CN103700924B - Circularly polarized angle diversity antenna - Google Patents
Circularly polarized angle diversity antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN103700924B CN103700924B CN201310652946.1A CN201310652946A CN103700924B CN 103700924 B CN103700924 B CN 103700924B CN 201310652946 A CN201310652946 A CN 201310652946A CN 103700924 B CN103700924 B CN 103700924B
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- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 claims description 45
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract 1
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
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Abstract
The invention discloses a circularly polarized angle diversity antenna which comprises an upper medium plate, a lower medium plate, a first folding metal line, a second folding metal line, metal columns and a metal plate ground, wherein the first folding metal line is printed on the upper surface of the upper medium plate and the lower surface of the lower medium plate; the part of the first folding metal line on the upper medium plate and the part of the first folding metal line on the lower medium plate are connected through four metal columns; the first folding metal line feeds power through the metal columns in the center; the second folding metal line is printed on the lower medium plate; the second folding metal line comprises a serial feed network, a first L-shaped monopole, a second L-shaped monopole, a third L-shaped monopole and a fourth L-shaped monopole; a horizontal omnidirectional circularly polarized radiation direction graph is provided through the first folding metal line; a zenithal circularly polarized radiation direction graph is provided through the second folding metal line; with the combination of the two radiation direction graphs, circularly polarized coverage of an upper semispherical surface can be provided through the antenna. The antenna has the advantages of small size, low profile, wide band and easiness in manufacturing, and is applicable to design of vehicle-mounted satellite communication.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the antenna design techniques field of wireless communication technology, relate to a kind of circular polarization angle diversity antenna.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of wireless communication technology, satellite communication countermeasure system obtains investigation and application widely.Antenna is as sending, receiving electromagnetic device, and its performance directly determines the performance of whole wireless communication system.The usual demand fulfillment of antenna two requirements of satellite communication.First is be polarized to circular polarization.This is because electromagnetic wave is rotating by polarised direction during ionosphere, needs to overcome this Faraday rotation effect by circular polarization.Second is that the low elevation angle covers.This normally moves relative to the earth due to satellite, and within certain observing time, satellite and observation station can experience can not be seen as seen, arrives sightless process again.The low elevation angle covers and observation station can be made without the need to the running status of satellite tracking, all can receive and transmission of electromagnetic signals in visibility region.
Relative to land antenna, the requirement of airborne antenna is stricter.Due to aircraft the speed of service quickly, windage is very large, and the flight attitude of aircraft can constantly adjust, these restrictions require that airborne antenna is while meeting above-mentioned two requirements, goes back the requirement of demand fulfillment small size, light weight, low section, high mechanical properties.
Design a airborne antenna meeting above-mentioned requirements and be still a challenge at present.Current research adopts four-arm spiral antenna usually.The circular polarization electromagnetic wave that this antenna can provide the low elevation angle to cover.But it is the cost that increases to antenna height that the low elevation angle covers, and the heavier-weight of antenna, is not suitable for being used as airborne antenna.
Mode diversity technology is one of effective technology solving space covering.Its basic thought is the covering utilizing complementary directional diagram to realize signal.Suppose that antenna 1 can provide the circular polarization of zenith direction to cover, antenna 2 can provide the circular polarization of horizontal direction to cover.When observation station is at zenith direction, antenna 1 can be it and provides circularly polarized signal; When observation station in the horizontal direction time, antenna 2 can be it and provides circularly polarized signal; When observation station is from zenith toward horizontal motion, antenna 1 and antenna 2, as mimo antenna, can be it and provide two independently circular polarization channels, and move toward level point along with observation station, and the contribution minimizing of antenna 1, the contribution of antenna 2 increase.Experiment shows, antenna 1 and antenna 2 is joined together, ensures the high-isolation of two antennas, and the circular polarization of first sphere can be provided to cover.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of circular polarization angle diversity antenna covering first sphere.By two kinds of antenna combination are got up, present invention achieves the feature in miniaturization, low section, broadband, meet the requirement of airborne antenna.
