CN103683290A - Parallel connection type active power filter - Google Patents
Parallel connection type active power filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103683290A CN103683290A CN201310691694.3A CN201310691694A CN103683290A CN 103683290 A CN103683290 A CN 103683290A CN 201310691694 A CN201310691694 A CN 201310691694A CN 103683290 A CN103683290 A CN 103683290A
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Abstract
A parallel connection type active power filter comprises a current collecting unit, a voltage collecting unit, an IGBT drive unit, an IGBT switch unit and a grid access unit. The parallel connection type active power filter is further characterized in that a DSP chip, an FPGA chip, a grid access current collecting unit and a system operation state collecting unit are further included, the output of the current collecting unit and the output of the voltage collecting unit are respectively connected with the A/D input end of the DSP chip, the DSP chip is used for instruction current signals opposite to detection harmonic signals of a power grid in direction, the FPGA chip modulates PWM output signals according to the instruction current signals and outputting the PWM output signals to the IGBT drive unit, the IGBT drive unit drives the IGBT switch unit to form harmonic currents (compensation currents), the harmonic currents are injected into the power grid through the grid access unit, the grid access current collecting unit collects compensation current signals output by the grid access unit and outputs the compensation current signals to the FPGA chip, and at least the FPGA chip uses the compensation current signals to modulate the PWM output signals. Compared with the prior art, the parallel connection type active power filter improves the flexibility, the reliability and the safety of application.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter, it belongs to active electric filter device class.
Background technology
Development along with technology, increasing nonlinear load is widely used in industry and daily life field, the existence of these nonlinear loads in electrical network, form a large amount of harmonic waves, form on the one hand reactive current, thereby the power factor that has directly affected whole electric power system has influence on the operational efficiency of electric power system, on the other hand, these harmonic waves are exactly a kind of pollution concerning electric power system, a kind of public hazards, except the safety and economic operation of electric power system itself is constituted a threat to, running environment that also can power electronic equipment produces great harmfulness impact, described impact even injures Information Technology Equipment, the normal operation of the various advanced persons' in the fields such as microelectric technique equipment and Computerized Numerical Control processing technology sensitive instrument and equipment.Harmonic problem in current solution electrical network, generally acknowledge that in the industry good scheme is to have the active power filtering scheme that adopts Active Power Filter-APF, Active Power Filter-APF (APF:Active power filter) be a kind of be based upon on Theory of Instantaneous Reactive Power of Three-Phase Circuits basis for dynamically suppressing harmonic wave, the novel electric power electric device of compensating reactive power, it can carry out following the tracks of fast compensation to the harmonic wave of different sizes and frequency, why be called active, be can only Passive intake fixed frequency with respect to Passive LC filter and big or small harmonic wave for, APF can and carry out each harmonic with idle separated by sampling load current, and the size of the electric current that ACTIVE CONTROL Active Power Filter-APF is exported to electrical network on this basis, frequency and phase place, and response fast, with corresponding electric current in payment load.In the prior art, parallel connection type active electric filter is a kind of Active Power Filter-APF being most widely used, during parallel connection type active electric filter application, be attempted by power network line, its operation principle is generally to detect load current by current transformer, and calculate by inner DSP, extract the harmonic components in load current, then by pwm signal, send to inner IGBT, control inverter produces one and load harmonic current equal and opposite in direction, the harmonic current injection of opposite direction, in electrical network, reaches the object of filtering.Because it is by contrary harmonic current injection, both can mend harmonic wave for this reason, can mend again idle and uneven.The parallel connection type active electric filter of prior art is that Chinese invention patent ZL200910061816.4 is disclosed, the disclosed this Active Power Filter-APF of ZL200910061816.4, comprises fundamental voltage detecting