CN103695056B - 一种低碳柴油添加剂 - Google Patents

一种低碳柴油添加剂 Download PDF

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CN103695056B
CN103695056B CN201310680411.5A CN201310680411A CN103695056B CN 103695056 B CN103695056 B CN 103695056B CN 201310680411 A CN201310680411 A CN 201310680411A CN 103695056 B CN103695056 B CN 103695056B
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CN103695056A (zh
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李翔
郭四虎
常永龙
吴跃曲
申志明
王俊利
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CRPC Innovation Energy Co., Ltd.
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SHANXI HUADUN INDUSTRY Co Ltd
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Abstract

一种低碳柴油添加剂,是由以下体积百分比的原料混合制成:甲缩醛75%-85%;脂肪酸甲酯5%-8%;碳酸二甲酯2%-6%;吐温T-60?0.1%-1%;丙酮2%-5%;二甲醚0.5%-2%;磷酸甲苯二苯酯0.5%-1%;六次甲基四胺0.2%-0.5%,并在每升添加剂中添加有1.5g-4g高氯酸钾。本发明低碳柴油添加剂原料易得,能够提高柴油燃烧效率、减少环境污染,并能清除柴油燃烧产生的沉淀物,兼具抗磨润滑效果,并延长内燃机的使用寿命。

Description

一种低碳柴油添加剂
技术领域
本发明涉及一种燃油添加剂,特别是涉及一种能够提高柴油燃烧效率,降低污染物排放量的添加剂。
背景技术
目前,机动车辆尾气排放已成为世界各大城市的主要污染源。相比汽油车,柴油车对环境的污染更为严重,而越来越多的车辆及各种内燃机使用的燃油都是柴油。柴油是碳原子数C10-C22之间的碳氢化合物,由于含碳量高,燃烧过程中仅仅依靠空气中的氧作为助燃剂并不能使之完全燃烧,因而冒出大量黑烟,造成油耗增加,浪费资源并对环境有很大的污染。
为了提高柴油的燃烧效率,市面上推出多种燃油添加剂,但现有的燃油添加剂有些虽能在一定程度上改善柴油在内燃机中的燃烧性能,但会造成内燃机生锈、积碳严重,大大降低内燃机的正常运行,且同样污染环境;有些虽能减少环境污染,但却并不能很好的提高柴油在内燃机中的燃烧效率,造成油耗增加;有些即便能提高柴油在内燃机中的燃烧效率并对环境污染有所改善,但效果也并不是很理想,且使用的原料成本较高、制作工艺较为复杂。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种原料易得、使用方便的能够提高柴油燃烧效率、减少环境污染,并能清除柴油燃烧产生的沉淀物兼具抗磨润滑效果的低碳柴油添加剂。
本发明的低碳柴油添加剂是由以下体积百分比的原料混合制成:甲缩醛75%-85%;脂肪酸甲酯5%-8%;碳酸二甲酯2%-6%;吐温T-600.1%-1%;丙酮2%-5%;二甲醚0.5%-2%;磷酸甲苯二苯酯0.5%-1%;六次甲基四胺0.2%-0.5%,并在每升添加剂中添加有1.5g-4g高氯酸钾。
本发明低碳柴油添加剂的具体制备方法是向反应釜中加入体积百分比为75%-85%的甲缩醛,加热并控温在35℃-40℃,依次加入体积百分比为5%-8%的脂肪酸甲酯、2%-6%的碳酸二甲酯、0.1%-1%的吐温T-60、2%-5%的丙酮、0.5%-2%的二甲醚、0.5%-1%的磷酸甲苯二苯酯和0.2%-0.5%的六次甲基四胺,以1.5-4g/L的质量体积浓度加入高氯酸钾,循环搅拌,反应4-5小时后冷却即得。
本发明的低碳柴油添加剂适用于在0号柴油中添加,适宜的添加量为0号柴油体积的10%-15%。具体为在常温常压下将0号柴油和低碳柴油添加剂依次加入反应釜中,搅拌均匀即可。
本发明的低碳柴油添加剂制作方便,加工容易,性能稳定,在空气中不分解,不宜蒸发损失,不仅可以提高柴油的燃烧效率,动力增大,还可以随同燃料完全燃烧,不产生沉淀、残渣,对燃料其他性质无不良影响,并且对清除表面(如燃烧室表面及燃油喷嘴表面)沉淀物具有良好的作用,对内燃机有抗磨润滑保护作用,同时还能够抑制微粒物质的生成,降低尾气排放的微粒及烟度,减少燃烧污染物的排放,并延长内燃机的使用寿命。
经大量详实的研究试验证明,本发明制备的低碳柴油添加剂在规定掺烧比例内,能够保证柴油各项技术参数均符合国标车用柴油要求并部分参数优于0号柴油(表1)。
以DF2135柴油机试验台进行发动机台架试验,使用FQD-102烟度计,NOA-7000氮氧化物测试仪,CW电涡流测功机进行测试,多次试验表明,使用添加有本发明添加剂的柴油与0号国标柴油相比,不同负荷率的工况下,热效率均提高2%-7%左右,烟度下降10%左右,氮氧化物排放量下降20%左右,可以有效降低污染物排放量,提高热效率,降低油耗(表2)。
具体实施方式
实施例1
向反应釜中加入甲缩醛75升,加热至35℃,依次加入脂肪酸甲酯8升、碳酸二甲酯6升、吐温T-601升、丙酮5升、二甲醚2升、高氯酸钾360g、磷酸甲苯二苯酯1升、六次甲基四胺0.5升,循环搅拌,反应5小时后冷却即得。
实施例2
向反应釜中加入甲缩醛80升、加热至37℃,依次加入脂肪酸甲酯7升、碳酸二甲酯5.5升、吐温T-600.5升、丙酮3.5升、二甲醚1.5升、高氯酸钾240g、磷酸甲苯二苯酯0.7升、六次甲基四胺0.3升,循环搅拌,反应5小时后冷却即得。
实施例3
向反应釜中加入甲缩醛85升,加热至40℃,依次加入脂肪酸甲酯5.5升、碳酸二甲酯2.5升、吐温T-600.3升、丙酮3.7升、二甲醚0.8升、高氯酸钾288g、磷酸甲苯二苯酯0.8升、六次甲基四胺0.2升,循环搅拌,反应4小时后冷却即得。
实施例4
向反应釜中加入甲缩醛82升,加热至38℃,依次加入脂肪酸甲酯6升、碳酸二甲酯3.5升、吐温T-600.7升、丙酮4升、二甲醚1.5升、高氯酸钾312g、磷酸甲苯二苯酯0.7升、六次甲基四胺0.3升,循环搅拌,反应4.5小时后冷却即得。
实施例5
向反应釜中加入甲缩醛79升,加热至38℃,依次加入脂肪酸甲酯7升、碳酸二甲酯5.6升、吐温T-600.7升、丙酮4.5升、二甲醚1.3升、高氯酸钾192g、磷酸甲苯二苯酯0.7升、六次甲基四胺0.4升,循环搅拌,反应4.5小时后冷却即得。
使用时,将上述低碳柴油添加剂按照使用比例添加至柴油中使用,可以有效提高柴油的燃烧效率,增强动力,减少油耗,并达到抗磨润滑的作用,有效保护内燃机,并且减少污染物排放量,减少对环境的污染。

