Piston rod, pneumatic cylinder and quarry tipper
Technical field
The present invention relates to quarry tipper technology, particularly relate to piston rod, pneumatic cylinder and quarry tipper.
Background technique
Suspension be ensure wheel or have between vehicle bridge and automobile bearing system elasticity contact and can transmitted load, relax impact, attenuation vibration and regulate the general name of the relative assemblies such as vehicle body position in vehicle travel process.The topmost function of suspension transmits all force and moments acted between wheel and vehicle frame, and relax the impact produced when vehicle travels on uneven road surface, and the vibration of the bearing system caused thus of decaying, to ensure the stationarity that vehicle travels.
Hydro pneumatic suspension, with fluid transmission of pressure, using inert gas (being generally nitrogen) as Elastic medium, is generally made up of gas spring and the suspension cylinder with vibration damper function.Damping hole and the unidirectional valve opening of separate single air chamber oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder interior instead of common damper assembly, oil reservoir upper space is full of nitrogen, nitrogen obtains compression and expansion along with the motion of oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod, serve the effect of spring element, pneumatic cylinder like this integrates elastic component and vibration damper function, forms suspension system.Hydro pneumatic suspension meets the requirement of multiple vehicle with superior nonlinear characteristics and damping property, and their smoothness and operational stability are greatly improved.Separate single air chamber pneumatic cylinder is mainly used in heavy mining truck.
Front pneumatic cylinder generally has certain leaning angle when installing, and it is mainly subject to the active force that passed over by tire from ground and moment, stressed comparatively complicated.Front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod is the harshest stressed component in front pneumatic cylinder, current most of piston rod is welded structure, and the welding position of the piston body of rod and piston rod head is just in the end that front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod and knuckle coordinate, stress is easily concentrated, situation according to the actual use in mine is fed back, fracture is the most easily caused when vehicle is fully loaded with descending zig zag in this position, causes great mine accident.
Prior art
Existing quarry tipper front suspension cylinder piston rod major part is welded structure, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the piston rod head 3 that piston rod is comprised the piston body of rod 1 and fixed with the piston body of rod 1 bottom by weld seam 2, piston rod head 3 is welded on the piston body of rod 1, and the welding ends of piston rod head 3 adopts the mode of docking to weld with the welding ends of the piston body of rod 1; Before current major part bottom oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod for the conical surface is to the wedge angle transition of plane, and wall thickness is thinner, as shown in Figure 2, as shown in Figure 3, comprise cylinder sleeve 4 and the piston 5 be located in cylinder sleeve 4, piston 5 is connected with the piston body of rod 1 existing oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder structure, cylinder sleeve 4 top is provided with an ear 6, be provided with lining 7 between the piston body of rod 1 and cylinder sleeve 4, bottom cylinder sleeve 4, be connected with end cap 8, for sealing and the guiding of piston rod and cylinder sleeve 4.
The shortcoming of prior art
(1) the front oleo-pneumatic suspension piston rod intensity of this welded structure is difficult to meet the harsh conditions run in mine, especially when vehicle is fully loaded with descending zig zag, is in use easy to rupture in advance, does not reach fatigue life requirements.
(2) the piston body of rod 3 endoporus bottom is the conical surface, and when quarry tipper travels when comparatively jolting road surface, the impact force suffered by endoporus is large, and the hole base thickness degree shown in Fig. 1 and taper hole sidewall all thinner.And stressed maximum front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod and knuckle counterface place are owing to adopting dock welded structure, this place's equivalence wall thickness decreases.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of piston rod, pneumatic cylinder and quarry tipper, for overcoming defect of the prior art, improving the impact resistance of piston rod, extending the working life of piston rod.
The invention provides a kind of piston rod, comprise the piston body of rod and be fixed on the piston rod head bottom the described piston body of rod;
Described piston rod head comprises taper type cylindrical shell and spindle nose, and the longitudinal section of described piston rod head is Y-shaped;
Described taper type cylindrical shell bigger diameter end is near the described piston body of rod, and miner diameter end is near described spindle nose;
Described taper type cylinder inboard wall is fillet surface;
Described piston rod head and described piston rod body by integral forming.
The present invention also provides a kind of pneumatic cylinder, comprises cylinder sleeve and is located at the piston in described cylinder sleeve, described piston is connected with piston rod;
Described piston rod is above-mentioned piston rod;
The piston body of rod top of described piston rod connects described piston.
