CN103667777A - Rolling-formed environment-friendly lead-free brass profile - Google Patents
Rolling-formed environment-friendly lead-free brass profile Download PDFInfo
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- CN103667777A CN103667777A CN201310615756.2A CN201310615756A CN103667777A CN 103667777 A CN103667777 A CN 103667777A CN 201310615756 A CN201310615756 A CN 201310615756A CN 103667777 A CN103667777 A CN 103667777A
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Abstract
The invention develops a novel rolling-formed environment-friendly lead-free brass profile and a rolling forming technology matched with the rolling-formed environment-friendly lead-free brass profile, so that the rolling-formed brass profile with excellent performance is obtained. Both the forming performance and the corrosion resistance after forming of the environment-friendly lead-free brass profile can meet the use requirements.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the LEAD-FREE BRASS ALLOY section bar of the technical field of copper alloy, particularly a kind of rolling and forming.
Background technology
The major ingredient of existing non-environmental protection Winn bronze alloy is not zinc of copper, and copper not the ratio of zinc to be generally about 7:3(be carobrozne) or i.e. six or four brass of 6:4(), conventionally contain in addition the alloying element of larger content.In order to reach, use essential machining property, in existing brass alloys, often add more lead alloy element, the leaded brass obtaining has excellent cold and hot working performance, and the features such as fabulous cutting ability and self-lubricating, can meet the machining of different shape component.Yet well-known, lead element is a kind of to environment and the very harmful element of human body, its can to blood of human body and neural system, particularly children's kidney and cranial nerve etc. cause the reversible damage of Ji.Along with the enhancing gradually of people's environmental consciousness, lead is for the impact of HUMAN HEALTH and the pollution of environment is obtained to weight-normality day by day, and the use of restriction lead-containing alloy also becomes trend of the times.The developed countries such as the current U.S., Japan, European Union formulate or revise Xiang Guan Fa YingYing in succession, do one's utmost to promote to reduce the leaded rate in environment, the AB1953 bill that for example California, USA was implemented since in January, 2010, the lead tolerance of household water pipe material to be reduced to below 0.25%, European Union very begins from August, 2011 to YingYing is fixed, in the lead tolerance of metal parts, is limited to 0.009%.
Under this background, the researchist of countries in the world has developed the leaded brass alloys of various Jis, for example in copper alloy, add the bismuth of more content to substitute lead, yet with respect to leaded brass, bismuth brass Ji only cost is expensive, and the effect of bismuth is still difficult to be equal to completely lead, can cause the plasticity of copper alloy sharply to decline; In addition also have a large amount of research to show to adopt silicon to replace plumbous to obtain the brass of processing characteristics excellence, yet too much silicon addition has the tendency of dwindling alpha phase zone, easily produce more fragility γ phase, in addition too much silicon addition also can worsen the mobility of melt, thereby the performances such as the casting of brass are produced to the good impact of Ji.
Except exploitation Ji leaded environmental protection brass, for the moulding process of brass, be also the main direction of research.Rolling and forming section bar is as a kind of economic section section bar, be widely used in each departments, particularly automotive industry such as the manufacture of national economy middle peasant machine, communications and transportation, automobile making such as each component of body frame, chassis, pedal, extraneous adornment, radiator tube, vapor pipe etc. all available rolling section combination form.Rolling and forming technology is than machining moulding means such as common cold rolling, cuttings, there is short, machining tool long service life process period, scrap generation is saved the many merits such as blank usage quantity, working accuracy height less, can be described as a kind of material-saving, energy-conservation, efficient metal forming Technology, be specially adapted to large batch of process for processing.Therefore, rolling and forming has also obtained widely and has used in the good copper alloy machining of plasticity.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be to provide a kind of have excellent mechanical property, corrosion resistance nature and machinability without leaded brass section bar, and develop the rolling and forming technique not matching.
