CN103708984B - A kind of method of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive - Google Patents
A kind of method of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive Download PDFInfo
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- CN103708984B CN103708984B CN201310731893.2A CN201310731893A CN103708984B CN 103708984 B CN103708984 B CN 103708984B CN 201310731893 A CN201310731893 A CN 201310731893A CN 103708984 B CN103708984 B CN 103708984B
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- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 88
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000001235 sensitizing effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- 206010070834 Sensitisation Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 230000008313 sensitization Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- FUHQFAMVYDIUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N fox-7 Chemical group NC(N)=C([N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O FUHQFAMVYDIUKL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene Chemical compound CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O SPSSULHKWOKEEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- JDFUJAMTCCQARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N tatb Chemical compound NC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(N)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(N)=C1[N+]([O-])=O JDFUJAMTCCQARF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000037452 priming Effects 0.000 description 14
- PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-bromo-2-fluorophenyl)acetic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC1=CC=CC(Br)=C1F PAWQVTBBRAZDMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazinane Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)N1CN([N+]([O-])=O)CN([N+]([O-])=O)C1 XTFIVUDBNACUBN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyrrole Chemical compound C=1C=CNC=1 KAESVJOAVNADME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000002336 sorption--desorption measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- XXWYUBYMBOTAGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-diazo-4,5-dinitrocyclohexa-2,4-dien-1-ol Chemical compound OC1C=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C([N+]([O-])=O)C1=[N+]=[N-] XXWYUBYMBOTAGQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AGUIVNYEYSCPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-methyl-N-picrylnitramine Chemical group [O-][N+](=O)N(C)C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O AGUIVNYEYSCPNI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XGSVQGOPJUAOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum;2-methyl-1,3,5-trinitrobenzene Chemical compound [Al+3].CC1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C1[N+]([O-])=O XGSVQGOPJUAOQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001066 destructive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- JUINSXZKUKVTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydrogen azide Chemical compound N=[N+]=[N-] JUINSXZKUKVTMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002611 lead compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- WETZJIOEDGMBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-L lead styphnate Chemical compound [Pb+2].[O-]C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C([O-])=C1[N+]([O-])=O WETZJIOEDGMBMA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000614 poison Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000007096 poisonous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003832 thermite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Crystals, And After-Treatments Of Crystals (AREA)
- Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of method of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive, described method, for be heat-treated by explosive, insulation for some time, is then cooled to room temperature, namely obtains the explosive of porous sensitization; Described thermal treatment temp is initial decomposition temperature ± 10 DEG C of explosive.Present method is heat-treated at the initial decomposition temperature of explosive, make explosive decomposed and solvent evaporates, without the need to adding any sensitizing agent in the method, by increasing the micro-nano hole in explosive crystal, improve the Sensitivity to Primary Explosion of explosive, reach the effect of autosensibilization.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to energetic material sensitization field, relate to a kind of method of explosive sensibilization, be specifically related to a kind of method of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive, the method utilizes hot spot theory to increase explosive defect concentration sensitizing explosive.
Background technology
Along with army's industry develops fast, priming explosive, as important priming system medicament, is applied in military and civilian detonator, igniter cap, the fire in a stove before fuel is added and ignition element assembly more and more widely.In actual production life, the most frequently used priming explosive comprises lead azoimide, lead styphnate, dinitrodiazophenol, GTG etc., and these traditional priming explosives, mostly containing lead compound, produce toxic smoke during burning, can cause serious infringement to human body and environment.In order to solve the problem of environmental pollution that traditional priming explosive use procedure brings, people are just devoted to the substitute studying and find traditional priming explosive a long time ago.Several priming explosive substitutes had now include organic compounds, super thermite and coordination compound.These compou nd synthesis are complicated, poor stability, and extensive preparation exists potential safety hazard.In addition, four azole priming explosives are also the study hotspots of alternative plumbous priming explosive, but the easy degraded that this kind of material has, and the easy formation had extremely is pressed, and what have is poisonous equally, is not desirable priming explosive substitute.
High explosive is just had higher explosion velocity and more fierce destructive power once detonate, and the principal mode of its blast is detonation, but high explosive sensitivity is lower, has suitable stability, is difficult at present be applied to priming explosive.High explosive can be divided into single chmical compound explosive and mixing high explosive two class.Single chmical compound explosive is a kind of oligomict explosive substance, is oxygen containing organic compound, has the unstable group that certain is special in its molecular structure.Industrial explosive major part is all pyrotechnic composition, but in order to improve the performance of pyrotechnic composition, often need in formula to add a little simple substance high explosive, common simple substance high explosive has FOX-7, tritonal TNT, hexogen RDX, tetryl etc., and wherein the application prospect of FOX-7 is best.Adopt the modification of effective means research high explosive, improve its blast sensitivity, will the green substitute becoming traditional priming explosive be expected to.
Carrying out alternative traditional priming explosive with the high explosive of sensitization is this new approaches studied and focus direction, has great significance to solution priming explosive problem of environmental pollution.First sensitizing explosive will understand the mechanism of explosive initiation, the mechanism that explosive initiation is generally acknowledged is that " focus " is theoretical, when explosive is by the effect of foreign impacts ripple, detonate can be easy to be gathered in some spaces and crystal defect on and form focus, namely center of detonating is formed, explosive reaction is ignited thus and is expanded, and causes whole system detonation gradually.Theoretical according to " focus " of explosive charge, increase the defects such as the micro-nano hole in explosive crystal and effectively can improve explosive sensitivity, reach the effect of autosensibilization.
