CN103682664B - A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna - Google Patents
A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN103682664B CN103682664B CN201210317205.3A CN201210317205A CN103682664B CN 103682664 B CN103682664 B CN 103682664B CN 201210317205 A CN201210317205 A CN 201210317205A CN 103682664 B CN103682664 B CN 103682664B
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- subreflector
- core layer
- metamaterial
- microwave antenna
- annular region
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna, it includes metamaterial panel, feed, first order subreflector and second level subreflector, the metamaterial panel is provided centrally with the first centre bore, and the second level subreflector is provided centrally with the second centre bore；The first order subreflector is embedded on the first centre bore of the metamaterial panel, and the feed is embedded on the second centre bore of the second level subreflector.The present invention can carry out converging the property of electromagnetic wave and be used as first order subreflector and second level subreflector by the use of two ellipse of revolution faces using Meta Materials, the structure of antenna can be made compacter, and the microwave antenna with long-focus is equivalent in effect, the Energy distribution on bore face is adjusted simultaneously, so as to improve the aperture efficiency of antenna, good far-field radiation response has been obtained；In addition, its difficulty of processing is small, cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more specifically to a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna.
Background technology
Microwave is the wave band between ultrashort wave and infrared ray in electromagnetic spectrum, and it is most short that it belongs to radio medium wavelength
（Frequency highest）Wave band, its frequency range is from 300MHz（Wavelength 1m）To 300GHz (wavelength 0.1m).Work in metric wave, decimetre
The transmitting of the wave bands such as ripple, centimeter wave, millimeter wave or reception antenna are referred to as microwave antenna.In microwave antenna, using wider
There are parabola antenna, horn reflector antenna, electromagnetic horn and lens antenna etc..
For example, existing satellite television receiving antenna is exactly parabola antenna, the parabola antenna is responsible for believing on satellite
Number reflex in feed and tuner.Feed be parabola antenna focal point setting one be used for collect satellite-signal
Loudspeaker, also known as corrugated horn.Its major function has two：One is that the electromagnetic wave signal for receiving antenna is collected, and is transformed into
Signal voltage, supply high frequency head.Two be to carry out polarization conversion to the electromagnetic wave of reception.Tuner LNB（Also known as frequency demultiplier）Being will
The satellite-signal that feed is sent carries out frequency reducing and signal amplification then passes to DVB.
LNB workflow is exactly that first satellite high-frequency signals are amplified to after hundreds thousand of times to recycle local oscillation circuit will
High-frequency signals are changed to intermediate frequency 950MHz-2050MHz, transmission and the demodulation work of DVB in favor of coaxial cable
Make.DVB is to be demodulated the satellite-signal that tuner conveying comes, and demodulates satellite television image or data signal
And audio signal.When receiving satellite-signal, after parallel electromagnetic wave is reflected by parabola antenna, converge on feed.Generally,
The corresponding feed of parabola antenna is an electromagnetic horn.However, the Machining of Curved Surface difficulty of the reflecting surface due to parabola antenna
Greatly, required precision is also high, makes trouble, and cost is higher.In addition, the existing parabola antenna volume is larger, bore effect
Rate is low.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are, are difficult for the processing of existing microwave antenna, the defect that cost is high, carry
The low metamaterial microwave antenna of simple, manufacturing cost is processed for a kind of.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is：
A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna, including metamaterial panel, feed, first order subreflector and second level pair reflection
Face, the metamaterial panel is provided centrally with the first centre bore, and the second level subreflector is provided centrally with second
Heart hole；The first order subreflector is embedded on the first centre bore of the metamaterial panel, and the feed is embedded in described second
On second centre bore of level subreflector；
The first order subreflector and second level subreflector are ellipse of revolution face；
The metamaterial panel includes core layer, and the core layer includes at least one core layer, the core layer
Multiple man-made microstructures that lamella includes the base material of sheet and is arranged on base material；
The core layer can be divided into according to index distribution be distributed in around first centre bore and with it is described
Refractive index in multiple annular regions of the concyclic heart of first centre bore, the annular region at same radius is identical, and in annular
It is gradually reduced in the respective region in region with the increase refractive index of radius, the annular of inner side is in two neighboring annular region
The minimum value of the refractive index in region is less than the maximum of the refractive index of the annular region in outside.