Technical scheme of the present invention specifically realizes by following content:
One, batching: be 28-32Zn, 0.8-1.2Ge, 0.1-0.3Al, 0.2-0.5Sn, 0.2-0.5Si by alloy target weight percent, surplus is that Cu and the evitable impurity of Ji take raw material, wherein the total content of Al+Sn+Si is less than 1, and described raw material is that purity is the powder of 99.99% oxygen free copper and purity each alloying element that is 99.9%;
Two, melting: by the raw material preparing capable melting of Zhong in high frequency furnace under Ar gas atmosphere, in heat fused process, guarantee that melt liquid level is covered completely by charcoal, after being risen to 1200-1250 ℃, temperature adds germanium powder and silica flour, be incubated after 2-3 minute, after being cooled to 1050-1100 ℃, add aluminium powder and glass putty, after fully stirring, standing insulation 10-20 minute, through checking and finely tune bath composition, complete melting, casting ingot-forming after qualified;
Three, hot-extrudable: by ingot casting capable hot-extrudable alloy bar material that obtains of extrusion ratio Zhong with 8-10 under the condition of 750-780 ℃;
Four, annealing before rolling and forming: implement anneal at 320-350 ℃, annealing time is 2.5-3h;
Five, rolling and forming: adopt the capable rolling and forming of rolling mould Zhong, shaping speed is 15-20m/min, and total deformation rate is 30-40%; Described section bar is sheet material or bar;
Six, finished products: the section bar that rolling and forming is obtained is implemented anneal, annealing time 1h-1.5 at 250-300 ℃.
As preferably, before described rolling and forming, the temperature of anneal is 340 ℃, annealing time 2.8h.
As preferably, shaping speed is 17m/min.
As preferably, total deformation rate is 33%.
As preferably, hot-extrudable temperature is 770 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 8.
As preferably, alloy target weight percent is 30Zn, 1.0Ge, 0.1Al, 0.3Sn, 0.4Si, and surplus is Cu.
The invention has the advantages that: research and develop a kind of novel leadless environment-friendly brass, and developed the rolling and forming technique not matching, thus the rolling and forming brass alloys section bar of acquisition excellent performance.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1-9:
One, batching: take raw material with the alloy target weight percent shown in table 1, described raw material is that purity is the powder of 99.99% oxygen free copper and purity each alloying element that is 99.9%;
Two, melting: by the raw material preparing capable melting of Zhong in high frequency furnace under Ar gas atmosphere, in heat fused process, guarantee that melt liquid level is covered completely by charcoal, after being risen to 1250 ℃, temperature adds germanium powder and silica flour, be incubated after 3 minutes, after being cooled to 1050 ℃, add aluminium powder and glass putty, after fully stirring, standing insulation 20 minutes, through checking and finely tune bath composition, complete melting, casting ingot-forming after qualified;
Three, hot-extrudable: by ingot casting under the condition of 750 ℃ with 8 the capable hot-extrudable alloy bar material that obtains of extrusion ratio Zhong;
Four, annealing before rolling and forming: implement anneal at 320 ℃, annealing time is 2.5h;
Five, rolling and forming: adopt the capable rolling and forming of rolling mould Zhong, shaping speed is 15/min, and total deformation rate is 30%; Described section bar is sheet material or bar;
Six, finished products: the section bar that rolling and forming is obtained is implemented anneal, annealing time 1h at 280 ℃.
After moulding, measure the workhardness (HV) of Surface of profile; Observing the outward appearance of Surface of profile after rolling and forming has flawless, if substantially do not have crackle to be labeled as zero, has fine crack to be labeled as △, have obvious crackle be labeled as *; Adopt the anti-stress corrosion performance of ammonia cure experiment test section bar, specifically, after 14% ammoniacal liquor ammonia cure 24h, after removal corrosion product, with 20 power microscopes, observe surface, if substantially do not have crackle to be labeled as zero, have fine crack to be labeled as △, have obvious crackle be labeled as *.Above-mentioned test result is all listed in table 1.
