CN103667741A - Copper converter converting control system - Google Patents
Copper converter converting control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103667741A CN103667741A CN201310682988.XA CN201310682988A CN103667741A CN 103667741 A CN103667741 A CN 103667741A CN 201310682988 A CN201310682988 A CN 201310682988A CN 103667741 A CN103667741 A CN 103667741A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a copper converter converting control system which comprises a slag forming end point detection unit and a copper forming end point detection unit, wherein the slag forming end point detection unit is used for online collecting characteristic spectrum emission intensity signals of PbO and PbS of the melt in a copper converter in the slag forming period; the copper forming end point detection unit is used for online collecting gas concentration signals of SO2 in flue gas in a copper converter gas duct A in the copper smelting period; a data processing unit is used for analyzing and processing the signals collected by the slag forming end point detection unit and the copper forming end point detection unit to judge whether the converting reaches the slag forming end point and the copper forming end point, and performs regulation and control to determine whether the blowing out is performed. The control system can accurately judge the slag forming end point and the copper forming end point, so that the phenomena including over-blowing, under blowing and the like can be avoided, the safety production of copper converter converting is ensured, and the efficiency of copper smelting is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to copper ore concentrates field of smelting, be specifically related to a kind of copper and bessemerize Controlling System.
Background technology
The main PS that adopts of copper matte regulus blowing bessemerizes technology, and current global mineral products blister copper 80% production capacity all adopts PS to bessemerize.The blowing refinement of the matte minute cycle carries out, and is divided into slag forming period and copper making period, in slag forming period, blasts air or oxygen-rich air melt in from air port to stove, and by the stirring of air, the FeS in matte is oxidized, generates FeO and SO
2; FeO again with the flux adding in SiO
2carry out slag making reaction.Slag making reaction one finishes, temporarily out-of-blast, carries out deslagging operation.At copper making period, stay white matte in stove (mainly with Cu
2the form of S exists) react with the airborne oxygen blasting, generate blister copper and SO
2.
In copper matte regulus converting process, of crucial importance to the judgement of slag forming period and copper making period terminal, endpoint error several minutes will make follow-up processing extend a few hours, has a strong impact on the efficiency that copper is smelted.As in slag forming period, slag over-blowing, can make FeO further be oxidized to Fe
3o
4, slag young blow, Fe is indivisible, easily generates Fe
3o
4, produce coppeferrite (Cu
2o.Fe
2o
3) all make slag type worsen, slag cupric raises, simultaneously the high Fe of viscosity
3o
4compound is easily bonded in stove inwall, dwindles furnace volume, and the throughput of copper converter is reduced; If over-blowing (old copper) is high containing oxygen, long to the subsequent handling anode furnace operation recovery time, increase reduction gas consumption; If young blow (tender copper), sulfur-bearing is high, on subsequent handling anode furnace operation impact, is that oxidization time is long, increases gas-firing consumption.Meanwhile, all can reduce blister copper grade, affect blister copper quality.In addition, in the process of bessemerizing, the reaction of generation is all almost thermopositive reaction, is maintenance heat balance, must change and add cold burden to reduce temperature fluctuation in good time according to furnace temperature, protection furnace lining and prolongation stove life-span.But, about copper, bessemerizing endpoint institute employing method is at present hand sampling, range estimation slag specimen, the variation of copper sample and flame vibration, the spark changing conditions of splashing judgement blow end point mostly, the mensuration of furnace temperature is also to take hand sampling to estimate its mobility, or observes burner hearth brightness.And hand sampling is easily subject to the impact of operator's the mental status and individual practical experience, cause that endpoint is inaccurate, hit rate is low, easily cause the potential safety hazards such as over-blowing, " black furnace " or " spray stove ".Hit rate is low simultaneously, needs repeated sampling, forces the body of heater that verts frequent, and a large amount of smelting exhaust gas are arranged and caused atmospheric pollution from fire door, affect the healthy of operator.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of copper and bessemerize Controlling System, it can realize the accurate judgement of copper being bessemerized to slag making terminal, end point of copper forming period in process, avoid occurring the phenomenons such as over-blowing, young blow, guarantee the safety in production that copper is bessemerized, improve the efficiency that copper is smelted.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Copper is bessemerized a Controlling System, and it is included in the slag making end point determination unit that slag forming period gathers PbO in melt in copper converter and PbS characteristic spectrum emissive porwer signal online, and at copper making period online to the SO in copper converter flue A flue gas
2the end point of copper forming period detecting unit that gas concentration signal gathers, the signal of the slag making of data processing unit analyzing and processing, the collection of end point of copper forming period detecting unit judges whether to arrive slag making, end point of copper forming period and regulates and controls whether blowing-out is blown;
End point of copper forming period detecting unit is arranged on the flue A wall of copper converter, comprise corresponding transmitting illuminant and the second spectrograph arranging in place, two side that flue A sustained height is relative, the light after smoke absorption that the second spectrograph sends transmitting illuminant carries out light intensity detection, and the light intensity signal detecting is transferred to data processing unit carries out analyzing and processing and judge whether to arrive end point of copper forming period.