Further, the first order subreflector and the confocal axle of second level subreflector.
Further, pair of the focal axis of the first order subreflector and second level subreflector and the metamaterial panel
Claim overlapping of axles.
Further, the phase center of the feed is placed in the distal end focus of the first order subreflector, and described
The distal end focus of two grades of subreflectors is placed in the near-end focus of first order subreflector.
Further, the core layer includes the core layer that multiple index distributions are identical and are parallel to each other.
Further, the first order subreflector and second level subreflector are metal mirror.
Further, each annular region in the core layer is respectively provided with identical variations in refractive index scope.
Further, the metamaterial panel also includes being arranged on the matching layers of core layer both sides, with realize from air to
The impedance matching of core layer.
Further, multiple man-made microstructure shapes of each core layer of the core layer are identical, the annular
Multiple man-made microstructures in region at same radius have an identical physical dimension, and in the respective region of annular region with
The physical dimension for the increase man-made microstructure of radius is gradually reduced, two neighboring annular region, the annular region in inner side
The physical dimension of the minimum man-made microstructure of interior physical dimension is less than the maximum people of physical dimension in the annular region in outside
Make the physical dimension of micro-structural.
Further, the man-made microstructure is the metal micro structure of plane flakes.
The beneficial effect of metamaterial microwave antenna of the present invention：The present invention can carry out converging the property of electromagnetic wave using Meta Materials
And by the use of two ellipse of revolution faces as first order subreflector and second level subreflector, the structure of antenna can be made more to step up
Gather, and the microwave antenna with long-focus is equivalent in effect, while the Energy distribution on bore face is adjusted, so as to improve day
The aperture efficiency of line, has obtained good far-field radiation response；In addition, its difficulty of processing is small, cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the metamaterial microwave antenna of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the index distribution schematic diagram of the core layer of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, according to metamaterial microwave antenna of the present invention include feed 10, first order subreflector 20,
Second level subreflector 30 and metamaterial panel 40.The metamaterial panel 40 is provided with circular first at its center
Centre bore, the second level subreflector 30 is provided with the second centre bore at its center, and the metamaterial panel 40 includes
Core layer 401 and the matching layer 402 for being arranged on the both side surface of core layer 401, the core layer 401 include at least one core layer
Lamella, multiple man-made microstructures that the core layer includes the base material of sheet and is arranged on base material, the core layer
Lamella can be divided into according to index distribution be distributed in it is multiple around the first centre bore and with the concyclic heart of the first centre bore
Annular region.In two neighboring annular region, the minimum value of the refractive index of the annular region in inner side is less than in outside
The maximum of the refractive index of annular region.It is to preferably retouch that core layer is divided into multiple annular regions according to refractive index
The present invention is stated, being not meant to the core layer of the present invention has such a practical structures.
