CN103701235A - Variable speed hydro generator - Google Patents
Variable speed hydro generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN103701235A CN103701235A CN201310085408.9A CN201310085408A CN103701235A CN 103701235 A CN103701235 A CN 103701235A CN 201310085408 A CN201310085408 A CN 201310085408A CN 103701235 A CN103701235 A CN 103701235A
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- generator
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Abstract
The invention relates to a variable speed hydro generator which is applied to hydropower stations with large water head amplitude. By adopting the variable speed hydro generator, the problems of low operating efficiency, severe cavitation and wear of water turbine blades and the like, caused by large water head amplitude, of conventional water-turbine generator sets are solved. The rotor of the hydro generator adopts a three-phase wound-rotor design, and adjusts the exciting current frequency of the variable speed hydro generator through an alternating current excitation device according to the situation of water head change, so that the set is operated at nearly optimal unit rotational speed, the operating efficiency of the set is improved, the vibration, cavitation and wear of the set are reduced, and the service life of the set is prolonged.
Description
One, technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of variable-ratio hydraulic generator, this hydraulic generator is applicable to the hydroelectric station that head luffing is larger.This hydraulic generator rotor adopts the design of three-phase Wound-rotor type, by AC excitation device, carries out excitation.Adopt variable-ratio hydraulic generator can effectively solve the problems such as conventional hydraulic generator unit is low because of larger the caused operational efficiency of head luffing, turbine blade cavitation wear is serious.This improves unit operation efficiency for the larger hydroelectric station of head luffing and has proposed new solution.
Two, background technology
Hydraulic generator can be converted to electric energy by water, is the elementary cell in hydroelectric station.Conventional hydraulic generator unit adopts the synchronous generator of DC excitation conventionally, can only under specified synchronous speed, move, and generator speed immobilizes, without adjusting leeway; In addition, the conventional hydraulic turbine is all designed to be issued to optimum unit speed at weight average head conventionally, and hydraulic turbine operation has good performance and higher efficiency near optimum unit speed.Yet when change of water level, unit speed of hydraulic turbine also changes thereupon, and when it has departed from optimum unit speed, turbine efficiency reduces, and cavitation number strengthens, and abrasion and unit vibration increase, and unit operation operating mode worsens.
Common hydroelectric station is no matter be to put into operation at the initial stage or formally put into operation, and its head all exists wider excursion, make the hydraulic turbine cannot continuous service in optimum condition.Therefore,, in order to improve unit operation operating mode, be applicable to adopting variable-ratio hydraulic generator.China's hydropower resources are abundant, the river of high concentration of sediment is more, if unit adopts variable-ratio hydraulic generator, can be when head luffing be larger, correspondingly regulator generator rotating speed, runs near the optimum unit speed of the hydraulic turbine generating set all the time, thereby, improve hydraulic generator unit operational efficiency, reduced vibration of hydrogenerator set, cavitation erosion and wearing and tearing, extended the life-span of the hydraulic turbine.
At present China is built and in the hydroelectric station of building, be the conventional hydraulic generator unit that adopts DC excitation substantially, adopt the current domestic corresponding technology transfer that also do not have of variable-ratio hydraulic generator unit of AC excitation, the attitude of always taking technology to hold in close confidence to China abroad.My unit starts just to set about independent development and design communication excitation variable-ratio hydraulic generator unit from eighties of last century the eighties, has grasped exploitation and the designed capacity of AC excitation variable-ratio hydraulic generator unit now.At present, the 6500kW variable-ratio hydraulic generator unit of You Wo unit's independent research successfully puts into operation in Xinjiang Yili of China people power station, has filled up the blank of domestic AC excitation variable-ratio hydraulic generator unit.
Three, summary of the invention
In order to make up conventional hydraulic generator unit because problem, special this variable-ratio hydraulic generator of invention such as the unit operation efficiency that causes more greatly of head luffing is low, turbine blade cavitation wear is serious.
Generator amature adopts Wound-rotor type structural design, by AC excitation device, for it, provides three-phase AC excitation electric current, and the relation of generator amature mechanical frequency and exciting current frequency meets:
f 1?=
?f 2?+
f m
Note:
f 1=50Hz is stator field frequency;
f 2for exciting current frequency;
f mfor rotor mechanical frequency,
f mscope be 45 ~ 55Hz.
Variable-ratio hydraulic generator is vertical three-phase variable-speed generator, adopts totally-enclosed circulating air chiller system, and generator is vertical shaft suspension type unit.