By research, find, when slag forming period approaches terminal, the PbS in copper converter starts oxidizing reaction and generates PbO, therefore can to slag making terminal, accurately judge by detecting PbS, PbO change in concentration in copper converter slag-making smelting process; Copper making period melt major ingredient is Cu
2s, its smelting task is desulfurization, generates gas SO
2change in concentration is obvious.By a large amount of production practice, show, copper making period is between the blowing process, SO in flue gas
2concentration is approximately stabilized between 10～55%, and in the copper making period later stage, density loss is copper making period terminal to the of short duration period region of sudden change, and concentration is between 0.8～1.2%.Therefore in the present invention by slag forming period to copper converter in melt PbO and PbS and copper making period to copper converter flue A flue gas in SO
2data gathering, can realize the accurate judgement to slag making, end point of copper forming period, regulation and control blowing-out blowing, thereby reach phenomenons such as avoiding occurring over-blowing, young blow, guarantee the safety in production that copper is bessemerized, improve the efficiency that copper is smelted.The signal of slag making end point determination unit collection should be indirectly or directly can be symbolized the change in concentration of PbO and PbS in melt.
In the present invention, during concrete operations, be to utilize slag making end point determination unit to gather the characteristic spectrum emissive porwer signal of PbO and PbS in copper converter melt, and this strength signal direct reaction go out the change in concentration of PbO and PbS in melt and finally can carry out the accurate judgement of slag making terminal according to the characteristic spectrum emissive porwer change curve intersection point of PbO, PbS.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of slag making end point determination unit;
Fig. 2 is the installment state schematic diagram of end point of copper forming period detecting unit;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of first and second body;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of first and second pipe connecting.
Fig. 5 is that data processing unit carries out the result of analyzing and processing to the signal of slag making end point determination unit collection;
Fig. 6 is that data processing unit carries out the result of analyzing and processing to the signal of end point of copper forming period detecting unit collection.
Embodiment
Copper provided by the invention is bessemerized Controlling System, it is included in slag forming period and online PbO in melt in copper converter and PbS characteristic spectrum emissive porwer is carried out the slag making end point determination unit 50 of signals collecting, and at copper making period online to the SO in copper converter flue A flue gas
2the end point of copper forming period detecting unit that gas concentration signal gathers, the signal of the slag making of data processing unit analyzing and processing, the collection of end point of copper forming period detecting unit judges whether to arrive slag making, end point of copper forming period and regulates and controls whether blowing-out is blown.Data processing unit can be a computer and forms, data and result that display analysis is processed, and whether operator can stop blowing according to result manual regulation, or whether stop blowing by the automatic adjusting of computer regulating topworks.
Further, at copper provided by the invention, bessemerize in Controlling System, also comprise slag forming period, copper making period are carried out to the temperature detecting unit of signals collecting to melt temperature in copper converter, the signal of data processing unit analyzing and processing temperature detecting unit collection also regulates and controls adding of cold burden, prevents that the phenomenon of " black furnace " or " spray stove " from occurring and prolongation copper life of converter.
