CN103705511B - N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺的医药用途 - Google Patents
N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺的医药用途 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及化学结构式I 所示的N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺在制备流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂中的应用:Ⅰ式中R选自:C1~C2烷基、C3~C4直链或支链烷基;R1选自:C1~C2烷基、C3~C11直链或支链烷基、C12~C17直链或支链烷基、乙烯基、丙烯基、含双键或三键的C4~C17烃基。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及化合物的制备方法,具体是N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺的制备方法及其在制备流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂中的应用。
背景技术
流感病毒表面有两种糖蛋白:血凝素(HA)和神经氨酸酶(NA)。由于NA在流感病毒的变异过程中具有相对保守性,使其成为设计、合成抗流感药物非常好的靶标。NA可催化裂解宿主细胞表面糖蛋白末端的N-乙酰氨基神经氨酸酶,释放出成熟的流感病毒体,并阻止新病毒体的聚集。此外,NA通过改变表面糖蛋白HA的碳水化合物部分,增强毒性,促进病毒从受感染的宿主细胞中释放,引起或加重流感症状。因此,NA抑制剂可通过抑制NA活性来抑制流感病毒复制和毒性。
人感染禽流感,是由禽流感病毒引起的人类疾病。流感病毒一般可分为A型、B型和C型,其中A型即通常所说的禽流感,对人及多种动物有致病力。A型流感病毒的抗原变异性最强,常根据HA和NA抗原性的不同将其分为16个HA亚型(H1~H16)和9个NA亚型(N1~N9)。至今发现能直接感染人的禽流感病毒亚型有:H5N1、H7N1、H7N2、H7N3、H7N7、H9N2、H7N9和H10N8亚型。其中,高致病性H5N1亚型于1997年在香港首次发现能直接感染人类,2003年7月之后,H5N1禽流感疫情呈现前所未有的暴发,波及亚洲、北美洲、欧洲和非洲17个国家和地区,造成数百人感染及死亡,直接经济损失高达100亿美元。2003年3月,荷兰发生H7N7型禽流感并波及整个欧洲,人类感染者达83例,不仅造成了人类的伤亡,同时重创了家禽养殖业。2009年3月底,墨西哥暴发人感染H1N1型猪流感疫情并扩散到世界各地,据世界卫生组织于2010年2月26日发布的甲型H1N1流感全球情况报告,至少有213个国家和地区的16226例病人死于这场大流感。经过基因序列分析,H1N1型病毒包含人流感病毒、北美禽流感病毒和北美、欧、亚猪流感病毒基因片段,为几种不同物种流感病毒的混合毒株,而非单独一种猪流感或禽流感病毒。2013年3月,我国首次发现人感染H7N9禽流感病例,截止2013年12月26日,世界卫生组织公布的H7N9禽流感确诊148人,死亡43人,该疫情造成经济损失达65亿美元左右。
随着流感病毒的加速变异及不同亚型病毒在物种间重组概率的增加,流感作为世界范围的季节性流行性传染疾病,对人类健康的威胁正日益增加和严峻。神经氨酸酶(NA)抑制剂是抗A型流感病毒的第一线药物。神经氨酸酶(NA)抑制剂有Zanamivir、Oseltamivir和Peramivir等类型化合物,其中Oseltamivir应用广泛。但研究已发现一些病毒株对Oseltamivir产生了耐药性,因此迫切需要研究新型抗A型流感病毒药。
发明内容
以下实施例旨在说明本发明而不是对本发明的进一步限定。
实施例1
N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]乙酰胺的制备
2 mmol 4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-胺,6.0 mL乙酸酐,50℃反应1.5 h,冷却后倒入冰水中搅拌,得到N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]乙酰胺,收率90.6%,m.p. 190~191℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.13(s,9H,3×CH3),2.29(s,3H,CH3),8.12(s,1H,C2N3H2
3-H),8.28(s,1H,C2N3H2
5-H),9.16(s,1H,NH)。
实施例2
N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]丙酰胺的制备
按实施例1的方法,4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-胺与丙酸酐反应0.5 h,得到N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]丙酰胺,收率87.2%,m.p. 159~161℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.13(s,9H,3×CH3),1.28(t,J = 7.6 Hz,3H,CH3),2.54(q,J = 7.6 Hz,2H,CH2),8.15(s,1H,C2N3H2
3-H),8.31(s,1H,C2N3H2
5-H),9.49(s,1H,NH)。
实施例3
N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]-2-丁烯酰胺的制备
2 mmol 4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-胺溶于20.0 mL二氯甲烷中,加入2.2 mmol 2-丁烯酸,0.03 g 4-二甲氨基吡啶(DMAP),0.5 h后加入2.2 mmol N,N'-二环己基碳二亚胺(DCC),室温搅拌,反应6.0 h,反应液用碳酸氢钠水溶液中和,静置,分层,有机层用无水硫酸钠干燥,过滤,旋蒸,柱层析得到N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基] -2-丁烯酰胺,收率35.8%,m.p. 205~208℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:1.15(s,9H,3×CH3),1.98(dd,J = 7.0 Hz,J = 1.6 Hz,3H,CH3),5.99(dd,J = 14.2 Hz,J = 1.6 Hz,1H,3'-H),7.13-7.19(m,1H,2'-H),8.12(s,1H,C2N3H2
3-H),8.26(s,1H,C2N3H2
5-H),8.92(s,1H,NH)。
实施例4
N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]己酰胺的制备
按实施例3的方法,4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-胺与己酸反应7.0 h,得到N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]己酰胺,收率68.5%,m.p. 173~174℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.92(t,J = 6.8 Hz,3H,CH3),1.15(s,9H,3×CH3),1.35-1.38(m,4H,2',3'-H),1.76(m,2H,4'-H),2.48(t,J = 7.6 Hz,2H,5'-H),8.12(s,1H,C2N3H2