The present invention also provides a kind of quarry tipper, at least comprises car body and pneumatic cylinder, and described car body is connected with described pneumatic cylinder with trailing arm bearing by knuckle, transversal swinging arm bearing;
Described pneumatic cylinder is above-mentioned pneumatic cylinder;
Described knuckle is set on the taper type cylindrical shell of the piston rod of described pneumatic cylinder, and described knuckle is fixedly connected with described taper type cylindrical shell;
Described transversal swinging arm bearing and trailing arm bearing fixing sleeve are located on the spindle nose of the piston rod of described pneumatic cylinder;
The spindle nose bottom of the piston rod of described pneumatic cylinder is provided with bearing (ball) cover.
Piston rod provided by the invention, pneumatic cylinder and quarry tipper, change the structure of piston rod head, by the design of one-piece piston bar structure, improve the Anti-pull-press of front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod, bending-twisting and shear strength, avoid at front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod and knuckle counterface place, due to decline and the potential weld defects of the Seam and heat effected zone intensity of Split type welding structure existence, easily cause the problem of rod fracture.Meanwhile, by change piston rod inner hole structure, ensureing under overall volume and the constant prerequisite of internal capacity, the intensity of oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod and life-span before improving, thus working life of pneumatic cylinder before improving.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the sectional view of the piston rod of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the close-up schematic view of P in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the pneumatic cylinder of prior art;
The sectional view of the piston rod that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Mounting structure schematic diagram between the pneumatic cylinder that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention and car body.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 4, the piston rod that the embodiment of the present invention provides, the piston rod head 3 comprising the piston body of rod 1 and be fixed on bottom the piston body of rod 1; Piston rod head 3 comprises taper type cylindrical shell 31 and spindle nose 32, and the longitudinal section of piston rod head 3 is Y-shaped; Taper type cylindrical shell 31 bigger diameter end is near the piston body of rod 1, and miner diameter end is near spindle nose 32; Taper type cylindrical shell 31 inwall is fillet surface; Piston rod head 3 is one-body molded with the piston body of rod 1.
Piston rod provided by the invention, change the structure of piston rod head 3, by the design of one-piece piston bar structure, improve the Anti-pull-press intensity of front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod, bending and reversing strength and shear strength, avoid at front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod and knuckle counterface place, due to decline and the potential weld defects of the Seam and heat effected zone intensity of Split type welding structure existence, cause the problem of rod fracture.Meanwhile, by change piston rod inner hole structure, ensureing, under overall volume and the constant prerequisite of internal capacity, to improve intensity and the life-span of front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod, thus improve the working life of front pneumatic cylinder.Piston rod is monolithic construction, and available bar machining completes, and replaces existing Split type welding structure.
Preferred version as above-described embodiment: as shown in Figure 4, fillet surface comprises the first frustum face 31a, the second frustum face 31b and hemisphere face 31c from top to bottom; First frustum face 31a bigger diameter end and piston body of rod inwall are sequential like; First frustum face 31a miner diameter end and the second frustum face 31b bigger diameter end are sequential like; Second frustum face 31b miner diameter end and hemisphere face 31c opening end are sequential like.
The bending side suddenlyd change to plane by the conical surface bottom front pneumatic cylinder piston rod cavity is improved to by the transition of the conical surface → wide-angle conical surface → sphere.The advantage so brought is: the front conical surface of pneumatic cylinder piston rod cavity bottom and the wall thickness at bottom place are added under the prerequisite not increasing diameter of piston rod; Level and smooth surface blending make stressed bottom piston rod evenly; Improve the impact resistance of front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod, thus improve the intensity of whole front pneumatic cylinder.
Concrete scheme as above-described embodiment: taper type cylindrical shell miner diameter end end face is provided with at least two for connecting the first tapped hole 31e of knuckle.Spindle nose bottom end is provided with at least one second tapped hole 32a for connection bearing gland.The piston body of rod 1 is provided with at least one unidirectional valve opening 1c and at least one damping hole 1b.The piston body of rod 1 top end is provided with at least two for connecting the 3rd tapped hole 1a of piston.
The 3rd along the circumferential direction uniform tapped hole 1a is processed with in the piston body of rod 1 upper-end surface; The first half perisporium of the piston body of rod 1 is processed with four apertures, and wherein two is damping hole 1b, and two other is the unidirectional valve opening 1c installing unidirectional valve opening ball; Along the circumferential direction uniformly on the end face of the Lower Half conical surface of the piston body of rod 1 be processed with the second tapped hole 32a; Along the circumferential direction uniformly in the lower end surface of the piston body of rod 1 be processed with the first tapped hole 31e; The first half of piston rod is the cylindrical shell that wall thickness is equal, and middle and lower part outer surface is the conical surface, and internal surface is the transition of the conical surface → wide-angle conical surface → sphere; Underpart of the piston rod is solid cylinder.