As shown in Figure 1, during concrete operations, slag making end point determination unit 50 is arranged on copper converter mouth top, it comprises the first visual telescope 51 connecting successively, the first spectrograph 52, PDA detector 53, DSP data collecting card 54, the first 52 pairs of spectrographs optical signal receiving carries out light splitting, then by PDA detector 53, completed the conversion of photosignal, and then by DSP data collecting card 54, complete whole spectrum data gathering and work, finally by RS232 serial ports and data processing unit, communicate, the spectroscopic data collecting is sent to data processing unit to carry out analyzing and processing and judges whether to arrive slag making terminal.The wavelength region of the first spectrograph 52 is 495～628nm, and spectral resolution is 0.5nm.
The signal that data processing unit detects slag making end point determination unit 50 is handled as follows: the PbO that slag making end point determination unit 50 is detected, PbS characteristic spectrum emissive porwer signal are drawn respectively the light intensity curve that generates PbO light intensity curve and PbS under the same coordinate system, the X-coordinate of curvilinear coordinates is the time, ordinate zou is light intensity, as shown in Figure 5, judge whether two curves intersect, if intersected, before and after this intersection point, time interval of five minutes is between slag making outrun, carries out blowing-out blowing operation between this slag making outrun; Otherwise continue blowing slag-making operation.
End point of copper forming period detecting unit is arranged on the flue A wall of copper converter, comprise corresponding transmitting illuminant 20 and the second spectrograph 30 arranging in place, two side that flue A sustained height is relative, the light intensity after smoke absorption that the second 30 pairs of spectrographs transmitting illuminant 20 sends detects, and the optical signal transmission detecting is carried out to analyzing and processing to data processing unit judges no arrival end point of copper forming period.Described transmitting illuminant 20 is deuterium lamp, the UV-light that emission wavelength is 200nm～260nm, and the second spectrograph 30 and data processing unit carry out detection computations to the light intensity after smoke absorption of this wave band, as shown in Figure 2.
More specifically be operating as:
On the sidewall of the corresponding both sides of flue A first, two bodys 10, 10 ', first, two bodys 10, 10 ' along the same beam path layout that postpones, this beam path becomes arranged crosswise with the flowing-path of flue gas in flue A, first, two bodys 10, 10 ' the body that is positioned at flue A periphery is respectively arranged with for separating first, two bodys 10, the light transmission piece 41 of 10 ' inner chamber and outside atmosphere, the outside of two light transmission piece 41 arranges respectively transmitting illuminant 20 and the second spectrograph 30, first, two bodys 10, 10 ' the pipe end mouth of pipe place that extends to flue A inside is provided for respectively spraying air curtain and prevents that in flue gas, dust enters first, two bodys 10, the valve 11 of 10 ' tube chamber, the gas flow and first of valve 11 ejections, two bodys 10, 10 ' axial arranged crosswise.When light transmission piece 41 mainly prevents that the air curtain of valve 11 ejection is strong not, in flue A, flue gas enters first and second body 10,10 ' and overflows and pollute.The gas flow of valve 11 ejection preferably and first and second body 10,10 ' the perpendicular layout of axis, is avoided the impact on flue gas to be measured, as shown in Figure 2.
Flue gas for comparatively high temps, except preventing flue dust, need enter first and second body 10,10 ' tube chamber, also need to consider that between high-temperature flue gas and first and second body 10,10 ', heat is transmitted the impact on laser measurement, after first and second body 10,10 ' is heated, can make to be positioned at the opticinstrument distortion of first and second body 10,10 ' two outer ends and the propagation of laser and drift about, affect measuring accuracy.Therefore in the present invention, first and second body 10,10 ' is double-layer tube wall structure, in the folder chamber that double-layer tube wall structure forms, is provided with first and second body 10,10 ' is carried out to cooling cooling module 15.During concrete operations, cooling module 15 is that the water-cooled tube that first and second body 10,10 ' folder chamber internal screw shape are arranged forms, on first and second body 10,10 ' outer tube wall, the water-in and water-out mouth of pipe 14 being connected with water-cooled tube is set respectively, the water-in and water-out mouth of pipe 14 is arranged on the outside of flue A.By the cooling effect of cooling module 15, eliminate the impact of high-temperature flue gas, guarantee the accuracy of measuring.