To achieve these goals, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
Circular polarization angle diversity antenna, is characterized in that, comprises top dielectric plate 1, layer dielectric plate 2, first folded metal line 3, second folded metal line 4, metal column 5, metal plate ground the 6, second feed port 7 and the second feed port 8, wherein:
One deck air layer is had between top dielectric plate 1 and layer dielectric plate 2;
First folded metal line 3 is printed on the upper surface of top dielectric plate 1 and the lower surface of layer dielectric plate 2, is connected by four metal columns 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d;
First folded metal line 3 is connected with the second feed port 7 by center short circuit post 5e;
Second folded metal line 4 is printed on the upper surface of layer dielectric plate 2;
Second folded metal line 4 is connected with the second feed port 8;
Metal plate ground 6 is printed on the lower surface of layer dielectric plate 2.
4 branches 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d of described first folded metal line 3 and 4 branches 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d of connection metal post 5 are all symmetrical about central rotation.
The feeding network 4a of described second folded metal line 4 is networks of a serial feed;
The 4a branch of the second folded metal line 4 is connected with 4b branch, 4c branch, 4d branch, 4e branch, and 4 branches 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e are symmetrical about central rotation;
Each section of microstrip line length of 4a branch is the integral multiple of 1/16 centre wavelength;
The folding microstrip line length that the folding microstrip line length that 4e branch, 4d branch and 4c are branched off into the second feed port (8) is branched off into the second feed port (8) than 4b successively will grow 1/4 centre wavelength, 1/2 centre wavelength and 3/4 centre wavelength.By the impedance transformation of described feeding network (4a), the input signal of the second feed port (8) becomes to 4b branch, 4e branch, 4d branch, 4c the signal that 4 tunnel amplitudes are equal, phase place differs 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 ° successively.
The live width of 4 branches 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d of described first folded metal line 3 is all equal; The live width of feeding network 4a and 4 branch 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e of the second folded metal line 4 is all equal, and the radius of 5 branches 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d, 5e of metal column 5 is all equal.
The characteristic impedance of the feeding network 4a of described second folded metal line 4 is 50 ohm.
Described second feed port 7 and the second feed port 8 are coaxial port.
When described second feed port 7 encourages, the circular polarization of horizontal omnidirectional is provided to cover; When described second feed port 8 encourages, the circular polarization of zenith is provided to cover; In conjunction with these two kinds coverings, described antenna can provide the circular polarization of first sphere to cover.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) circular polarization of joining together two kinds of complementary directional diagrams to realize first sphere covers first time, and achieves high-isolation;
(2) while providing circular polarization and first sphere to cover, there is the advantage of small size, low section (about 0.38 λ × 0.07, λ × 0.38 λ, wherein 0.07 λ section height, λ is the wavelength in free space), light weight, low cost;
(3) there is the feature in broadband, cover the L2 frequency range of gps system, GLONASS system and Galileo system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the tomograph of antenna in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the upward view of antenna in Fig. 1, and on figure, the dimensional units of mark is millimeter (mm).
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of antenna layer dielectric plate in Fig. 1, and on figure, the dimensional units of mark is millimeter (mm).
Fig. 4 is the end view of antenna in Fig. 1, and on figure, the dimensional units of mark is millimeter (mm).
Fig. 5 is the reflection coefficient analogous diagram of antenna embodiment in Fig. 1, wherein:---represent the reflection coefficient of the second feed port 7,
represent the reflection coefficient of the second feed port 8,----represent the isolation coefficient of the second feed port 7 and the second feed port 8.
Fig. 6 is the axial ratio analogous diagram of antenna in Fig. 1, wherein:---represent the axial ratio of horizontal direction during port 7 feed,---the axial ratio of zenith direction during-expression port 8 feed.
Fig. 7 is the contour distribution map of axial ratio at first sphere at antenna 1.575GHz place when port 7 feed in Fig. 1, and wherein black curve represents the line of demarcation of 3dB axial ratio.
Fig. 8 is the contour distribution map of axial ratio at first sphere at antenna 1.575GHz place when port 8 feed in Fig. 1, and wherein black curve represents the line of demarcation of 3dB axial ratio.
