CN103671306A - Hydraulic power device and potential energy converting and operating methods thereof - Google Patents
Hydraulic power device and potential energy converting and operating methods thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103671306A CN103671306A CN201310588139.8A CN201310588139A CN103671306A CN 103671306 A CN103671306 A CN 103671306A CN 201310588139 A CN201310588139 A CN 201310588139A CN 103671306 A CN103671306 A CN 103671306A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a hydraulic power device and potential energy converting and operating methods thereof. The hydraulic power device is used for providing power for the lifting of oil wells. The two ends of a dual-shaft stretching electromotor of the hydraulic power device drive hydraulic motors/pumps respectively, the liquid outlets of the hydraulic motors/pumps are connected with hydraulic cylinder devices respectively, and liquid inlets of the hydraulic motors/pumps are connected together in parallel. According to the potential energy converting method of the device, the hydraulic motors/pumps at the two ends of the dual-shaft stretching electromotor are in different states simultaneously and respectively all the time, namely, a pump state or a motor state; lifting hydraulic cylinders on the two sides of the dual-shaft stretching electromotor are in different states simultaneously and respectively all the time, namely, an up stoke or a down stroke; the potential energy of loads located in the down stroke is converted into hydraulic energy to drive the hydraulic motors/pumps, and the loads and the dual-shaft stretching electromotor together drive the hydraulic motors/pumps in the pump state to drive the lifting hydraulic cylinders to increasing loads. The operating method of the device comprises the steps of mounting and adjusting the device, powering on the device, starting a liquid supply system, adjusting a control device of the dual-shaft stretching electromotor, and starting the dual-shaft stretching electromotor.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the pumping unit of petroleum production well mechanical oil recovery use and conversion method and the operating method of lifting load energy thereof, is that hydraulic power unit and potential energy thereof transform and operating method specifically, is used to oil well that power is provided.
Background technique
In the production run of oil well, adopt the oil well of artificial lift stratum liquid to be given rise to ground by the mechanical, electrical power on ground.Existing artificial lift method has pumping unit rod pump, electric submersible pump, screw pump, gaslift etc., and wherein pumping unit rod pump is comparatively economical and a kind of most widely used method.
Main Pumping Unit type has beam pumping unit and tower shelf type oil pumping machine at present.
In recent years, started exploration, the test of hydraulic pumping unit both at home and abroad, and compared with mechanical transmission pumping unit, hydraulic transmission has advantages of that parameter is easy to adjust, it is high automatically to control degree.
Chinese patent, number of patent application 2013202894086, May 24 2013 applying date, patent name " a kind of hydraulic oil pumping device " has been applied for a kind of hydraulic oil pumping device, this device comprises reciprocating oil cylinder, accumulator, described reciprocating oil cylinder comprises elevating ram and is arranged on the lift ram of elevating ram inside and reciprocatory motion, described lift ram lower end connects oil pumping polish rod, and oil pumping polish rod connecting downhole roofbolt load, described elevating ram is connected with accumulator by hydraulic oil pipe, on described hydraulic oil pipe, be provided with two-way hydraulic motor or bidirectional hydraulic pump.Described accumulator comprises accumulation of energy oil cylinder, accumulation of energy gas bag, and described accumulation of energy oil cylinder inside arranges accumulation of energy plunger, and accumulation of energy plunger handle accumulation of energy oil cylinder is divided into accumulation of energy cylinder upper cavity oil chamber and accumulation of energy oil cylinder lower chambers, and described accumulation of energy gas bag is connected with accumulation of energy cylinder upper cavity oil chamber.
Specification and claims analysis from above-mentioned hydraulic oil pumping device, what this invention was used is a kind of bidirectional hydraulic pump in fact, when sucker rod is up, oil hydraulic pump enters elevating ram the oil pump in accumulator, when sucker rod is descending, oil hydraulic pump pumps into accumulator again the oil in elevating ram.From its principle, when sucker rod starts when up, the initial load of sucker rod is minimum, but now the pressure in accumulator is the highest, and maximum to the driving force of oil hydraulic pump, the output power of motor is minimum; When sucker rod is up and reach after full and down, the pressure in accumulator reduces gradually, and the driving force of oil hydraulic pump is also reduced gradually, and the output power of motor increases gradually, and when sucker rod rises to upper dead center, it is maximum that the output power of motor reaches.Therefore the motor in this device needs relatively high power, and system effectiveness also has much room for improvement.
Chinese patent, application number 201120342359.9, applying date 2011.08.24, model utility title " hydraulic pumping unit ", the technological scheme of this patent is motor one end Flywheel, the other end drives bidirectional hydraulic plunger pump, and bidirectional hydraulic plunger pump is connected with lifting fluid cylinder, and lifting fluid cylinder is connected with sucker rod.Under the control of control gear, bidirectional hydraulic plunger pump is realized Positive-Negative Action and then is driven lifting fluid cylinder to move up and down.The descending potential energy of sucker rod stores with the rotation of flywheel.This covering device has better solved the adjusting of the upper and lower travel speed of sucker rod and has prevented from solving the stuck problem of sucker rod, but be subject to the restriction of motor speed, the energy storage of its flywheel is limited, accumulation of energy transformation efficiency is low, the descending potential energy of sucker rod all can not be stored, therefore also to exist motor installed power larger for this device, the problem that system effectiveness has much room for improvement.
