CN114850809A - Manufacturing method of internal spline gear for engineering vehicle - Google Patents
Manufacturing method of internal spline gear for engineering vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN114850809A CN114850809A CN202210423420.5A CN202210423420A CN114850809A CN 114850809 A CN114850809 A CN 114850809A CN 202210423420 A CN202210423420 A CN 202210423420A CN 114850809 A CN114850809 A CN 114850809A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P15/00—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass
- B23P15/14—Making specific metal objects by operations not covered by a single other subclass or a group in this subclass gear parts, e.g. gear wheels
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses a manufacturing method of an internal spline gear for an engineering vehicle, which comprises the following steps: 1) forging a gear blank, 2) normalizing for the second time, 3) processing an outer gear ring, 4) processing an inner spline gear ring, 5) deburring, cleaning and 6) heat treatment. The manufacturing method disclosed by the invention has simple steps, not only improves the processing precision and quality of the internal spline gear, but also improves the stability and reliability in processing the internal spline gear ring, and reduces the defective rate.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a manufacturing method of an internal spline gear for an engineering vehicle.
Background
In a gearbox, an internal spline gear is a very important component, plays a role of centering and also plays a role of transmitting torque, and is widely applied to clutches inside heavy vehicles and tractors at present.
The internal spline gear has high requirements on processing specifications, strict requirements on form and position tolerance, high hardness of a workpiece, high possibility of deformation and great difficulty in the process of processing the internal spline gear.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a technical scheme of a manufacturing method of an internal spline gear for an engineering vehicle aiming at the defects in the prior art, the manufacturing method is simple in step, not only is the processing precision and quality of the internal spline gear improved, but also the stability and reliability in processing of an internal spline gear ring are improved, and the defective rate is reduced.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a manufacturing method of an internal spline gear for an engineering vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) forged tooth blank
Firstly, blanking is carried out, a flame heating furnace is used for heating, the forging temperature range is 800-1200 ℃, then free forging upsetting and punching are carried out, an air hammer is adopted during free forging processing, an upper hammer anvil and a lower hammer anvil are changed into circular shapes, drum shapes after upsetting are not trimmed, a hole expanding machine is used for preforming, and finally closed die forging forming is carried out through a friction press;
2) secondary normalizing
Carrying out secondary isothermal normalizing on the forged gear blank, keeping the temperature of 900-940 ℃ in a high-temperature furnace for 2-3 h, air-cooling to 650 ℃, putting the gear blank into a 650 ℃ low-temperature furnace for 2-3 h, taking out the gear blank for air cooling, and then carrying out carburizing and quenching treatment, wherein the carburizing temperature of a continuous furnace is 900-930 ℃, carburizing for 15-20 h, and quenching treatment is carried out at 800-840 ℃ to form a gear body;
3) outer gear ring machining
The outer gear ring of the gear body is processed by hobbing or gear milling to form a required outer gear ring, an annular groove is formed in the gear body, through holes are uniformly formed in the annular groove in an annular mode, and T-shaped holes are formed in the two sides of the through holes respectively;
4) processing of internal spline gear ring
a. Firstly, determining the distance between through holes on a gear blank, inputting the distance parameter through a touch screen, starting a clamping mechanism, adjusting the opening distance of the clamping mechanism, placing the gear blank on the clamping mechanism through a manipulator for fixing, installing the clamping mechanism on a bottom plate through a rotating mechanism, fixing the bottom plate on a box body, and installing the touch screen on the side surface of the box body;
b. then starting a rotating mechanism, driving the clamping mechanism and the gear blank to rotate through the rotating mechanism, stopping the rotating mechanism after the detection mechanism on the bottom plate detects a signal, starting a limiting mechanism, and positioning the rotating mechanism through the limiting mechanism;
c. starting the spline broach mechanism, performing spline slotting key processing on the gear blank through the spline broach mechanism, withdrawing the limiting mechanism after one spline slotting processing is finished, starting the rotating mechanism, stopping the rotating mechanism after the detection mechanism detects a signal again, starting the limiting mechanism to position the rotating mechanism, performing next spline slotting processing until the internal spline processing of the whole gear blank is finished, and setting the number of the spline slotting processing according to the number of teeth of the internal spline;
5) deburring and cleaning
Deburring the machined gear body and cleaning;
6) thermal treatment
And (3) preserving the heat of the cleaned gear body at the temperature of 850-900 ℃ for 40-60 min, preserving the heat of 750-800 ℃ for 2-3 h, cooling to 500 ℃ along with the furnace, taking out, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the required internal spline gear.