Generator design parameter is as follows:
Rated power: 6500kW
Rated voltage: 6300V
Rated current: 744.6A
Rated frequency: 50 Hz
Rated power factor: 0.8 (hysteresis)
Rated speed: 250r/min
Runaway speed: 500r/min
The number of phases: 3
Short circuit ratio: 0.96
Direction of rotation: overlook as clockwise
Variable-ratio hydraulic generator is regulated the frequency of exciting current by AC excitation device according to the variation of head, in order to make up the variation of the generator speed that change of water level brings, thereby effectively regulate the hydraulic turbine to be operated in high efficient area; Unit not only can be realized metasynchronism generating but also can realize supersynchronous generating.
Four, accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is generator general assembly drawing;
Parts label declaration in schematic diagram:
1 collector ring 2 brush holder 3 upper bracket 4 rotor 5 stator 6 aerial cooler 7 brake 8 lower bearing brackets
Fig. 2 is generator outline drawing;
Parts label declaration in schematic diagram:
3 upper bracket 6 aerial cooler 8 lower bearing brackets
Fig. 3 is the installation diagram of generator amature 4 in Fig. 1;
Parts label declaration in schematic diagram:
20 rotating shaft 21 yoke 22 magnetic pole 23 fan 24 generator lead wires
Fig. 4 is the installation diagram of generator unit stator 5 in Fig. 1;
Parts label declaration in schematic diagram:
30 terminal clamp 31 stator core 32 bus-bar 33 support 34 stator coils
Fig. 5 is the installation diagram of generator upper bracket 3 in Fig. 1;
Parts label declaration in schematic diagram:
40 upper bracket cooler water inlet pipe 41 thrust bearing shoe valve 42 thrust bearing 43 upper bracket seal cover 44 top guide bearing 45 upper bracket oil coolers
Fig. 6 is the installation diagram of generator lower bearing bracket 8 in Fig. 1;
Parts label declaration in schematic diagram: 50 lower bearing bracket seal cover 51 lower guide bearing 52 lower oil pan 53 lower bearing bracket oil coolers
Fig. 7 is variable-ratio hydraulic generator unit operation principle.
Five, embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the invention will be further described.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the structure of generator is vertical structure, parts such as stator 5, rotor 4, upper bracket 3, lower bearing bracket 8, aerial cooler 6, brake 7 and collector ring 1 and brush holders 2, consists of.
Fig. 3 is the trim designs figure of the rotor 4 of generator in Fig. 1.Generator amature 4 adopts the design of three-phase Wound-rotor type, by rotating shaft 20, yoke 21, magnetic pole 22 and fan 23 etc., formed, rotor upper and lower end is equipped with scoop-type fan 23 for getting rid of stator 5, the interior hot blast of rotor 4, rotor 4 classes of insulation are F level, rotor 4 windings are connected with the collector ring 1 that is fixed on axle head by motor lead 24, then are connected with AC excitation device by the brush of 2 li of brush holders.
Fig. 4 is the assembling drawing of the stator 5 of generator in Fig. 1, and generator unit stator 5 is comprised of support, stator core 31 and stator coil 34 etc., after dress foundary weight core and rule, is combined into an integral body with support.The bus-bar 32 of stator winding through being fixed on support 33 is connected with external equipment to terminal clamp 30.Support is by Plate Welding, and support is upper and lower has four support ring flat-plates, between ring flat-plate, with link of boards, usings and strengthens the rigidity of structure and prop up and lean on as iron core.Support maximum outside diameter is 3.8m, and height is 1.845m, and support outer wall is equipped with 4 rectangular openings, cooling for 4 aerial coolers.
Fig. 5 is the installation diagram of the upper bracket 3 of generator in Fig. 1, the load-carrying frame that upper bracket is generator, and it is positioned on the stator 5 on rotor 4 tops.Upper bracket 3 mainly comprises the parts such as thrust bearing shoe valve 41, thrust bearing 42, upper bracket seal cover 43, top guide bearing 44, upper bracket oil cooler 45, and cooling water inlet pipe 40 is also positioned on upper bracket.
Fig. 6 is the lower bearing bracket 8 of generator in Fig. 1.Lower bearing bracket 8 mainly comprises the parts such as lower bearing bracket seal cover 50, lower guide bearing 51, lower oil pan 52, lower bearing bracket oil cooler 53.The machine has a thrust bearing and two guide bearings.Top guide bearing 44 and thrust bearing 41 are positioned at upper bracket food tray, and lower guide bearing 51 is positioned at lower bearing bracket food tray.
Fig. 7 is variable-ratio hydraulic generator unit fundamental diagram, the as we can see from the figure operation principle of unit: AC excitation device from electrical network power taking, provides three-phase AC excitation electric current to variable-ratio hydraulic generator rotor through excitation transformer.According to change of water level situation, complex automatic system is assigned rotary speed instruction to AC excitation device, regulates the size of variable-ratio hydraulic generator exciting current frequency by AC excitation device, makes unit operation near optimum unit speed.Thereby, improved the operational efficiency of hydraulic generator unit, reduced vibration, cavitation erosion, the wearing and tearing of hydraulic generator unit, extended unit useful life.