unit, electronic power inverter system unit and access system unit; Fundamental voltage detecting unit comprises voltage transformer and fundamental voltage detection, the input of the output of voltage transformer and fundamental voltage detection is connected, fundamental voltage detecting unit, using detecting fundamental voltage signal as fundamental voltage detecting unit output signal the line voltage from distortion, is sent into the voltage gain circuit of electronic power inverter system unit; Electronic power inverter system unit comprises voltage gain circuit and voltage generating circuit; Voltage gain circuit is sent into voltage generating circuit after the fundamental voltage signal detecting is amplified, voltage generating circuit produce one to the proportional voltage of its input signal, output and the access system unit of voltage generating circuit are connected; During work, voltage transformer is connected in parallel on the two ends of harmonic source, and access system unit is by the output voltage of voltage generating circuit and be connected in the two ends of harmonic source; This Active Power Filter-APF also comprises harmonic current detecting unit, is provided with current gain circuit and adder in electronic power inverter system unit; Harmonic current detecting unit comprises current transformer and harmonic wave detection, and on current transformer serial connection electrical network bus, the input of the output of current transformer and harmonic wave detection is connected; Current transformer detects current signal and sends into harmonic wave detection from the system power of electrical network bus, harmonic wave detection detects harmonic current and sends into current gain circuit, and current gain circuit is sent into adder after the harmonic current signal detecting is amplified; The input signal of adder using the voltage signal after harmonic current signal and fundamental voltage signal plus as voltage generating circuit.Under preferred version, the access system unit of the disclosed this Active Power Filter-APF of ZL200910061816.4 consists of reactor, during use, output of voltage generating circuit and a bus of electrical network are connected, another output by a reactor after and another root bus of electrical network be connected, under another preferred version, the access system unit of the disclosed this Active Power Filter-APF of ZL200910061816.4 consists of transformer, during use, two outputs of voltage generating circuit and the secondary side of a transformer are connected, the two ends of the primary side of transformer are connected on respectively on two buses of electrical network.The disclosed this Active Power Filter-APF of three cover ZL200910061816.4 can form three-phase system, for the electric power system of three-phase four-wire system.The problem that the disclosed this Active Power Filter-APF of ZL200910061816.4 exists is that some signal analysis of its core and control signal forming unit consist of discrete unit module, the stability of system and the reliability existing problems that are in operation, moreover, the switch harmonic forming in electronic inverter system works can seal in electrical network, form secondary pollution, in addition, whole system is finally by electronic inverter system, to form simple closed-loop control system of output voltage from harmonic wave sampling formation control instruction current, such closed-loop control system is determined there is switch harmonic in the situation that at output, especially easily form self-excitation, the disclosed this Active Power Filter-APF whole system of what is more important ZL200910061816.4 does not have reliable operation monitoring and security system, once in service, there is abnormal conditions, can only be by manually intervening, operation risk is large especially for this reason.Problem for the switch harmonic forming in electronic inverter system works, this case inventor notices Chinese invention patent ZL201010275272.4 and the disclosed solution of CN201310049218.1, the common ground of these two schemes is to have increased by second current transformer that is used for specially detected electrons inverter system output end current, it is the offset current of real-time acquisition device in essence, compare with the load harmonic current by collecting, forming a closed loop feedback controls, application practice shows, such mode is not good solution, reason is that load harmonic current has comprised the harmonic current in offset current in essence, under these circumstances, the two to be compared complicated completely on algorithm, system resource expends greatly, directly have influence on response speed, obviously response is one of application prerequisite of active power filtering in time, in sum, obviously prior art has further improved necessity.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter, the problem existing to overcome prior art.