U. S. Patent, on August 14 2008 applying date, application number 12/192,022, authorizes document number US8087904B2, authorization date on January 3rd, 2012, patent name: liquid-electricity mixing pumping unit with down stroke energy recovery function.This device comprises motor, fuel tank, change displacement plunger pump, rod string, oil hydraulic cylinder and controller.Become displacement plunger pump and both can drive oil hydraulic cylinder to carry out lifting underground sucker rod post from fuel tank oil suction, rotation under also driving in the high pressure liquid force feed of oil hydraulic cylinder, makes motor in generating state.The potential energy that this invention has solved in the descending process of sucker rod well reclaims problem.But in the up process of sucker rod, motor not only will promote the weight of sucker rod, also wants the production fluid under winding shaft, so the installed power of motor is still very large, and this is also uneconomical.
Summary of the invention
In order to utilize more fully the descending potential energy of sucker rod, reduce the installed power of motor, improve system effectiveness, the invention provides that a kind of system effectiveness is higher, the hydraulic power unit of balancing the load better effects if.
Technological scheme of the present invention is:
Hydraulic power unit, comprise Double shaft-extension motor, hydraulic motor/pump and lifting fluid cylinder, described Double shaft-extension motor two ends directly or indirectly drive hydraulic motor/pump separately, and the liquid outlet of described hydraulic motor/pump is connecting fluid cylinder assembly separately, and the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump is connected in parallel; The hydraulic motor/pump at described Double shaft-extension motor two ends is always in different states: one end is motor state, and the other end is pump state.
Preferred embodiment:
Hydraulic power unit, comprise Double shaft-extension motor, hydraulic motor/pump and lifting fluid cylinder, described Double shaft-extension motor two ends connect a hydraulic motor/pump separately, and the liquid outlet of described hydraulic motor/pump connects lifting fluid cylinder separately, and the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps is connected in parallel.
The liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump is connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump, relief valve, cooler and the fuel tank connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump entrance connects fuel tank, oil hydraulic pump outlet connects relief valve entrance, connects the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps between oil hydraulic pump outlet and relief valve entrance; Cooler is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
Lifting fluid cylinder also can connect accumulator.
On the oil pipe line that connects accumulator, can also be connected in series pressure control device, described pressure control device comprises one-way valve and reduction valve, the outlet of one-way valve and the entrance of reduction valve are in parallel, the entrance of one-way valve and the outlet of reduction valve are in parallel, wherein the outlet of one-way valve and the entrance of the reduction valve accumulator entrance that is jointly connected in parallel.
The quantity of lifting fluid cylinder is to install or asymmetric installation about Double shaft-extension motor is symmetrical, and the quantity of the lifting fluid cylinder on each limit is more than 1.
Preferred embodiment:
Hydraulic power unit, comprise Double shaft-extension motor, described Double shaft-extension motor two ends connect a hydraulic motor/pump separately, wherein the liquid outlet of a described hydraulic motor/pump connects lifting fluid cylinder, the liquid outlet of another described hydraulic motor/pump connects accumulator, the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps is connected in parallel, and the quantity of lifting fluid cylinder is more than 1; The liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps is connected in parallel and also can be connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump, relief valve, cooler and the fuel tank connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump entrance connects fuel tank, oil hydraulic pump outlet connects relief valve entrance, connects the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps between oil hydraulic pump outlet and relief valve entrance; Cooler is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
Preferred embodiment:
Hydraulic power unit, comprises Double shaft-extension motor, and described Double shaft-extension motor two ends connect separately a multiaxis and stretch gearbox, and the output shaft that multiaxis is stretched gearbox connects separately: or a hydraulic motor/pump, or unloaded; The liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump is connected in parallel, and the liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump connects separately: or a lifting fluid cylinder, or an accumulator.The liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump is connected in parallel and also can be connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump, relief valve, cooler and the fuel tank connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump entrance connects fuel tank, oil hydraulic pump outlet connects relief valve entrance, connects the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump between oil hydraulic pump outlet and relief valve entrance; Cooler is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
On the oil pipe line that connects accumulator, can also be connected in series pressure control device, described pressure control device comprises one-way valve and reduction valve, the outlet of one-way valve and the entrance of reduction valve are in parallel, the entrance of one-way valve and the outlet of reduction valve are in parallel, wherein the outlet of one-way valve and the entrance of the reduction valve accumulator entrance that is jointly connected in parallel.
Preferred embodiment:
Hydraulic power unit, comprise Double shaft-extension motor, it is characterized in that, described Double shaft-extension motor two ends connect separately two above multiaxises that are installed in series and stretch gearbox, the output shaft that multiaxis is stretched gearbox connects separately: or a hydraulic motor/pump, or unloaded; The liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump is connected in parallel, and the liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump connects separately: or a lifting fluid cylinder, or an accumulator.The liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump is connected in parallel and also can be connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump, relief valve, cooler and the fuel tank connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump entrance connects fuel tank, oil hydraulic pump outlet connects relief valve entrance, connects the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump between oil hydraulic pump outlet and relief valve entrance; Cooler is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
On the oil pipe line that connects accumulator, can also be connected in series pressure control device, described pressure control device comprises one-way valve and reduction valve, the outlet of one-way valve and the entrance of reduction valve are in parallel, the entrance of one-way valve and the outlet of reduction valve are in parallel, wherein the outlet of one-way valve and the entrance of the reduction valve accumulator entrance that is jointly connected in parallel.
