CN103674736B - Large triaxial shear testing instrument for rockfill material degradation - Google Patents
Large triaxial shear testing instrument for rockfill material degradation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103674736B CN103674736B CN201310700062.9A CN201310700062A CN103674736B CN 103674736 B CN103674736 B CN 103674736B CN 201310700062 A CN201310700062 A CN 201310700062A CN 103674736 B CN103674736 B CN 103674736B
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Abstract
A large triaxial shear testing instrument for rockfill material degradation is characterized by comprising a test mainframe, a confining pressure and pore pressure servo loading system, a temperature control system, a closed loop measurement and control system and a computer control and data acquisition system (15). The large triaxial shear testing instrument for rockfill material degradation adopts a multichannel closed loop controller to realize two-way independent high-precision control for axial loading and lateral loading of a servo motor and a reducer ball screw, and a mechanical property test for a rockfill material under a complex stress path can be carried out; the large triaxial shear testing instrument for rockfill material degradation adopts a cold and hot control device provided with a temperature control pump, an acid-base circulating device and an anti-corrosion pipeline, so that physical weathering and chemical weathering tests can be performed simultaneously; and the large triaxial shear testing instrument for rockfill material degradation adopts a differential displacement sensor and a diameter deformation measurement sensor, and accordingly, accurate measurement of a dynamic size change process in a dry and wet change process of a rockfill material test piece is realized.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to test unit technical field, relate to the build a dam deteriorate performance testing apparatus of stockpile of a kind of high earth and rockfill dam, the specifically deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of a kind of stockpile.The present invention is mainly used in measuring the mechanical property of stockpile in experience physical weathering (dry wet and cold and hot effect) and decomposition decay (acidifying) process, also possesses simultaneously and carries out high earth and rockfill dam stockpile complex stress path and rheology, slaking test research function.
Background technology
At present, stockpile is the main material of constructing high earth and rockfill dam, is cost saving, preserves the ecological environment, and near dam site, the excavation stockpile of some easy-weathering lithology has been widely used in filling of rock-fill dams.Generally speaking the weathering process of stockpile is very slowly, but within the time of very short even some months, will there is obvious weathering in some cases, the deteriorated meeting of stockpile mechanical property makes its intensive parameter reduce and cause that dam body produces additional later stage distortion, thereby causes the reduction of dam safety stability.Therefore the testing equipment that, stockpile strength and deformation index under bad effect can be accurately tested in development seems very necessary.
At present develop several for testing the testing equipment of stockpile degradation characteristic both at home and abroad, but had following subject matter:
(1) specimen finish is too little, and scale effect is excessive.Existing testing equipment is that (diameter is 55.7mm for the small-sized compressometer of Milan, ITA technology university in the world, be highly 22mm) and the small-sized direct shear apparatus of Univ Sheffield UK, medium-sized compressometer that domestic existing testing equipment is Tsing-Hua University (diameter and be highly 15cm).Along with the raising of construction level and compaction technology, the maximum particle diameter of stockpile has reached 120cm, and the maximum particle diameter of above-mentioned testing equipment permission test is only 3cm, and scale effect is excessive;
(2) can only carry out K0 consolidation test, can not carry out the experimental study in complex stress path, can not be used for measuring the calculating parameter of at present conventional stockpile constitutive model;
(3) only can carry out physical weathering test, can not carry out decomposition decay test.Along with global environmental pollution causes the weathering aggravation that acid rain causes, environmental change is on the impact of engineering also increasingly significant, and therefore, it is necessary that research reactor building stones stand intensity and deformation characteristic after chemical weathering, and existing instrument does not have this function;
(4) existing Large-scale Triaxial Experiments equipment only can be tested the cubic deformation of saturated sample, the cubic deformation that can not measure dry sample.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of a kind of stockpile, to overcome above-mentioned defect.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
The deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of a kind of stockpile, comprises test main frame, confined pressure and hole pressure servo loading system, temperature control system, closed loop measurement and control system and computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) 15; Described confined pressure is connected with the pressure chamber of test main frame by confined pressure pressurized hole, water seepage hole after pressing servo loading system that loaded medium is pressurized to specified pressure with hole, applies confined pressure to sample; Described temperature control system is heated loaded medium or is freezed to uniform temperature; Closed loop measurement and control system comprises hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument and is connected to pressure and the deformation-sensor on hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument by cable; Described computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) 15 are connected with closed loop measurement and control system, closed loop measurement and control system presses servo loading system to be connected with the servo mobile crossbeam and confined pressure and hole of loading of test main frame respectively, and temperature control system and computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) 15 are connected.