The manufacturing method has simple steps, not only improves the processing precision and quality of the internal spline gear, but also improves the stability and reliability of the internal spline gear ring during processing, and reduces the defective rate.
Further, the clamping mechanism comprises an upper positioning ring, a lower positioning ring and at least three groups of telescopic assemblies, wherein the upper positioning ring is fixed above the lower positioning ring through a side plate, the telescopic assemblies are uniformly distributed on the side plate, each telescopic assembly comprises a telescopic arm, a third air cylinder, a positioning barrel and a positioning rod, the third air cylinder and the positioning barrel are both fixed on the side plate, the telescopic arms are respectively connected with the third air cylinders and the positioning barrels through third piston rods and telescopic rods, the positioning rods are fixed at the top ends of the telescopic arms, the positioning rods are provided with limiting parts which can be fastening screws, the side plate improves the connecting strength and stability between the upper positioning ring and the lower positioning ring, the telescopic assemblies can meet the clamping positioning of gears with different sizes, the stability and reliability in the processing of the internal spline gear ring are improved, the telescopic arms can be driven to horizontally move through the third piston rods through the third air cylinders, and the adjustment of intervals is met, the telescopic link and the location section of thick bamboo have improved the stability and the reliability that flexible arm removed, and the locating lever can carry on spacingly to internal spline gear, and the locating part is used for fixing internal spline gear.
Furthermore, be equipped with on the last holding ring and collect the mouth, go up the holding ring and be equipped with the air pump and collect the box down between the holding ring, the air pump is located the below of collecting the box, can install on the collection mouth and collect the cover for add the piece that produces with the internal spline and collect, and fall into through collecting the mouth and collect in the box, be convenient for unified the processing, the air pump is used for controlling the work of third cylinder.
Further, slewing mechanism includes the support column, the sleeve, auxiliary disc and carousel, the support column is fixed in on the bottom plate, the sleeve rotates to be connected on the support column, the carousel is fixed in telescopic top through the auxiliary disc, evenly be equipped with the recess on the outer circumference side of top surface of auxiliary disc, the bottom surface of auxiliary disc is annular evenly distributed and has spacing wheel, spacing wheel is fixed in on the auxiliary disc through the bolt, the bolt is located the recess, be equipped with the response piece between two adjacent spacing wheels, the support column plays the effect of support, the sleeve can rotate along the support column, and drive auxiliary disc and carousel and rotate together, realize treating the processing gear and rotate, the processing position of adjustment internal spline, the recess is convenient for the assembly of spacing wheel, the design of spacing wheel is convenient for insert between two spacing wheels through stop gear, realize whole slewing mechanism's fixed.
Further, telescopic bottom center is equipped with the pivot, is equipped with driven gear in the pivot, and driven gear is located the support column, is equipped with first motor in the support column, is connected with the driving gear on the output shaft of first motor, and driving gear and driven gear intermeshing drive the driving gear rotation through first motor, and then can drive the pivot rotation through driven gear, make the sleeve rotate along the support column.
Further, telescopic bottom surface is equipped with first ball, first ball supports the top surface of support column, be equipped with annular strip on the outer peripheral flank of support column, be equipped with the draw-in groove on the telescopic inner wall, be equipped with the second ball in the draw-in groove, the second ball supports the surface of annular strip, design through first ball and second ball, frictional force when can the greatly reduced sleeve is rotatory, reduce wearing and tearing, the stability of being connected between sleeve and the support column can be improved in the design of draw-in groove and annular strip, avoid the sleeve to take place off-centre and influence the machining precision and the quality of internal spline gear at rotatory in-process.