The potential energy method for transformation of hydraulic power unit of the present invention, is used a Double shaft-extension motor, each self-driven hydraulic motor/pump of Double shaft-extension motor two ends, and described hydraulic motor/pump drives lifting fluid cylinder, and lifting fluid cylinder is connected with load; Double shaft-extension motor is clockwise and anticlockwise automatically under the control of control gear, and the hydraulic motor/pump at Double shaft-extension motor two ends is always simultaneously respectively in different states: or pump state or motor state; The lifting fluid cylinder of Double shaft-extension motor both sides is always simultaneously respectively in different states: or up stroke state or down stroke state; The potential energy of the load that the lifting fluid cylinder in down stroke state connects it is converted into hydraulic energy and drives the hydraulic motor/pump in motor state, hydraulic motor/pump in motor state drives the hydraulic motor/pump in pump state to drive lifting fluid cylinder lifting load together with Double shaft-extension motor, and the potential energy of descending like this load is just converted into the potential energy of up load.
The operating method of hydraulic power unit of the present invention, its step comprises:
1. hydraulic power unit is installed;
2. each lifting fluid cylinder is connected with load respectively, and makes the piston of lifting fluid cylinder of Double shaft-extension motor one side in upper dead center, and the piston of the lifting fluid cylinder of opposite side is in lower dead centre;
3. switch on power;
4. start the oil hydraulic pump (this step is only applicable to the hydraulic power unit of liquid-supplying system) of liquid-supplying system;
5. adjust the control gear of Double shaft-extension motor, the starting sense of rotation of Double shaft-extension motor is met: the hydraulic motor/pump being connected with the lifting fluid cylinder of piston in upper dead center is in motor state;
6. start Double shaft-extension motor.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows, owing to having adopted double extension shaft motor, in double extension shaft motor bilateral symmetry, hydraulic motor/pump and lifting fluid cylinder system have been installed, realized lifting liquid cylinder piston and moved up and down and synchronize and carry out with downhole pump up-down stroke; In running, the descending potential energy of a side load (as sucker rod) becomes the up power of opposite side load (as sucker rod), and this design makes the stressed more even of motor, has reduced motor installed power, has improved system works efficiency.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Before the present invention has been described simply, next with reference to the drawing of describing following specific embodiment of the present invention, further, at length narrate the present invention.These drawings have only been described some typical embodiments of this invention, therefore can not think to limit the scope of the invention.In these drawings:
Fig. 1 is hydraulic power unit basic comprising schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the hydraulic power unit basic comprising schematic diagram that contains liquid-supplying system.
Fig. 3 is the hydraulic power unit basic comprising schematic diagram that contains liquid-supplying system and accumulator.
Fig. 4 is many lifting fluid cylinder schematic diagram of hydraulic power unit balanced configuration.
Fig. 5 is hydraulic power unit symmetrical arrangements lifting fluid cylinder schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is the accumulator that is connected to one-way valve and relief valve.
Fig. 7 is hydraulic power unit one-sided configuration lifting fluid cylinder schematic diagram.
Fig. 8 is that Double shaft-extension motor is stretched gearbox driving hydraulic motor/pump schematic diagram by multiaxis.
Fig. 9 replaces the schematic diagram of a lifting fluid cylinder with an accumulator in Fig. 8 device.
Figure 10 is that the output shaft that in Fig. 8 device, multiaxis is stretched gearbox is unloaded situation schematic diagram.
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram that has the hydraulic power unit that many gearboxes are installed in series.
Figure 12 is that hydraulic oil cylinder device is connected in series schematic diagram.
In accompanying drawing, in order to distinguish two identical devices of explanation, use a, b to represent, as 3a, 3b refer to hydraulic motor/pump 3.
Embodiment
First explain two table apparatus:
1. Double shaft-extension motor: there is output shaft at the two ends that refer to motor simultaneously, are called Double shaft-extension motor in present specification.
2. hydraulic motor/pump:
According to < < mechanical design handbook, the 4th volume > >, Wen Bangchun chief editor, China Machine Press, the 5th edition second impression April in 2010,22-80 page, oil hydraulic pump comprises plunger pump, screw pump, gear pump, vane pump, 22-177 page, oil hydraulic motor comprises: piston motor, screw motor, gear motor and sliding-vane motor etc.Usually, this class hydraulic pressure installation is alone, or as oil hydraulic pump, or as oil hydraulic motor.From Der Grundsatz der Maschinen and the structure of this class hydraulic pressure installation, can find out, this class hydraulic machinery both can be used as oil hydraulic pump and also can be used as oil hydraulic motor and use, in the present invention, exactly using this hydraulic pressure installation as the hydraulic machinery with motor and two kinds of functions of pump, such as plunger type, screw type, gear type, blade type etc., when it is in pump state, will after the low-pressure hydraulic oil pressurization of suction, pump; When it is in motor state, high pressure liquid force feed drives its axle to rotate, thereby drives other machinery.In the present invention, indication hydraulic motor/pump comprises fixed displacement and becomes discharge capacity two classes, in accompanying drawing, only to become displacement hydraulic motor/pump, represents.This class both can be used as oil hydraulic pump and also can be used as the hydro-mechanical unit existing market that oil hydraulic motor uses and just have product, and the A2F series pump/motor that for example ShanghaiElectrical Appliance Hydraulic air-powered Co., Ltd. Hydraulic Pump Factory produces is the A6VG oblique-axis axial piston variable motro that clino-axis type quantitative plunger pump/motor, Beijing China moral great achievement hydraulics Co., Ltd produce.
