CN103670404B - Method and device for driving a chain transmission and a chain clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for driving a chain drive and a chain clutch. In the case of a method for driving a chain drive, an applicable clutch is provided between the drive motor and the chain driven by the drive motor in order to transmit the desired torque from the drive motor to the sprocket, whereby the torque transmittable by the clutch is selected appropriately.

Description

Method and device for driving a chain transmission and a chain clutch

The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for driving a chain drive, and a chain clutch for a chain drive in an underground mine.

Chain drives of this type are known primarily for use in underground mines and, for example, for driving underground mining machines such as coal plows or drums and conveyor belts. Drives with frequency-controlled motors and high performance are used, for example, as drives for coal plows, wherein load balancing and smooth starting can be taken over by the motor. Of course, the chain (with which the mining machinery is moved back and forth) must be protected from dynamic overload. The overload is produced by the kinetic energy stored in the motor, gearbox, clutch, sprocket and chain.

The chains used in practice are capable of withstanding dynamic forces higher than 1000 kN, where the drive motor cannot continuously transmit a force of 250 kN to the chain. In the event of an overload, a maximum force of approximately 500 kN is transmitted. What happens in practice, however, is that the chain snaps under overload conditions, caused by the kinetic energy stored in the chain, gearbox and motor. An unintended overload would cause the mining machine to stop, so that the forces in the chain would be increased by the inertial mass until the chain could break.

In order to solve this problem, it is known in the prior art to install a clutch between the gearbox and the sprocket. However, such a clutch is usually fixed, that is to say it cannot be changed while the mining machine is in operation, or it is understood to operate continuously with slip and is adjusted continuously at high speed. Also, it is known from the prior art to have buffers on mining machinery Or a chain member (Kettenglieder) with a force limit. Such elements do not provide sufficient protection, since they must exert the forces transmitted by the chain. The stroke of the buffer is generally insufficient. In the case of overload, the chain members with stress limit must be repaired frequently.

The object of the present invention is to invent a method for driving a chain drive, a device for carrying out the method, and a chain clutch for a chain drive in an underground mine, by means of the method, the device and the The chain clutch prevents the chain from breaking off in the event of an overload in a cost-effective, simple and reliable manner.

According to a first aspect of the invention, this object is solved by a chain clutch for chain drives in underground mines, which chain clutch comprises a clutch housing connectable to the components to be driven, the clutch housing having A chain channel and a plurality of stop pins hydraulically pressable into the chain channel.

A chain clutch of this type can be fastened with its clutch housing to a mining machine (for example a coal plow), wherein a drive chain can be guided through the chain channel. A friction fit and/or a form-fit coupling between the mining machine and the chain is possible by means of the locking pin, which can be hydraulically pressed into the chain channel, so that the mining machine is firmly coupled to the driven chain. However, because the stop pin can be hydraulically pressed into the chain channel, it is permissible to select or set the pressure on the stop pin so that it is subjected to a high pressure between the mining machine and the chain being driven relative to the current hydraulic pressure. The effect of the opposing force is pressed out of the chain channel. In other words, pressing the locking pin into the chain channel and pressing it out of the chain channel can be performed reversibly, wherein pressing the locking pin into the chain channel is done hydraulically and pressing the locking pin out of the chain channel is Automatically when a predetermined force between the chain and the mining machine is reached.

The hydraulic system for pressing the locking pin into the chain channel can be constructed very simply, wherein all components of the hydraulic system can be mounted on the clutch housing, in the clutch housing, or in the region of the clutch housing, and It thus acts together with the mining machine.

Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the description, in the drawings and in the dependent claims.

According to a first advantageous embodiment, a hydraulic accumulator can be provided for driving the locking pin, which is connected to the locking pin via a piping system which in particular forms a closed system. In this way, a hydraulic transmission for a single locking pin is produced in a very simple manner, which can act together with the mining machine.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a locking pin or preferably all locking pins can each be pressurized via a configurable pressure locking valve. The holding force of each locking pin is thus set individually and to achieve the required holding force.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, a stop is provided in or on the clutch housing, which stops the pressing of each locking pin into the chain channel. This ensures in a simple manner that each locking pin only reaches a predetermined maximum stroke and is not pressed so far into the chain channel that an undisturbed return of the locking pin is no longer possible.

In order to facilitate the outward movement of the individual locking pins when the maximum holding force is achieved, each locking pin can have a locking pin head which is at least partially bevelled or conical. For one such embodiment, when the force between the chain and the stop pin is greater than the force exerted on the stop pin by the hydraulic pressure, a single chain member presses each stop pin back to the stop pin it belongs to against the current hydraulic pressure in the boot device.

When the cross-section of the chain channel matches the cross-sectional profile of the chain, that is to say, its cross-section has a substantially cross-shaped profile, then a well-defined chain guidance can be achieved in the chain channel, so that the defined individual The stop pin can be engaged in the chain.