In the present invention, the longitudinal cross-section of the metamaterial panel 40 can be the rectangle with center hole, can also
Be annular, can also be other those skilled in the art it is conceivable that figure, as shown in Fig. 2 the metamaterial panel 40
Include ringed nucleus central layer and the annular matching layer positioned at the ringed nucleus central layer both sides for annular, the i.e. annular metamaterial panel,
Matching layer is transferred to ringed nucleus central layer from air for electromagnetic wave or ringed nucleus central layer is transferred to the impedance matching of air.Its
In, ringed nucleus central layer includes at least one toroid core synusia layer composition.Each toroid core synusia layer is arranged according to refractive index
Rule is segmented into multiple annular regions, for example, as shown in Fig. 2 toroid core synusia layer according to refractive index arrangement rule
It is divided into tri- regions of H1, H2, H3, wherein be gradually reduced in the respective region of H1, H2, H3 with the increase refractive index of radius,
And it is identical with the refractive index at Radius；In tri- regions of H1, H2, H3, all with identical variations in refractive index scope, example
Such as：Refractive index in three regions is the folding of the annular region in inner side in 5,4,3,2,1, and two neighboring annular region
Penetrate the maximum of refractive index of the minimum value less than the annular region in outside of rate.I.e. in the intersection in H1 and H2 regions, position
It is 1 in the refractive index in H1 region, but it is boundary between 5, H2 and H3 regions that the refractive index in the H2 regions, which is exactly,
Place is also such.
In the present invention, the first order subreflector 20 is arranged on the first centre bore of metamaterial panel 40, and is located at
On the axis of the metamaterial panel 40, i.e., in the line and metamaterial panel 40 at the center of feed 10 and core layer
Axis is overlapped.As shown in figure 1, feed 10 is embedded on second centre bore at the center of second level subreflector 30；The first order is secondary anti-
Face 20 is penetrated to be embedded in the inner circle of annular metamaterial panel 40；The phase center of feed 10（Need to determine）It is placed in the first order secondary anti-
Penetrate on the distal end focus A in face 20, the distal end focus of second level subreflector 30 is placed in the near-end focus B of first order subreflector 20
On, the near-end focus of second level subreflector 30 is designated as C；
The first order subreflector 20 and second level subreflector 30 are ellipse of revolution face, and the rotation in this implementation is ellipse
Disc includes metal rotation ellipsoid, preferably copper ellipse of revolution face.The confocal axle in above-mentioned two ellipse of revolution face, and two rotations are ellipse
The focal axis of disc and the symmetrical overlapping of axles of metamaterial panel 40；The feed 10 has support support with metamaterial panel 40, schemes
In do not show that support, its be not the present invention core, using traditional supporting way.Other feed 10 is preferably loudspeaker
Antenna.
The core layer 401 includes the core layer that multiple index distributions are identical and are parallel to each other.Multiple core layers
Lamella is brought into close contact, and can be fixedly connected each other by two-sided glue sticking, or by bolt etc..
The man-made microstructure of the present invention is preferably metal micro structure, and the metal micro structure is by one or more metal wire group
Into.Metal wire has certain width and thickness in itself.The metal micro structure of the present invention is preferably to have isotropic electromagnetism
The metal micro structure of parameter, the metal micro structure is the metal micro structure of plane flakes.
For the man-made microstructure with planar structure, isotropism, refer to on the two dimensional surface with any angle
Spend incident any electromagnetic wave, above-mentioned man-made microstructure electric field response on this plane and magnetic responsiveness all same, Ye Jijie
Electric constant is identical with magnetic conductivity；For the man-made microstructure with three-dimensional structure, isotropism refers to in three dimensions
Incident electromagnetic wave in either direction, each electric field response and magnetic responsiveness of the above-mentioned man-made microstructure on three dimensions is homogeneous
Together.When man-made microstructure is 90 degree of rotational symmetry structures, man-made microstructure has isotropic feature.
For two-dimension plane structure, 90 degree rotationally symmetrical to refer to it on this plane around one perpendicular to the plane and to cross its right
The rotary shaft at title center is overlapped after being arbitrarily rotated by 90 ° with original structure；For three-dimensional structure, if with vertical two-by-two and friendship altogether
Point（Intersection point is pivot）3 rotary shafts so that the structure around any rotary shaft be rotated by 90 ° after overlapped with original structure
Or it is symmetrical with an interface with original structure, then the structure is 90 degree of rotational symmetry structures.