Fig. 9 is the contour distribution map of left-hand circular polarization gain at first sphere at antenna 1.575GHz place when port 7 feed in Fig. 1.
Figure 10 is the contour distribution map of left-hand circular polarization gain at first sphere at antenna 1.575GHz place when port 8 feed in Fig. 1.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further details.
Fig. 1 is the tomograph of circular polarization angle diversity antenna of the present invention.The structure of antenna comprises the air layer between top dielectric plate 1, layer dielectric plate 2 and two blocks of dielectric-slabs.The upper surface of top dielectric plate 1 is printed with a part for the first folded metal line 3.The lower surface of layer dielectric plate 2 is printed with another part of the first folded metal line 3.These two parts of first folded metal line 3 are connected by 4 metal column branches 5a, 5b, 5c, 5d.First folded metal line 3 is connected to layer dielectric plate 2 by center short circuit post 5e, connects with the first feed port 7.The upper surface of layer dielectric plate 2 is printed with the second folded metal line 4, and lower surface is printed with metal plate ground 6.First folded metal line 3 is by coaxial fitting 7 feed, and the second folded metal line 4 is by coaxial fitting 8 feed.
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of circular polarization angle diversity antenna of the present invention.4 branch shape of the first folded metal line 3 are identical, include an oblique line and the L shape broken line being connected this oblique line one end, one end of four oblique lines connects in the center right-angled intersection of top dielectric plate 1, the angle on the oblique line of any one branch and the limit of top dielectric plate 1 is 45 °, L shape broken line moves towards consistent with the edge of top dielectric plate 1, and 4 branches are symmetrical about the central rotation of top dielectric plate 1.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of circular polarization angle diversity antenna layer dielectric plate 2 of the present invention.4 branches 3a, 3b, 3c, 3d of first folded metal line 3 are printed in the lower surface of layer dielectric plate 2, symmetrical about central rotation.The core 4a of the second folded metal line 4 is serial feed network.Each section of microstrip line of feeding network is the integral multiple of 1/16th centre wavelength.By impedance transformation, it is equal that the signal of the second feed port 8 can be transformed to 4 tunnel amplitudes by this feeding network, and phase place circumferentially direction differs the signal of 90 ° successively.4 L shape monopole branches 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e of second folded metal line 4 are connected with 4 signal outputs of feeding network 4a.4 L shape monopole branches 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e of second folded metal line 4 are symmetrical about central rotation.
Fig. 2 is the end view of circular polarization angle diversity antenna of the present invention.Top dielectric plate 1 and layer dielectric plate 2 all adopt the FR4 sheet material of relative dielectric constant 4.4.The thickness of top dielectric plate 1 and layer dielectric plate 2 is 0.8mm, and the air layer thickness of two layer medium plate is 12mm.
Technical scheme of the present invention is achieved in that
First folded metal line 3 produces standing wave distribution by the second feed port 7 pumping signal.The metal wire of the first folded metal line 3 horizontal direction provides the electric field of horizontal direction, and the metal wire of vertical direction provides the electric field of vertical direction.Observe from the observation station being positioned at horizontal direction, first folded metal line 3 can produce level and vertical two electric field components, distance due to each point of fragmented observation station of the first folded metal line 3 is unequal provides space quadrature, and therefore the first folded metal line 3 can produce the circularly polarised wave of horizontal direction.
The core 4a of the second folded metal line 4 is serial feed networks.By impedance transformation, the pumping signal of the second feed port 8 can be divided into 4 tunnel amplitudes equal by this network, and phase place differs the signal of 90 ° successively along clockwise.4 L shape monopole branches 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e of second folded metal line 4 are connected with 4 signal outputs of feeding network 4a.According to revolving-field theory, when the FD feed amplitude of 4 L shape monopole branches 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e is equal, relative phase difference is followed successively by 0 °, 90 °, 180 ° and 270 °, circular polarization can be produced at zenith direction.