By the result of table 1, can know by inference to draw a conclusion:
The content of Ge has material impact for the section bar performance of rolling and forming, the too high levels of Ge or too low cause rolling and forming after Surface of profile there is crackle, this may be because the content of Ge has for the stable existence of α phase in brass alloys the impact of decision.Simultaneously Ge for rolling and forming after resistance to dezincify and the stress corrosion effect that all improves.
Al is the strengthening element in wanting in brass alloys, and the tool erosion resistance effect that increases significantly, its addition is less than 0.1 and will be difficult to bring into play above-mentioned effect, but the content of Al also Ji is easily too high, too high Al content can cause the Plasticity Decreasing of brass, thus the cold/hot shaped of severe exacerbation alloy.
Sn not Al is similar, also be strengthening element important in brass alloys, and the tool erosion resistance effect that increases significantly, particularly improve resistance to dezincify performance, it also can expand and stable alpha phase region as Ge after low-temperature annealing to a certain extent simultaneously, thereby contribute to improve cold/hot shaped, thereby but excessive Sn can cause producing too much β phase reduction rolling and forming performance and the corrosion resistance nature after rolling and forming.
Si is important strengthening element, and very few interpolation will cause the section bar intensity Ji of rolling and forming enough, thereby but the interpolation of too much Si makes rolling and forming difficulty by generating a large amount of hard crisp phases, and reduce the corrosion resistance nature of profiles.
Table 1
Embodiment 10-18, the composition of alloy not embodiment 2 is identical, and the processing parameters such as the speed of the annealing temperature before hot-extrudable temperature and extrusion ratio, roll-forming and time, rolling and forming and total deformation rate are referring to table 2.
By the result of table 2, can be known by inference to draw a conclusion:
Hot-extrudable temperature need to be controlled at 750-780 ℃, is difficult to complete smoothly hot-extrudable processing and may produces the crisp hard phase of low temperature lower than 750 ℃, higher than 780 ℃, may produce a large amount of β phases and follow-up rolling and forming performance is caused to the impact of Ji profit.And for extrusion ratio, must meet certain extrusion ratio can obtain corresponding mechanical property, but excessive extrusion ratio can worsen follow-up rolling and forming performance.
Annealing temperature before roll-forming and time have directly determined the front tissue of alloy of roll-forming and the rolling and forming performance of alloy, at 320-350 ℃, implement annealing and can obtain that the most favourable to take α be the tissue of chief component phase mutually, if annealing temperature is lower than 320 ℃, Ji can effectively be controlled the quantity of β phase constitution, and the too high appearance that also easily causes β phase constitution of annealing temperature.Annealing time has the most suitable interval, if annealing time is too short, the shared ratio of α phase constitution is difficult to the number of peaks that reaches required, and annealing time is long, can cause α phase constitution to occur to change mutually, the shared ratio of α phase constitution can reduce on the contrary, and therefore preferably annealing time is 2.5-3h, more preferably 2.8h.
Shaping speed and total deformation rate have decisive action for the quality of rolling and forming, too fast shaping speed easily causes forming defect and requires equipment occupation space also large, and excessively slow shaping speed Ji is beneficial to the raising of production efficiency, consider for the above reasons, the upper limit of rolling and forming speed is set to 20m/min, and lower limit is set to 15m/min.Total deformation rate is crossed conference and is caused forming defect, and the problem that hardening strength Ji is enough easily appears in the Ji of total deformation rate foot, therefore total deformation rate is set as to 30-40%.
Table 2
To sum up, the present invention is by adjusting the proportioning of alloying element, and the related process parameter of controlling melting technology, particularly rolling and forming, has obtained the leadless environment-friendly brass alloys section bar of processability excellence, and has been processed as corresponding section bar.