Described test main frame comprises the fixed cross beam 1 connecting successively, servo mobile crossbeam 2, four leading screw groups 6, load sensor 4, pressure head 5, pressure chamber and the main machine base 8 of loading from top to bottom, and sample is placed in pressure chamber; Fixed cross beam 1, four leading screw groups 6 and main machine base 8 form fixed frame, the servo mobile crossbeam 2 that loads can move up and down and sample in pressure chamber is axially loaded along four leading screw groups 6; Main frame servomotor 3 drives four leading screw groups 6 to rotate by worm gear 11 and gear drive 12.Dolly 9 and guide rail 10 drive pressure chamber's turnover.
Described pressure chamber comprises small pressure chamber 7,13He great pressure chamber of middle pressure chamber 14.Require choice for use according to difference.
Described pressure chamber comprises the LVDT displacement transducer 16, power sensor 17 and the radial deformation sensor 18 that arrange from top to bottom, and radial deformation sensor 18 is arranged on sample 19.
Described confined pressure and hole press servo loading system 20 to be grouped into by pressurization servomotor 21, reductor 22, ball-screw charger 23, pedestal 24, water cavity 25, loaded medium, electrical control division, pressurization servomotor 21 connects ball-screw charger 23 by reductor 22, one end of ball-screw charger 23 is water cavity 25, ball-screw charger 23 is arranged on pedestal 24, servomotor drives ball-screw charger to increase pressure to the loaded medium in water cavity by reductor, and by electric control system controlling run.
Described temperature control system comprises heating arrangements and refrigeration mechanism, loaded medium is heated or freeze to uniform temperature, and temperature control mode is that PID regulates.
Described closed loop measurement and control system comprises hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument and pressure and deformation-sensor, is connected by cable and hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument.
Parameter and control signal are transferred to closed loop measurement and control system by computer control and disposal system, closed loop measurement and control system according to above-mentioned parameter and control signal Control Shaft to confined pressure servo loading system, axially and confined pressure servo loading system according to given pressure, displacement control signal loads test specimen, temperature control system is according to the parameter request of computer control and disposal system, press loaded medium in servo loading system heat or freeze to uniform temperature confined pressure and hole, the deformation values producing after test specimen is stressed, gather correlation parameter by sensor and feed back to the closed-loop control instrument in described closed loop measurement and control system, closed-loop control instrument is transferred to computer control disposal system by the parameter collecting after amplifying processing, and show with printer and print net result by display.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile of the present invention has following characteristics:
(1) specimen finish is divided into tri-kinds of 10cm, 20cm and 30cm, can on same equipment, carry out maximum particle diameter is 2cm, 4cm, 6cm dynamic characteristic test, efficiently solve systematic error between distinct device and, by the impact on test result, can be used for studying the impact of scale effect on stockpile mechanical characteristic;
(2) the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile of the present invention adopts hyperchannel closed loop controller to servomotor, reductor ball-screw has been realized the two-way independent high precision control of axial loading and side direction loading, can carry out the dynamic characteristic test of stockpile under complex stress path;
(3) the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile of the present invention adopts cold and hot control device and soda acid circulating device and the anticorrosion pipeline with temperature control pump, can carry out physical weathering and decomposition decay test simultaneously;
(4) the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile of the present invention adopt differential displacement sensor and and diameter distortion survey sensor, realized the accurate measurement of cubic deformation dynamic changing process in the dry wet change procedure of stockpile test specimen;
(5) the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile of the present invention adopts speed reducer for servo motor ball-screw to press voltage regulating mode to axial loading and confined pressure hole, and can carry out xial feed is that 1500kN, confined pressure are to be no less than 4MPa, duration the Rheological Deformation test of 30 days.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is general assembly structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of test main frame of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic top plan view of test main frame of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that servo loading system figure is pressed in confined pressure of the present invention and hole.
Fig. 5 is the figure of triaxial cell of the present invention.
In figure: 1 is fixed cross beam, 2 is the servo mobile crossbeam that loads, 3 is main frame servomotor, 4 is load sensor, 5 is pressure head, 6 is four leading screw groups, 7 is small pressure chamber, 8 is main machine base, 9 is dolly, 10 is guide rail, 11 is worm gear, 12 is gear drive, 13 is middle pressure chamber, 14 is large pressure chamber, 15 is computer control and data acquisition system (DAS), 16 is LVDT displacement transducer, 17 is power sensor, 18 is radial deformation sensor, 19 is pressure chamber's base, 20 is that servo loading system is pressed in confined pressure and hole, 21 is pressurization servomotor, 22 is reductor, 23 is ball-screw charger, 24 is pedestal, 25 is water cavity.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with concrete diagram, that further sets forth this invention realizes technological means, innovative point and major function.
