CN103193565B - Porous granulated ammonium oil explosive and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Porous granulated ammonium oil explosive and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103193565B CN103193565B CN201310121575.4A CN201310121575A CN103193565B CN 103193565 B CN103193565 B CN 103193565B CN 201310121575 A CN201310121575 A CN 201310121575A CN 103193565 B CN103193565 B CN 103193565B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a porous granulated ammonium oil explosive and a preparation method thereof, wherein the porous granulated ammonium oil explosive comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 93%-95% of porous granulated ammonium nitrate and 5%-7% of composite diesel oil; and the composite diesel oil comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 92%-96% of diesel oil and 4%-8% of octadecyl amine hydrochloride. The preparation method of the porous granulated ammonium oil explosive adopts a temperature-sensitive hot mixing preparation method, so that the obtained porous granulated ammonium oil explosive has the advantages of being improved in initiation sensitivity, detonation sensitivity, detonation performance and blasting effect and being less in content of poisonous gas generated by the explosion, so that the quality and the efficiency of the porous granulated ammonium oil explosive are effectively improved. The preparation method is mainly used for producing and manufacturing porous granulated ammonium oil explosive of a fixed ground station and a movable field mixing and charging truck, and also can be used for producing porous granulated ammonium oil explosive of a fixed-point industrial explosive manufacturing enterprise.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of industrial explosive materials-ammoniumnitrate explosives, particularly high-performance porous particulated ammonium oil explosive and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
The porous particulated ammonium oil explosive used in present blasting works, generally produced by designated enterprise and be transported to blasting works place, or carry out field mix in blasting works place and stir, then carry out dress hole, after igniting under high strength detonative action, implement engineering explosion operation.With the formula of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive be now: ammonium nitrate 93.0%-94.0%, diesel oil 6.0%-7.0%; The mixing temperature of ammonium nitrate and diesel oil is room temperature, i.e. 0-35 DEG C; By the principal feature of the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive of mixed at room temperature production be now: one is that explosive detonation sensitivity is low, substantially cap-sensitivity is not had, high strength detonative action ability fired charge is needed when detonating, the blast performance of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive is limited, and after explosive charge, blasting effect is subject to certain impact; Two is that the mixing uniformity of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive that mixed at room temperature is produced is bad, under room temperature, diesel oil can not be dispersed in ammonium nitrate internal voids, explosive homogeneity is bad, both blast performance was affected, the toxic gas content making again blast produce afterwards increases, to environment.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method of the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive for fixed charge method earth station and mobile on-site bulk mixing truck.
The technical solution realizing the object of the invention is:
A kind of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, composed of the following components by mass percentage: ammonium nitrate 93%-95%, compound diesel 5%-7%; Compound diesel is made up of diesel oil 92%-96% and octadecylamine hydrochloride 4%-8% by mass percentage.
The preparation method of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, adopts temperature-sensitive hot-mixing preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) diesel oil and octadecylamine hydrochloride are joined in reactor, be heated to 65 DEG C-85 DEG C and carry out being obtained by reacting compound diesel;
(2) put into by ammonium nitrate in oil bath or steam-heated device and be heated to 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, then add compound diesel and mix, temperature controls at 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, and mixing 10-30 min obtains porous particulated ammonium oil explosive.
Wherein, in step (2), hybrid mode adopts interruption mixing or mixes continuously; Wherein mixing adopts the continuous mixing of the charging of ammonium nitrate continuous and quantitative, the spraying of compound diesel continuous and quantitative continuously.
Porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive being mainly used in fixed charge method earth station and mobile on-site bulk mixing truck is manufactured, and the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive that also can be used for fixed point industrial explosive manufacturing enterprise is produced.
The mixed technology of temperature-sensitive heat is the combination of three kinds of technological approaches: one is heated porous ammonium nitrate, makes it recover original minute aperture existed; Two is adopt the compound diesel containing tensio-active agent; Three is middle high temperature mixing of ammonium nitrate and compound diesel 50 DEG C-90 DEG C, is conducive to the homogeneity and the detonation sensitivity that improve mixing.Adopting of these three kinds of technological approaches, effectively improves the sensitivity, blast performance and the blasting effect that improve porous particulated ammonium oil explosive.