A kind of parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention, comprise current acquisition unit, voltage acquisition unit, IGBT driver element, IGBT switch element and grid integration unit, characterized by further comprising dsp chip, fpga chip, grid integration current acquisition unit and system running state collecting unit, the output of described current acquisition unit and voltage acquisition unit is linked into respectively the A/D input of dsp chip, described dsp chip is for detection harmonic signal and/or reactive current signal and/or the unsymmetrical current signal of electrical network, and the instruction current signal of the load harmonic current of formation and electrical network and/or reactive current signal and/or unsymmetrical current signal code opposite direction, and output to fpga chip, fpga chip modulates PWM output signal and outputs to IGBT driver element according to instruction current signal, and form one and load harmonic current equal and opposite in direction by IGBT drive unit drives IGBT switch element, the harmonic current of opposite direction is offset current, and be injected in electrical network through grid integration unit, described grid integration current acquisition unit gathers the compensating current signal of grid integration unit output, and output to fpga chip, at least fpga chip carries out phase bit comparison by this compensating current signal and instruction current signal, and carry out phase-locked loop calculating and according to result of calculation, the PWM output signal of fpga chip formation regulated, make the offset current of output there is correct phase place, described system running state collecting unit sends the system running state signal collecting to dsp chip and/or fpga chip, by dsp chip and/or fpga chip, according to operating state signal, make corresponding control action.
As preferably, described current acquisition unit is by current transformer and double operational filter and amplification cell formation, and the load current signal that described current transformer senses forms the A/D input that simple load harmonic current signal outputs to dsp chip after double operational filter and amplification unit filtering amplifies processing;
As preferably, described voltage acquisition unit is by voltage transformer and double operational filter and amplification cell formation, and the load voltage signal that described voltage transformer senses forms the A/D input that simple load fundamental voltage signal outputs to dsp chip after double operational filter and amplification unit filtering amplifies processing;
As preferably, described IGBT driver element comprises that NAND gate circuit, IGBT drive chip and isolating transformer, the input of described NAND gate circuit connects with the output of fpga chip, accept the PWM output signal that fpga chip modulates according to instruction current signal, described PWM output signal enters IGBT through NAND gate circuit shaping output and drives chip to form IGBT switch element driving signal, and described IGBT switch element drives signal through isolating transformer, to output to the drive end of IGBT switch element;
As aforementioned preferred further improvement, described IGBT drives the function of integrated chip overvoltage, overcurrent, excess temperature, soft shutoff, and has soft shutoff input, and described soft shutoff input connects with the control output end of fpga chip by the first control line;
As preferably, described grid integration unit comprises low-pass filtering subdivision and reactor, the HF switch harmonic wave that described low-pass filtering subdivision forms in order to filter IGBT switch element, the output of low-pass filtering subdivision is connected with reactor, and outputs to three phase network through described reactor;
As aforementioned preferred further preferred, described grid integration unit also comprises contactor, and described contactor tandem reactor is to the loop of three phase network.Described contactor comprises control end, and described control end is connected to a control signal output of fpga chip by the second control line;
As preferably, system running state collecting unit comprises the radiator temperature transducer of IGBT switch element, the DC bus overcurrent-overvoltage transducer of the operating state transducer of IGBT switch element, IGBT switch element, contactor temperature sensor, system radiating fan running status transducer, and by the double operational filtering conditioning unit forming with each transducer double operational filtering one to one modulate circuit.
As preferably, also comprise man-machine interface, described man-machine interface is a touch screen, and it is communicated by letter with dsp chip and/or fpga chip by 485 interfaces, and described man-machine interface is in order to the parameter waveform of display system operating state, each index.
As preferably, also comprise external communication interface, described external communication interface adopts standard communication interface, to provide and being connected and the passage of parallel operation operation of upper strata control system.
This parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention, take dsp chip and fpga chip builds as core, by the powerful data-handling capacity of dsp chip, can be exactly, calculate rapidly content and the amplitude of each harmonic, fast response time, and the different times harmonics that can unrestricted any selection need to compensate, practical application shows, this improved parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention can be in real time dynamic 2 ~ 50 subharmonic in filtering load electrical network, in addition, flexibility due to dsp chip application, can select very easily the typicalness characteristic harmonics existing in filtering electrical network phase line and zero line for this reason, can also make as required this improved parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention be operated under specific pattern, such as the artificial desired value etc. of setting filtering particular harmonic and artificially setting filtering harmonic wave.