According to a further advantageous embodiment, the chain clutch can be designed such that a plurality of locking pins can be used on at least one chain component. In this way the forces exerted by the individual locking pins on the chain and by the chain on the locking pins can be reduced.

According to another aspect, the basic task is solved by a method for driving a chain drive in an underground mine, wherein an applicable clutch is provided between the drive motor and the chain driven by the drive motor in order to transfer the desired The pitch is transmitted from the drive motor to the sprocket. In this case, according to the invention, when starting the drive motor, a maximum value is selected for the torque transmittable by the clutch, and the torque transmittable by the clutch is only reduced after a predetermined number of revolutions of the motor has been reached.

The method according to the invention is based on the recognition that transmission motors used in practice have a unique torque profile. Generally, such transmission motors produce a constant torque until a predetermined number of revolutions is reached when starting the motor, and the torque decreases after reaching the predetermined number of revolutions. The method according to the invention makes full use of these advantages and sets the torque transmitted by the clutch high, as long as the motor (and the mechanical elements transmitted by the motor) do not have high kinetic energy. However, as soon as the motor has reached a predetermined speed and the torque it generates is reduced, the torque transmitted by the clutch is reduced, so that no damage to the entire system can occur in the event of an overload. Preferably, such a rotational speed is selected as the predetermined motor rotational speed, at which the torque generated by the drive motor is reduced due to construction limitations.

Finally, the object according to the invention is achieved by a device comprising a transmission having a clutch which is hydraulically actuatable by means of a piston. Furthermore, a pressure connection, at least one hydraulic accumulator and an unlockable non-return valve between the pressure connection and the piston are provided, wherein the control electronics is connected to the at least one magnetic valve in order to control the pressure application of the piston. A control device of this type according to the invention can be realized with simple standard components used in underground mines. For this purpose, fast valves or proportionally acting valves are not required, which at the same time reduces manufacturing costs.

According to an advantageous embodiment of the device according to the invention, a throttle valve and a combination of throttle valve and non-return valve can be connected continuously between the pressure connection and the piston, so that the pressure of the piston can be set individually. Elevation and pressure reduction.

According to another advantageous embodiment, two hydraulic accumulators can be provided, namely a hydraulic accumulator in the area of the Hydraulic accumulator in the area of the piston (with which the pressure can be stably controlled).

In the following, the invention is described purely by way of example, according to an advantageous embodiment and with reference to the accompanying drawings. which shows:

Figure 1 shows a schematic view of a chain drive in an underground mine;

Figure 2 shows a section through the chain clutch;

Figure 3 shows a longitudinal section through the chain clutch arrangement of Figure 2; and

Figure 4 shows a device for controlling a chain drive.

FIG. 1 shows an arrangement of a chain drive, the driven component being a coal plow 10 in the exemplary embodiment shown. The shown chain drive is symmetrically constructed, wherein the second drive (which is constructed in the same manner as shown in FIG. 1 ) is not shown in the figure. The chain drive shown in FIG. 1 comprises a drive motor 12 which drives a sprocket 16 via a gearbox 14 , wherein a clutch 18 is arranged between the gearbox 14 and the sprocket 16 . A further clutch 20 is arranged in the region of the plow 10 . This clutch will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 and 3 and, unlike clutch 18 , is either fixed or not controllable.

The chain clutch arrangement shown in FIGS. 2 and 3 comprises a clutch housing 22 with a (interconnected) base part 24 and a guide part 26 , which are fixed to the plow 10 . Here, the guide part 26 has a chain channel 28 , which has a substantially cross-shaped cross-section, and through which the chain 15 , whose chain components 15 a and 15 b are guided, is guided.

In the base part 24 of the clutch housing 22 , a plurality of locking pins 30 are each displaceably arranged in bores 32 , wherein hydraulic fluid can be applied to the bores via connections 34 . Thus, when hydraulic pressure is applied, each stop pin 30 moves in its perforation in the direction of the chain channel 28 until it abuts with its annular bead 36 on a stop 38, which is held It is installed in the region of the guide part 26 and prevents the locking pin 30 from being pressed further into the chain channel 28 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , a plurality of stop pins are mounted in the clutch housing 22 or in the base part 24 , for example seventeen stop pins are mounted side by side in the embodiment shown, wherein each interface 34 is connected to a piping system 40 , the piping system 40 is designed as a closed system.

The pipeline system 40 comprises a supply line 42 , to which a hydraulic accumulator 44 is connected, wherein between the supply line 42 and each connection 34 a non-return valve 46 and an adjustable pressure lock valve 48 are connected in parallel.