When observation station is at zenith direction, the second folded metal line 4 can be it provides circularly polarized signal; When observation station in the horizontal direction time, the first folded metal line 3 can be it provides circularly polarized signal; When observation station is from zenith toward horizontal motion, the first folded metal line 3 and the second folded metal line 4, as the mimo antenna of mode diversity, can be it and provide two independently circular polarization channels.And move toward horizontal direction along with observation station, the contribution of the second folded metal line 4 reduces, the contribution of the first folded metal line 3 increases.Combine the antenna pattern of two antennas, ensure the high-isolation of two antennas, this circular polarization angle diversity antenna can provide the circular polarization of first sphere to cover.
The concrete outcome of this inventive embodiment is described as follows:
Make antenna according to Fig. 1 structure and Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 illustrated dimension, the simulation result of this antenna is as shown in Fig. 5, Fig. 6, Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, Figure 10.
The S parameter curve of this antenna as shown in Figure 5.The impedance bandwidth of the reflection coefficient S11 curve display-10dB of the second feed port 7 is 6.5%(1.515 ~ 1.62GHz, relative to centre frequency 1.575GHz
For 105MHz).The impedance bandwidth of the reflection coefficient S22 curve display-10dB of the second feed port 8 is 17.8%(1.445 ~ 1.725GHz, is 280MHz relative to centre frequency 1.575GHz).The impedance bandwidth of-the 10dB of two port coincidences is 6.5%(1.515 ~ 1.62GHz).At the isolation of coincidence bandwidth inner port 7 and port 8 at below-30dB, ensure that two antennas have very high isolation.
The axial ratio curve of this antenna as shown in Figure 6.When excitation first folded metal line 3, the axial ratio in horizontal plane in whole frequency range all at below 3dB; When excitation second folded metal line 4, being 8.9%(1.51 ~ 1.65GHz in the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth of zenith direction, is 140MHz relative to centre frequency 1.575GHz).The coincidence 3dB axial ratio bandwidth that this two metal wire provides is 8.9%(1.51 ~ 1.65GHz).The reflection coefficient simultaneously meeting two-port all below-10dB, the axial ratio of two metal wires is all 6.5%(1.515 ~ 1.62GHz in the coincidence bandwidth of below 3dB), this bandwidth can cover the L2 frequency range of gps system, GLONASS system and Galileo system.
When excitation port 7, Fig. 7 shows and distributes in the axial ratio of first sphere of 1.575GHz place.Black curve represents 3dB axial ratio line of demarcation.In the space to θ=90 °, θ=15 °, axial ratio is all less than 3dB.When excitation port 8, Fig. 8 shows and distributes in the axial ratio of first sphere of 1.575GHz place.Black curve represents 3dB axial ratio line of demarcation.In the space to θ=40 °, θ=0 °, axial ratio is all less than 3dB.In conjunction with two kinds of excitations, this antenna can cover first sphere whole.
When excitation port 7, Fig. 9 shows the left-hand circular polarization gain profiles at first sphere of 1.575GHz place.In the space to θ=90 °, θ=40 °, left-hand circular polarization gain is all more than-1dBic.When excitation port 8, Figure 10 shows the left-hand circular polarization gain profiles at first sphere of 1.575GHz place.In the space to θ=45 °, θ=0 °, left-hand circular polarization gain is all at more than 0dBic.If with the interface that θ=40 ° are two kinds of excitation radiation directional diagrams, then this antenna can provide gain at the left-hand circular polarization ripple of more than-1dBic at first sphere whole.
First sphere circular polarization that described circular polarization angle diversity antenna can realize broadband in the volume of 0.38 λ × 0.07, λ × 0.38 λ covers.
Claims (9)
1. circular polarization angle diversity antenna, it is characterized in that, comprise top dielectric plate (1), layer dielectric plate (2), the first folded metal line (3), the second folded metal line (4), metal column (5), metal plate ground (6), the first feed port (7) and the second feed port (8), wherein:
One deck air layer is had between top dielectric plate (1) and layer dielectric plate (2);
First folded metal line (3) has two, is printed on the upper surface of top dielectric plate (1) and the lower surface of layer dielectric plate (2) respectively, is connected by four metal column branches (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d);
First folded metal line (3) is connected with the first feed port (7) by center short circuit post (5e);
Second folded metal line (4) is printed on the upper surface of layer dielectric plate (2);
Second folded metal line (4) is connected with the second feed port (8);
Metal plate ground (6) is printed on the lower surface of layer dielectric plate (2).