Claims (2)

1.一种低碳柴油添加剂,是由以下体积百分比的原料混合制成:甲缩醛75%-85%;脂肪酸甲酯5%-8%;碳酸二甲酯2%-6%;吐温T-600.1%-1%;丙酮2%-5%;二甲醚0.5%-2%;磷酸甲苯二苯酯0.5%-1%;六次甲基四胺0.2%-0.5%,并在每升添加剂中添加有1.5g-4g高氯酸钾。
2.权利要求1低碳柴油添加剂的制备方法,是向反应釜中加入体积百分比为75%-85%的甲缩醛,加热并控温在35℃-40℃,依次加入体积百分比为5%-8%的脂肪酸甲酯、2%-6%的碳酸二甲酯、0.1%-1%的吐温T-60、2%-5%的丙酮、0.5%-2%的二甲醚、0.5%-1%的磷酸甲苯二苯酯和0.2%-0.5%的六次甲基四胺,以1.5-4g/L的质量体积浓度加入高氯酸钾,循环搅拌,反应4-5小时后冷却。
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CN114369479B (zh) * 2022-03-22 2022-06-21 玉门祥天新能源产业发展有限公司 一种压燃式内燃机用醇基燃料及其制备方法

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CN1337447A (zh) * 2000-08-06 2002-02-27 王悦之 燃油助剂
CN101691510A (zh) * 2009-10-20 2010-04-07 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 一种新型汽油复合抗爆剂
CN101906335A (zh) * 2010-08-06 2010-12-08 苏同兴 一种低碳柴油添加剂及其制备方法

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CN1337447A (zh) * 2000-08-06 2002-02-27 王悦之 燃油助剂
CN101691510A (zh) * 2009-10-20 2010-04-07 济南开发区星火科学技术研究院 一种新型汽油复合抗爆剂
CN101906335A (zh) * 2010-08-06 2010-12-08 苏同兴 一种低碳柴油添加剂及其制备方法

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