As shown in Figure 5, the 3rd tapped hole 1a is connected with piston 5 flange-type; Male cone (strobilus masculinus) and the taper type cylinder body outer wall 31d of piston rod middle and lower part coordinate with knuckle 9, and the first tapped hole 31e is connected with knuckle 9 flange-type; Front pneumatic cylinder piston-rod lower end cylndrical surface and spindle nose 32 outer wall respectively with transversal swinging arm bearing 10 and trailing arm bearing 11 interference fit, and to be fixedly connected with bearing gland by the second tapped hole 32a of end.
As shown in Figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of pneumatic cylinder, the piston 5 comprising cylinder sleeve 4 and be located in cylinder sleeve 4, and piston 5 is connected with piston rod, and piston rod is the piston rod of above-mentioned any embodiment; Cylinder sleeve 4 welded top has an ear 6.Be provided with lining 7 between the piston body of rod 1 and cylinder sleeve 4, bottom cylinder sleeve 4, be connected with end cap 8, for sealing and the guiding of piston rod and cylinder sleeve 4.Piston 5 by wearing screw and then fixing on the piston rod in the tapped hole 1a of the piston body of rod 4 top the 3rd.
Seat ear 6 is welded into front pneumatic cylinder cylinder sleeve assembly with cylinder sleeve 4, piston 5 and the piston body of rod 1 are linked together by end flanges, lining 7 is enclosed within the piston body of rod 1 and also can axially moves between piston 5 and end cap 8, and end cap 8 is fixed on front pneumatic cylinder cylinder barrel assembly by end flanges.The entirety that the piston body of rod 1 and piston 5 are formed by connecting is inner at cylinder sleeve 4, distance between seat ear 6 and lining 7 does reciprocal axial motion.To realize the adjustment of vehicle body height, and in vehicle travel process, realize gas spring and vibration damper effect.
Pneumatic cylinder provided by the invention improves the safety coefficient of front pneumatic cylinder, thus improves the safety coefficient of car load; Avoid owing to welding the reduction of weld zone and the welding heat affected zone intensity caused and potential weld defects at front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod and knuckle counterface place; Improve the Anti-pull-press of front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod, bending-twisting and anti-shear ability; Add the wall thickness at conical surface place bottom front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod, to sphere, the conical surface seamlessly transits that to make bottom front oleo-pneumatic suspension cylinder piston rod stressed more even, improve the intensity of front pneumatic cylinder and shock-resistant ability.
As shown in Figure 5, the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of quarry tipper, at least comprise car body and pneumatic cylinder, car body is connected with pneumatic cylinder with trailing arm bearing 11 by knuckle 9, transversal swinging arm bearing 10, and pneumatic cylinder is the pneumatic cylinder of above-mentioned any embodiment; Knuckle 9 is set on the taper type cylindrical shell 3 of the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder, and knuckle 9 is fixedly connected with piston rod; In the present embodiment, knuckle 9 by wearing screw and then being fixed on taper type cylindrical shell 3 in the first tapped hole 31e; Transversal swinging arm bearing 10 and trailing arm bearing 11 fixed cover are located on the spindle nose of the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder; Transversal swinging arm bearing 10 and be interference fit between trailing arm bearing 11 and spindle nose; The spindle nose bottom of the piston rod of pneumatic cylinder is provided with bearing (ball) cover 12.Bearing (ball) cover 12, by wearing screw and then be fixed on spindle nose bottom in the second tapped hole 32a, fixes transversal swinging arm bearing 10 and trailing arm bearing 11.
Quarry tipper provided by the invention, avoids the serious consequence of the rod fracture that quarry tipper full load conditions easily cause because piston rod margin of safety is not enough when descending takes a sudden turn;
Last it is noted that above each embodiment is only in order to illustrate technological scheme of the present invention, be not intended to limit; Although with reference to foregoing embodiments to invention has been detailed description, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: it still can be modified to the technological scheme described in foregoing embodiments, or carries out equivalent replacement to wherein some or all of technical characteristics; And these amendments or replacement, do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the scope of various embodiments of the present invention technological scheme.