Furthermore, spline broach mechanism includes spline broach and second cylinder, and the spline broach passes through the second piston rod and connects the second cylinder, and the second cylinder passes through elevating system and connects the bottom plate, drives the spline pulling through the second piston rod through the second cylinder and removes, realizes the quick processing to internal spline gear. Lifting mechanism
Further, stop gear includes the fixed block, fourth cylinder and gag lever post, the fixed block is fixed in on the bottom plate, the fourth cylinder is fixed in on the fixed block through L shape frame, the symmetry is equipped with the slide rail on the top surface of fixed block, the gag lever post is fixed in on the guide block, the guide block passes through the slider and connects the slide rail, the gag lever post passes through the fourth piston rod and connects the fourth cylinder, it removes to drive the fourth piston rod through the fourth cylinder, and then can drive gag lever post horizontal migration, realize between two spacing wheels, it is fixed with slewing mechanism, slider and slide rail have improved the stability that the guide block removed, and then can improve the stability and the reliability that the gag lever post removed.
Further, detection mechanism includes the horizontal plate, fixed column and U-shaped piece, the horizontal plate is fixed in on the bottom plate through the fixed column, be equipped with the T-shaped groove on the horizontal plate, the U-shaped piece passes through the otic placode and connects on the T-shaped groove, be equipped with the notch on the U-shaped piece, be equipped with infrared sensor on the inner wall of notch, be equipped with signal transmitter on the U-shaped piece, infrared sensor and signal transmitter electric connection, the size of notch is greater than the response piece, trigger infrared sensor signals when the response piece removes to the notch of U-shaped piece in, and pass through signal generator with signal transmission to stop gear on, make stop gear work, the horizontal plate has improved the stability and the reliability of infrared sensor and signal transmitter installation, and the control precision is improved.
Due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the manufacturing method has simple steps, not only improves the processing precision and quality of the internal spline gear, but also improves the stability and reliability of the internal spline gear ring during processing, and reduces the defective rate.
2. The curb plate has improved joint strength and stability between last holding ring and the lower holding ring, flexible subassembly can satisfy the tight location of clamp to not unidimensional size gear, stability and reliability when improving internal spline ring gear processing, can drive flexible arm horizontal migration through the third piston rod through the third cylinder, satisfy the adjustment of interval, telescopic link and location section of thick bamboo have improved the stability and the reliability that flexible arm removed, the locating lever can carry on spacingly to the internal spline gear, the locating part is used for fixing the internal spline gear.
3. The collecting cover can be installed on the collecting opening and used for collecting the scraps generated during machining of the internal spline, the scraps fall into the collecting box through the collecting opening, unified treatment is facilitated, and the air pump is used for controlling the third air cylinder to work.
4. The fourth piston rod is driven to move through the fourth cylinder, so that the limiting rod can be driven to move horizontally, the rotating mechanism is fixed between the two limiting wheels, the slider and the sliding rail improve the moving stability of the guide block, and the moving stability and reliability of the limiting rod can be improved.