The flexibility of applying due to dsp chip equally, utilize this improved parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention can form product, also be very easy to erect the active electric filter device of a set of three-phase four-wire system, in three-phase four-wire system electrical network, because load-side 3n subharmonic can superpose in N phase line, so traditional active power filter for three-phase four-wire system product all arranges by three times of phase line filter capacity for the harmonic ability on zero line.And in the present invention, for the harmonic current of N phase, by being very easy to realize, with independent brachium pontis, carry out filtering, can complete filtering N phase harmonic wave.
Still be the flexibility of dsp chip application, this improved parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention is obviously very easy to by multiple compensate functions such as dsp chip and/or the built-in harmonic compensation of fpga chip, reactive power compensation, imbalance compensations, and user can set selection compensate function in use voluntarily like this.In filtering harmonic wave, can detect the power factor of system, and the degree of unbalance of each phase line, and then correspondingly carry out reactive power compensation and eliminate laod unbalance phenomenon.
This improved parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention, the touch screen that its man-machine interface obviously can adaptive large specification, simple to operation like this.Can show in real time data and curve, the complete field data of system operation can be provided, meanwhile, user may operate application functions such as selecting built-in harmonic compensation, reactive power compensation, imbalance compensation by touch screen.
This parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention; there are complete effective all kinds of safeguard measures; once there is the anomalies such as over-voltage and over-current in system; can control connecting of directly cut-out and electrical network by fpga chip; and the output of locking IGBT driver element and IGBT switch element, guarantee system safety.
This parallel connection type active electric filter of the present invention, in grid integration unit, really self switch high-frequency carrier wave can feedback grid for built-in low-pass filtering subdivision, its access way also makes system be independent of outside network system impedance simultaneously, be not subject to the impact of network system impedance, resonance and harmonic voltage do not occur and amplify, fail safe is good.In addition, the present invention also can be according to practical situations, limit automatically and reasonably offset current, install never overcurrent, moreover, in filtering, the output current of real-time checkout gear itself, the phase-locked loop of carrying out by fpga chip is on the one hand controlled and is made the offset current of output have correct phase place, ought occur overcurrent and other improper phenomenons simultaneously at every turn, the output of cutoff device timely, so can avoid overcompensation completely.
The present invention also has standard communication interface, meets the needs that electric power system realizes power monitoring function.And can in application, adopt general Modbus telecommunication protocol, communication interface can be RS485/232 and CAN bus.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is a kind of a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter for three phase network that adopts inventive concept to build that preferred embodiment of the present invention provides
Active power filter system structured flowchart;
Fig. 2 is a kind of current acquisition unit and voltage acquisition unit structured flowchart that adopts a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter for three phase network of inventive concept structure that preferred embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 is the IGBT drive unit system structured flowchart of a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter for three phase network of providing of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the system running state collecting unit system architecture diagram of a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter for three phase network of providing of preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of grid integration cellular system structured flowchart that adopts a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter for three phase network of inventive concept structure that preferred embodiment of the present invention provides.
Embodiment
What below with reference to preferred embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind ofly adopts a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter for three phase network that inventive concept builds and accompanying drawing thereof the invention will be further described.
