CN103690729B - 一种治疗胆道蛔虫症的中药 - Google Patents
一种治疗胆道蛔虫症的中药 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种治疗胆道蛔虫症的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：乌梅50份、使君子25份、苦楝子25份、枳壳15份、花椒15份、榧子15份、槟榔25份、广木香15份、甘草5份。本发明根据胆道蛔虫症的特点，采用科学的方法进行配药，在杀灭蛔虫的同时，行气止痛，健脾消食，理肝利胆，恢复脾胃的正常功能，消除因胆道蛔虫而带来的并发症状。四年来，通过对200名患者的使用表明，有效率达100%，治愈率达100%。服药8小时即可见效，接着服用2-3天，即可痊愈。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种中药，特别是一种治疗胆道蛔虫症的中药。
背景技术
胆道蛔虫是蛔虫寄生于人体肠道所致疾病。胆道蛔虫症（biliarytractascariasis,biliaryascariasis）是肠道蛔虫病中最严重的一种并发症。胆道蛔虫症多发于儿童和青壮年，女性较多见。大多数病人有肠道蛔虫症、吐虫或排虫史。部分病人有过近期驱虫治疗。
它是由各种原因引起的肠道蛔虫运动活跃，并钻入胆道而出现的急性上腹痛或胆道感染。发作时病人疼痛难以忍受，大哭大叫，十分痛苦。若治疗措施跟不上，晚期病人可出现不同程度的脱水和酸中毒，甚至危及生命。以食欲不振，面色萎黄，脐周疼痛，时作时止，吐蛔、便蛔为主要临床表现。是一种发病率较高的常见病,男女老幼都可感染,尤以儿童发病率为最高。目前，治疗胆道蛔虫病主要采用手术治疗、驱虫治疗、ERCP取虫等法治疗。手术治疗主要是针对进入胆管内蛔虫较多难用非手术治疗法治愈或蛔虫与结石并存者、胆囊蛔虫病及合并严重并发症如重症型胆管炎急性坏死性胰腺炎肝脓肿胆汁性腹膜炎等患者；驱虫治疗是当发作时，服用哌嗪（驱蛔灵）或左旋咪唑等，服用驱虫剂很易合使虫体残骸遗留在胆内而形成胆结石；ERCP取虫是当检查时发现蛔虫有部分在胆管外，可用取石钳将虫体取出，此法只能取出部分蛔虫。
发明内容
本发明旨在提供一种治疗胆道蛔虫症的中药，通过选择合适的药材及其配比，达到安全有效治愈胆道蛔虫症的目的。
为达到上述目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：一种治疗胆道蛔虫症的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：
乌梅50份、使君子25份、苦楝子25份、枳壳15份、花椒15份、榧子15份、槟榔25份、广木香15份、甘草5份。
本发明配方中各药材的来源及主治功能如下：
乌梅【来源】本品为蔷薇科植物梅Prunusmume（Sieh.）Sieb.etZucc.的干燥近成熟果实。【性味】酸、涩，平。【归经】归肝、脾、肺、大肠经。【功能主治】敛肺，涩肠，生津，安蛔。用于肺虚久咳，久痢滑肠，虚热消渴，蛔厥呕吐腹痛，胆道蛔虫症。
使君子【来源】本品为使君子科植物使君子QuisqualisindicaL.的干燥成熟果实。【性味】甘，温。【归经】归脾、胃经。【功能主治】杀虫消积。用于蛔虫、蛲虫病，虫积腹痛，小儿疳积。
苦楝子【来源】药材基源：为楝科植物楝MeliaazedarachL.的果实。【性味】苦，寒，有小毒。【归经】肝，胃经。【功能主治】行气止痛；杀虫。主脘腹胁肋疼痛；疝痛；虫积腹痛；头癣；冻疮
枳壳【来源】本品为芸香科植物酸橙CitrusaurantiumL.及其栽培变种的干燥未成熟果实。【性味】苦、辛、酸，温。【归经】归脾、胃经。【功能主治】理气宽中，行滞消胀。用于胸胁气滞，胀满疼痛，食积不化，痰饮内停；胃下垂，脱肛，子官脱垂。
花椒【来源】本品为芸香科植物青椒（香椒、青花椒、山椒、狗椒）ZanthoxylumschinifoliumSieb.etZucc.或花椒（蜀椒、川椒、红椒、红花椒、大红袍）ZanthoxylumbungeanumMaxim.的干燥成熟果皮（花椒）及种子（椒目）入药。【性味】辛，温。【归经】归脾、胃、肾经。【功能主治】温中止痛，杀虫止痒。用于脘腹冷痛，呕吐泄泻，虫积腹痛，蛔虫症；外治湿疹瘙痒。
榧子【来源】本品为红豆杉科植物榧TorreyagrandisFort.的干燥成熟种子。【性味】甘，平。【归经】归肺、胃、大肠经。【功能主治】杀虫消积，润燥通便。用于钩虫、蛔虫、绦虫病，虫积腹痛，小儿疳积，大便秘结。
槟榔【来源】本品为棕榈科植物槟榔ArecacatechuL.的干燥成熟种子。【性味】苦、辛，温。【归经】归胃、大肠经。【功能主治】杀虫消积，降气，行水，截疟。用于绦虫、蛔虫、姜片虫病，虫积腹痛，积滞泻痢，里急后重，水肿脚气，疟疾。
广木香【来源】菊科多年生高大草本植物云木香的干燥根。【性味】辛、苦，温。【归经】归脾、胃、大肠、三焦、胆经。【功能主治】行气止痛，健脾消食。用于胸脘胀痛，泻痢后重，食积不消，不思饮食。煨木香实肠止泻。用于泄泻腹痛。
甘草【来源】本品为豆科植物甘草GlycyrrhizauralensisFisch.、胀果甘草GlycyrrhizainflataBat.或光果甘草GlycyrrhizaglabraL.的干燥根。【性味】甘，平。【归经】归心、肺、脾、胃经。【功能主治】补脾益气，清热解毒，祛痰止咳，缓急止痛，调和诸药。用于脾胃虚弱，倦怠乏力，心悸气短，咳嗽痰多，脘腹、四肢挛急疼痛，痈肿疮毒，缓解药物毒性、烈性。
本病的发病原因主要因食入带有蛔虫卵的食物而引起。蛔虫寄生于肠道，扰乱肠胃气机，吸食水谷精微。由于蛔虫喜温,恶寒怕热，性动好窜，善于钻孔，喜扭结成团,故当人体脾胃功能失调,或有全身发热疾患时,都可使蛔虫不安其位而妄动，即易在腹中乱窜而引起多种病证。如蛔虫钻入胆道，使肝气闭郁，胆气不行，脘腹剧痛，手足逆冷，而形成蛔厥（胆道蛔虫症）。其主要发病症状：腹痛。腹痛是本病的主要症状，常位于剑突下的中上腹，呈阵发性钻顶样剧烈绞痛，患者辗转反侧、坐卧不安、大汗淋漓，病人常采取弯腰屈膝体位，以手按腹，两手呈欲将衣衫撕破之势，呻吟不止。一般疼痛持续数分钟或10余分钟后缓解，这是虫体退出或整个虫体进入胆管或暂时安静不扭动之故。发作过后缓解期病人可毫无症状如同常人或轻度右上腹隐痛。这种发作时剧痛难忍和间歇期如同常人的明显差别，是本病的特点之一。腹部绞痛的同时，常伴恶心、呕吐、或干呕，呕吐物为胃内容物和胆汁，约1/3病人吐出蛔虫，后者对本病的诊断具有特殊价值。部分病例整个虫体进入胆管亦可无痛。无或仅轻度黄疸是本病的另一症状特点。因为虫体圆滑活动，不易完全堵塞胆道。若后期继发感染及炎症引起胆管梗阻可伴有明显黄疸，这见于20%病例。寒战、发热多发生于发病24h后伴胆道感染者。本发明根据胆道蛔虫症的特点，采用科学的方法进行配药，在杀灭蛔虫的同时，行气止痛，健脾消食，理肝利胆，恢复脾胃的正常功能，消除因胆道蛔虫而带来的并发症状。四年来，通过对200名患者的使用表明，有效率达100%，治愈率达100%。服药8小时即可见效，接着服用2-3天，即可痊愈。
具体治疗情况如下表
诊断依据为：
右上腹或剑突下阵发性绞痛，尤其伴有“钻顶痛”，缓解期如常人者。
腹部剧痛时伴恶心、呕吐，少数病人有吐蛔虫或便蛔虫史。
症状重体征轻，仅在剑突下和右季肋部压痛。
超声检查可见胆管扩张，内有线条状游动的虫体。
ERCP示胆道内蛔虫，或内镜直视下见十二指肠乳头有蛔虫嵌顿。
下面结合具体病例进一步说明本发明的效果。
病例1：纪某，女，4岁，2009年11月6日就诊。主诉：半个月前，曾有蛔虫随便排出，今日早上，其右上腹部痛疼厉害，剑突下和右季肋部压痛，经医院超声检查为胆道蛔虫病，先在医院打了止痛药，痛疼有所减轻。服用本发明的按实施例1制得的药物，当天晚上开始腹部没有再痛过，接着服了2天，痊愈。
病例2：初某，女，17岁，2010年8月2日就诊。主诉：三年前，因便里有蛔虫而进行过驱虫治疗，后来，每年都进行一次驱虫治疗。傍晚时其腹部剧痛，并伴恶心、呕吐，经医院超声检查为胆道蛔虫病，服用本发明的药物，8小时后，腹部不再痛，接着服用了2天，痊愈。
病例3：张某，男，11岁，2011年7月5日就诊。主诉：几天前曾感到间歇性腹痛，因没影响正常生活，所以家长没有在意。因为天气炎热，喝了一瓶冰水，又吃了二个大的冰棒，之后不到半个小时，其腹部开始剧烈痛疼，并伴恶心、呕吐，经医院超声检查为胆道蛔虫病，服用本发明的药物，8小时后，腹部不再痛，接着服用了2天，痊愈。
具体实施方式
为进一步说明本发明，下面结合具体实施的例子对本发明做进一步详细的描述。
实施例1：
称取乌梅50克、使君子25克、苦楝子25克、枳壳15克、花椒15克、榧子15克、槟榔25克、广木香15克、甘草5克，加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，包装，即得符合正常成人1天用量的药液。儿童可根据体重适当减量。
用于治疗胆道蛔虫症。口服，每日分四次服用。
实施例2：
称取乌梅50克、使君子25克、苦楝子25克、枳壳15克、花椒15克、榧子15克、槟榔25克、广木香15克、甘草5克，加10倍量水，煎煮2小时，过滤；滤渣加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，包装，即得符合正常成人1天用量的散剂。
用于治疗胆道蛔虫症。口服，每日分四次服用。
具体实施例3
称取乌梅50克、使君子25克、苦楝子25克、枳壳15克、花椒15克、榧子15克、槟榔25克、广木香15克、甘草5克，加8倍量水，煎煮1.5小时，过滤；滤渣加6倍量水，煎煮1小时，过滤；合并滤液，浓缩，干燥，按照本领域常规工艺制粒，包装，即得符合正常成人1天用量的颗粒剂。
用于治疗胆道蛔虫症。口服，每日分四次服用。
Claims (1)
1.一种治疗胆道蛔虫症的中药，其特征在于由以下重量配比的药材制成的：乌梅50份、使君子25份、苦楝子25份、枳壳15份、花椒15份、榧子15份、槟榔25份、广木香15份、甘草5份。
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