5. Trigger infrared sensor signals when response piece removes to the notch of U-shaped piece in to on signal generator transmits the signal to stop gear, make stop gear work, the horizontal plate has improved the stability and the reliability of infrared sensor and signal transmitter installation, improves control accuracy.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a process flow chart of a method for manufacturing an internal spline gear for an engineering vehicle according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is an effect view of the internal spline gear of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a front view of FIG. 2;
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing effects of the spline arranging apparatus according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an effect diagram of the clamping mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the effect of the auxiliary disc according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic bottom view of the auxiliary plate of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of a spacing mechanism according to the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the detecting mechanism of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the connection between the sleeve and the support post of the present invention;
fig. 11 is a schematic view showing the installation of the spline broach in embodiment 2 of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-a gear body; 2-external gear ring; 3-an internal spline gear ring; 4-an annular groove; 5-T-shaped holes; 6-through holes; 7-a box body; 8-a touch screen; 9-a bottom plate; 10-a support column; 11-a sleeve; 12-a turntable; 13-a clamping mechanism; 14-a limiting mechanism; 15-a detection mechanism; 16-a column; 17-a baffle; 18-a connecting rod; 19-a first cylinder; 20-a first piston rod; 21-a lifting plate; 22-a second cylinder; 23-a second piston rod; 24-spline broaches; 25-an upper positioning ring; 26-a lower locating ring; 27-an air pump; 28-a collection box; 29-a collection port; 30-side plate; 31-a telescopic arm; 32-a third cylinder; 33-a third piston rod; 34-a positioning cylinder; 35-a telescopic rod; 36-a positioning rod; 37-a stop; 38-auxiliary disc; 39-mounting holes; 40-grooves; 41-a limiting wheel; 42-a sensing piece; 43-fixed block; 44-a fourth cylinder; 45-L-shaped frame; 46-a slide rail; 47-a slide block; 48-a guide block; 49-a limiting rod; 50-horizontal plate; 51-fixed columns; 52-U-shaped block; 53-T-shaped slots; 54-ear plate; 55-notch; 56-infrared sensor; 57-a signal transmitter; 58-a rotating shaft; 59-a driven gear; 60-a first ball bearing; 61-a drive gear; 62-a first motor; 63-card slot; 64-a ring-shaped strip; 65-a second ball; 66-a fourth piston rod; 67-a second motor; 68-a first stop; 69-a second screw; 70-a cross beam; 71-a third motor; 72-a second stop; 73-a third screw; 74-moving block; 75-an engagement block; 76-lifting bar.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that, in the present application, the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terms first, second and the like in the description and in the claims, and in the drawings, are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing a particular sequential or chronological order. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," as well as any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1 to 10, a method for manufacturing an internal spline gear for a construction vehicle according to the present invention includes the steps of:
1) forged tooth blank
Firstly, blanking is carried out, heating is carried out through a flame heating furnace, the forging temperature range is 800-1200 ℃, then free forging upsetting and punching are carried out, an air hammer is adopted during free forging processing, an upper hammer anvil and a lower hammer anvil are changed into circular shapes, drum shapes after upsetting are not trimmed, a hole expanding machine is used for preforming, and finally closed die forging forming is carried out through a friction press;
2) secondary normalizing
Carrying out secondary isothermal normalizing on the forged gear blank, keeping the temperature of 900-940 ℃ in a high-temperature furnace for 2-3 h, air-cooling to 650 ℃, putting the gear blank into a 650 ℃ low-temperature furnace for 2-3 h, taking out the gear blank for air cooling, and then carrying out carburizing and quenching treatment, wherein the carburizing temperature of a continuous furnace is 900-930 ℃, carburizing for 15-20 h, and quenching treatment is carried out at 800-840 ℃ to form a gear body 1;
3) machining of outer gear ring 2
The outer gear ring 2 of the gear body 1 is processed by hobbing or gear milling to form the required outer gear ring 2, an annular groove 4 is formed in the gear body 1, through holes 6 are uniformly formed in the annular groove 4 in an annular manner, and T-shaped holes 5 are formed in two sides of the through holes 6 respectively;