In present specification about " liquid entering hole " of hydraulic motor/pump and the description of " liquid outlet " explanation: the hydraulic pipe line connection mouth of hydraulic motor/pump has two, when it is during in pump state, a connection mouth feed liquor, another connection mouth fluid; When it is during in motor state, liquid entering hole during said pump state becomes liquid outlet, and liquid outlet during said pump state becomes liquid entering hole.In order to narrate conveniently, in present specification, the connection mouth of hydraulic motor/pump and liquid-supplying system is described as to " liquid entering hole ", being described as " liquid outlet " with the connection mouth of lifting fluid cylinder or accumulator.
Referring to Fig. 1 hydraulic power unit basic comprising schematic diagram.Hydraulic power unit, Double shaft-extension motor 1 two ends connect a hydraulic motor/pump 3 separately, and the liquid entering hole that the liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump 3 connects 5, two hydraulic motor/pumps 3 of lifting fluid cylinder is separately connected in parallel.
Double shaft-extension motor 1 connects hydraulic motor/pump 3 by coupling 2, and in fact the connection between each transmission shaft of machinery and hydraulic transmission generally all connects by coupling, in the narration below of this Placement, no longer repeats.Hydraulic system Ye road connects by oil pipe, as the liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump 3 connects lifting fluid cylinder 5 by oil pipe 15, some valves are also installed as required on the connecting pipeline of hydraulic system as valve 16, in the narration below of this Placement, are also no longer repeated.Lifting fluid cylinder 5 is arranged on and on oil well, is used for promoting sucker rod, lifting fluid cylinder 5 comprises fluid cylinder cover 10 and piston 11, piston 11 is divided into upper and lower two hydraulic pressure cavity fluid cylinder, for lifting sucker rod, yes is connected with the following hydraulic pressure cavity of lifting fluid cylinder 5 for hydraulic motor/pump 3, in the narration below this Placement, also no longer repeats.
When Double shaft-extension motor 1 both sides configure holohedral symmetry time, said system just can have been moved.But in order to solve the supplementary question of hydraulic oil loss in running and the cooling problem of system liquid force feed, designed liquid-supplying system, the hydraulic power unit basic comprising schematic diagram that contains liquid-supplying system referring to Fig. 2.Double shaft-extension motor 1 two ends connect a hydraulic motor/pump 3 separately, and the liquid entering hole that the liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump 3 connects 5, two hydraulic motor/pumps 3 of lifting fluid cylinder is separately connected in parallel.The liquid entering hole of described hydraulic motor/pump 3 is connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump 17, relief valve 19, cooler 20 and fuel tank 18, oil hydraulic pump 17 entrances connect fuel tank 18, oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets connect relief valve 19 entrances, connect the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump 3 between oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets and relief valve 19 entrances.For the heat dissipation problem in resolution system running, between relief valve 19 outlets and oil hydraulic pump 17 entrances, connect cooler 20, cooler 20 can be arranged between relief valve 19 entrances and oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets certainly, that is to say, cooler 20 is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop, in the narration below this mounting type, no longer repeats.
If be filled with hydraulic oil in the initial installation of system, its heat dissipation problem has also solved in other pipeline, and above-mentioned liquid-supplying system can not installed yet.That is to say, in each following embodiment, liquid-supplying system can be installed, and also can not install.But each following embodiment describes so that liquid-supplying system to be installed.
The hydraulic power unit basic comprising schematic diagram that contains liquid-supplying system and accumulator referring to Fig. 3.Double shaft-extension motor 1 two ends connect a hydraulic motor/pump 3 separately, and the liquid entering hole that the liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump 3 connects 5, two hydraulic motor/pumps 3 of lifting fluid cylinder is separately connected in parallel.The liquid entering hole of described hydraulic motor/pump 3 is connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump 17, relief valve 19, cooler 20 and fuel tank 18, oil hydraulic pump 17 entrances connect fuel tank 18, oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets connect relief valve 19 entrances, the liquid entering hole that connects hydraulic motor/pump 3 between oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets and relief valve 19 entrances, cooler 20 is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.In actual moving process, lifting fluid cylinder 5 is arranged on oil well, the sucker rod load that each lifting fluid cylinder 5 is born sometimes can be not identical, for the be in operation imbalance problem of load of Double shaft-extension motor 1 both sides of solving device, in the less side of load, for example in Fig. 3, left side lifting fluid cylinder 5a connects accumulator 4.
Referring to many lifting fluid cylinder schematic diagram of Fig. 4 hydraulic power unit balanced configuration.On the device basic shown in Fig. 3, for reducing number of devices and investment, with the more well recoveries of few device drives, many lifting fluid cylinders of the balanced configuration shown in Fig. 4 have been designed.The quantity of lifting fluid cylinder 5 is to install about Double shaft-extension motor 1 is symmetrical, and the quantity of the lifting fluid cylinder 5 on each limit is more than 1.Except the difference of the quantity of lifting fluid cylinder 5, other formation is identical with the device shown in Fig. 3.When the loading imbalance of Double shaft-extension motor 1 both sides, a side less in load connects accumulator 4.
Usually, as shown in Figure 4, between each lifting fluid cylinder 5 of Double shaft-extension motor 1 one sides, if there is accumulator also to comprise accumulator 4, be the installation that is connected in parallel.Certainly, if desired, between each lifting fluid cylinder 5, if there is accumulator also to comprise accumulator 4, also can be to be connected in series installation, as shown in figure 12, namely the lower hydraulic pressure chamber of lifting fluid cylinder 5 be designed to two oil pipe connection mouths, hydraulic motor/pump 3 connects a lifting fluid cylinder 5, between each lifting fluid cylinder 5, is mutually serially connected by oil pipe connection mouth again.Placement between each lifting fluid cylinder (if having accumulator also to comprise accumulator) no longer repeats in the narration of back.