Known refractive indexWherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε is collectively referred to as electromagnetism ginseng
Number.It is demonstrated experimentally that during electromagnetic wave dielectric material heterogeneous by refractive index, can be to the big direction deviation of refractive index（To refraction
The big metamaterial unit deviation of rate）.Therefore, core layer of the invention has convergence effect, the hair such as satellite or base station to electromagnetic wave
The electromagnetic wave gone out launches electromagnetic wave by feed 10 first, sequentially passes through first order subreflector 20 and second level pair reflection 30
After reflection, then by the convergence effect of metamaterial panel 40, therefore, rationally the index distribution of design core layer 401, can make
The electromagnetic wave that sends such as satellite or base station is sequentially passed through after first reflection, the second secondary reflection, then converged by metamaterial panel
It is poly-, can be by electromagenetic wave radiation into free space, and the gain of antenna can be improved.If in the situation that the material of base material is selected
Under, super material can be obtained by designing the arrangement of the shape, physical dimension and/or man-made microstructure of man-made microstructure on base material
In electromagnetic parameter distribution inside material, the present invention, multiple man-made microstructure shapes of each core layer of the core layer 401
Shape is identical, and multiple man-made microstructures in the annular region at same radius have identical physical dimension, and in annulus
The physical dimension of increase man-made microstructure in the respective region in domain with radius is gradually reduced, two neighboring annular region, place
It is less than in the physical dimension of the minimum man-made microstructure of physical dimension in the annular region of inner side in the annular region in outside
The physical dimension of the maximum man-made microstructure of physical dimension, so as to design the index distribution of each core layer.First
The electromagnetic parameter spatial distribution inside Meta Materials is calculated from the effect required for Meta Materials, according to the space of electromagnetic parameter
It is distributed to select shape, the physical dimension of man-made microstructure（Storage has a variety of man-made microstructure data in advance in computer）, it is right
The design of man-made microstructure can use the method for exhaustion, for example, first select a man-made microstructure with given shape, calculate electromagnetism
Parameter, the contrast that obtained result is wanted with us, circulation is multiple, until untill finding the electromagnetic parameter that we want,
If have found, the design parameter selection of man-made microstructure is completed；If not finding, a kind of man-made microstructure of shape is changed,
Circulation above is repeated, until untill finding the electromagnetic parameter that we want.If still do not found, said process is not yet
It can stop.That is the man-made microstructure of the electromagnetic parameter of our needs is only have found, program can just stop.Due to this
Process is all completed by computer, therefore, is seemed complicated, will soon be completed in fact.
In the present invention, the base material of the core layer 401 by ceramic material, high polymer material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or
Ferromagnetic material etc. is made.High polymer material is available polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), epoxy resin, F4B composites, FR-4 composite woods
Material etc..For example, the electrical insulating property of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is very good, therefore will not produce interference to the electric field of electromagnetic wave, and have
Excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, service life are long.
In the present invention, the metal micro structure is the metal wires such as copper cash or silver wire.Above-mentioned metal wire can by etching,
Plating, carve, photoetching, the method that electronics is carved or ion is carved are attached on base material.It is of course also possible to use three-dimensional Laser Processing
Technique.
As shown in figure 1, the structural representation of the metamaterial panel for first embodiment of the invention, in the present embodiment, institute
The matching layer 402 that metamaterial panel also includes being arranged on core layer both sides is stated, to realize from air to core layer 401 impedance
Match somebody with somebody.It is known that the refractive index between medium is bigger, then when electromagnetic wave is from a medium incident to another medium, reflection is got over
Greatly, reflect big, it is meant that the loss of energy, be at this time accomplished by the matching of refractive index, it is known that refractive indexWherein μ is
Relative permeability, ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε is collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter.It is understood that the refractive index of air is 1, therefore, this
Sample designs matching layer, i.e., the refractive index and air of the side of close air are essentially identical, the refractive index close to the side of core layer
The core layer refractive index connected with it is essentially identical.So, the index matching from air to core layer is achieved that, is subtracted
Small reflection, i.e., energy loss can be reduced greatly, and it is farther that such electromagnetic wave can be transmitted.