As shown in Figure 3, further scheme is, valve 11 is that an interlayer shield forms, the mouth of pipe that shield is positioned at first and second body 10,10 ' in flue A blocks camber or semicircle, the air outlet of valve 11 is along enclosing the shield limit portion setting that forms arc or the semicircle mouth of pipe, and air outlet is connected and is connected with source of the gas.The inner chamber of two shield inside is connected and is integrated with first and second body 10,10 ' folder chamber respectively, the gas interface 13 that is communicated with folder chamber and source of the gas is set on first and second body 10,10 ' outer tube wall, on first and second body 10,10 ' inner tubal wall, arranges and be communicated with first and second body 10,10 ' tube chamber and the through hole 12 that presss from both sides chamber.Gas interface 13 is arranged on the outside of flue A, and first and second body 10, the 10 ' mouth of pipe are blocked to camber or semicircle, is mainly to guarantee that air curtain that valve 11 blows out can effectively prevent that dust from entering first and second body 10,10 ' inner chamber.Due in the specific implementation, it is too strong that air curtain should not arrange, avoid the impact of air curtain on flue gas composition in flue A, the variation of flue gas pressures and flow state in flue A, or may exist dust in partial fume to break through air curtain enters in first and second body 10,10 ' pipeline, therefore by the through hole 12 of offering, be communicated with first and second body 10,10 ' folder chamber and tube chamber, enter like this first and second body 10,10 ' tube chamber forms a local malleation, further prevents that dust from entering in first and second body 10,10 '.
After long-play, inevitable or the certain dust of delay is attached in transmissive mirror 41 or pipeline in first and second body 10,10 ', projection to laser exerts an influence, and therefore, first and second body 10,10 ' tube chamber are also connected and are connected with pressure gas source respectively.High pressure gas by pressure gas source are removed the dust being detained in pipeline and to each assembly, as transmissive mirror cleans, avoid the impact on measuring accuracy.During concrete operations, can be according to as Fig. 3, scheme shown in 4 is carried out in real time, transmitting illuminant 20 and laser are accepted assembly 30 and first, two bodys 10, between 10 ', be also respectively arranged with first, two pipe connectings 40, 40 ', first, two pipe connectings 40, one end of 40 ' is respectively with first, two bodys 10, 10 ' is connected connects as one, first, two pipe connectings 40, 40 ' the other end arranges respectively isolated first, two pipe connectings 40, the light transmission piece 41 of 40 ' inner chamber and outside atmosphere, first, two pipe connectings 40, on 40 ' tube wall, arrange respectively and be communicated with first, two pipe connectings 40, the interface tube 42 of 40 ' tube chamber and pressure gas source.
The signal that data processing unit detects end point of copper forming period detecting unit is handled as follows: SO in the flue gas that end point of copper forming period detecting unit is gathered
2volumetric concentration signal be depicted as curve and show in real time.Work as SO
2volumetric concentration reaches between copper making period outrun, refers to SO in flue A flue gas between copper making period outrun
2volumetric concentration scope is 0.8%～1.2% period, carries out blowing-out operation, otherwise continues to make copper converting, as shown in Figure 6;
End point of copper forming period signal gathering unit is divided into optics and electricity two parts, and opticator is comprised of optical fiber and the second spectrograph 30; Electricity some work flow process is that the UV-light sent of deuterium lamp (transmitting illuminant 20) is after measuring cell absorbs, by optical fiber, enter the second spectrograph, spectral signal after the second spectrograph 30 light splitting, detector gather, by serial ports, is input to inverting in industrial computer.Transmitting illuminant 20 adopts deuterium lamp, and spectral band is 185nm～400nm, meets the needs of measuring required 200nm～260nm.The input of deuterium lamp direct-coupling, optical fiber output.End point of copper forming period signal gathering unit in the present invention can adapt to SO in flue gas
2the fluctuation of volumetric concentration changes, and has solved because of gordian technique difficult problems such as optical fiber repeatedly coupling efficiency is low, transmitting energy loss is large, signal weakening, data delays, overcomes common SO
2flue gas analyzing apparatus cannot adapt to converter operating mode problem for a long time, and concrete testing process is:
1, when inner flue gas of the stove process measuring cell, the UV-irradiation of light source transmitting is on tested gas, and wherein the light of 200nm～260nm wavelength is by SO
2gas absorption.