The number of detent pins 30 and the grid are selected such that more and more detent pins 30 are applied (angestellt) to the chain member 15a or 15b. A minimum pressure, eg about 10 bar, is provided by means of the hydraulic accumulator 44 so that all stop pins 30 are pressed either out to the stop 38 or into the chain channel until they touch the chain member 15a or 15b. Backflow through the same path will be prevented by means of the check valve 46 . However, when the stop pin 30 is pressed back into its piercing hole 32 by the chain 12, each piston 30 is pressed back into its piercing hole when the chain 15 is moved further in the direction of the arrow (FIG. 3), although the mining machine 10 is fixed underground. middle. However, the pressure lock valve 48 is set to a high desired pressure, eg approximately 100 bar respectively, thus defining the force that has to be applied to the chain in order to move relative to the clutch housing.

In order to facilitate the pressing back of the locking pins 30 by means of a single chain member, each locking pin has a locking pin head 31 which is designed conically and has a rounded tip. This makes it possible to press the single locking pin from the chain component back into the clutch housing without interference when a preselected force is achieved, so that the chain clutch is opened, that is to say the chain slides through the chain channel 28 .

FIG. 4 shows a device for carrying out the method according to the invention, which device has an interface 50 for supplying pressure via a full face hydraulic (Strebhydraulik) (DN10), which can be integrated into the gearbox In the mounting flange (Montageflansch) of the housing. A non-return valve 54 is arranged downstream of the filter 52 , which prevents a backflow of pressure medium. In the interface, a hydraulic accumulator 56 is coupled to the non-return valve 54 , which enables control when the pressure should drop in the full mining face.

Following the hydraulic accumulator 56 there is a sensor 58 which transmits the inlet pressure to the electrohydraulic control device 60 . The transmitted torque can be estimated by means of a pressure gauge 62 arranged in the connection.

Then there are two solenoid valves 64 and 66 connected in parallel, which are controlled by the control device 60, wherein the solenoid valve 64 increases the pressure applied to the clutch 18, and the solenoid valve 66 releases the clutch 18 by lowering the is achieved by the pressure exerted on the clutch piston 68 .

The two solenoid valves 64 and 66 are interconnected with an unlockable non-return valve 70 , by means of which non-return valve 70 the pressure exerted on the clutch piston 68 is maintained or reduced. The slipping of the clutch is monitored here by means of two sensors 74 a and 74 b which are arranged such that their signals generate a Gray code. The rotation of the associated output shaft is monitored by further sensors 72a and 72b.

Reference numeral 76 designates a pressure sensor, which is mounted in the interface on an unlockable non-return valve 78, wherein between the pressure sensor 76 and the clutch piston 68 a further hydraulic accumulator 78 is arranged, which stabilizes the The control pressure is limited by a pressure limiting valve 80 .

The use of the above described apparatus results in a system in which the clutch does not have to be adjusted quickly. The force generated by the pressing together of the clutch discs of the clutch 18 defines the transmittable torque, which is constantly adjusted during operation according to the invention and which is initially set higher, whereas for fast rotating The drive motor is set lower. During operation, the clutch 18 does not slip continuously but only in the event of an undesired overload. While in operation, its load limit is simply changeable.

In order to be able to independently set the pressure rise and pressure drop of the clutch, between the solenoid valve 64 and the unlockable non-return valve 70, a throttle valve 82 connected in series and consisting of a throttle valve 84 and a non-return valve 86 is arranged. parallel circuit. Thus, the pressure increase can be set independently via the throttle valve 82 and the pressure drop can be independently set via the throttle valve 84 .

Claims (9)

1. A chain clutch device for a chain drive in an underground mine, said chain clutch device comprising a clutch housing (22) capable of linking to each other with components (10) to be driven, said clutch housing (22 ) has a chain channel (28) and a plurality of stop pins (30), It is characterized in that, These stop pins (30) can simultaneously be hydraulically pressed into said chain channels (28), The stop pin (30) has a stop pin head which is designed to be at least partially inclined, and When the force between the chain (15) and the stop pin is greater than the hydraulic force exerted on the stop pin, automatic pressing of the stop pin from the chain channel is achieved. 2. The chain clutch device according to claim 1, wherein: The locking pin head is designed to be conical. 3. The chain clutch device according to claim 1, wherein: A hydraulic accumulator is provided for driving the locking pin, which is connected to the locking pin (30) via a piping system (40). 4. The chain clutch device according to claim 2, wherein: A hydraulic accumulator is provided for driving the locking pin, which is connected to the locking pin (30) via a piping system (40). 5. The chain clutch device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that, All stop pins can be pressurized via a pressure lock valve (48) which can be provided. 6. The chain clutch device according to claim 5, wherein: A check valve (46) is provided in parallel with each pressure lock valve (48). 7. The chain clutch device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, A stop (38) is provided which limits the pressing of each locking pin (30) into the chain channel (28). 8. The chain clutch device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The cross-section of the chain channel (28) matches the cross-sectional profile of the chain (15). 9. Chain clutch device according to claim 1 or 2, said chain clutch device having a chain (15) located in said chain channel (28), It is characterized in that, Multiple stop pins (30) can be used for at least one chain member (15a, 15b).