CN103682662B - A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna - Google Patents
A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna Download PDFInfo
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- CN103682662B CN103682662B CN201210316822.1A CN201210316822A CN103682662B CN 103682662 B CN103682662 B CN 103682662B CN 201210316822 A CN201210316822 A CN 201210316822A CN 103682662 B CN103682662 B CN 103682662B
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- subreflector
- core layer
- metamaterial
- microwave antenna
- annular region
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna, it includes metamaterial panel, feed, first order subreflector and second level subreflector, the metamaterial panel is provided centrally with the first centre bore, and the second level subreflector is provided centrally with the second centre bore;The first order subreflector is on the first centre bore of the metamaterial panel, and the feed is on the second centre bore of the second level subreflector.The present invention can carry out converging the property of electromagnetic wave and be used as first order subreflector and second level subreflector by the use of two hyperboloids of revolution using Meta Materials, the structure of antenna can be made compacter, and the microwave antenna with long-focus is equivalent in effect, the Energy distribution on bore face is adjusted simultaneously, so as to improve the aperture efficiency of antenna, good far-field radiation field response has been obtained;In addition, its difficulty of processing is small, cost is low.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, more specifically to a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna.
Background technology
Microwave is the wave band between ultrashort wave and infrared ray in electromagnetic spectrum, and it is most short that it belongs to radio medium wavelength
(Frequency highest)Wave band, its frequency range is from 300MHz(Wavelength 1m)To 300GHz (wavelength 0.1m).Work in metric wave, decimetre
The transmitting of the wave bands such as ripple, centimeter wave, millimeter wave or reception antenna are referred to as microwave antenna.In microwave antenna, application is wider
There are parabola antenna, horn reflector antenna, electromagnetic horn and lens antenna etc..
For example, existing satellite television receiving antenna is exactly parabola antenna, the parabola antenna is responsible for believing on satellite
Number reflex in feed and tuner.Feed be parabola antenna focal point setting one be used for collect satellite-signal
Loudspeaker, also known as corrugated horn.Its major function has two:First, the electromagnetic wave signal that antenna is received collects, it is transformed into
Signal voltage, supply high frequency head.Second, polarization conversion is carried out to the electromagnetic wave of reception.Tuner LNB(Also known as frequency demultiplier)Being will
The satellite-signal that feed is sent carries out frequency reducing and signal amplification then passes to DVB.
LNB workflow is exactly to recycle local oscillation circuit will after satellite high-frequency signals first are amplified into hundreds thousand of times
High-frequency signals are changed to intermediate frequency 950MHz-2050MHz, in favor of the transmission of coaxial cable and the demodulation work of DVB
Make.DVB is to be demodulated the satellite-signal that tuner conveying comes, and demodulates satellite television image or data signal
And audio signal.When receiving satellite-signal, after parallel electromagnetic wave is reflected by parabola antenna, converge on feed.Generally,
Feed corresponding to parabola antenna is an electromagnetic horn.However, the Machining of Curved Surface difficulty of the reflecting surface due to parabola antenna
Greatly, required precision is also high, makes trouble, and cost is higher.In addition, the existing parabola antenna volume is larger, bore effect
Rate is low.
The content of the invention
The technical problems to be solved by the invention are, for the defects of processing of existing microwave antenna is not easy, cost is high, to carry
Metamaterial microwave antenna simple, that manufacturing cost is low is processed for a kind of.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna, including the secondary reflection in metamaterial panel, feed, first order subreflector and the second level
Face, the metamaterial panel are provided centrally with the first centre bore, and the second level subreflector is provided centrally with second
Heart hole;For the first order subreflector on the first centre bore of the metamaterial panel, the feed is embedded in described second
On second centre bore of level subreflector;
The first order subreflector and second level subreflector are the hyperboloid of revolution;
The metamaterial panel includes core layer, and the core layer includes at least one core layer, the core layer
Multiple man-made microstructures that lamella includes the base material of sheet and is arranged on base material;
The core layer can be divided into according to index distribution be distributed in around first centre bore and with it is described
Multiple annular regions of the concyclic heart of first centre bore, the refractive index in the annular region at same radius is identical, and in annular
It is gradually reduced in the respective region in region with the increase refractive index of radius, the annular of inner side is in two neighboring annular region
The minimum value of the refractive index in region is less than the maximum of the refractive index of the annular region in outside.
Further, the first order subreflector and the confocal axle of second level subreflector.
Further, pair of the focal axis of the first order subreflector and second level subreflector and the metamaterial panel
Claim overlapping of axles.
Further, the phase center of the feed is placed in the outside focus of the first order subreflector, and described
The outside focus of two level subreflector is placed in the inner side focus of first order subreflector.
Further, the core layer includes the core layer that multiple index distributions are identical and are parallel to each other.
Further, the first order subreflector and second level subreflector are metal mirror.
Further, each annular region in the core layer is respectively provided with identical variations in refractive index scope.
Further, the metamaterial panel also includes being arranged on the matching layers of core layer both sides, with realize from air to
The impedance matching of core layer.
Further, multiple man-made microstructure shapes of each core layer of the core layer are identical, the annular
Multiple man-made microstructures in region at same radius have an identical physical dimension, and in the respective region of annular region with
The physical dimension for the increase man-made microstructure of radius is gradually reduced, two neighboring annular region, the annular region in inner side
The physical dimension of the minimum man-made microstructure of interior physical dimension is less than the people that physical dimension is maximum in the annular region in outside
Make the physical dimension of micro-structural.
Further, the man-made microstructure is the metal micro structure of plane flakes.
The beneficial effect of metamaterial microwave antenna of the present invention:The present invention can carry out converging the property of electromagnetic wave using Meta Materials
And by the use of two hyperboloids of revolution as first order subreflector and second level subreflector, the structure of antenna can be made more to step up
Gather, and the microwave antenna with long-focus is equivalent in effect, while adjust the Energy distribution on bore face, so as to improve day
The aperture efficiency of line, good far-field radiation field response is obtained;In addition, its difficulty of processing is small, cost is low.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the metamaterial microwave antenna of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the index distribution schematic diagram of the core layer of the present invention.
Embodiment
As shown in figure 1, according to metamaterial microwave antenna of the present invention include feed 10, first order subreflector 20,
Second level subreflector 30 and metamaterial panel 40.The metamaterial panel 40 is provided with circular first at its center
Centre bore, the second level subreflector 30 are provided with the second centre bore at its center, and the metamaterial panel 40 includes
Core layer 401 and the matching layer 402 for being arranged on the both side surface of core layer 401, the core layer 401 include at least one core layer
Lamella, multiple man-made microstructures that the core layer includes the base material of sheet and is arranged on base material, the core layer
Lamella can be divided into according to index distribution be distributed in it is multiple around the first centre bore and with the concyclic heart of the first centre bore
Annular region.In two neighboring annular region, the minimum value of the refractive index of the annular region in inner side is less than in outside
The maximum of the refractive index of annular region.It is to preferably retouch that core layer is divided into multiple annular regions according to refractive index
The present invention is stated, being not meant to the core layer of the present invention has such a practical structures.
In the present invention, the longitudinal cross-section of the metamaterial panel 40 can be the rectangle for having center hole, can also
Be annular, can also be other those skilled in the art it is conceivable that figure, as shown in Fig. 2 the metamaterial panel 40
For annular, i.e. the annular metamaterial panel includes ringed nucleus central layer and the annular matching layer positioned at the ringed nucleus central layer both sides,
Matching layer is transferred to ringed nucleus central layer from air for electromagnetic wave or ringed nucleus central layer is transferred to the impedance matching of air.Its
In, ringed nucleus central layer forms including at least one toroid core synusia layer.Each toroid core synusia layer is arranged according to refractive index
Rule is segmented into multiple annular regions, for example, as shown in Fig. 2 the toroid core synusia layer according to refractive index arrangement rule
It is divided into tri- regions of H1, H2, H3, wherein be gradually reduced in the respective region of H1, H2, H3 with the increase refractive index of radius,
It is and identical with the refractive index at Radius;In tri- regions of H1, H2, H3, all with identical variations in refractive index scope, example
Such as:Refractive index in three regions is 5,4,3,2,1, and the folding of the annular region of inner side is in two neighboring annular region
Penetrate maximum of the minimum value less than the refractive index of the annular region in outside of rate.I.e. in the intersection in H1 and H2 regions, position
It is 1 in the refractive index in H1 region, but the refractive index in the H2 regions is exactly the boundary between 5, H2 and H3 regions
Place is also such.
In the present invention, the first order subreflector 20 is arranged on the first centre bore of metamaterial panel 40, and is located at
On the axis of the metamaterial panel 40, i.e., in the line at the center of feed 10 and core layer and metamaterial panel 40
Axis overlaps.As shown in figure 1, feed 10 is on second centre bore at the center of second level subreflector 30;The first order is secondary anti-
Face 20 is penetrated in the inner circle of annular metamaterial panel 40;The phase center of feed 10(Need to determine)It is secondary anti-to be placed in the first order
Penetrate on the outside focus A in face 20, the outside focus of second level subreflector 30 is placed in the inner side focus B of first order subreflector 20
On, the inner side focus of second level subreflector 30 is designated as C;
The first order subreflector 20 and second level subreflector 30 are the hyperboloid of revolution, and the rotation in this implementation is double
Curved surface includes metal rotation hyperboloid, preferably the copper hyperboloid of revolution.The confocal axle of the above-mentioned two hyperboloid of revolution, and two rotations are double
The focal axis of curved surface and the symmetrical overlapping of axles of metamaterial panel 40;The feed 10 has support support with metamaterial panel 40, schemes
In do not show that support, its be not the present invention core, using traditional supporting way.Other feed 10 is preferably loudspeaker
Antenna.
The core layer 401 includes the core layer that multiple index distributions are identical and are parallel to each other.Multiple core layers
Lamella is brought into close contact, and can be fixedly connected between each other by two-sided glue sticking, or by bolt etc..
The man-made microstructure of the present invention is preferably metal micro structure, and the metal micro structure is by one or more metal wire group
Into.Metal wire has certain width and thickness in itself.The metal micro structure of the present invention is preferably to have isotropic electromagnetism
The metal micro structure of parameter, the metal micro structure are the metal micro structure of plane flakes.
For the man-made microstructure with planar structure, isotropism, refer to on the two dimensional surface with any angle
Spend incident any electromagnetic wave, above-mentioned man-made microstructure electric field response on this plane and magnetic responsiveness all same, Ye Jijie
Electric constant is identical with magnetic conductivity;For the man-made microstructure with three-dimensional structure, isotropism refers to in three dimensions
Incident electromagnetic wave in either direction, each electric field response and magnetic responsiveness of the above-mentioned man-made microstructure on three dimensions are homogeneous
Together.When man-made microstructure is 90 degree of rotational symmetry structures, man-made microstructure has isotropic feature.
For two-dimension plane structure, 90 degree of rotational symmetry refer to that it perpendicular to the plane and crosses that its is right around one on this plane
The rotary shaft at title center overlaps after being arbitrarily rotated by 90 ° with original structure;For three-dimensional structure, if with vertical two-by-two and friendship altogether
Point(Intersection point is pivot)3 rotary shafts so that the structure around any rotary shaft be rotated by 90 ° after overlapped with original structure
Or it is symmetrical with an interface with original structure, then the structure is 90 degree of rotational symmetry structures.
Known refractive indexWherein μ is relative permeability, and ε is relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε is collectively referred to as electromagnetism ginseng
Number.It is demonstrated experimentally that during electromagnetic wave dielectric material heterogeneous by refractive index, can be to the big direction deviation of refractive index(To refraction
The big metamaterial unit deviation of rate).Therefore, core layer of the invention has convergence effect, the hair such as satellite or base station to electromagnetic wave
The electromagnetic wave gone out launches electromagnetic wave by feed 10 first, successively by the secondary reflection 30 of first order subreflector 20 and the second level
After reflection, then the convergence effect by metamaterial panel 40, therefore, the index distribution of core layer 401 is rationally designed, can be made
The electromagnetic wave that satellite or base station etc. are sent is obtained to converge after first reflection, the second secondary reflection, then by metamaterial panel successively
It is poly-, can be by electromagenetic wave radiation into free space, and the gain of antenna can be improved.If in the situation that the material of base material is selected
Under, super material can be obtained by designing the arrangement of the shape, physical dimension and/or man-made microstructure of man-made microstructure on base material
Electromagnetic parameter distribution inside material, in of the invention, multiple man-made microstructure shapes of each core layer of the core layer 401
Shape is identical, and multiple man-made microstructures in the annular region at same radius have identical physical dimension, and in annulus
The physical dimension of increase man-made microstructure in the respective region in domain with radius is gradually reduced, two neighboring annular region, place
It is less than in the physical dimension of the minimum man-made microstructure of physical dimension in the annular region of inner side in the annular region in outside
The physical dimension of the maximum man-made microstructure of physical dimension, so as to design the index distribution of each core layer.First
The electromagnetic parameter spatial distribution inside Meta Materials is calculated from the effect required for Meta Materials, according to the space of electromagnetic parameter
It is distributed to select the shape of man-made microstructure, physical dimension(Storage has a variety of man-made microstructure data in advance in computer), it is right
The design of man-made microstructure can use the method for exhaustion, such as first select a man-made microstructure with given shape, calculate electromagnetism
Parameter, the contrast that obtained result is wanted with us, circulation is multiple, until untill finding the electromagnetic parameter that we want,
If have found, the design parameter selection of man-made microstructure is completed;If not finding, a kind of man-made microstructure of shape is changed,
Circulation above is repeated, until untill finding the electromagnetic parameter that we want.If still do not found, said process is not yet
It can stop.That is the man-made microstructure of the electromagnetic parameter of our needs is only have found, program can just stop.Due to this
Process is completed by computer, therefore, is seemed complicated, will soon be completed in fact.
In the present invention, the base material of the core layer 401 by ceramic material, high polymer material, ferroelectric material, ferrite material or
Ferromagnetic material etc. is made.High polymer material is available polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), epoxy resin, F4B composites, FR-4 composite woods
Material etc..For example, the electrical insulating property of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) is very good, therefore will not produce interference to the electric field of electromagnetic wave, and have
Excellent chemical stability, corrosion resistance, service life length.
In the present invention, the metal micro structure is the metal wires such as copper cash or silver wire.Above-mentioned metal wire can by etching,
Plating, carve, photoetching, the method that electronics is carved or ion is carved are attached on base material.It is of course also possible to use three-dimensional Laser Processing
Technique.
As shown in figure 1, the structural representation of the metamaterial panel for first embodiment of the invention, in the present embodiment, institute
The matching layer 402 that metamaterial panel also includes being arranged on core layer both sides is stated, to realize from air to core layer 401 impedance
Match somebody with somebody.It is known that the refractive index between medium is bigger, then when electromagnetic wave is from a medium incident to another medium, reflection is got over
Greatly, reflection is big, it is meant that the loss of energy, at this time just needs the matching of refractive index, it is known that refractive indexWherein μ is
Relative permeability, ε are relative dielectric constant, and μ and ε is collectively referred to as electromagnetic parameter.It is understood that the refractive index of air is 1, therefore, this
Sample designs matching layer, i.e. refractive index and air close to the side of air is essentially identical, the refractive index close to the side of core layer
It is essentially identical with the core layer refractive index that it connects.So, the index matching from air to core layer is achieved that, is subtracted
Small reflection, i.e., energy loss can be reduced greatly, and such electromagnetic wave can transmit farther.
In summary, the present invention can carry out converging the property of electromagnetic wave using Meta Materials and be used as pair by the use of the hyperboloid of revolution
Reflecting surface, the structure of antenna can be made compacter, and the microwave antenna with long-focus is equivalent in effect, while adjust mouth
Energy distribution on diametric plane, so as to improve the aperture efficiency of antenna, good far-field radiation field response is obtained;In addition, it adds
Work difficulty is small, and cost is low.
Embodiments of the invention are described above in conjunction with accompanying drawing, but the invention is not limited in above-mentioned specific
Embodiment, above-mentioned embodiment is only schematical, rather than restricted, one of ordinary skill in the art
Under the enlightenment of the present invention, in the case of present inventive concept and scope of the claimed protection is not departed from, it can also make a lot
Form, these are belonged within the protection of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna, it is characterised in that including metamaterial panel, feed, first order subreflector and
Two level subreflector, the metamaterial panel are provided centrally with the first centre bore, and the center of the second level subreflector is set
It is equipped with the second centre bore;For the first order subreflector on the first centre bore of the metamaterial panel, the feed is embedding
In on the second centre bore of the second level subreflector;
The first order subreflector and the hyperboloid of revolution that second level subreflector is evagination;
The metamaterial panel includes core layer, and the core layer includes at least one core layer, the core layer
Base material including sheet and the multiple man-made microstructures being arranged on base material;
The core layer can be divided into according to index distribution to be distributed in around first centre bore and with described first
Multiple annular regions of the concyclic heart of centre bore, the refractive index in the annular region at same radius is identical, and in annular region
It is gradually reduced in respective region with the increase refractive index of radius, the annular region of inner side is in two neighboring annular region
Refractive index minimum value be less than in outside annular region refractive index maximum.
2. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first order subreflector and
The confocal axle of two level subreflector.
3. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the first order subreflector and
The symmetrical overlapping of axles of the focal axis of two level subreflector and the metamaterial panel.
4. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the phase center of the feed is placed in
In the outside focus of the first order subreflector, the outside focus of the second level subreflector is placed in first order subreflector
Inner side focus on.
5. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the core layer includes multiple refractions
Rate is distributed core layer that is identical and being parallel to each other.
6. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the first order subreflector and
Two level subreflector is metal mirror.
7. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 5, it is characterised in that each in the core layer
Annular region is respectively provided with identical variations in refractive index scope.
8. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the metamaterial panel also includes setting
The matching layer in core layer both sides is put, to realize the impedance matching from air to core layer.
A kind of 9. metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1 to 8 any one, it is characterised in that the core layer
Each core layer multiple man-made microstructure shapes it is identical, it is multiple artificial micro- at same radius in the annular region
Structure has an identical physical dimension, and in the respective region of annular region with radius increase man-made microstructure geometry
Size is gradually reduced, two neighboring annular region, the minimum man-made microstructure of physical dimension in the annular region in inner side
Physical dimension is less than the physical dimension of the man-made microstructure that physical dimension is maximum in the annular region in outside.
10. a kind of metamaterial microwave antenna according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the man-made microstructure is plane
The metal micro structure of flakes.
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CN201210316822.1A CN103682662B (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna |
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CN201210316822.1A CN103682662B (en) | 2012-08-31 | 2012-08-31 | A kind of metamaterial microwave antenna |
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Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN202042599U (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-11-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Double reflector antenna |
CN202231160U (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-05-23 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Antenna based on metamaterial |
CN102544745A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-07-04 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Hybrid transmission-reflection microwave antenna |
Family Cites Families (1)
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US7570432B1 (en) * | 2008-02-07 | 2009-08-04 | Toyota Motor Engineering & Manufacturing North America, Inc. | Metamaterial gradient index lens |
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Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN202042599U (en) * | 2011-02-21 | 2011-11-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Double reflector antenna |
CN202231160U (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2012-05-23 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Antenna based on metamaterial |
CN102544745A (en) * | 2011-10-31 | 2012-07-04 | 深圳光启高等理工研究院 | Hybrid transmission-reflection microwave antenna |
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