A kind of a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter for three phase network that adopts inventive concept to build that preferred embodiment of the present invention provides, as accompanying drawing 1, accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3, accompanying drawing 4, shown in accompanying drawing 5, comprise current acquisition unit 1, voltage acquisition unit 2, IGBT driver element 3, IGBT switch element 4 and grid integration unit 5, because this preferred embodiment is a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter for three phase network, current acquisition unit 1 for this reason, voltage acquisition unit 2, IGBT driver element 3, IGBT switch element 4 and grid integration unit 5 include three respectively corresponding with the three-phase of three phase network 9 independently and identical circuit form, its main points are also to comprise dsp chip 5, fpga chip 6, grid integration current acquisition unit 7 and system running state collecting unit 8, the output of described current acquisition unit 1 and voltage acquisition unit 2 is linked into respectively the A/D input of dsp chip 5, described dsp chip 5 is for detection of harmonic signal and/or reactive current signal and/or the unsymmetrical current signal of electrical network, and the instruction current signal of the load harmonic current of formation and electrical network and/or reactive current signal and/or unsymmetrical current signal code opposite direction, and output to fpga chip 6, fpga chip 6 modulates PWM output signal and outputs to IGBT driver element 3 according to instruction current signal, and drive IGBT switch element 4 to form one and load harmonic current equal and opposite in direction by IGBT driver element 3, the harmonic current of opposite direction is offset current, and be injected in electrical network through grid integration unit 5, described grid integration current acquisition unit 7 gathers the compensating current signal of grid integration unit 5 outputs, and output to fpga chip 6, in this preferred embodiment, described fpga chip 6 carries out phase bit comparison by this compensating current signal and instruction current signal, and carry out phase-locked loop and calculate, and PWM output signal fpga chip 6 being formed according to result of calculation regulates, make the offset current of output there is correct phase place, described system running state collecting unit 8 sends the system running state signal collecting to dsp chip 5 and/or fpga chip 6, by dsp chip 5 and/or fpga chip 6, according to operating state signal, make corresponding control action.
In this preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, described current acquisition unit 1 consists of current transformer 101 and double operational filter and amplification unit 102, and the required load current signal of described current transformer sense 101 forms the A/D input that simple load harmonic current signal outputs to dsp chip 5 after double operational filter and amplification unit 102 filter amplifying processing;
In this preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 2, described voltage acquisition unit 2 consists of voltage transformer 201 and double operational filter and amplification unit 202, and the load voltage signal that described voltage transformer 201 senses forms the A/D input that simple load fundamental voltage signal outputs to dsp chip 5 after double operational filter and amplification unit 202 filter amplifying processing;
In this preferred embodiment, as shown in Figure 3, IGBT driver element 3 comprises that NAND gate circuit 301, IGBT drive chip 302 and isolating transformer 303, the input of described NAND gate circuit 301 connects with the output of fpga chip 6, accept the PWM output signal that fpga chip 6 modulates according to instruction current signal, described PWM output signal enters IGBT through NAND gate circuit 301 shaping outputs and drives chip 302 to form IGBT switch element driving signal, and described IGBT switch element drives signal through isolating transformer, to output to the drive end of IGBT switch element 4;
In this preferred embodiment, described IGBT drives the function of the integrated overvoltage of chip 302, overcurrent, excess temperature, soft shutoff, and has soft shutoff input, and described soft shutoff input connects with the control output end of fpga chip 6 by the first control line 304;
In this preferred embodiment, described grid integration unit 5 comprises low-pass filtering subdivision 501 and reactor 502, the HF switch harmonic wave that described low-pass filtering subdivision 501 forms in order to filter IGBT switch element, the output of low-pass filtering subdivision 501 is connected with reactor 502, and outputs to three phase network 9 through described reactor 502;
In this preferred embodiment, described grid integration unit 5 also comprises contactor 503, and described contactor 503 tandem reactors 502 are to the loop of three phase network 9.Described contactor 503 comprises control end, and described control end is connected to a control signal output of fpga chip 6 by the second control line 504;
In this preferred embodiment, system running state collecting unit 8 comprises the radiator temperature transducer 801 of IGBT switch element, the DC bus overcurrent-overvoltage transducer 803 of the operating state transducer 802 of IGBT switch element, IGBT switch element, contactor temperature sensor 804, system radiating fan running status transducer 805, and by the double operational filtering conditioning unit 806 forming with each transducer double operational filtering one to one modulate circuit.
In this preferred embodiment, also comprise man-machine interface 10, described man-machine interface 10 is a touch screen, and it is communicated by letter with dsp chip 5 and/or fpga chip 6 by 485 interfaces, and described man-machine interface 10 is in order to the parameter waveform of display system operating state, each index.
