The processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Gearmaking Technology, the processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear particularly using in a kind of Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case.
Background technology
At present, in gear drive inside spline wheel gear use very general, especially in the agriculture Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission cases such as tractor, harvester, rotary cultivator.The precision of gear inner spline directly affects the accuracy of manufacture and the assembly precision of gear, thereby affects the precision of whole transmission device.The processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case is now as follows, be followed successively by blanking, forge, normalizing, rough turn, garland key, finish turning, gear hobbing or gear shaping, shaving and heat treatment, the quality of internal spline and the chemical composition of material, cutting stock weight, the mode of heating of blank, there is close relationship the aspects such as the quality of normalizing, material defective, cutting stock weight overproof, briquet stove heating mode produces the situation that oxide skin is many, normalizing hardness is inhomogeneous, and between rough turn and finish turning, adopt horizontal broaching machine broaching spline mode to have the impact of workpiece deadweight, capital reduces the accuracy of manufacture of gear inner spline, simultaneously rough turn, finish turning divides two procedures processing, also increased manufacturing cost, reduced working (machining) efficiency.Gear surface carburized (case) depth adopts the Technology for Heating Processing of shaft furnace processing, and gear surface carburized (case) depth is inadequate.In sum, the processing of the inside spline wheel gear using in existing Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case exists manufacturing cost high, and working (machining) efficiency is low, and the inside spline wheel gear quality and the precision that machine are low.
Summary of the invention
Order of the present invention is the deficiency existing in order to solve the processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in above-mentioned existing Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case, a kind of new technology is provided, improve working (machining) efficiency, cut down finished cost, improve the inside spline wheel gear processing technology of using in the Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case of inside spline wheel gear quality.
In order to realize foregoing invention object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
The processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case, comprises the following steps successively:
(1) select materials, select by mass percentage the material with following chemical composition: 0.17%≤C≤0.23%; 0.17%≤Si≤0.37%; 0.80%≤Mn≤1.10%; 1.00%≤Cr≤1.30%; 0.04%≤Ti≤1.00%; Trace≤Ni≤0.03%; Trace≤S≤0.035%; Trace≤P≤0.035%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity;
(2) cutting machine blanking, weight tolerance is controlled as diameter d≤50 ㎜, and tolerance is ± 0.01 ㎏; Diameter 55 ㎜ < d≤65 ㎜, tolerance is+0.02 ㎏~-0.01 ㎏; Diameter d > 65 ㎜, tolerance is+0.03 ㎏~-0.01 ㎏;
(3) blank forging, is placed on 5~10 seconds heat times, temperature to 1000~1200 ℃ in intermediate-frequency heating furnace by raw material, through jumping-up, forging, trimming, controls monolateral machining allowance 0.8~1.2 ㎜ of blank;
(4) isothermal normalizing, by blank heating, temperature is 925~945 ℃, is incubated 2~3 hours; Then by rapid cooling, slow cooling, isothermal insulation, air cooling, control blank hardness 160~207HB, difference of hardness≤7HB;
(5) thick finish turning, thick finish turning endoporus on numerically controlled lathe, under end face one cutter, endoporus end face surface roughness reaches Ra3.2, endoporus dimensional tolerance+0.05 ㎜, end face run-out≤0.015 ㎜, again with Internal hole positioning thick finish turning other end and cylindrical, surface roughness reaches Ra3.2, end face run-out≤0.02 ㎜, beat≤0.04 ㎜ of cylindrical;
(6) draw internal spline, adopt vertical broaching machine broaching, with the end face location under interior hole end surface one cutter, and float and locate with cylindrical, with vertical broaching machine broaching tool, complete broaching, surface roughness reaches Ra1.6, two ending pulsation≤0.025 ㎜, beat≤0.06 ㎜ of cylindrical;
(7) gear hobbing, adopts internal spline centering, end face location, and workpiece upper surface compresses, and carries out gear hobbing, radial runout of gear ring≤0.03mm, tooth alignment error≤0.015mm, common normal variation≤0.025mm, surface roughness reaches Ra3.2;
(8) shaving, adopts internal spline centering, end face location, and parallel shaving carries out shave, gear ring circular runout≤0.025mm, tooth alignment error≤0.011mm, common normal variation≤0.03mm, surface roughness reaches Ra1.6;
(9) heat treatment is carried out carburizing and quenching, gear surface carburized (case) depth 0.7-1.1mm, case hardness HRC58-63, centre hardness HRC33-48, metallographic structure 1-3 level after mounting on multipurpose furnace.
As preferably, Fe is not less than 95% by mass percentage.
