CN103683783B - A kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor and rotor displacement angle defining method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor and rotor displacement angle defining method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 63
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000010349 pulsation Effects 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002194 synthesizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 241000239290 Araneae Species 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000976 Electrical steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005347 demagnetization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The present invention proposes a kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor and rotor displacement angle defining method thereof.The stator of described segmentation motor is wound in armature winding by same winding coil, and the excitation direction of stator same position excitation source is contrary; Rotor structure is identical, but arranges rotor displacement angle between different rotor lobe; The defining method at described rotor displacement angle is: total the peak-to-peak value of the magnetic linkage amplitude of the segmentation motor obtained according to the structural parameters of first paragraph motor, secondary harmonic amplitude and location torque is with the relation at rotor displacement angle, and then determine required rotor displacement angle.Inventive method reduces torque pulsation, improve magnetic linkage sine degree, do not affect the fan-out capability of magnetic linkage amplitude and torque; And being applicable to various structures flux switch motor, any excitation mode, any stator poles and rotor number of poles, the magnetic linkage sine degree of motor all can be made high, and magnetic linkage amplitude is large, and location torque is little, and torque density is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of motor manufacture, especially relate to a kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor and rotor displacement angle defining method thereof.
Background technology
In machine field, magneto relies on the advantage that its torque density is high, torque pulsation is little to be used widely, but the permanent magnet of traditional surface-mounted permanent magnet machine is positioned on rotor, for overcoming centrifugal force when running up, special ancillary method need be taked to permanent magnet, complex structure, manufacturing cost improves.Permanent magnet heat radiation difficulty, easily cause permanent magnet irreversible demagnetization, limiting motor is exerted oneself, and reduces power density.
Permanent magnet flux switching motor is a kind of stator permanent-magnet motor in recent years occurred, has attracted the concern of Chinese scholars, has compared, have the following advantages with traditional permagnetic synchronous motor with switched reluctance machines.1, permanent magnet is positioned on stator, and cooling is convenient, without centrifugal forces affect; 2, rotor structure simple rigid, is suitable for high-speed cruising; 3, permanent magnetic field and armature field are cascaded structure, and permanent magnet is little by armature influence of magnetic field, and weak magnetic energy power is better than rotor permanent magnet formula motor; 4, motor adopts concentratred winding, and structure is simple, and end copper loss is little, and electric efficiency is high;
In some low costs, the occasion that needs excitation adjustable, change the permanent magnet in permanent magnet flux switching motor into magnet exciting coil and silicon steel sheet, corresponding electro-magnetic flux switching motor can be formed.
There is the larger shortcoming of torque pulsation in flux switch motor, is not suitable for low cruise.On the one hand because rotor all adopts salient-pole structure, motor location torque is large, and torque pulsation is large.A part of flux switch motor structure rotor number of poles does not mate on the other hand, causes armature winding not have complementarity, and magnetic linkage harmonic wave is comparatively large, causes torque pulsation.
The measure of current minimizing flux switch motor torque pulsation mainly contains the structure of structure and the rotor fluting taking rotor chute.The structure of rotor chute can effectively reduce torque pulsation, improves magnetic linkage sine degree, but not only complex structure, and also magnetic linkage amplitude reduces, and the torque density of motor reduces.Adopt the structure that rotor is slotted to effectively reduce location torque, but the method does not consider magnetic linkage sine degree, and complex structure.
Patent CN101699713 adopts rotor sectional type structure, and the skew electrical degree between field spider is 180 degree, achieves the complementarity of two-part structure winding, improves the sine degree of magnetic linkage, and does not affect magnetic linkage amplitude and the torque output capability of motor.But the method does not consider location torque, and this causes the principal element of torque pulsation, can not effectively reduce motor torque ripple.