4) machining of internal spline gear ring 3
a. Firstly, determining the distance between through holes 6 on a gear blank, inputting the distance parameter through a touch screen 8, starting a clamping mechanism 13, adjusting the opening distance of the clamping mechanism 13, placing the gear blank on the clamping mechanism 13 through a manipulator for fixing, installing the clamping mechanism 13 on a bottom plate 9 through a rotating mechanism, fixing the bottom plate 9 on a box body 7, installing the touch screen 8 on the side surface of the box body 7, installing a gas control device in the box body 7, wherein the gas control device can be an air pump 27 and is used for controlling each air cylinder to work;
the clamping mechanism 13 comprises an upper positioning ring 25, a lower positioning ring 26 and at least three groups of telescopic components, wherein the upper positioning ring 25 is fixed above the lower positioning ring 26 through a side plate 30, the telescopic components are uniformly distributed on the side plate 30, each telescopic component comprises a telescopic arm 31, a third air cylinder 32, a positioning cylinder 34 and a positioning rod 36, the third air cylinders 32 and the positioning cylinders 34 are both fixed on the side plate 30, the telescopic arms 31 are respectively connected with the third air cylinders 32 and the positioning cylinders 34 through third piston rods 33 and telescopic rods 35, the positioning rods 36 are fixed at the top ends of the telescopic arms 31, the positioning rods 36 are provided with limiting parts 37, the limiting parts 37 can be fastening screws, the side plate 30 improves the connection strength and the stability between the upper positioning ring 25 and the lower positioning ring 26, the telescopic components can clamp and position gears with different sizes, the stability and the reliability of the internal spline gear ring 3 during processing are improved, the telescopic arms 31 can be driven to horizontally move through the third piston rods 33 through the third air cylinders 32, satisfy the adjustment of interval, telescopic link 35 and a location section of thick bamboo 34 have improved the stability and the reliability that telescopic arm 31 removed, and locating lever 36 can carry on spacingly to internal spline gear, and locating part 37 is used for fixing internal spline gear.
Be equipped with on the last holding ring 25 and collect mouthful 29, go up and be equipped with air pump 27 and collection box 28 between holding ring 25 and the lower holding ring 26, air pump 27 is located the below of collecting box 28, can install on the collection mouth 29 and collect the cover for the piece that produces during with internal spline adds man-hour is collected, and fall into through collecting mouthful 29 and collect in the box 28, be convenient for unified the processing, air pump 27 is used for controlling the work of third cylinder 32.
The rotating mechanism comprises a supporting column 10, a sleeve 11, an auxiliary disc 38 and a turntable 12, the supporting column 10 is fixed on a bottom plate 9, the sleeve 11 is rotatably connected on the supporting column 10, the turntable 12 is fixed on the top of the sleeve 11 through the auxiliary disc 38, grooves 40 are uniformly arranged on the outer circumferential side surface of the top surface of the auxiliary disc 38, limiting wheels 41 are uniformly distributed on the bottom surface of the auxiliary disc 38 in an annular shape, the limiting wheels 41 are fixed on the auxiliary disc 38 through bolts, the bolts are positioned in the grooves 40, an induction sheet 42 is arranged between every two adjacent limiting wheels 41, the supporting column 10 plays a supporting role, the sleeve 11 can rotate along the supporting column 10 and drive the auxiliary disc 38 and the turntable 12 to rotate together, so as to realize the rotation of the gear to be processed and adjust the processing position of the internal spline, the grooves 40 are convenient for the assembly of the limiting wheels 41, the design of the limiting wheels 41 is convenient for being inserted between the two limiting wheels 41 through a limiting mechanism 14, the fixation of the whole rotating mechanism is realized. The auxiliary plate 38 is provided with mounting holes 39 to facilitate mounting of the clamping mechanism 13.
The bottom center of sleeve 11 is equipped with pivot 58, is equipped with driven gear 59 on the pivot 58, and driven gear 59 is located support column 10, is equipped with first motor 62 in the support column 10, is connected with driving gear 61 on the output shaft of first motor 62, and driving gear 61 and driven gear 59 intermeshing drive gear 61 through first motor 62 drive driving gear 61 rotatory, and then can drive the pivot 58 rotation through driven gear 59, make sleeve 11 rotate along support column 10.
