacitance voltage is detected and reached after Umax, by sequence circuit, open the opposite current circuit corresponding with input current signal, close input current simultaneously, enter current integration circuit, make electric capacity carry out reverse charging; After reverse charging makes electric capacity both end voltage lower than Umin, by sequence circuit, controlled the input of current integration circuit, close back discharge electric current, open input current, again electric capacity is charged; Control signal in sequence circuit is through processing the output frequency signal corresponding with input current.
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| CN104597316A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-06 | 聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司 | Weak current detecting device and method |
| CN104793045A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Wide-range current frequency converter |
| CN106053930A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-26 | 西北核技术研究所 | Switch-free weak-signal synchronization integration measurement apparatus and measurement method resisting random noise |
| CN106888022A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-23 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | A kind of high-resolution current/frequency conversion circuit |
| CN107238746A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-10 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of micro current circuit tested for dielectric response |
| CN107703351A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-16 | 成都兴睿宝电子科技有限公司 | A kind of Larger Dynamic micro-current sensing circuit |
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| CN112485494A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-12 | 天津津航计算技术研究所 | Current detection circuit based on triode |
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| CN104597316A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-05-06 | 聚光科技(杭州)股份有限公司 | Weak current detecting device and method |
| CN104793045A (en) * | 2015-04-23 | 2015-07-22 | 中国科学院近代物理研究所 | Wide-range current frequency converter |
| CN106888022A (en) * | 2015-12-15 | 2017-06-23 | 航天科工惯性技术有限公司 | A kind of high-resolution current/frequency conversion circuit |
| CN106053930A (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2016-10-26 | 西北核技术研究所 | Switch-free weak-signal synchronization integration measurement apparatus and measurement method resisting random noise |
| CN106053930B (en) * | 2016-07-06 | 2018-11-23 | 西北核技术研究所 | A kind of anti-random noise without switch weak signal synchronous integration measuring device and measuring method |
| CN107765075A (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2018-03-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of current signal processing unit |
| CN107765075B (en) * | 2016-08-16 | 2021-08-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Current signal processing device |
| CN107238746A (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2017-10-10 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | A kind of micro current circuit tested for dielectric response |
| CN107238746B (en) * | 2017-06-14 | 2020-06-05 | 国网河南省电力公司电力科学研究院 | Micro-current measuring circuit for dielectric response test |
| CN107703351A (en) * | 2017-09-27 | 2018-02-16 | 成都兴睿宝电子科技有限公司 | A kind of Larger Dynamic micro-current sensing circuit |
| CN108900194A (en) * | 2018-09-26 | 2018-11-27 | 北方电子研究院安徽有限公司 | A kind of power frequency conversion circuit that programmable multi-threshold compares |
| CN110058078A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-07-26 | 上海仁机仪器仪表有限公司 | A kind of current measurement circuit and measurement method based on I-F transformation |
| CN112485494A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2021-03-12 | 天津津航计算技术研究所 | Current detection circuit based on triode |
| CN114325043A (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2022-04-12 | 华人运通(江苏)技术有限公司 | System and method for improving small current test precision |
| CN114325043B (en) * | 2021-12-16 | 2023-10-17 | 华人运通(江苏)技术有限公司 | System and method for improving small current test precision |
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| CN103713181B (en) | 2016-03-09 |
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