Increase micro-nano hole to be confirmed by " expanded ammonium nitrate " explosive the sensibilized of explosive.The micro-nano hole of current introducing prepares the interpolation surfactant method that the method for autosensibilization explosive mainly adopts in " expanded ammonium nitrate " preparation process.Ammonium nitrate, under Action of Surfactant, is forced crystallization through vacuum, is prepared the expanded ammonium nitrate of porous, then mixed with oil fuel and wood powder by expanded ammonium nitrate, do not added sensitizing agent, have the bulking ammonium nitrate explosive of higher Sensitivity to Primary Explosion.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive, explosive is heat-treated by the method, explosive is carried out autosensibilization that decomposed realizes explosive.
In order to reach above-mentioned technique effect, the present invention takes following technical scheme:
A method for thermal treatment sensitizing explosive, heat-treats explosive, insulation for some time, is then cooled to room temperature, namely obtains the explosive of porous sensitization; Described thermal treatment temp is initial decomposition temperature ± 10 DEG C of explosive.
According to a preferred embodiment of the invention, described thermal treatment temp is initial decomposition temperature ± 5 DEG C of explosive.
Further technical scheme is: described soaking time is 1 ~ 3h.
Further technical scheme is: explosive sensibilization method of the present invention has universality, can realize the sensitization of single chmical compound explosive, and being specially described explosive can be FOX-7, TATB or TNT for simple substance.
Further technical scheme is: described heat treated environment is air.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
(1) present method is heat-treated at the initial decomposition temperature of explosive, make explosive decomposed and solvent evaporates, without the need to adding any sensitizing agent in the method, by increasing the micro-nano hole in explosive crystal, improve the Sensitivity to Primary Explosion of explosive, reach the effect of autosensibilization.
(2) present method operation steps is simple, only explosive need be heat-treated, and after sensitization, the specific surface area of explosive, impact sensitivity and friction sensitivity are all significantly improved.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph before explosive FOX-7 sensitization;
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph after explosive FOX-7 sensitization;
Fig. 3 is the N after explosive FOX-7 sensitization
2adsorption/desorption curve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, the invention will be further elaborated.
Embodiment 1:
The test of FOX-7 explosive sensibilization:
The first step: take 5g explosive FOX-7, puts into the box retort furnace of KSL-1100X;
Second step: the TG-DTA thermal properties curve consulting explosive FOX-7, determines its initial decomposition temperature 220 DEG C, and setting retort furnace is heated to 220 DEG C, is incubated 1 hour;
3rd step: after Temperature fall to room temperature, obtains the FOX-7 of porous autosensibilization.
As can be seen from the contrast of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, relative to common FOX-7, the FOX-7 explosive crystal of sensitization has obvious vesicular structure.By the N of Fig. 3
2adsorption/desorption curve can be found out, the FOX-7 explosive of autosensibilization is the meso-hole structure of 2.0-5.0 nanometer, and recording specific surface area is 6.754m
2/ g is about expanded ammonium nitrate specific surface area (0.33m
2/ g) 20 times.Can be confirmed by table 1 data, after method autosensibilization provided by the invention, the impact sensitivity of explosive FOX-7 and friction sensitivity are all significantly improved.
Table 1: explosive FOX-7 and autosensibilization FOX-7 sensitivity synopsis
| Sensitivity | FOX-7 | Autosensibilization FOX-7 |
| Impact sensitivity | 8% | 50% |
| Friction sensitivity | 12% | 52% |
The present invention, for FOX-7, does not represent and is only applicable to FOX-7, and the present invention has good universality, can also be used for the sensitization of the single chmical compound explosives such as TATB, TNT.
Although with reference to explanatory embodiment of the present invention, invention has been described here, above-described embodiment is only the present invention's preferably embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments, should be appreciated that, those skilled in the art can design a lot of other amendment and embodiment, these amendments and embodiment will drop within spirit disclosed in the present application and spirit.
Claims (3)
1. a method for thermal treatment sensitizing explosive, is characterized in that explosive to heat-treat, and insulation for some time, is then cooled to room temperature, namely obtains the explosive of porous sensitization; Described thermal treatment temp is initial decomposition temperature ± 10 DEG C of explosive; Described soaking time is 1 ~ 3h; Described explosive is FOX-7, TATB or TNT.
2. the method for a kind of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described thermal treatment temp is initial decomposition temperature ± 5 DEG C of explosive.
3. the method for a kind of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described heat treated environment is air.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310731893.2A CN103708984B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | A kind of method of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive |
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| CN201310731893.2A CN103708984B (en) | 2013-12-26 | 2013-12-26 | A kind of method of thermal treatment sensitizing explosive |
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| CN103708984A CN103708984A (en) | 2014-04-09 |
| CN103708984B true CN103708984B (en) | 2015-11-11 |
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| CN106053533A (en) * | 2016-07-20 | 2016-10-26 | 宏大矿业有限公司 | Device and method for rapidly measuring temperature power-attenuation degree of explosive |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1992013117A1 (en) * | 1991-01-24 | 1992-08-06 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Electrochemical desensitization process |
| CN102924192A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-02-13 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Method for preparing micro-nano TATB (triamino trinitrobenzene) explosive granules |
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2013
- 2013-12-26 CN CN201310731893.2A patent/CN103708984B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1992013117A1 (en) * | 1991-01-24 | 1992-08-06 | Aerojet-General Corporation | Electrochemical desensitization process |
| CN102924192A (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2013-02-13 | 中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所 | Method for preparing micro-nano TATB (triamino trinitrobenzene) explosive granules |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 1,1-二氨基-2,2-二硝基乙烯的研究现状;刘国涛等;《化学推进剂与高分子材料》;20111231;第9卷(第5期);1-5 * |
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