The present invention compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage: (1) adopts temperature-sensitive hot-mixing preparation method with the present invention, the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive obtained has Sensitivity to Primary Explosion, detonation sensitivity, blast performance, blasting effect raising, the advantage that the toxic gas content produced after blast reduces, effectively improves quality and the usefulness of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive; (2) adopt the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive that the mixed method of temperature-sensitive heat prepares, the blast performance of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive prepared by blast performance ratio normal temperature improves 20%-30%, and blasting effect improves 30%-50%; (3) the mixed production technology of temperature-sensitive heat of the present invention is mainly used in the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive manufacturing of fixed charge method earth station and mobile on-site bulk mixing truck; And the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive manufacturing of fixed charge method earth station and mobile on-site bulk mixing truck is the main development direction of domestic and international powder industrial explosive, therefore have broad application prospects and economic benefit.
Embodiment
The following examples can make the present invention of those skilled in the art comprehend.
A kind of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, composed of the following components by mass percentage: ammonium nitrate 93%-95%, compound diesel 5%-7%; Compound diesel is made up of diesel oil 92%-96% and octadecylamine hydrochloride 4%-8% by mass percentage.
The preparation method of porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, adopts temperature-sensitive hot-mixing preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) diesel oil and octadecylamine hydrochloride are joined in reactor, be heated to 65 DEG C-85 DEG C and carry out being obtained by reacting compound diesel;
(2) put into by ammonium nitrate in oil bath or steam-heated device and be heated to 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, then add compound diesel and mix, temperature controls at 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, and mixing 10-30 min obtains porous particulated ammonium oil explosive.
Wherein, in step (2), hybrid mode adopts interruption mixing or mixes continuously; Wherein mixing adopts the continuous mixing of the charging of ammonium nitrate continuous and quantitative, the spraying of compound diesel continuous and quantitative continuously.
Porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive being mainly used in fixed charge method earth station and mobile on-site bulk mixing truck is manufactured, and the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive that also can be used for fixed point industrial explosive manufacturing enterprise is produced.
Embodiment 1
production is interrupted to produce 200kg porous particulated ammonium oil explosive.
The first, in the diesel oil of 14 kg, add 0.7 kg octadecylamine hydrochloride, composition compound diesel, and in heating kettle, be heated to 60 DEG C; The second, by the ammonium nitrate of 186kg, in oil bath or steam-heated heating unit, be heated to 60 DEG C; 3rd, in continuous mixing device, by the compound diesel of heating, point to join for several times temperature of charge be 60 DEG C ammonium nitrate in, mixing 30min, obtains porous particulated ammonium oil explosive; 4th, material is cooled to after below 45 DEG C, packs, or is directly used in blast hole projectile filling.
The blast performance of the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive that the mixed technology of temperature-sensitive heat is produced: explosion velocity 3050-3200 m/s, brisance 11.5-12.5 mm, gap distance 2-3 cm.
Embodiment 2
to produce 1000kg porous particulated ammonium oil explosive continuous seepage.
The first, in the diesel oil of 58.5 kg, add 1.5 kg octadecylamine hydrochlorides, composition compound diesel, and in heating kettle, be heated to 75 DEG C; The second, by the ammonium nitrate of 940kg, in oil bath or steam-heated tubular type chuck spiral continuous heating, be heated to 75 DEG C; 3rd, in continuous mixing device, by the hot compound diesel through continuous and quantitative, continuous spraying be spread across temperature of charge be 75 DEG C, in the ammonium nitrate of continuous and quantitative, obtain porous particulated ammonium oil explosive; 4th, material is cooled to after below 45 DEG C, packs, or is directly used in blast hole projectile filling.
The blast performance of the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive that the mixed technology of temperature-sensitive heat is produced: explosion velocity 3000-3150 m/s, brisance 11.0-12.5 mm, gap distance 1-2 cm.
Embodiment 3
to produce 1000kg porous particulated ammonium oil explosive continuous seepage.
The first, in the diesel oil of 57kg, add 3 kg octadecylamine hydrochlorides, composition compound diesel, and in heating kettle, be heated to 85 DEG C; The second, by the ammonium nitrate of 940kg, in oil bath or steam-heated tubular type chuck spiral continuous heating, be heated to 85 DEG C; 3rd, in continuous mixing device, by the hot compound diesel through continuous and quantitative, continuous spraying be spread across temperature of charge be 85 DEG C, in the ammonium nitrate of continuous and quantitative, obtain porous particulated ammonium oil explosive; 4th, be cooled to after below 45 DEG C, pack, or be directly used in blast hole projectile filling.
The blast performance of the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive that the mixed technology of temperature-sensitive heat is produced: explosion velocity 3100-3250 m/s, brisance 12.0-13.5 mm, gap distance 2-3 cm.
Claims (4)
1. a porous particulated ammonium oil explosive, is characterized in that, composed of the following components by mass percentage: ammonium nitrate 93%-95%, compound diesel 5%-7%; Compound diesel is made up of diesel oil 92%-96% and octadecylamine hydrochloride 4%-8% by mass percentage; Described porous particulated ammonium oil explosive adopts temperature-sensitive hot-mixing preparation method, comprises the following steps:
(1) diesel oil and octadecylamine hydrochloride are joined in reactor, be heated to 65 DEG C-85 DEG C and carry out being obtained by reacting compound diesel;
(2) put into by ammonium nitrate in oil bath or steam-heated device and be heated to 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, then add compound diesel and mix, temperature controls at 65 DEG C-85 DEG C, and mixing 10-30min obtains porous particulated ammonium oil explosive.
2. porous particulated ammonium oil explosive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step (2), hybrid mode adopts and is interrupted mixing or mixes continuously.
3. porous particulated ammonium oil explosive according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the continuous mixing of ammonium nitrate continuous and quantitative charging in step (2), the spraying of compound diesel continuous and quantitative.
4. porous particulated ammonium oil explosive according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive that porous particulated ammonium oil explosive is mainly used in fixed charge method earth station and mobile on-site bulk mixing truck is manufactured, or produces for the porous particulated ammonium oil explosive of the industrial explosive manufacturing enterprise that fixes a point.
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| CN201310121575.4A CN103193565B (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Porous granulated ammonium oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN201310121575.4A CN103193565B (en) | 2013-04-10 | 2013-04-10 | Porous granulated ammonium oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103193565B true CN103193565B (en) | 2015-01-14 |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104844396B (en) * | 2015-05-04 | 2018-05-29 | 葛洲坝易普力股份有限公司 | Heat resistant type porous particulated ammonium oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
| CN108507898B (en) * | 2018-06-11 | 2021-02-05 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Method for measuring component proportion of ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive by using saturated oil absorption rate of raw material |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1092054A (en) * | 1993-03-10 | 1994-09-14 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Ammonium nitrate emulsified mine explosive |
| CN1137507A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1996-12-11 | 北京科技大学 | Solid state emulsified compound granular explosive and its preparation method |
| CN101544524A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2009-09-30 | 北京星宇惠龙科技发展有限责任公司 | Anfo explosive and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102320904A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-01-18 | 福建海峡科化股份有限公司 | Application of biodiesel in production of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive |
| CN202415397U (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-09-05 | 薛世忠 | Multifunctional onsite mixing and charging truck for emulsified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives |
| CN102718615A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 保利民爆济南科技有限公司 | Ammonium nitrate fuel oil |
| CN102924195A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-13 | 肖代军 | Viscous porous granulated ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
-
2013
- 2013-04-10 CN CN201310121575.4A patent/CN103193565B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1092054A (en) * | 1993-03-10 | 1994-09-14 | 北京矿冶研究总院 | Ammonium nitrate emulsified mine explosive |
| CN1137507A (en) * | 1996-04-19 | 1996-12-11 | 北京科技大学 | Solid state emulsified compound granular explosive and its preparation method |
| CN101544524A (en) * | 2009-05-13 | 2009-09-30 | 北京星宇惠龙科技发展有限责任公司 | Anfo explosive and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102320904A (en) * | 2011-08-29 | 2012-01-18 | 福建海峡科化股份有限公司 | Application of biodiesel in production of porous granular ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive |
| CN202415397U (en) * | 2012-01-05 | 2012-09-05 | 薛世忠 | Multifunctional onsite mixing and charging truck for emulsified ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosives |
| CN102718615A (en) * | 2012-07-03 | 2012-10-10 | 保利民爆济南科技有限公司 | Ammonium nitrate fuel oil |
| CN102924195A (en) * | 2012-11-20 | 2013-02-13 | 肖代军 | Viscous porous granulated ammonium nitrate fuel oil explosive and preparation method thereof |
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