In summary, the present invention can carry out converging the property of electromagnetic wave and be used as pair by the use of ellipse of revolution face using Meta Materials
Reflecting surface, can make the structure of antenna compacter, and be equivalent to the microwave antenna with long-focus in effect, while adjusting mouth
Energy distribution on diametric plane, so as to improve the aperture efficiency of antenna, has obtained good far-field radiation response；In addition, it adds
Work difficulty is small, and cost is low.
Embodiments of the invention are described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restricted, one of ordinary skill in the art
Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection is not departed from, it can also make a lot
Form, these are belonged within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna, it is characterised in that including metamaterial panel, feed, first order subreflector and
Two grades of subreflectors, the metamaterial panel is provided centrally with the first centre bore, and the center of the second level subreflector sets
It is equipped with the second centre bore；The first order subreflector is embedded on the first centre bore of the metamaterial panel, and the feed is embedding
In on the second centre bore of the second level subreflector；
The first order subreflector and second level subreflector are ellipse of revolution face, and described two ellipse of revolution faces are spill
Curved surface is set toward each other；
The metamaterial panel includes core layer, and the core layer includes at least one core layer, the core layer
Base material including sheet and the multiple man-made microstructures being arranged on base material；
The core layer can be divided into according to index distribution to be distributed in around first centre bore and with described first
Refractive index in multiple annular regions of the concyclic heart of centre bore, the annular region at same radius is identical, and in annular region
It is gradually reduced in respective region with the increase refractive index of radius, the annular region of inner side is in two neighboring annular region
Refractive index minimum value be less than in outside annular region refractive index maximum.
2. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first order subreflector and
Two grades of confocal axles of subreflector.
3. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the first order subreflector and
The symmetrical overlapping of axles of the focal axis of two grades of subreflectors and the metamaterial panel.
4. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the phase center of the feed is placed in
In the distal end focus of the first order subreflector, the distal end focus of the second level subreflector is placed in first order subreflector
Near-end focus on.
5. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the core layer includes multiple refractions
Rate is distributed core layer that is identical and being parallel to each other.
6. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first order subreflector and
Two grades of subreflectors are metal mirror.
7. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 5, it is characterised in that each in the core layer
Annular region is respectively provided with identical variations in refractive index scope.
8. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the metamaterial panel also includes setting
The matching layer in core layer both sides is put, to realize the impedance matching from air to core layer.
9. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1 to 8 any one, it is characterised in that the core layer
Each core layer multiple man-made microstructure shapes it is identical, it is multiple artificial micro- at same radius in the annular region
Structure has an identical physical dimension, and in the respective region of annular region with radius increase man-made microstructure geometry
Size is gradually reduced, two neighboring annular region, the minimum man-made microstructure of physical dimension in the annular region in inner side
Physical dimension is less than the physical dimension of the maximum man-made microstructure of physical dimension in the annular region in outside.
10. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the man-made microstructure is plane
The metal micro structure of flakes.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210317205.3A CN103682664B (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna |
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| CN201210317205.3A CN103682664B (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna |
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| CN103682664A CN103682664A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
| CN103682664B true CN103682664B (en) | 2017-09-19 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202042599U (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-11-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Double reflector antenna |
| CN202231160U (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-05-23 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Antenna based on metamaterial |
| CN102544745A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-07-04 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Hybrid transmission-reflection microwave antenna |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US7570432B1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-04 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Metamaterial gradient index lens |
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2012
- 2012-08-31 CN CN201210317205.3A patent/CN103682664B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202042599U (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-11-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Double reflector antenna |
| CN202231160U (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-05-23 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Antenna based on metamaterial |
| CN102544745A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-07-04 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Hybrid transmission-reflection microwave antenna |
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| CN103682664A (en) | 2014-03-26 |
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