2. circular polarization angle diversity antenna according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, first folded metal line (3) is formed by symmetrical 4 branches (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) interconnection of central rotation about top dielectric plate upper surface, and the angle on the oblique line of any one branch and the limit of top dielectric plate (1) is 45 °; Described metal column (5) is made up of parallel 4 metal column branches (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d), and four metal column branches (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) connect the termination of upper and lower two the first folded metal lines (3) respectively.
3. circular polarization angle diversity antenna according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the apex drive network (4a) of the second folded metal line (4) is connected with 4 branches (4b, 4c, 4d, 4e), and 4 branches (4b, 4c, 4d, 4e) are symmetrical about the central rotation of layer dielectric plate upper surface.
4. circular polarization angle diversity antenna according to claim 3, is characterized in that, each section of microstrip line length of described feeding network (4a) is the integral multiple of 1/16 centre wavelength; The folding microstrip line length that the folding microstrip line length that the 4e branch of the second folded metal line (4), 4d branch and 4c are branched off into the second feed port (8) is branched off into the second feed port (8) than 4b successively will grow 1/4 centre wavelength, 1/2 centre wavelength and 3/4 centre wavelength; By the impedance transformation of described feeding network (4a), to 4b branch, 4e branch, 4d branch, 4c branch, the input signal of the second feed port (8) becomes that 4 tunnel amplitudes are equal, phase place differs the signal of 90 ° successively.
5. circular polarization angle diversity antenna according to claim 3, is characterized in that, 4 branch (4b, 4c, 4d, 4e) structures of described second folded metal line (4) are identical, are L shape monopole branch.
6. circular polarization angle diversity antenna according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the live width of 4 branches (3a, 3b, 3c, 3d) of the first folded metal line (3) is all equal; The feeding network (4a) of the second folded metal line (4) is all equal with the live width of 4 branches (4b, 4c, 4d, 4e), and the radius of 4 branches (5a, 5b, 5c, 5d) of metal column (5) is all equal.
7. circular polarization angle diversity antenna according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the characteristic impedance of the feeding network (4a) of the second folded metal line (4) is 50 ohm.
8. circular polarization angle diversity antenna according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the first feed port (7) and the second feed port (8) are coaxial port.
9. the circular polarization angle diversity antenna according to claim 6 or 8, is characterized in that, when the first feed port (7) encourages, provides the circular polarization of horizontal omnidirectional to cover; When the second feed port (8) encourages, the circular polarization of zenith is provided to cover; In conjunction with these two kinds coverings, described antenna can provide the circular polarization of first sphere to cover.
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| CN106785472A (en) * | 2016-12-09 | 2017-05-31 | 北京无线电计量测试研究所 | A kind of individual layer folding line circular polarisation selector |
| US11057846B2 (en) * | 2018-05-11 | 2021-07-06 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Method for transmitting capability information including power class information and wireless device |
| WO2020087399A1 (en) * | 2018-10-31 | 2020-05-07 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Circularly polarized antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2005102203A (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-04-14 | Thomson Licensing Sa | Polarization diversity antenna |
| CN102509875A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 云南大学 | Broadband planar two-antenna system |
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| US3803617A (en) * | 1972-04-14 | 1974-04-09 | Nasa | High efficiency multifrequency feed |
| DE10209060B4 (en) * | 2002-03-01 | 2012-08-16 | Heinz Lindenmeier | Reception antenna arrangement for satellite and / or terrestrial radio signals on vehicles |
| US20130012144A1 (en) * | 2011-07-05 | 2013-01-10 | Broadcom Corporation | Wireless communication device utilizing radiation-pattern and/or polarization coded modulation |
| CN103414015B (en) * | 2013-08-08 | 2015-08-19 | 清华大学 | Broadband three-dimensional omni-directional plane antenna |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005102203A (en) * | 2003-09-12 | 2005-04-14 | Thomson Licensing Sa | Polarization diversity antenna |
| CN102509875A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-06-20 | 云南大学 | Broadband planar two-antenna system |
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