The bottom surface of sleeve 11 is equipped with first ball 60, first ball 60 supports the top surface of support column 10, be equipped with annular strip 64 on the outer circumference side of support column 10, be equipped with draw-in groove 63 on sleeve 11's the inner wall, be equipped with second ball 65 in the draw-in groove 63, second ball 65 supports the surface of annular strip 64, design through first ball 60 and second ball 65, frictional force when can greatly reduced sleeve 11 is rotatory, reduce wearing and tearing, the design of draw-in groove 63 and annular strip 64 can improve the stability of being connected between sleeve 11 and the support column 10, avoid sleeve 11 to take place the off-centre and influence the machining precision and the quality of internal spline gear at rotatory in-process.
b. Then starting a rotating mechanism, driving the clamping mechanism 13 and the gear blank to rotate through the rotating mechanism, stopping the rotating mechanism after a signal is detected by a detection mechanism 15 on the bottom plate 9, starting a limiting mechanism 14, and positioning the rotating mechanism through the limiting mechanism 14;
Limiting mechanism 14 includes fixed block 43, fourth cylinder 44 and gag lever post 49, fixed block 43 is fixed in on the bottom plate 9, fourth cylinder 44 is fixed in on fixed block 43 through L shape frame 45, the symmetry is equipped with slide rail 46 on the top surface of fixed block 43, gag lever post 49 is fixed in on the guide block 48, guide block 48 passes through slider 47 and connects slide rail 46, gag lever post 49 passes through fourth piston rod 66 and connects fourth cylinder 44, it removes to drive fourth piston rod 66 through fourth cylinder 44, and then can drive gag lever post 49 horizontal migration, realize between two spacing wheels 41, it is fixed with slewing mechanism, slider 47 and slide rail 46 have improved the stability that guide block 48 removed, and then can improve the stability and the reliability that gag lever post 49 removed.
c. Then starting a spline broach 24 mechanism, carrying out spline slotting key processing on the gear blank through the spline broach 24 mechanism, when one spline slotting process is finished, withdrawing the limiting mechanism 14, starting the rotating mechanism, when the detection mechanism 15 detects a signal again, stopping the rotating mechanism, starting the limiting mechanism 14 to position the rotating mechanism, carrying out the next spline slotting process until the internal spline of the whole gear blank is processed, and setting the spline slotting times according to the number of teeth of the internal spline;
spline broach 24 mechanism includes spline broach 24 and second cylinder 22, and spline broach 24 passes through second piston rod 23 and connects second cylinder 22, and second cylinder 22 passes through elevating system and connects bottom plate 9, drives the spline through second piston rod 23 through second cylinder 22 and pulls the removal, realizes the rapid tooling to the internal spline gear.
The lifting mechanism comprises a lifting plate 21, upright columns 16, a first air cylinder 19 and a first piston rod 20, the four upright columns 16 are vertically fixed on the bottom plate 9, the top ends of the upright columns 16 are respectively provided with a baffle 17, the lifting plate 21 is sleeved on the upright columns 16 and can move up and down along the upright columns 16, a connecting rod 18 is arranged between every two adjacent upright columns 16, the first air cylinder 19 is fixed on the connecting rod 18, and the first air cylinder 19 is connected with the lifting plate 21 through the first piston rod 20.
5) Deburring and cleaning
Deburring the machined gear body 1 and cleaning;
6) thermal treatment
And (3) preserving the heat of the cleaned gear body 1 at 850-900 ℃ for 40-60 min, preserving the heat of 750-800 ℃ for 2-3 h, cooling to 500 ℃ along with the furnace, taking out, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the required internal spline gear.
The manufacturing method has simple steps, not only improves the processing precision and quality of the internal spline gear, but also improves the stability and reliability of the internal spline gear ring 3 during processing, and reduces the defective rate.