2, the beam splitting system that the ultraviolet signal after absorption is delivered in spectrograph by optical fiber transmission is carried out after light splitting, and outgoing spectrum is received by wavelength by photodiode array, by prime amplifier, is amplified and is gathered by capture card.
3, finally after mould/number transforms, input computer and process, obtain SO in inner flue gas of the stove
2volumetric concentration.
Temperature detecting unit is arranged on copper converter mouth top, and temperature detecting unit is double color infrared temperature measuring instrument, and this temperature measurer comprises color comparison temperature measurement probe, the temperature-measuring range of temperature measurer: 600～2000 ℃.In the high and converting process of converter copper metallurgy melt temperature, stir violently, high dirt, fly slag, traditional thermometric cannot continuous detecting.The present invention is according to color comparison temperature measurement principle, double color infrared ray device with Automatic clearance function is arranged on to fire door top correct position, chain control that temperature probe stretches and body of heater verts, avoid copper ashes adhesive power because splashing in burner hearth to form the firm waste residue layer of one deck at detecting head surface and cause gathering that hole diminishes gradually, signal dies down gradually, improve service life of equipment and reduce maintenance cost.
Adopt double color infrared temperature measuring instrument, double-color detector is measured the energy of two infrared spectras, and its ratio is determined target temperature.Separately because measuring result is near the top temperature of measuring in visual field, rather than medial temperature, thus bicolorimetric method thermometric can install farther, be suitable for the measurement to copper converter melt temperature.
In a word, copper provided by the invention is bessemerized Controlling System, it can be realized copper is bessemerized to the accurate judgement of slag making terminal, end point of copper forming period and the accurate control of furnace temperature in process, avoid occurring the phenomenons such as over-blowing, black furnace, spray stove, guarantee the safety in production that copper is bessemerized, improve the efficiency that copper is smelted.
Claims (9)
1. copper is bessemerized a Controlling System, and it is included in the slag making end point determination unit (50) that slag forming period gathers PbO in melt in copper converter and PbS characteristic spectrum emissive porwer signal online, and at copper making period online to the SO in copper converter flue A flue gas
2the end point of copper forming period detecting unit that gas concentration signal gathers, the signal of the slag making of data processing unit analyzing and processing, the collection of end point of copper forming period detecting unit judges whether to arrive slag making, end point of copper forming period and regulates and controls whether blowing-out is blown;
End point of copper forming period detecting unit is arranged on the flue A wall of copper converter, comprise corresponding transmitting illuminant (20) and the second spectrograph (30) arranging in place, two side that flue A sustained height is relative, the light after smoke absorption that the second spectrograph (30) sends transmitting illuminant (20) carries out light intensity detection, and the light intensity signal detecting is transferred to data processing unit carries out analyzing and processing and judge whether to arrive end point of copper forming period.
2. copper as claimed in claim 1 is bessemerized Controlling System, it is characterized in that: be also included in slag forming period, copper making period and melt temperature in copper converter carried out to the temperature detecting unit of signals collecting, the signal of data processing unit analyzing and processing temperature detecting unit collection also regulates and controls adding of cold burden.
3. copper as claimed in claim 1 is bessemerized Controlling System, it is characterized in that: slag making end point determination unit (50) is arranged on copper converter mouth top, it comprises the first visual telescope (51) connecting successively, the first spectrograph (52), PDA detector (53), DSP data collecting card (54), the first spectrograph (52) carries out light splitting to the optical signal receiving, then by PDA detector (53), complete photosignal conversion, and then complete whole spectrum data gathering work by DSP data collecting card (54), and the spectroscopic data collecting is sent to data processing unit carries out analyzing and processing and judge whether to arrive slag making terminal.