Based on above analysis, a kind of method need badly and propose new minimizing torque pulsation based on rotor sectional type structure, improving magnetic linkage sine degree.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, proposes a kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor and rotor displacement angle defining method thereof.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
A kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor, described rotor sectional type flux switching motor two sections of being divided into structure identical vertically, are respectively first paragraph and second segment; Described first paragraph is made up of the first stator and the first rotor, and second segment is made up of the second stator and the second rotor; First stator and the second stator are wound in armature winding by same winding coil; First stator is contrary with the excitation direction of the second stator same position excitation source, uses NULL interval between first paragraph and second segment; To stagger between the first rotor double wedge and the second rotor double wedge a rotor displacement angle.
The excitation direction of described excitation source refers to: the magnetizing direction for permanent magnet flux switching motor being permanent magnet, is the excitation direction of excitation winding for electro-magnetic flux switching motor.
The defining method at described rotor displacement angle, its step is as follows:
Steps A, according to the structural parameters of motor, obtain magnetic linkage and the location torque of first paragraph motor, pass through Fourier decomposition, obtain first-harmonic and the second harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage, and location torque first-harmonic and amplitude are greater than the harmonic wave of fundamental voltage amplitude 10%, the expression formula of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage and location torque is as follows respectively:
Wherein, ψ
ifor the instantaneous magnetic linkage of first paragraph motor, Ψ
1and Ψ
2be respectively the described first-harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage and the amplitude of second harmonic; ω is the angular rate of motor, and t is motor rotational time,
with
be respectively the first-harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage and the phase place of second harmonic; T
cogIfor the instantaneous location torque of first paragraph motor, T
cm1and T
cmnbe respectively the amplitude of location torque first-harmonic and nth harmonic;
with
be respectively the phase place of location torque first-harmonic and nth harmonic; Wherein P is that the least common multiple of stator poles and rotor number of poles is divided by rotor number of poles; ∑ is and computing, is here to ask for the harmonic wave sum that all amplitudes are greater than fundamental voltage amplitude 10%;
Step B, with the first rotor and bitrochanteric rotor displacement angle for variable, draws the expression formula of the magnetic linkage of second segment motor and the location torque of second segment motor, as follows respectively:
Wherein, ψ
iIfor the instantaneous magnetic linkage of second segment motor; T
cogIIfor the instantaneous location torque of second segment motor; α
sthe first rotor and bitrochanteric rotor displacement angle;
Step C, the magnetic linkage of the second segment motor obtained in the magnetic linkage of the first paragraph motor obtained in steps A and step B is subtracted each other, the location torque of the location torque of the first paragraph motor obtained in steps A with the second segment motor obtained in step B is added, obtains synthesis magnetic linkage ψ and synthesis location torque T
cog, its expression formula is as follows respectively;
T
cog=T
cogI+T
cogII
Step D, according to synthesis magnetic linkage and synthesis location torque, determine rotor displacement angle, its concrete steps are as follows:
Step D-1, by synthesis location torque, obtain synthesis location torque peak-to-peak value, described synthesis location torque peak-to-peak value is the function at rotor displacement angle, and the smallest point of described location torque peak-to-peak value periodically appears on different rotor displacement angles;
Step D-2, by synthesis magnetic linkage determination the first rotor deviation angle, in the first rotor deviation angle, the fundamental voltage amplitude of synthesis magnetic linkage is maximum, secondary harmonic amplitude is minimum with the ratio of fundamental voltage amplitude;
Step D-3, in multiple rotor displacement angles that location torque peak-to-peak value smallest point is corresponding, the nearest rotor displacement angle of selected distance the first rotor deviation angle is as the second rotor displacement angle;
Step D-4, determines rotor displacement angle, specific as follows:
If the first rotor deviation angle is equal with the second rotor displacement angle, then select the first rotor deviation angle as rotor displacement angle;
If the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle unequal, then select rotor displacement angle according to the difference at the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle, specific as follows:
If the difference at the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle is less than 20 degree, then select the second rotor displacement angle as rotor displacement angle;
If the difference at the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle is greater than 20 degree, then select the half of the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle sum as rotor displacement angle.
Described magnetic linkage refers to: be permanent magnet flux linkage for permanent magnet flux switching motor, is excitation flux linkage for electro-magnetic flux switching motor.