Example 2
The lifting mechanism can also adopt a structure as shown in fig. 11, the lifting mechanism comprises an upright post 16, a first air cylinder 19, a first piston rod 20, a lifting bar 76 and a cross beam 70, the upright post 16 is fixed on the bottom plate 9, a connecting rod 18 is arranged between the two upright posts 16, the first air cylinder 19 is fixed on the connecting rod 18, the first air cylinder 19 is connected with the lifting bar 76 through the first piston rod 20, the lifting bar 76 is sleeved on the upright post 16, a second motor 67, a first stop 68 and a second screw 69 are arranged on the top surface of the lifting bar 76, the second motor 67 is connected with the second stop 72 through the second screw 69, the cross beam 70 is connected between the two second screws 69, a third motor 71, a second stop 72 and a third screw 73 are arranged on the cross beam 70, the third motor 71 is connected with the second stop 72 through the third screw 73, a moving block 74 is connected with the third screw 73 and the cross beam 70, an engaging block 75 is arranged on the moving block 74, the joint block 75 is provided with a second cylinder 22, and the second cylinder 22 is connected with a spline broach 24 through a second piston rod 23.
The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the technical features of the present invention are not limited thereto. Any simple variations, equivalent substitutions or modifications based on the present invention to achieve substantially the same technical effects are within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A manufacturing method of an internal spline gear for an engineering vehicle is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) forged tooth blank
Firstly, blanking is carried out, a flame heating furnace is used for heating, the forging temperature range is 800-1200 ℃, then free forging upsetting and punching are carried out, an air hammer is adopted during free forging processing, an upper hammer anvil and a lower hammer anvil are changed into circular shapes, drum shapes after upsetting are not trimmed, a hole expanding machine is used for preforming, and finally closed die forging forming is carried out through a friction press;
2) secondary normalizing
Carrying out secondary isothermal normalizing on the forged gear blank, keeping the temperature of 900-940 ℃ in a high-temperature furnace for 2-3 h, air-cooling to 650 ℃, putting the gear blank into a 650 ℃ low-temperature furnace for 2-3 h, taking out the gear blank for air cooling, and then carrying out carburizing and quenching treatment, wherein the carburizing temperature of a continuous furnace is 900-930 ℃, carburizing for 15-20 h, and quenching treatment is carried out at 800-840 ℃ to form a gear body;
3) outer gear ring machining
The outer gear ring of the gear body is processed by hobbing or gear milling to form a required outer gear ring, an annular groove is formed in the gear body, through holes are uniformly formed in the annular groove in an annular mode, and T-shaped holes are formed in the two sides of the through holes respectively;
4) processing of internal spline gear ring
a. Firstly, determining the distance between through holes on a gear blank, inputting the distance parameter through a touch screen, starting a clamping mechanism, adjusting the opening distance of the clamping mechanism, placing the gear blank on the clamping mechanism through a manipulator for fixing, installing the clamping mechanism on a bottom plate through a rotating mechanism, fixing the bottom plate on a box body, and installing the touch screen on the side surface of the box body;
b. then starting a rotating mechanism, driving the clamping mechanism and the gear blank to rotate through the rotating mechanism, stopping the rotating mechanism after the detection mechanism on the bottom plate detects a signal, starting a limiting mechanism, and positioning the rotating mechanism through the limiting mechanism;
c. starting the spline broach mechanism, performing spline slotting key processing on the gear blank through the spline broach mechanism, withdrawing the limiting mechanism after one spline slotting processing is finished, starting the rotating mechanism, stopping the rotating mechanism after the detection mechanism detects a signal again, starting the limiting mechanism to position the rotating mechanism, performing next spline slotting processing until the internal spline processing of the whole gear blank is finished, and setting the number of the spline slotting processing according to the number of teeth of the internal spline;
5) deburring and cleaning
Deburring the machined gear body and cleaning;
6) thermal treatment
And (3) preserving the heat of the cleaned gear body at the temperature of 850-900 ℃ for 40-60 min, preserving the heat of 750-800 ℃ for 2-3 h, cooling to 500 ℃ along with the furnace, taking out, and air-cooling to room temperature to obtain the required internal spline gear.