In this preferred embodiment, also comprise external communication interface 11, described external communication interface adopts standard communication interface, to provide and being connected and the passage of parallel operation operation of upper strata control system.
Claims (10)
1. a parallel connection type active electric filter, comprise current acquisition unit, voltage acquisition unit, IGBT driver element, IGBT switch element and grid integration unit, characterized by further comprising dsp chip, fpga chip, grid integration current acquisition unit and system running state collecting unit, the output of described current acquisition unit and voltage acquisition unit is linked into respectively the A/D input of dsp chip, described dsp chip is for detection harmonic signal and/or reactive current signal and/or the unsymmetrical current signal of electrical network, and the instruction current signal of the load harmonic current of formation and electrical network and/or reactive current signal and/or unsymmetrical current signal code opposite direction, and output to fpga chip, fpga chip modulates PWM output signal and outputs to IGBT driver element according to instruction current signal, and form one and load harmonic current equal and opposite in direction by IGBT drive unit drives IGBT switch element, the harmonic current of opposite direction is offset current, and be injected in electrical network through grid integration unit, described grid integration current acquisition unit gathers the compensating current signal of grid integration unit output, and output to fpga chip, at least fpga chip carries out phase bit comparison by this compensating current signal and instruction current signal, and carry out phase-locked loop calculating and according to result of calculation, the PWM output signal of fpga chip formation regulated, make the offset current of output there is correct phase place, described system running state collecting unit sends the system running state signal collecting to dsp chip and/or fpga chip, by dsp chip and/or fpga chip, according to operating state signal, make corresponding control action.
2. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described current acquisition unit is by current transformer and double operational filter and amplification cell formation, the load current signal that described current transformer senses forms the A/D input that simple load harmonic current signal outputs to dsp chip after double operational filter and amplification unit filtering amplifies processing.
3. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described voltage acquisition unit is by voltage transformer and double operational filter and amplification cell formation, the load voltage signal that described voltage transformer senses forms the A/D input that simple load fundamental voltage signal outputs to dsp chip after double operational filter and amplification unit filtering amplifies processing.
4. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described IGBT driver element comprises NAND gate circuit, IGBT drives chip and isolating transformer, the input of described NAND gate circuit connects with the output of fpga chip, accept the PWM output signal that fpga chip modulates according to instruction current signal, described PWM output signal enters IGBT through NAND gate circuit shaping output and drives chip to form IGBT switch element driving signal, described IGBT switch element drives signal through isolating transformer, to output to the drive end of IGBT switch element.
5. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 4, it is characterized in that described IGBT drives the function of integrated chip overvoltage, overcurrent, excess temperature, soft shutoff, and thering is soft shutoff input, described soft shutoff input connects with the control output end of fpga chip by the first control line.
6. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described grid integration unit comprises low-pass filtering subdivision and reactor, the HF switch harmonic wave that described low-pass filtering subdivision forms in order to filter IGBT switch element, the output of low-pass filtering subdivision is connected with reactor, and outputs to three phase network through described reactor.
7. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 6, it is characterized in that described grid integration unit also comprises contactor, described contactor tandem reactor is to the loop of three phase network, described contactor comprises control end, and described control end is connected to a control signal output of fpga chip by the second control line.
8. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that system running state collecting unit comprises the radiator temperature transducer of IGBT switch element, the DC bus overcurrent-overvoltage transducer of the operating state transducer of IGBT switch element, IGBT switch element, contactor temperature sensor, system radiating fan running status transducer, and by the double operational filtering conditioning unit forming with each transducer double operational filtering one to one modulate circuit.
9. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising man-machine interface, described man-machine interface is a touch screen, it is communicated by letter with dsp chip and/or fpga chip by 485 interfaces, and described man-machine interface is in order to the parameter waveform of display system operating state, each index.
10. a kind of parallel connection type active electric filter according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising external communication interface, and described external communication interface adopts standard communication interface, to provide and being connected and the passage of parallel operation operation of upper strata control system.
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