CN103712639B - The distributed method for quick of a kind of optical fiber Brillouin scattering and device - Google Patents
The distributed method for quick of a kind of optical fiber Brillouin scattering and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103712639B CN103712639B CN201310654696.5A CN201310654696A CN103712639B CN 103712639 B CN103712639 B CN 103712639B CN 201310654696 A CN201310654696 A CN 201310654696A CN 103712639 B CN103712639 B CN 103712639B
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Abstract
The invention discloses the distributed method for quick of a kind of optical fiber Brillouin scattering, by the detection light beated between the frequency in the peak value both sides of two Brillouin's frequency spectrums, by measuring the changed power of detection light, obtain the size of brillouin gain at the two frequency, and it is identical to adjust the brillouin gain that frequency is subject to two sensation of frequencys, the detection light intensity amplitude of variation received is zero, thus quickly obtains Brillouin frequencies.The present invention also announces the distributed device for fast detecting of a kind of optical fiber Brillouin scattering using said method so that Brillouin spectrum detection rapidly, accurately, thus adapts to detect the requirement of quickly response.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to strain and temperature are carried out the distributed optical fiber sensing system of full distributed measurement, specifically by the frequency displacement of the Brillouin scattering in quick detection fiber, the method and apparatus realizing strain and the quick full distributed measurement of temperature.
Background technology
In distributed optical fiber sensing device, optical fiber self not only can transmit signal, it it is detecting element the most simultaneously, collection real time information perception and wide-band-message are transmitted in one, the physical quantity informations to be measured such as the temperature at any point, strain can be gone up along the line with accurately measure optical fiber, realize the distributed continuous sensing that mechanical or electrical sensor can not be accomplished, have broad application prospects.Wherein, Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument (Brillouin optical fiber time domain
Analysis) being a kind of important sensing technology, it, at one end incident pulse light of testing fiber, approximates the continuous light of Brillouin shift at other end incident frequencies and pulsed light frequency phase-difference.When pulsed light overlaps in a fiber with continuous light, due to excited Brillouin amplification, can be shifted by acoustic wavefield generation energy between pulsed light and continuous light.Difference on the frequency between size and two light waves of energy transfer is relevant, the energy shifted when difference on the frequency is equal to the Brillouin shift of optical fiber is maximum, so detecting the energy size of transfer under each difference on the frequency by the difference on the frequency between two light sources of scanning, just can get the Brillouin shift that optical fiber is along the line, thus realize fibre strain and the full distributed sensing of temperature.Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument has that dynamic range is big, distance sensing length, certainty of measurement advantages of higher, is applied in a lot of structure detection.
In existing technology, frequency sweep detection mode is taked in the detection to Brillouin shift, injects the detection light of a frequency, the distribution in corresponding frequencies of Brillouin scattering spectrum in a detection fiber in optical fiber i.e. every time.Its detecting system, as it is shown in figure 1, laser instrument sends the continuous light that frequency is v, is divided into two-way through bonder, one tunnel is as pump light, become pulse by light modulator modulates, enter tested optical fiber through image intensifer and light gyroscope, and in tested optical fiber, evoke brillouin gain；Another road light, as detection light, after optical frequency shifter, produces a frequency displacement vB, and its size is within the frequency range of Brillouin scattering.Pump light pulse is propagated in tested optical fiber in opposite directions with continuous probe light, and the position met at them, and the energy of pump light is transferred to detect light by brillouin gain, makes detection light be amplified, and its gain amplified is relevant with the coefficient of brillouin gain.Detection optical signal after amplification is received by a photoelectric detector and is converted to the signal of telecommunication, at the detection light that diverse location and pump light meet, its time arriving photodetector also differs, therefore the intensity of light of detector is arrived by measuring different time, it is possible to obtaining the Brillouin scattering along whole tested optical fiber is the gain at vB in frequency.Change the size of vB, and measure optical fiber gain at each vB according to this, it is possible to the brillouin gain obtaining optical fiber is general.The position of the peak value according to brillouin gain, it is possible to obtain the temperature of tested optical fiber and strain information.
The frequency sweep detection mode of this brillouin gain spectrum, the inherent shortcoming existed is: although frequency displacement corresponding to the peak value of only brillouin gain is only the parameter needing to obtain, but frequency sweep must be passed through, each frequency will detect the brillouin gain spectrum on whole optical fiber, finally calculate Brillouin shift according to the brillouin gain spectrum that all positions on whole optical fiber are complete, thus the most complete measuring needs to spend the longer time, it is difficult to fast-changing signal is responded.
Summary of the invention
Present invention aim at needing just to obtain Brillouin shift through frequency sweep for existing Fibre Optical Sensor based on Brillouin scattering, the measurement time is longer, fast-changing signal cannot be made the defect of respective reaction, offer one is swift in response, and measures distributed method for quick and the device of Brillouin spectrum in optical fiber accurately.
The present invention for achieving the above object, adopts the following technical scheme that
A kind of distributed method for quick of optical fiber Brillouin scattering, at testing fiber two ends difference incident pump light and detection light, it is characterized in that: utilize Brillouin spectrum symmetrical characteristic near peak value, the frequency of fast modulation detection light, and the frequency detecting light is beated between two specific frequencies, and the two frequency lays respectively at the peak value both sides of Brillouin's frequency spectrum, by measuring the changed power of detection light, it is thus achieved that the size of brillouin gain at the two frequency；Adjusting two frequency values makes the detection light intensity amplitude of variation received be zero, i.e. detection light the brillouin gain that is subject to of two sensation of frequencys identical；By the detection light received is carried out demodulation of phase locking, obtain detecting light average frequency and Brillouin frequencies.
Use the distributed device for fast detecting of the optical fiber Brillouin scattering of said method, it is characterised in that: include laser instrument, photo-coupler, optical frequency shifter, frequency shift encoder, optical fiber, light gyroscope, image intensifer, photomodulator, photodetector, phase-sensitive demodulator, high-speed data acquisition unit, process and control unit, radio-frequency signal source, signal generator；
Described laser instrument sends the continuous light that frequency is v, it is optically coupled device and is divided into two-way, wherein a road becomes v-vB after optical frequency shifter, then its frequency has the saltus step that amplitude is w after frequency shift encoder, then enters tested optical fiber as detection light after optoisolator；Simultaneously, after photomodulator, light pulse is become from another road light of photo-coupler output, after amplifying through image intensifer, after by light gyroscope, enter tested optical fiber as pump light pulse, arrive the diverse location of tested optical fiber in the difference time, and produce brillouin gain；Detection light meets in a fiber with pump light pulse, after being amplified by brillouin gain, photodetector is injected via light gyroscope, obtained optical signal is via phase-sensitive demodulator, output signal is proportional to the difference detecting light average frequency with Brillouin shift, the process that this signal is converted to digital signal input computer by high-speed data acquisition card processes with control unit, and controls the frequency of radio-frequency signal source to adjust the average frequency of detection optical signal；Described signal generator provides modulation, demodulated signal for frequency shift encoder and phase-sensitive demodulator.
The present invention is by the detection light beated between the frequency of the peak value both sides of two Brillouin's frequency spectrums, by measuring the changed power of detection light, obtain the size of brillouin gain at the two frequency, and it is identical to adjust the brillouin gain that frequency is subject to two sensation of frequencys, the detection light intensity amplitude of variation received is zero, thus quickly obtains Brillouin frequencies.Make Brillouin spectrum detection rapidly, accurately, thus adapt to detect the requirement of quickly response.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is existing Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument configuration diagram.
Fig. 2 is frequency hopping detection brillouin gain spectrum schematic diagram (detection light average frequency deviation brillouin gain frequency displacement).
Fig. 3 is frequency hopping detection brillouin gain spectrum schematic diagram (detection light average frequency is equal to brillouin gain frequency displacement).
Fig. 4 is the distributed device for fast detecting configuration diagram of Brillouin spectrum in optical fiber of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
As shown in Figure 2,3, utilize Brillouin spectrum symmetrical characteristic near peak value, the frequency of fast modulation detection light, and the frequency detecting light is beated between two specific frequencies, and the two frequency lays respectively at the peak value both sides of Brillouin's frequency spectrum, by measuring the changed power of detection light, it is thus achieved that the size of brillouin gain at the two frequency.When detecting the frequency spectrum of average frequency deviation Brillouin scattering of light, as shown in Figure 2, the brillouin gain that two sensation of frequencys of detection light are subject to will differ, thus the detection light intensity received also can be beated, its frequency is identical with the modulating frequency of detection light, its amplitude proportional is in detection light average frequency and the difference of Brillouin frequencies, and its phase place depends on that detecting light average frequency is greater than also being less than the frequency of Brillouin scattering.If detection light average frequency is exactly equal to the frequency of Brillouin scattering as shown in Figure 3, then detection light the brillouin gain that is subject to of two sensation of frequencys identical, the detection light intensity amplitude of variation received is zero.Therefore, by the detection light received is carried out demodulation of phase locking, it is possible to obtain detecting the side-play amount between light average frequency and Brillouin frequencies and the direction of skew.
As shown in Figure 4, sending the continuous light that frequency is v in coherent laser, be coupled device and be divided into two-way, wherein a road becomes v-vB after optical frequency shifter, after frequency shift encoder, its frequency has the saltus step that amplitude is w again, then enters tested optical fiber as detection light after optoisolator；Simultaneously, after photomodulator, light pulse is become from another road light of photo-coupler output, after amplifying through image intensifer, after by light gyroscope, enter tested optical fiber as pump light pulse, arrive the diverse location of tested optical fiber in the difference time, and produce brillouin gain.Detection light meets in a fiber with pump light pulse, after being amplified by brillouin gain, photodetector is injected via light gyroscope, obtained optical signal is via phase-sensitive demodulator, output signal is proportional to the difference detecting light average frequency with Brillouin shift, this signal is converted to digital signal input computer by data collecting card and processes, and can control the frequency of radio-frequency signal source to adjust the average frequency of detection optical signal.
Claims (2)
1. the distributed method for quick of an optical fiber Brillouin scattering, at testing fiber two ends difference incident pump light and detection light, it is characterized in that: utilize Brillouin spectrum symmetrical characteristic near peak value, the frequency of fast modulation detection light, and the frequency detecting light is beated between two specific frequencies, and the two frequency lays respectively at the peak value both sides of Brillouin's frequency spectrum, by measuring the changed power of detection light, it is thus achieved that the size of brillouin gain at the two frequency；Adjusting two frequency values makes the detection light intensity amplitude of variation received be zero, i.e. detects the brillouin gain that two sensation of frequencys of light are subject to identical；By the detection light received is carried out demodulation of phase locking, obtain detecting light average frequency and Brillouin frequencies.
2. use the distributed device for fast detecting of the optical fiber Brillouin scattering of method described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: include laser instrument, photo-coupler, optical frequency shifter, frequency shift encoder, optical fiber, light gyroscope, image intensifer, photomodulator, photodetector, phase-sensitive demodulator, high-speed data acquisition unit, process and control unit, radio-frequency signal source, signal generator；
Described laser instrument sends the continuous light that frequency is v, it is optically coupled device and is divided into two-way, wherein a road becomes v-vB after optical frequency shifter, then its frequency has the saltus step that amplitude is w after frequency shift encoder, then enters tested optical fiber as detection light after optoisolator；Simultaneously, after photomodulator, light pulse is become from another road light of photo-coupler output, after amplifying through image intensifer, after by light gyroscope, enter tested optical fiber as pump light pulse, arrive the diverse location of tested optical fiber in the difference time, and produce brillouin gain；Detection light meets in a fiber with pump light pulse, after being amplified by brillouin gain, photodetector is injected via light gyroscope, obtained optical signal is via phase-sensitive demodulator, output signal and detection light average frequency are directly proportional to the difference of Brillouin shift, the process that this signal is converted to digital signal input computer by high-speed data acquisition card processes with control unit, and controls the frequency of radio-frequency signal source to adjust the average frequency of detection optical signal；Described signal generator provides modulation, demodulated signal for frequency shift encoder and phase-sensitive demodulator.
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| CN104019836B (en) * | 2014-06-23 | 2016-03-30 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Based on relevant dual-pulse time series technique Brillouin optical time domain analysis instrument and the method utilizing this analyser suppression common-mode noise |
| CN105136177B (en) * | 2015-08-27 | 2017-09-05 | 太原理工大学 | The distribution type optical fiber sensing equipment and method of a kind of submillimeter spatial resolution |
| CN106248270A (en) * | 2016-08-10 | 2016-12-21 | 中科院广州电子技术有限公司 | A kind of real-time continuous measures the method and system of STRESS VARIATION |
| CN106990331B (en) * | 2017-06-01 | 2019-10-01 | 武汉康普常青软件技术股份有限公司 | The localization method and device of optical fiber composite overhead ground wire |
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| WO2022162718A1 (en) * | 2021-01-26 | 2022-08-04 | 日本電信電話株式会社 | Brillouin gain spectrum distribution measurement method and device |
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