2. The method for manufacturing an internally splined gear for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: fixture includes holding ring, lower holding ring and at least three group's flexible subassemblies, it is fixed in through the curb plate to go up the holding ring the top of holding ring down, flexible subassembly evenly distributed in on the curb plate, flexible subassembly includes flexible arm, third cylinder, a location section of thick bamboo and locating lever, the third cylinder with a location section of thick bamboo all is fixed in on the curb plate, flexible arm passes through third piston rod and telescopic link and connects respectively the third cylinder with a location section of thick bamboo, the locating lever is fixed in the top of flexible arm, be equipped with the locating part on the locating lever.
3. The method for manufacturing an internally splined gear for a construction vehicle according to claim 2, wherein: the upper positioning ring is provided with a collecting port, an air pump and a collecting box are arranged between the upper positioning ring and the lower positioning ring, and the air pump is located below the collecting box.
4. The method for manufacturing an internally splined gear for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the slewing mechanism includes support column, sleeve, auxiliary disc and carousel, the support column is fixed in on the bottom plate, the sleeve rotates to be connected on the support column, the carousel passes through the auxiliary disc is fixed in telescopic top, evenly be equipped with the recess on the outer circumference side of the top surface of auxiliary disc, the bottom surface of auxiliary disc is annular evenly distributed and has spacing round, spacing round is fixed in through the bolt on the auxiliary disc, the bolt is located in the recess, adjacent two be equipped with the response piece between the spacing round.
5. The method for manufacturing an internally splined gear for a work vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: the telescopic bottom center is equipped with the pivot, be equipped with driven gear in the pivot, driven gear is located in the support column, be equipped with first motor in the support column, be connected with the driving gear on the output shaft of first motor, the driving gear with driven gear intermeshing.
6. The method for manufacturing an internally splined gear for a work vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: the telescopic bottom surface is equipped with first ball, first ball supports the top surface of support column, be equipped with annular strip on the outer circumference side of support column, be equipped with the draw-in groove on the telescopic inner wall, be equipped with the second ball in the draw-in groove, the second ball supports the surface of annular strip.
7. The method for manufacturing an internally splined gear for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the spline broach mechanism comprises a spline broach and a second cylinder, the spline broach is connected with the second cylinder through a second piston rod, and the second cylinder is connected with the bottom plate through a lifting mechanism.
8. The method for manufacturing an internally splined gear for a work vehicle according to claim 1, wherein: the limiting mechanism comprises a fixing block, a fourth cylinder and a limiting rod, the fixing block is fixed on the bottom plate, the fourth cylinder is fixed on the fixing block through an L-shaped frame, sliding rails are symmetrically arranged on the top surface of the fixing block, the limiting rod is fixed on a guide block, the guide block is connected with the sliding rails through sliding blocks, and the limiting rod is connected with the fourth cylinder through a fourth piston rod.
9. The manufacturing method of an internally splined gear for a work vehicle according to claim 4, wherein: the detection mechanism comprises a horizontal plate, a fixing column and a U-shaped block, the horizontal plate is fixed on the bottom plate through the fixing column, a T-shaped groove is formed in the horizontal plate, the U-shaped block is connected to the T-shaped groove through an ear plate, a notch is formed in the U-shaped block, an infrared sensor is arranged on the inner wall of the notch, a signal transmitter is arranged on the U-shaped block, the infrared sensor is electrically connected with the signal transmitter, and the size of the notch is larger than that of the induction sheet.
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| CN202210423420.5A CN114850809B (en) | 2022-04-21 | 2022-04-21 | Manufacturing method of internal spline gear for engineering vehicle |
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| CN112792523A (en) * | 2020-12-28 | 2021-05-14 | 江阴市万里锻件有限公司 | Preparation method of high-strength gear for excavator |
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| CN103707020A (en) * | 2013-12-12 | 2014-04-09 | 浙江浦江齿轮有限公司 | Processing process of internal spline gear used in agricultural machinery equipment transmission case |
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