Claims (5)
1. a leadless environment-friendly brass section bar for rolling and forming, is characterized in that being prepared by following steps:
One, batching: be 28-32Zn, 0.8-1.2Ge, 0.1-0.3Al, 0.2-0.5Sn, 0.2-0.5Si by alloy target weight percent, surplus is that Cu and inevitable impurity take raw material, wherein the total content of Al+Sn+Si is less than 1, and described raw material is that purity is the powder of 99.99% oxygen free copper and purity each alloying element that is 99.9%;
Two, melting: the raw material preparing is carried out under Ar gas atmosphere in high frequency furnace to melting, in heat fused process, guarantee that melt liquid level is covered completely by charcoal, after being risen to 1200-1250 ℃, temperature adds germanium powder and silica flour, be incubated after 2-3 minute, after being cooled to 1050-1100 ℃, add aluminium powder and glass putty, after fully stirring, standing insulation 10-20 minute, through checking and finely tune bath composition, complete melting, casting ingot-forming after qualified;
Three, hot-extrudable: ingot casting is carried out to the hot-extrudable alloy bar material that obtains with the extrusion ratio of 8-10 under the condition of 750-780 ℃;
Four, annealing before rolling and forming: implement anneal at 320-350 ℃, annealing time is 2.5-3h;
Five, rolling and forming: adopt rolling mould to carry out rolling and forming, shaping speed is 15-20m/min, and total deformation rate is 30-40%, and described section bar is sheet material or bar;
Six, finished products: the section bar that rolling and forming is obtained is implemented anneal, annealing time 1h-1.5 at 250-300 ℃.
2. brass section bar according to claim 1, is characterized in that: before described rolling and forming, the temperature of anneal is 340 ℃, annealing time 2.8h.
3. brass section bar according to claim 1, is characterized in that: shaping speed is that 17m/min, total deformation rate are 33%.
4. brass section bar according to claim 1, is characterized in that: hot-extrudable temperature is 770 ℃, and extrusion ratio is 8.
5. brass section bar according to claim 1, is characterized in that: alloy target weight percent is 30Zn, 1.0Ge, 0.1Al, 0.3Sn, 0.4Si, and surplus is Cu.
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| CN201310615756.2A CN103667777B (en) | 2013-11-27 | 2013-11-27 | A kind of leadless environment-friendly brass section bar of rolling and forming |
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| CN103667777B CN103667777B (en) | 2015-11-04 |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6082630A (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1985-05-10 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Copper alloy having superior corrosion resistance |
| JPS6082634A (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1985-05-10 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Copper alloy having superior corrosion resistance |
| JPS6082635A (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1985-05-10 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Copper alloy having superior corrosion resistance |
| JPS6086234A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1985-05-15 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Copper alloy for deep drawing |
| CN101440445A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-05-27 | 路达(厦门)工业有限公司 | Leadless free-cutting aluminum yellow brass alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102206772A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-05 | Lclip有限公司 | Brass allloy |
-
2013
- 2013-11-27 CN CN201310615756.2A patent/CN103667777B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS6082630A (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1985-05-10 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Copper alloy having superior corrosion resistance |
| JPS6082634A (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1985-05-10 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Copper alloy having superior corrosion resistance |
| JPS6082635A (en) * | 1983-10-12 | 1985-05-10 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Copper alloy having superior corrosion resistance |
| JPS6086234A (en) * | 1983-10-18 | 1985-05-15 | Nippon Mining Co Ltd | Copper alloy for deep drawing |
| CN101440445A (en) * | 2008-12-23 | 2009-05-27 | 路达(厦门)工业有限公司 | Leadless free-cutting aluminum yellow brass alloy and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102206772A (en) * | 2010-03-30 | 2011-10-05 | Lclip有限公司 | Brass allloy |
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Inventor after: Tan Daipeng Inventor before: Mao Yangqun |
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Effective date of registration: 20170721 Address after: 526499, happy road, Huai Town, Huaiji County, Zhaoqing, Guangdong Patentee after: Huaiji Dong Guo copper products manufacturing Co., Ltd. Address before: Yuyao City, Zhejiang province 315400 Ningbo City Yangming streets Liang Yan Cun Patentee before: YUYAO SHISEN COPPER FACTORY |
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