As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of a kind of stockpile, comprises test main frame, confined pressure and hole pressure servo loading system, temperature control system, closed loop measurement and control system and computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) 15; Described confined pressure is connected with the pressure chamber of test main frame by confined pressure pressurized hole, water seepage hole after pressing servo loading system that loaded medium is pressurized to specified pressure with hole, applies confined pressure to sample; Described temperature control system is heated loaded medium or is freezed to uniform temperature; Closed loop measurement and control system comprises hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument and is connected to pressure and the deformation-sensor on hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument by cable; Described computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) 15 are connected with closed loop measurement and control system, closed loop measurement and control system presses servo loading system to be connected with the servo mobile crossbeam and confined pressure and hole of loading of test main frame respectively, and temperature control system and computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) 15 are connected.
Test main frame comprises the fixed cross beam 1 connecting successively, servo mobile crossbeam 2, four leading screw groups 6, load sensor 4, pressure head 5, pressure chamber and the main machine base 8 of loading from top to bottom, and sample is placed in pressure chamber; Fixed cross beam 1, four leading screw groups 6 and main machine base 8 form fixed frame, the servo mobile crossbeam 2 that loads can move up and down and sample in pressure chamber is axially loaded along four leading screw groups 6; Main frame servomotor 3 drives four leading screw groups 6 to rotate by worm gear 11 and gear drive 12.Dolly 9 and guide rail 10 drive pressure chamber's turnover.
Pressure chamber comprises small pressure chamber 7,13He great pressure chamber of middle pressure chamber 14.Require choice for use according to difference.
Pressure chamber comprises the LVDT displacement transducer 16, power sensor 17 and the radial deformation sensor 18 that arrange from top to bottom, and radial deformation sensor 18 is arranged on sample.
Confined pressure and hole press servo loading system 20 to be grouped into by pressurization servomotor 21, reductor 22, ball-screw charger 23, pedestal 24, water cavity 25, loaded medium, electrical control division, pressurization servomotor 21 connects ball-screw charger 23 by reductor 22, one end of ball-screw charger 23 is water cavity 25, ball-screw charger 23 is arranged on pedestal 24, servomotor drives ball-screw charger to increase pressure to the loaded medium in water cavity by reductor, and by electric control system controlling run.
Temperature control system comprises heating arrangements and refrigeration mechanism, loaded medium is heated or freeze to uniform temperature, and temperature control mode is that PID regulates.
Closed loop measurement and control system comprises hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument and pressure and deformation-sensor, is connected by cable and hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument.
Closed loop measurement and control system comprises hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument and is connected in pressure and the deformation-sensor on hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument by cable; Computer control disposal system and closed loop measurement and control system are connected, and closed loop measurement and control system is connected with confined pressure servo loading system, and temperature control system is connected with confined pressure servo loading system.
Parameter and control signal are transferred to closed loop measurement and control system by computer control disposal system, closed loop measurement and control system according to above-mentioned parameter and control signal Control Shaft to pressing servo loading system with confined pressure and hole, axially and confined pressure servo loading system according to given pressure, displacement control signal loads test specimen, temperature control system is according to the parameter request of computer control and disposal system, loaded medium in confined pressure servo loading system is heated or freezed to uniform temperature, test specimen is subject to axially and confined pressure produce deformation values, pass through pressure, displacement transducer gathers correlation parameter and feeds back to the closed loop measurement and control instrument in described closed loop measurement and control system, closed loop measurement and control instrument is transferred to computer control and disposal system by the parameter collecting after amplifying processing, and show with printer and print net result by display.When operation, test specimen is contained in pressure chamber, and axially servo mobile crossbeam loading system, confined pressure servo loading system, closed loop measurement and control system, computer control and disposal system, the temperature control system of loading connects power supply, after checking that wiring is errorless, energising test run, succeed in the test run, can enter test.
, start to test by the various sensor zero clearings in closed loop measurement and control system by computer control disposal system, select to add unloading manner, can enter trystate.After off-test, computer control disposal system is sent instruction, allows confined pressure servo loading system quit work.
Main innovation and the function of the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile of the present invention are:
1, the loading crossbeam on main frame can be adjusted height from 0-1.7m, can change flexibly specimen size according to testing requirements, realize the imagination of research reactor building stones scale effect on same equipment, efficiently solved the systematic error of different tests machine in scale effect research to the impact of test findings.
2, closed loop high-precision controller can be controlled respectively 3 cover speed reducer for servo motor ball-screws loadings, has realized the two-way independent high precision control of axial loading and side direction loading, can carry out the dynamic characteristic test of stockpile under complex stress path.