3-H),8.26(s,1H,C2N3H2
5-H),9.16(s,1H,NH)。
实施例5
N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]辛酰胺的制备
按实施例3的方法,4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-胺与辛酸反应5.5 h,得到N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]辛酰胺,收率62.5%,m.p. 138~140℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.87-0.90(m,3H,CH3),1.13(s,9H,3×CH3),1.29-1.34(m,8H,2',3',4',5' -H),1.75-1.77(m,2H,6'-H),2.47(t,J = 7.6 Hz,2H,7'-H),8.12(s,1H,C2N3H2
3-H),8.27(s,1H,C2N3H2
5-H),9.00(s,1H,NH)。
实施例6
N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]-2-乙基己酰胺的制备
按实施例3的方法,4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-胺与2-乙基己酸反应6.0 h,得到N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]-2-乙基己酰胺,收率39.8%,m.p. 133~135℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.89(t,3H,J = 7.0 Hz,1'-H),0.95(t,J = 7.4 Hz,3H,7'-H),1.14(s,9H,3×CH3),1.29-1.32(m,4H,2',3'-H),1.57-1.64(m,2H,4'-H),1.71-1.75(m,2H,6'-H),2.26(m,1H,5'-H),8.12(s,1H,C2N3H2
3-H),8.26(s,1H,C2N3H2
5-H),8.96(s,1H,NH)。
实施例7
N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]月桂酰胺的制备
按实施例3的方法,4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-胺与月桂酸反应6.0 h,得到N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]月桂酰胺,收率54.3%,m.p. 103~105℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.88(t,J = 6.8 Hz,3H,CH3),1.13(s,9H,3×CH3),1.26-1.36(m,16H,2'~9'-H),1.71-1.75(m,2H,10'-H),2.47(t,J = 7.4 Hz,2H,11'-H),8.11(s,1H,C2N3H2
3-H),8.26(s,1H,C2N3H2
5-H),8.98(s,1H,NH)。
实施例8
N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]硬脂酰胺的制备
按实施例3的方法,4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-胺与硬脂酸反应5.0 h,得到N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]硬脂酰胺,收率89.2%,m.p. 88~90℃。1H NMR(400 MHz,CDCl3)δ:0.88(t,J = 7.0 Hz,3H,CH3),1.13(s,9H,3×CH3),1.25-1.33(m,28H,2'~15'-H),1.70-1.74(m,2H,16'-H),2.47(t,J = 7.6 Hz,2H,17'-H),8.12(s,1H,C2N3H2
3-H),8.26(s,1H,C2N3H2
5-H),9.42(s,1H,NH)。
实施例9
N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺的抗流感病毒神经氨酸酶活性
1. 实验原理
化合物MUNANA是神经氨酸酶的特异性底物,在神经氨酸酶作用下产生的代谢产物在360 nm照射激发下,可以产生450 nm荧光,荧光强度的变化可以灵敏地反应神经氨酸酶活性。酶都来自A/PR/8/34 (H1N1)病毒毒株
2. 实验方法
在酶反应体系中,一定浓度样品与流感病毒神经氨酸酶NA悬浮于反应缓冲液中(pH 6.5),加入荧光底物MUNANA启动反应体系,37˚C孵育40分钟后, 加反应终止液终止反应。在激发波长360 nm和发射波长为 450 nm的参数条件下,测定荧光强度值。反应体系的荧光强度可以反映酶的活性。根据荧光强度的减少量可以计算化合物对NA活性的抑制率
3. 检测样品:N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺(Ⅰ):
Ⅰ
式中R选自:C1~C2烷基、C3~C4直链或支链烷基;R1选自:C1~C2烷基、C3~C11直链或支链烷基、C12~C17直链或支链烷基、乙烯基、丙烯基、含双键或三键的C4~C17烃基
4.活性结果
优选化合物N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]-2-丁烯酰胺和N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]月桂酰胺在反应系统中检测浓度40.0 μg/mL时对神经氨酸酶的抑制率分别为40.34%和39.12%
N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺具有良好的抗流感病毒神经氨酸酶活性,可用于制备流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂。
Claims (3)
1.化学结构式I所示的N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺在制备流感病毒神经氨酸酶抑制剂中的应用:
式中R选自:C1~C2烷基、C3~C4直链或支链烷基;R1选自:C11直链烷基、C12直链烷基、乙烯基、丙烯基或丁烯基。
2.如权利要求1所述的应用,其中式I所示的N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺选自N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]-2-丁烯酰胺。
3.如权利要求1所述的应用,其中式I所示的N-[5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]脂肪酰胺选自N-[4-叔丁基-5-(1,2,4-三唑-1-基)噻唑-2-基]月桂酰胺。
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