Complex automatic system is assigned meritorious instruction to speed regulator, by speed regulator, regulates guide vane opening, the object regulating to reach the power of the assembling unit.
The present invention can be widely used in the hydroelectric station that head luffing is larger, can effectively improve the operational efficiency of unit, reduces unit vibration, turbine blade cavitation wear.
The invention is not restricted to above-mentioned execution mode, adopt the structure identical or approximate with the above embodiment of the present invention, and be applied to water power field, all within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. an AC excitation MW class variable-ratio hydraulic generator, is characterized in that generator amature (4) adopts the design of three-phase Wound-rotor type, provides three-phase AC excitation electric current by AC excitation device for it.
2. variable-ratio hydraulic generator as claimed in claim 1, while it is characterized in that unit operation, generator amature (4) mechanical frequency scope is 45 ~ 55Hz.
3. the variable-ratio hydraulic generator as described in claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that unit is when head changes, the size that regulates variable-ratio hydraulic generator exciting current frequency by AC excitation device, makes unit operation near optimum unit speed, and meets following relational expression:
f 1?=
f 2+
f m
Note:
f 1=50Hz is stator field frequency;
f 2for exciting current frequency;
f mfor rotor mechanical frequency,
f mscope be 45 ~ 55Hz.
4. variable-ratio hydraulic generator as claimed in claim 1, its structure is vertical, mainly by parts such as stator (5), rotor (4), upper bracket (3), lower bearing bracket (8), collector ring (1), brush holders (2), formed, the machine has a thrust bearing and two guide bearings, adopts 4 aerial coolers (6) cooling.
5. variable-ratio hydraulic generator as claimed in claim 1, its rotor (4) is comprised of rotating shaft (20), yoke (21), magnetic pole (22), fan (23) and generator lead wire (24) etc., rotor (4) upper and lower end is equipped with scoop-type fan (23) for getting rid of stator (5), the interior hot blast of rotor (4), and rotor (4) class of insulation is F level.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310085408.9A CN103701235A (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Variable speed hydro generator |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310085408.9A CN103701235A (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Variable speed hydro generator |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103701235A true CN103701235A (en) | 2014-04-02 |
Family
ID=50362679
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310085408.9A Pending CN103701235A (en) | 2013-03-18 | 2013-03-18 | Variable speed hydro generator |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN103701235A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106640483A (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆宙盾新能源技术开发有限公司 | Magnetic suspension water turbine-generator set |
| CZ306869B6 (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-08-16 | Ăšstav termomechaniky AV ÄŚR, v.v.i. | An impulse exciting system of a vane wheel with an increased exciting force |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2348130Y (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 1999-11-10 | 李修太 | Hydraulic speed-changing generator |
| CN1416200A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2003-05-07 | 陈亚林 | New type ventilation system of vertical hydraulic gengrator |
| CN1705206A (en) * | 2004-05-31 | 2005-12-07 | 中原工学院 | Rotor multi three-phase AC excitation asynchronous hydraulic generator |
| CN102223037A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-10-19 | 宁玉泉 | Novel variable-speed salient-pole synchronous motor and huge rotary frequency converter |
-
2013
- 2013-03-18 CN CN201310085408.9A patent/CN103701235A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2348130Y (en) * | 1998-10-13 | 1999-11-10 | 李修太 | Hydraulic speed-changing generator |
| CN1416200A (en) * | 2002-11-05 | 2003-05-07 | 陈亚林 | New type ventilation system of vertical hydraulic gengrator |
| CN1705206A (en) * | 2004-05-31 | 2005-12-07 | 中原工学院 | Rotor multi three-phase AC excitation asynchronous hydraulic generator |
| CN102223037A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2011-10-19 | 宁玉泉 | Novel variable-speed salient-pole synchronous motor and huge rotary frequency converter |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| 宫玉龙等: "1000r/min立式水轮发电机初步设计制造工艺", 《科技咨询导报》 * |
| 赵朝明等: "苏帕河阿鸠田电站水轮发电机设计", 《云南水力发电》 * |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CZ306869B6 (en) * | 2016-06-08 | 2017-08-16 | Ăšstav termomechaniky AV ÄŚR, v.v.i. | An impulse exciting system of a vane wheel with an increased exciting force |
| CN106640483A (en) * | 2016-12-24 | 2017-05-10 | 重庆宙盾新能源技术开发有限公司 | Magnetic suspension water turbine-generator set |
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| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
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Application publication date: 20140402 |