As shown in Figure 3, lifting fluid cylinder 5 comprises fluid cylinder cover 10 and piston 11, and piston 11 is divided into upper and lower two chambeies fluid cylinder cover 10; Accumulator also comprises cylinder sleeve 31 and separator piston 32, and separator piston 32 is divided into upper and lower two chambeies cylinder sleeve 31; Therefore, lifting fluid cylinder and accumulator can be referred to as to hydraulic oil cylinder device, that is to say, in present specification, described hydraulic oil cylinder device can be lifting fluid cylinder, can be also accumulator, can be also that lifting fluid cylinder connects accumulator.
Referring to Fig. 5 hydraulic power unit symmetrical arrangements lifting fluid cylinder schematic diagram.The oil well quantity in a well site is odd number sometimes, can not meet the installation requirement of many lifting fluid cylinders of the balanced configuration shown in Fig. 4, in order to address this problem, has designed many lifting fluid cylinders of the symmetrical arrangements shown in Fig. 5.Due to the loading imbalance about double extension shaft motor both sides, accumulator is arranged on the side that load is less.Except the quantity of lifting fluid cylinder is asymmetric and must install accumulator in the less side of load, other formation is identical with the device shown in Fig. 4.In fact, in the device shown in Fig. 4, when wherein a bite well or several mouthfuls of wells break down while stopping producing, just occurred the asymmetric problem of quantity of lifting fluid cylinder, Fig. 4 shown device is at this moment just identical with Fig. 5 shown device.
Hydraulic coupling in lifting fluid cylinder depends on the down-hole load that fluid cylinder connects, and when lifting fluid cylinder enters up stroke, the sucker rod load that lifting fluid cylinder connects mainly comprises sucker rod deadweight and the suffered hydraulic coupling of oil pump plunger piston; When lifting fluid cylinder enters down stroke, the sucker rod load that lifting fluid cylinder connects is mainly sucker rod deadweight.In Fig. 3, Fig. 4 and Fig. 5, the lifting fluid cylinder in left side is directly connected with accumulator, like this left side lifting fluid cylinder during in up stroke the pressure in accumulator high, and left side lifting fluid cylinder during in down stroke the pressure in accumulator low, just there are two problems in this, the one, at left side lifting fluid cylinder, from up stroke, transfer down stroke to initial, because the pressure in accumulator is higher than pressure that in lifting fluid cylinder, rod weight produces, the initial sucker rod load of down stroke just can not be descending, can extend like this time of down stroke; The 2nd, it is initial that the lifting fluid cylinder on right side enters up stroke, sucker rod load becomes deadweight from deadweight and adds the hydraulic coupling that oil pump plunger piston is suffered, load significantly increases, because sucker rod is longer, its elastic elongation amount is just longer, so its load increase has a process, initial minimum, then be increased to gradually maximum value, if the pressure in the accumulator in left side discharges from maximum pressure, this is unfavorable to reducing the installed power of motor.In order to address this problem, designed the accumulator that is connected to pressure control device, referring to Fig. 6, on the oil pipe line that connects accumulator, be connected in series pressure control device, described pressure control device comprises one-way valve 61 and reduction valve 62, the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve 61 and reduction valve 62 is in parallel, and the outlet of the entrance of one-way valve 61 and reduction valve 62 is in parallel, wherein the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve 61 and reduction valve 62 accumulator 4 entrances that are jointly connected in parallel.On accumulator connecting pipeline, installed after pressure control device, by reduction valve, reduce pressure, pressure while making the interior down stroke of the head pressure of accumulator and the lifting fluid cylinder of homonymy approaches, just can not hinder the initial downlink of sucker rod, also reduced the initial head pressure of accumulator simultaneously, extend the working application time of accumulator, be conducive to reduce the installed power of motor.
Referring to Fig. 7 hydraulic power unit one-sided configuration lifting fluid cylinder schematic diagram.Double shaft-extension motor 1 two ends of hydraulic power unit connect a hydraulic motor/pump 3 separately, wherein the liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump 3a connects one or more lifting fluid cylinder 5, the liquid entering hole that the liquid outlet of another hydraulic motor/pump 3b connects 4, two hydraulic motor/pumps of accumulator is connected in parallel.With aforementioned same reason, the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps is connected in parallel and can also be connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump 17, relief valve 19, cooler 20 and the fuel tank 18 connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump 17 entrances connect fuel tank 18, oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets connect relief valve 19 entrances, connect the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps between oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets and relief valve 19 entrances; Cooler 20 is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.On the oil pipe line that connects accumulator, can also be connected in series the pressure control device shown in Fig. 6.