Adopted the processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in the Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case of technique scheme, adopt and select materials successively, cutting machine blanking, blank forging, isothermal normalizing, thick finish turning, draw internal spline, gear hobbing, shaving and heat treated step, inside spline wheel gear end face run-out≤the 0.025mm making, beat≤0.06mm of cylindrical, roughness reaches Ra1.6, hardness is even, difference of hardness≤7HB, monolateral surplus is between 0.8-1.2mm, gear surface carburized (case) depth 0.7-1.1mm, case hardness HRC58-63, centre hardness HRC33-48, metallographic structure 1-3 level.The advantage of the processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in this Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case is that working (machining) efficiency is higher, processing cost is lower, has improved product quality and the precision of inside spline wheel gear comprehensively.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case, comprises the following steps successively:
(1) select materials, select by mass percentage the material with following chemical composition: C, 0.17%; Si, 0.17%; Mn, 0.80%; Cr, 1.00%; Ti, 0.04%; Ni, 0.02%; S, 0.025%; P, 0.025%; Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and Fe is not less than 95%;
(2) cutting machine blanking, weight tolerance is controlled as diameter d≤50 ㎜, and tolerance is ± 0.01 ㎏; Diameter 55 ㎜ < d≤65 ㎜, tolerance is+0.02 ㎏~-0.01 ㎏; Diameter d > 65 ㎜, tolerance is+0.03 ㎏~-0.01 ㎏;
(3) blank forging, is placed on 5~10 seconds heat times, temperature to 1000~1200 ℃ in intermediate-frequency heating furnace by raw material, through jumping-up, forging, trimming, controls monolateral machining allowance 0.8~1.2 ㎜ of blank;
(4) isothermal normalizing, by blank heating, temperature is 925~945 ℃, is incubated 2~3 hours; Then by rapid cooling, slow cooling, isothermal insulation, air cooling, control blank hardness 160~207HB, difference of hardness≤7HB;
(5) thick finish turning, thick finish turning endoporus on numerically controlled lathe, under end face one cutter, endoporus end face surface roughness reaches Ra3.2, endoporus dimensional tolerance+0.05 ㎜, end face run-out≤0.015 ㎜, again with Internal hole positioning thick finish turning other end and cylindrical, surface roughness reaches Ra3.2, end face run-out≤0.02 ㎜, beat≤0.04 ㎜ of cylindrical;
(6) draw internal spline, adopt vertical broaching machine broaching, with the end face location under interior hole end surface one cutter, and float and locate with cylindrical, with vertical broaching machine broaching tool, complete broaching, surface roughness reaches Ra1.6, two ending pulsation≤0.025 ㎜, beat≤0.06 ㎜ of cylindrical;
(7) gear hobbing, adopts internal spline centering, end face location, and workpiece upper surface compresses, and carries out gear hobbing, radial runout of gear ring≤0.03mm, tooth alignment error≤0.015mm, common normal variation≤0.025mm, surface roughness reaches Ra3.2;
(8) shaving, adopts internal spline centering, end face location, and parallel shaving carries out shave, gear ring circular runout≤0.025mm, tooth alignment error≤0.011mm, common normal variation≤0.03mm, surface roughness reaches Ra1.6;
(9) heat treatment is carried out carburizing and quenching, gear surface carburized (case) depth 0.7-1.1mm, case hardness HRC58-63, centre hardness HRC33-48, metallographic structure 1-3 level after mounting on multipurpose furnace.
Embodiment 2
The processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case, other is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is only the difference of selecting materials, and selects by mass percentage the material with following chemical composition: C, 0.23%; Si, 0.37%; Mn, 1.10%; Cr, 1.3%; Ti, 1%; Ni, 0.03%; S, 0.03%; P, 0.03%; Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and Fe is not less than 95%.
Embodiment 3
The processing technology of the inside spline wheel gear using in Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case, other is identical with embodiment 1, and difference is only the difference of selecting materials, and selects by mass percentage the material with following chemical composition: C, 0.2%; Si, 0.3%; Mn, 1%; Cr, 1.1%; Ti, 0.6%; Ni, 0.02%; S, 0.02%; P, 0.02%; Surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity, and Fe is not less than 95%.
The performance data contrast table of the inside spline wheel gear using in the inside spline wheel gear using in the Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case that adopts the technique of above-mentioned 3 embodiment to make and the Agricultural Machinery Equipment transmission case that adopts existing technique to make is as follows.
As seen from the above table, adopt this patent thick finish turning, draw internal spline, gear hobbing and shaving technique, end face run-out, cylindrical beat and the precision of the aspect such as roughness significantly better than the existing technique that adopts horizontal broaching, adopt blank forging and the isothermal normalizing technique of this patent, at aspects such as forging stock quality, normalizing hardness and monolateral surpluses significantly better than adopting briquet stove heating, afterheat normalizing, the existing technique that rough turn and finish turning separates.Adopt the Technology for Heating Processing of this patent, the Technology for Heating Processing of processing significantly better than existing shaft furnace in gear surface carburized (case) depth.Under above-mentioned end face and endoporus one cutter, refer to that end face and endoporus complete turning at clamped one time, to guarantee end face run-out precision.
Adopting above-described embodiment is only the better embodiment of this patent, select materials select by mass percentage there is following chemical composition material all can, 0.17%≤C≤0.23%; 0.17%≤Si≤0.37%; 0.80%≤Mn≤1.10%; 1.00%≤Cr≤1.30%; 0.04%≤Ti≤1.00%; Trace≤Ni≤0.03%; Trace≤S≤0.035%; Trace≤P≤0.035%, surplus is Fe and inevitable impurity.