4. copper as claimed in claim 2 is bessemerized Controlling System, it is characterized in that: temperature detecting unit is arranged on copper converter mouth top, and temperature detecting unit is double color infrared temperature measuring instrument.
5. copper as claimed in claim 1 is bessemerized Controlling System, it is characterized in that: first on the sidewall of the corresponding both sides of flue A, two bodys (10, 10 '), first, two bodys (10, 10 ') along the same beam path layout that postpones, this beam path becomes arranged crosswise with the flowing-path of flue gas in flue A, first, two bodys (10, 10 ') body that is positioned at flue A periphery is respectively arranged with for separating first, two bodys (10, 10 ') light transmission piece of inner chamber and outside atmosphere (41), the outside of two light transmission piece (41) arranges respectively transmitting illuminant (20) and the second spectrograph (30), first, two bodys (10, 10 ') the pipe end mouth of pipe place that extends to flue A inside is provided for respectively spraying air curtain and prevents that in flue gas, dust enters first, two bodys (10, 10 ') valve of tube chamber (11), the gas flow and first of valve (11) ejection, two bodys (10, 10 ') axial arranged crosswise.
6. the device for flue A flue gas is detected as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that: valve (11) is that an interlayer shield forms, the mouth of pipe that shield is positioned at first and second body (10,10 ') in flue A blocks camber or semicircle, the air outlet of valve (11) is along enclosing the shield limit portion setting that forms arc or the semicircle mouth of pipe, and air outlet is connected and is connected with source of the gas.
7. the device for flue A flue gas is detected as described in claim 5 or 6, it is characterized in that: first and second body (10,10 ') is double-layer tube wall structure, in the folder chamber that double-layer tube wall structure forms, be provided with first and second body (10,10 ') is carried out to cooling cooling module (15).
8. the device for flue A flue gas is detected as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that: the inner chamber of two shield inside is connected and is integrated with the folder chamber of first and second body (10,10 ') respectively, the gas interface (13) that is communicated with folder chamber and source of the gas is set on the outer tube wall of first and second body (10,10 '), on the inner tubal wall of first and second body (10,10 '), arranges and be communicated with first and second body (10,10 ') tube chamber and the through hole (12) that presss from both sides chamber.
9. the device for flue A flue gas is detected as claimed in claim 7, is characterized in that: the tube chamber of first and second body (10,10 ') is also connected and is connected with pressure gas source respectively, transmitting illuminant (20) and the second spectrograph (30) and first, two bodys (10, 10 ') between, be also respectively arranged with first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 '), first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') one end is respectively with first, two bodys (10, 10 ') be connected and connect as one, first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') the other end arranges respectively isolated first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') light transmission piece of inner chamber and outside atmosphere (41), first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') on tube wall, arrange respectively and be communicated with first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') interface tube of tube chamber and pressure gas source (42), cooling module (15) is that the water-cooled tube that first and second body (10,10 ') folder chamber internal screw shape is arranged forms, the water-in and water-out mouth of pipe (14) being connected with water-cooled tube is set respectively on the outer tube wall of first and second body (10,10 '), and the gentle interface of the water-in and water-out mouth of pipe (14) (13) is separately positioned on the outside of flue A.
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| WO2015085893A1 (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-06-18 | 金隆铜业有限公司 | Automatic blowing control system for copper converter |
| CN104745838A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2015-07-01 | 大冶有色金属有限责任公司 | Blowing method of interchanging copper matte in imperfect stage of PS-converters |
| CN113033704A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-25 | 江西理工大学 | Intelligent judging method for copper converter converting copper making period end point based on pattern recognition |
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| CN113033704A (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2021-06-25 | 江西理工大学 | Intelligent judging method for copper converter converting copper making period end point based on pattern recognition |
| CN113033704B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2023-11-07 | 江西理工大学 | Intelligent judging method and system for copper converter converting copper-making final point based on pattern recognition |
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| CN103667741B (en) | 2015-04-22 |
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