Referring to Fig. 8 Double shaft-extension motor, by multiaxis, stretch gearbox and drive hydraulic motor/pump schematic diagram.Double shaft-extension motor 1 two ends of hydraulic power unit connect separately a multiaxis and stretch gearbox 81, and it can be three shaft extension gearboxes or four shaft extension gearboxes that multiaxis is stretched gearbox 81, and the output shaft that multiaxis is stretched gearbox 81 connects a hydraulic motor/pump 3 separately; The liquid entering hole of each hydraulic motor/pump 3 is connected in parallel; The liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump 3 connects a lifting fluid cylinder 5 separately.With aforementioned same reason, the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps is connected in parallel and can also be connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump 17, relief valve 19, cooler 20 and the fuel tank 18 connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump 17 entrances connect fuel tank 18, oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets connect relief valve 19 entrances, connect the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump between oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets and relief valve 19 entrances; Cooler 20 is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
Referring to Fig. 9, Fig. 9 replaces the schematic diagram of a lifting fluid cylinder with an accumulator in Fig. 8 device.When well site, oil well quantity is odd number, or the oil well failure that a lifting fluid cylinder in Fig. 8 is installed stops production, or during the loading imbalance of Double shaft-extension motor both sides, a lifting fluid cylinder in Fig. 8 is replaced with to accumulator 4, make the load of the Double shaft-extension motor both sides balance of trying one's best.Certainly, on the oil pipe line that connects accumulator, can also be connected in series the pressure control device shown in Fig. 6.
Referring to Figure 10, Figure 10 is that the output shaft that in Fig. 8 device, multiaxis is stretched gearbox is unloaded situation schematic diagram.When well site, oil well quantity is odd number, and the lifting fluid cylinder quantity of Fig. 8 shown device Double shaft-extension motor both sides can asymmetric installation, if when now the load of Double shaft-extension motor both sides is in a basic balance, one or two output shaft of a gearbox can be zero load.
The schematic diagram that has the hydraulic power unit that many gearboxes are installed in series referring to Figure 11.Double shaft-extension motor 1 two ends of hydraulic power unit connect separately two above multiaxises that are installed in series and stretch gearbox 81, it can be three shaft extension gearboxes or four shaft extension gearboxes that multiaxis is stretched gearbox, to stretch gearbox 81 are four shaft extension gearboxes to multiaxis as shown in FIG., multiaxis is stretched the output shaft of gearbox 81a and input shaft that multiaxis is stretched gearbox 81b is connected, and this connecting mode is called hereof multiaxis and stretches being installed in series of gearbox; According to the quantity of well site oil well and load condition, the output shaft that multiaxis is stretched gearbox 81 connects separately: or a hydraulic motor/pump 3, or unloaded; The liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump 3 is connected in parallel; The liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump 3 connects separately: or a lifting fluid cylinder 5, or an accumulator 4.With aforementioned same reason, the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump 3 is connected in parallel and can also be connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump 17, relief valve 19, cooler 20 and the fuel tank 18 connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump 17 entrances connect fuel tank 18, oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets connect relief valve 19 entrances, connect the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump 3 between oil hydraulic pump 17 outlets and relief valve 19 entrances; Cooler 20 is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.On the oil pipe line that connects accumulator, can also be connected in series the pressure control device shown in Fig. 6.
The working principle of hydraulic power unit is:
Referring to Fig. 3, lifting fluid cylinder 5 is arranged on well head, and lifting fluid cylinder 5 is a kind of single-acting fluid cylinders, and the piston 11 of lifting fluid cylinder 5 is connected with sucker rod.Do again a supposition: during hydraulic motor/pump 3 forward, being pump state, is motor state during reversion.
From usability, Double shaft-extension motor 1 adopts switching magnetic-resistance Double shaft-extension reversing motor better.Double shaft-extension motor 1 use control gear is controlled, and when lifting fluid cylinder 5 arrives upper dead center or lower dead centre, control gear is controlled Double shaft-extension motor 1 and carried out clockwise and anticlockwise commutation.Clear in order to illustrate, control gear is attached not shown in FIG. this specification, and the Double shaft-extension motor described in this specification has comprised its control gear.
The piston of lifting fluid cylinder 5a of take starts upstroke as example, while normally producing, and Double shaft-extension motor 1 forward, drive hydraulic motor/pump 3a forward, hydraulic motor/pump 3a is pump state, and it sucks oil from pipeline and supercharging pumps in lifting fluid cylinder 5a, promotes the piston stroking upward of lifting fluid cylinder 5a; Simultaneously, hydraulic motor/pump 3b reversion, hydraulic motor/pump 3b is now motor state, it is descending that the piston of lifting fluid cylinder 5b is pulled by sucker rod, the potential energy of sucker rod down stroke is converted into the pressure energy of hydraulic oil in lifting fluid cylinder 5b, high pressure liquid force feed drives hydraulic motor/pump 3b reversion output shaft power, and hydraulic motor/pump 3b drives hydraulic motor/pump 3a together with Double shaft-extension motor 1 like this, and the descending potential energy of right side well rod just transforms the energy for left side oil well oil-pumping.Narration is above to carry out from the angle of transformation of energy, retells flowing of hydraulic oil in oil circuit below.In lifting fluid cylinder 5b, hydraulic oil drives after hydraulic motor/pump 3b, from high pressure, becomes low pressure, flows to the entrance of hydraulic motor/pump 3a along oil circuit, after hydraulic motor/pump 3a pressurization, pumps into lifting fluid cylinder 5a.
When lifting fluid cylinder 5a arrives upper dead center, Double shaft-extension motor 1 becomes reversion, now, the piston of lifting fluid cylinder 5a becomes descending, and the piston of lifting fluid cylinder 5b becomes up, hydraulic motor/pump 3a becomes motor state from pump state, and hydraulic motor/pump 3b becomes pump state from motor state, and the mobile and previous state of transformation of energy mode, hydraulic oil completely conversely.