In step B and D, described rotor displacement angle is electrical degree.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention proposes a kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor and rotor displacement angle defining method thereof.The stator of described segmentation motor is wound in armature winding by same winding coil, and the excitation direction of stator same position excitation source is contrary; Rotor structure is identical, but arranges rotor displacement angle between different rotor lobe; The defining method at described rotor displacement angle is: total the peak-to-peak value of the magnetic linkage amplitude of the segmentation motor obtained according to the structural parameters of first paragraph motor, secondary harmonic amplitude and location torque is with the relation at rotor displacement angle, and then determine required rotor displacement angle.Inventive method reduces torque pulsation, improve magnetic linkage sine degree, do not affect the fan-out capability of magnetic linkage amplitude and torque; And being applicable to various structures flux switch motor, any excitation mode, any stator poles and rotor number of poles, the magnetic linkage sine degree of motor all can be made high, and magnetic linkage amplitude is large, and location torque is little, and torque density is high.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the rotor structure figure of motor of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the stator structure figure of motor of the present invention; Wherein (a) is the first stator excitation schematic diagram, and (b) is the second stator excitation schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 be the present invention every tooth around permanent magnet flux switching motor schematic cross-section.
Fig. 4 is the graph of a relation at magnetic linkage amplitude, secondary harmonic component and location torque peak-to-peak value and rotor displacement angle.
Fig. 5 is the synthesis permanent magnet flux linkage waveform before and after optimizing.
Fig. 6 synthesizes location torque waveform before and after optimizing.
Fig. 7 synthesizes electromagnetic torque waveform before and after optimizing.
In description of reference numerals: Fig. 1 to Fig. 3,1 is the first rotor, and 2 is second rotors, and 3 is first stators, and 4 is second stators, and 5 is forward charging permanent magnets, and 6 is reverse charging permanent magnets, and 7 is armature winding.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, for 12/10 structure every tooth around permanent magnet flux switching motor, a kind of rotor displacement angle defining method of rotor sectional type flux switching motor that the present invention proposes is described in detail.
As Fig. 3 be 12/10 structure every tooth around permanent magnet flux switching motor, be a kind of stator permanent magnetic type electric, winding and permanent magnet are all on stator, and winding have employed concentratred winding, and permanent magnet is in the stator embedding, and the magnetizing direction of adjacent permanent magnet is contrary.Rotor is salient-pole structure, on rotor both without permanent magnet also without winding.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described rotor sectional type 12,/10 two sections of being divided into structure identical vertically around permanent magnet flux switching motor every tooth, are respectively first paragraph and second segment; Described first paragraph is made up of the first stator and the first rotor, and second segment is made up of the second stator and the second rotor; First stator is wound in armature winding with the second stator by identical winding coil; Respectively as shown in (a), (b) in Fig. 2, first stator is contrary with the magnetizing direction of the second stator same position permanent magnet, NULL interval is used, the rotor displacement angle of specifying of staggering between the first rotor double wedge and the second rotor double wedge one between first paragraph and second segment.
The defining method at described rotor displacement angle, its step is as follows:
(1) according to the structural parameters of 12/10 motor, obtain magnetic linkage and the location torque of first paragraph motor, pass through Fourier decomposition, obtain first-harmonic and the second harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage, and location torque first-harmonic and amplitude are greater than the harmonic wave of fundamental voltage amplitude 10%, the expression formula of first paragraph magnetic linkage and location torque is as follows:
Wherein, ψ
ifor the instantaneous magnetic linkage of first paragraph motor, Ψ
1and Ψ
2be respectively the described first-harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage and the amplitude of second harmonic; ω is the angular rate of motor, and t is motor rotational time,
with
be respectively the first-harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage and the phase place of second harmonic; T
cogIfor the instantaneous location torque of first paragraph motor, T
cm1and T
cmnbe respectively the amplitude of location torque first-harmonic and nth harmonic;
with
be respectively the phase place of location torque first-harmonic and nth harmonic.Wherein P is that the least common multiple of stator poles and rotor number of poles is divided by rotor number of poles.For 12/10 every tooth around motor, P is 6.
(2) with the first rotor and bitrochanteric deviation angle for variable, obtain the expression formula of the permanent magnet flux linkage of linkage and the location torque of second segment motor in second segment armature winding, this expression formula is the expression formula about the first rotor and bitrochanteric deviation angle, shown in (3) and formula (4).
Wherein, ψ
iIfor the instantaneous permanent magnet flux linkage of Part II motor.T
cogIIfor the instantaneous location torque of Part II motor.α
sbeing the first rotor and bitrochanteric deviation angle, is electrical degree.
(3) the permanent magnet flux linkage expression formula obtaining in (1) obtaining in permanent magnet flux linkage and location torque and (2) subtracted each other, location torque expression formula is added the permanent magnet flux linkage expression formula and location torque expression formula that obtain synthesizing, shown in (5) and formula (6).
T
cog=T
cogI+T
cogII(6)
Wherein, ψ is that motor synthesizes instantaneous permanent magnet flux linkage.T
cogthe instantaneous location torque of synthesis for motor.
(4) according to synthesis location torque expression formula, synthesis location torque peak-to-peak value is with α to use MATLAB to draw
schange.Synthesis permanent magnet flux linkage amplitude, secondary harmonic component k and synthesis location torque peak-to-peak value are with α
schange as shown in Figure 4.Select to make the deviation angle that synthesis magnetic linkage fundamental voltage amplitude is maximum, secondary harmonic component is minimum, namely 180 ° is the first deviation angle.P times of the cycle of synthesis location torque due to the cycle of synthesizing magnetic linkage, so α
swhen 0 ° to 360 ° change, P the point making synthesis location torque peak-to-peak value minimum must be had.In the smallest point of the location torque peak-to-peak value periodically occurred, the location torque peak-to-peak value smallest point that selected distance first deviation angle is nearest, namely 198 ° is the second deviation angle.Now the first deviation angle unequal with the second deviation angle and two jiaos differ in 20 degree (electrical degrees), then select the second deviation angle as deviation angle, i.e. the first rotor and the second rotor displacement 19.8 ° of mechanical angles.Wherein:
Following effect is had after adopting such scheme as seen by the waveform after optimizing:
1, the location torque after optimizing is the half before optimizing, and torque pulsation reduces half, as Fig. 6 and Fig. 7.
2, the magnetic linkage sine degree after optimizing improves, as Fig. 5.
3, be more or less the same, as Fig. 7 before the Driving Torque mean value after optimizing and optimization.
It should be noted that, the present invention has versatility, is applicable to various structures flux switch motor, any excitation mode (electric excitation or permanent magnetism), any stator poles P
swith rotor number of poles P
r, all can make motor electromagnetic best performance.
Claims (3)
1. a rotor displacement angle defining method for rotor sectional type flux switching motor, described rotor sectional type flux switching motor two sections of being divided into structure identical vertically; Wherein, first paragraph is made up of the first stator and the first rotor, and second segment is made up of the second stator and the second rotor; First stator and the second stator are wound in armature winding by same winding coil; First stator is contrary with the excitation direction of the second stator same position excitation source, uses NULL interval between first paragraph and second segment; To stagger between described the first rotor double wedge and the second rotor double wedge a rotor displacement angle; The excitation direction of described excitation source refers to: the magnetizing direction for permanent magnet flux switching motor being permanent magnet, is the excitation direction of excitation winding for electro-magnetic flux switching motor; It is characterized in that, the rotor displacement angle defining method of described rotor sectional type flux switching motor, its step is as follows:
Steps A, according to the structural parameters of motor, obtain magnetic linkage and the location torque of first paragraph motor, pass through Fourier decomposition, obtain first-harmonic and the second harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage, and location torque first-harmonic and amplitude are greater than the harmonic wave of fundamental voltage amplitude 10%, the expression formula of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage and location torque is as follows respectively:
Wherein, ψ
ifor the instantaneous magnetic linkage of first paragraph motor, Ψ
1and Ψ
2be respectively the described first-harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage and the amplitude of second harmonic; ω is the angular rate of motor, and t is motor rotational time,
with
be respectively the first-harmonic of first paragraph motor magnetic linkage and the phase place of second harmonic; T
cogIfor the instantaneous location torque of first paragraph motor, T
cm1and T
cmnbe respectively the amplitude of location torque first-harmonic and nth harmonic;
with
be respectively the phase place of location torque first-harmonic and nth harmonic; Wherein P is that the least common multiple of stator poles and rotor number of poles is divided by rotor number of poles; ∑ is and computing, is here to ask for the harmonic wave sum that all amplitudes are greater than fundamental voltage amplitude 10%;
Step B, with the first rotor and bitrochanteric rotor displacement angle for variable, draws the expression formula of the magnetic linkage of second segment motor and the location torque of second segment motor, as follows respectively:
Wherein, ψ
iIfor the instantaneous magnetic linkage of second segment motor, T
cogIIfor the instantaneous location torque of second segment motor; α
sthe first rotor and bitrochanteric rotor displacement angle;
Step C, the magnetic linkage of the second segment motor obtained in the first paragraph motor magnetic linkage obtained in steps A and step B is subtracted each other, the location torque of the location torque of the first paragraph motor obtained in steps A with the second segment motor obtained in step B is added, obtains synthesis magnetic linkage ψ and synthesis location torque T
cog;
Step D, according to synthesis magnetic linkage and synthesis location torque, determine rotor displacement angle, its concrete steps are as follows:
Step D-1, by synthesis location torque, obtain synthesis location torque peak-to-peak value, described synthesis location torque peak-to-peak value is the function at rotor displacement angle, and the smallest point of described location torque peak-to-peak value periodically appears on different rotor displacement angles;
Step D-2, by synthesis magnetic linkage determination the first rotor deviation angle, in the first rotor deviation angle, the fundamental voltage amplitude of synthesis magnetic linkage is maximum, secondary harmonic amplitude is minimum with the ratio of fundamental voltage amplitude;
Step D-3, in multiple rotor displacement angles that location torque peak-to-peak value smallest point is corresponding, the nearest rotor displacement angle of selected distance the first rotor deviation angle is as the second rotor displacement angle;
Step D-4, determines rotor displacement angle, specific as follows:
If the first rotor deviation angle is equal with the second rotor displacement angle, then select the first rotor deviation angle as rotor displacement angle;
If the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle unequal, then select rotor displacement angle according to the difference at the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle, specific as follows:
If the difference at the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle is less than 20 degree, then select the second rotor displacement angle as rotor displacement angle;
If the difference at the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle is greater than 20 degree, then select the half of the first rotor deviation angle and the second rotor displacement angle sum as rotor displacement angle.
2. the rotor displacement angle defining method of a kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described magnetic linkage refers to: be permanent magnet flux linkage for permanent magnet flux switching motor, is excitation flux linkage for electro-magnetic flux switching motor.
3. the rotor displacement angle defining method of a kind of rotor sectional type flux switching motor according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in step B and D, described rotor displacement angle is electrical degree.
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| CN106685276B (en) * | 2016-11-29 | 2019-04-02 | 江苏大学 | A method of reducing permanent magnet synchronous motor torque pulsation |
| CN111262358A (en) * | 2020-02-17 | 2020-06-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Low-torque ripple magnetic flux reverse motor |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699713A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-04-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Rotor sectional type flux switching motor and method for improving sine degree of back electromotive force thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101699713A (en) * | 2009-10-28 | 2010-04-28 | 南京航空航天大学 | Rotor sectional type flux switching motor and method for improving sine degree of back electromotive force thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (2)
| Title |
|---|
| A Multi-Tooth Fault-Tolerant Flux-Switching Permanent-Magnet Machine With Twisted-Rotor;Yu. Wang and Zhiquan Deng;《IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MAGNETICS》;20121031;第48卷(第10期);第2674-2684页 * |
| 磁极偏移削弱永磁电机齿槽转矩方法;杨玉波 等;《电工技术学报》;20061026;第21卷(第10期);第22-25页 * |
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