3, adopt cold and hot control device and soda acid circulating device and the anticorrosion pipeline with temperature control pump, can carry out physical weathering and decomposition decay test simultaneously.
4, adopt differential displacement sensor and and diameter distortion survey sensor, realized the accurate measurement of cubic deformation dynamic changing process in the dry wet change procedure of stockpile sample.
5, load the servomotor worm-gear toothing reductor charger on crossbeam, irreversible latching characteristics while thering is load, and under closed loop controller effect, can adjust payload according to sample deformation situation, implementation power, displacement closed-loop control, this loading system can provide pressure steady in a long-term and can not produce pressure surge situation.
Embodiment recited above is described the preferred embodiment of the present invention; not the spirit and scope of the present invention are limited; do not departing under design concept prerequisite of the present invention; various modification and improvement that in this area, common engineering technical personnel make technical scheme of the present invention; all should fall into protection scope of the present invention, the technology contents of request protection of the present invention has all been documented in claims.
Claims (3)
1. the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile, is characterized in that comprising test main frame, confined pressure and hole pressure servo loading system, temperature control system, closed loop measurement and control system and computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) (15), described confined pressure is connected with the pressure chamber of test main frame by confined pressure pressurized hole, water seepage hole after pressing servo loading system (20) that loaded medium is pressurized to specified pressure with hole, applies confined pressure to sample, described temperature control system is heated loaded medium or is freezed to uniform temperature, closed loop measurement and control system comprises hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument and is connected to pressure and the deformation-sensor on hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument by cable, described computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) (15) are connected with closed loop measurement and control system, closed loop measurement and control system presses servo loading system to be connected with the servo mobile crossbeam and confined pressure and hole of loading of test main frame respectively, and temperature control system and computer control and data acquisition system (DAS) (15) are connected, described test main frame comprises the fixed cross beam (1) connecting successively, servo mobile crossbeam (2), four leading screw groups (6), load sensor (4), pressure head (5), pressure chamber and the main machine base (8) of loading from top to bottom, and sample is placed in pressure chamber, fixed cross beam (1), four leading screw groups (6) and main machine base (8) composition fixed frame, the servo mobile crossbeam (2) that loads can move up and down and sample in pressure chamber is axially loaded along four leading screw groups (6), main frame servomotor (3) drives four leading screw groups (6) to rotate by worm gear (11) and gear drive (12), described pressure chamber comprises small pressure chamber (7), middle pressure chamber (13) and large pressure chamber (14), described pressure chamber comprises the LVDT displacement transducer (16), power sensor (17) and the radial deformation sensor (18) that arrange from top to bottom, and radial deformation sensor (18) is arranged on sample, described confined pressure and hole press servo loading system (20) by pressurization servomotor (21), reductor (22), ball-screw charger (23), pedestal (24), water cavity (25), loaded medium, electrical control division is grouped into, pressurization servomotor (21) connects ball-screw charger (23) by reductor (22), one end of ball-screw charger (23) is water cavity (25), ball-screw charger (23) is arranged on pedestal (24), servomotor drives ball-screw charger to increase pressure to the loaded medium in water cavity by reductor, and by electric control system controlling run.
2. the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile according to claim 1, is characterized in that described temperature control system comprises heating arrangements and refrigeration mechanism, loaded medium is heated or freeze to uniform temperature, and temperature control mode is that PID regulates.
3. the deteriorated large-scale triaxial shear test instrument of stockpile according to claim 1, is characterized in that described closed loop measurement and control system comprises hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument and pressure and deformation-sensor, is connected by cable and hyperchannel closed loop measurement and control instrument.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105181483B (en) * | 2015-10-15 | 2017-05-03 | 安徽省建筑科学研究设计院 | Compression-shear testing apparatus for rock in dry-wet cyclic process |
| CN106644729A (en) * | 2016-10-28 | 2017-05-10 | 中南大学 | Low-confining-pressure static and dynamic triaxial testing system based on MTS power source |
| CN106761730B (en) * | 2016-12-20 | 2019-08-06 | 安徽理工大学 | A kind of fast demountable clamps component and its confining pressure experimental provision |
| CN108709809A (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2018-10-26 | 中铁二院工程集团有限责任公司 | A kind of simple rock weathering, creep integration experimental rig and test method |
| CN109932249A (en) * | 2019-03-28 | 2019-06-25 | 河海大学 | Stockpile Triaxial tester |
| CN113820220A (en) * | 2021-11-22 | 2021-12-21 | 成都东华卓越科技有限公司 | Large-scale coarse-grained soil triaxial testing machine and control method thereof |
| CN115389346A (en) * | 2022-08-30 | 2022-11-25 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Closed-loop control system applied to on-site large-scale mechanical test and control method thereof |
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