When the loading imbalance of Double shaft-extension motor both sides, accumulator need to be installed, such as the lifting merit when left side oil well is compared with right side hour, unnecessary energy is just stored in accumulator 4.
The effect of liquid-supplying system is: 1, the hydraulic oil loss of replenishment system; 2, in half-closed loop, with cold oil, replace the cooling that a part of deep fat is realized hydraulic oil.
In above-mentioned explanation, hydraulic power unit is used as pumping unit.When many covers hudraulic lift device being installed in a building, hydraulic power unit of the present invention also can be used for driving many cover hudraulic lift devices.Similarly, hydraulic power unit of the present invention can be used in such occasion or device: two above devices pump, and the descending potential energy of above device can and need to be converted into the up energy of another above device.Based on above-mentioned explanation, pump the above method of device of two of a kind of drivings, drives with above-mentioned hydraulic power unit the device that pumps.
Based on above-mentioned explanation, hydraulic power unit of the present invention provides a kind of potential energy method for transformation: use a Double shaft-extension motor, each self-driven hydraulic motor/pump of Double shaft-extension motor two ends, described hydraulic motor/pump drives lifting fluid cylinder, and lifting fluid cylinder is connected with load; Double shaft-extension motor is clockwise and anticlockwise automatically under the control of control gear, and the hydraulic motor/pump at Double shaft-extension motor two ends is always simultaneously respectively in different states: or pump state or motor state; The lifting fluid cylinder of Double shaft-extension motor both sides is always simultaneously respectively in different states: or up stroke state or down stroke state; The potential energy of the load that the lifting fluid cylinder in down stroke state connects it is converted into hydraulic energy and drives the hydraulic motor/pump in motor state, hydraulic motor/pump in motor state drives the hydraulic motor/pump in pump state to drive lifting fluid cylinder lifting load together with Double shaft-extension motor, and the potential energy of descending like this load is just converted into the potential energy of up load.
Based on above-mentioned explanation, the operating method of hydraulic power unit of the present invention, its step comprises:
1. hydraulic power unit is installed;
2. each lifting fluid cylinder is connected with load respectively, and makes the piston of lifting fluid cylinder of Double shaft-extension motor one side in upper dead center, and the piston of the lifting fluid cylinder of opposite side is in lower dead centre;
3. switch on power;
4. start the oil hydraulic pump (this step is only applicable to the hydraulic power unit of liquid-supplying system) of liquid-supplying system;
5. adjust the control gear of Double shaft-extension motor, the starting sense of rotation of Double shaft-extension motor is met: the hydraulic motor/pump being connected with the lifting fluid cylinder of piston in upper dead center is in motor state;
6. start Double shaft-extension motor.
Embodiment as herein described is only exemplary embodiments, but is not limited only to these embodiments, and those skilled in the art can make modification under not departing from spirit of the present invention and enlightening.May there is a lot of changes, combination and modification in scheme disclosed herein; and all within the scope of the invention, therefore, protection domain is not limited only to explanation above; but define according to claim, protection domain comprises all equivalents of the target of claim.
Claims (18)
1. hydraulic power unit, comprise Double shaft-extension motor (1), hydraulic motor/pump (3) and lifting fluid cylinder (5), it is characterized in that, described Double shaft-extension motor (1) two ends directly or indirectly drive hydraulic motor/pump (3) separately, the liquid outlet of described hydraulic motor/pump (3) is connecting fluid cylinder assembly separately, and the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump (3) is connected in parallel; The hydraulic motor/pump (3) at described Double shaft-extension motor (1) two ends is always in different states: one end is motor state, and the other end is pump state.
2. hydraulic power unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Double shaft-extension motor (1) two ends connect a hydraulic motor/pump (3) separately, the liquid outlet of described hydraulic motor/pump (3) connects lifting fluid cylinder (5) separately, and the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps (3) is connected in parallel.
3. hydraulic power unit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump (3) is connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump (17), relief valve (19), cooler (20) and the fuel tank (18) connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump (17) entrance connects fuel tank (18), oil hydraulic pump (17) outlet connects relief valve (19) entrance, connects the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps (3) between oil hydraulic pump (17) outlet and relief valve (19) entrance; Cooler (20) is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
4. according to the hydraulic power unit described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that, lifting fluid cylinder (5) connects accumulator (4).
5. hydraulic power unit according to claim 4, it is characterized in that, on the oil pipe line that connects accumulator (4), be connected in series pressure control device, described pressure control device comprises one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62), the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) is in parallel, the outlet of the entrance of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) is in parallel, wherein the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) accumulator (4) entrance that is jointly connected in parallel.
6. according to the hydraulic power unit described in claim 2 or 3 or 5, it is characterized in that, the quantity of lifting fluid cylinder (5) is to install or asymmetric installation about Double shaft-extension motor (1) is symmetrical, and the quantity of the lifting fluid cylinder (5) on each limit is more than 1.
7. hydraulic power unit according to claim 4, is characterized in that, the quantity of lifting fluid cylinder (5) is to install or asymmetric installation about Double shaft-extension motor (1) is symmetrical, and the quantity of the lifting fluid cylinder (5) on each limit is more than 1.
8. hydraulic power unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Double shaft-extension motor (1) two ends connect a hydraulic motor/pump (3) separately, wherein the liquid outlet of a described hydraulic motor/pump (3) connects lifting fluid cylinder (5), the liquid outlet of another described hydraulic motor/pump (3) connects accumulator (4), the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps (3) is connected in parallel, and the quantity of lifting fluid cylinder (5) is more than 1.
9. hydraulic power unit according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps (3) is connected in parallel and is connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump (17), relief valve (19), cooler (20) and the fuel tank (18) connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump (17) entrance connects fuel tank (18), oil hydraulic pump (17) outlet connects relief valve (19) entrance, connects the liquid entering hole of two hydraulic motor/pumps (3) between oil hydraulic pump (17) outlet and relief valve (19) entrance; Cooler (20) is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
10. hydraulic power unit according to claim 8 or claim 9, it is characterized in that, on the oil pipe line that connects accumulator (4), be connected in series pressure control device, described pressure control device comprises one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62), the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) is in parallel, the outlet of the entrance of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) is in parallel, wherein the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) accumulator (4) entrance that is jointly connected in parallel.
11. hydraulic power units according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Double shaft-extension motor (1) two ends connect separately a multiaxis and stretch gearbox (81), and the output shaft that multiaxis is stretched gearbox (81) connects separately: or a hydraulic motor/pump (3), or unloaded; The liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump (3) is connected in parallel; The liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump (3) connects separately: or a lifting fluid cylinder (5), or an accumulator (4).
12. hydraulic power units according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump (3) is connected in parallel and is connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump (17), relief valve (19), cooler (20) and the fuel tank (18) connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump (17) entrance connects fuel tank (18), oil hydraulic pump (17) outlet connects relief valve (19) entrance, connects the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump (3) between oil hydraulic pump (17) outlet relief valve (19) entrance; Cooler (20) is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
13. according to the hydraulic power unit described in claim 11 or 12, it is characterized in that, on the oil pipe line that connects accumulator (4), be connected in series pressure control device, described pressure control device comprises one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62), the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) is in parallel, the outlet of the entrance of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) is in parallel, wherein the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) accumulator (4) entrance that is jointly connected in parallel.
14. hydraulic power units according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described Double shaft-extension motor (1) two ends connect separately two above multiaxises that are installed in series and stretch gearbox (81), the output shaft that multiaxis is stretched gearbox (81) connects separately: or a hydraulic motor/pump (3), or unloaded; The liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump (3) is connected in parallel; The liquid outlet of hydraulic motor/pump (3) connects separately: or a lifting fluid cylinder (5), or an accumulator (4).
15. hydraulic power units according to claim 14, it is characterized in that, the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump (3) is connected in parallel and is connected with liquid-supplying system, described liquid-supplying system comprises oil hydraulic pump (17), relief valve (19), cooler (20) and the fuel tank (18) connecting with oil pipe, oil hydraulic pump (17) entrance connects fuel tank (18), oil hydraulic pump (17) outlet connects relief valve (19) entrance, connects the liquid entering hole of hydraulic motor/pump (3) between oil hydraulic pump (17) outlet and relief valve (19) entrance; Cooler (20) is arranged in liquid-supplying system oil pipe loop.
16. according to the hydraulic power unit described in claims 14 or 15, it is characterized in that, on the oil pipe line that connects accumulator (4), be connected in series pressure control device, described pressure control device comprises one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62), the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) is in parallel, the outlet of the entrance of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) is in parallel, wherein the entrance of the outlet of one-way valve (61) and reduction valve (62) accumulator (4) entrance that is jointly connected in parallel.
The potential energy method for transformation of 17. hydraulic power units, it is characterized in that, use a Double shaft-extension motor (1), each self-driven hydraulic motor/pump (3) of Double shaft-extension motor (1) two ends, described hydraulic motor/pump (3) drives lifting fluid cylinder (5), and lifting fluid cylinder (5) is connected with load; Double shaft-extension motor (1) clockwise and anticlockwise automatically under the control of control gear, the hydraulic motor/pump (3) at Double shaft-extension motor (1) two ends is always simultaneously respectively in different states: or pump state or motor state; The lifting fluid cylinder (5) of Double shaft-extension motor (1) both sides is always simultaneously respectively in different states: or up stroke state or down stroke state; The potential energy of the load that the lifting fluid cylinder (5) in down stroke state connects it is converted into hydraulic energy and drives the hydraulic motor/pump (3) in motor state, hydraulic motor/pump in motor state (3) and Double shaft-extension motor (1) drive the hydraulic motor/pump (3) in pump state to drive lifting fluid cylinder (5) lifting load together, and the potential energy of descending like this load is just converted into the potential energy of up load.
The operating method of 18. hydraulic power units, its step comprises:
Hydraulic power unit is installed;
Each lifting fluid cylinder is connected with load respectively, and makes the piston of lifting fluid cylinder of Double shaft-extension motor one side in upper dead center, and the piston of the lifting fluid cylinder of opposite side is in lower dead centre;
Switch on power;
Start the oil hydraulic pump (this step is only applicable to the hydraulic power unit of liquid-supplying system) of liquid-supplying system;
Adjust the control gear of Double shaft-extension motor, the starting sense of rotation of Double shaft-extension motor is met: the hydraulic motor/pump being connected with the lifting fluid cylinder of piston in upper dead center is in motor state;
Start Double shaft-extension motor.
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| CN201310588139.8A CN103671306A (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2013-11-21 | Hydraulic power device and potential energy converting and operating methods thereof |
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| CN201310588139.8A CN103671306A (en) | 2013-11-21 | 2013-11-21 | Hydraulic power device and potential energy converting and operating methods thereof |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |