CN103667741B - Copper converter converting control system - Google Patents
Copper converter converting control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103667741B CN103667741B CN201310682988.XA CN201310682988A CN103667741B CN 103667741 B CN103667741 B CN 103667741B CN 201310682988 A CN201310682988 A CN 201310682988A CN 103667741 B CN103667741 B CN 103667741B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a copper converter converting control system which comprises a slag forming end point detection unit and a copper forming end point detection unit, wherein the slag forming end point detection unit is used for online collecting characteristic spectrum emission intensity signals of PbO and PbS of the melt in a copper converter in the slag forming period; the copper forming end point detection unit is used for online collecting gas concentration signals of SO2 in flue gas in a copper converter gas duct A in the copper smelting period; a data processing unit is used for analyzing and processing the signals collected by the slag forming end point detection unit and the copper forming end point detection unit to judge whether the converting reaches the slag forming end point and the copper forming end point, and performs regulation and control to determine whether the blowing out is performed. The control system can accurately judge the slag forming end point and the copper forming end point, so that the phenomena including over-blowing, under blowing and the like can be avoided, the safety production of copper converter converting is ensured, and the efficiency of copper smelting is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to copper ore concentrates field of smelting, be specifically related to a kind of copper and bessemerize Controlling System.
Background technology
Copper Matte Converting mainly adopts PS to bessemerize technology, and current global mineral products blister copper 80% production capacity all adopts PS to bessemerize.A blowing refinement of the matte point cycle carries out, and be divided into slag forming period and copper making period, in slag forming period, blast air or oxygen-rich air from air port to melt in stove, by the stirring of air, the FeS in matte is oxidized, generates FeO and SO
2; FeO again with add flux in SiO
2carry out slag making reaction.Slag making reaction one terminates, temporarily out-of-blast, carries out deslagging operation.At copper making period, stay white matte in stove (mainly with Cu
2the form of S exists) react with the oxygen in the air blasted, generate blister copper and SO
2.
In Copper Matte Converting process, of crucial importance to the judgement of slag forming period and copper making period terminal, endpoint error several minutes will make follow-up process extend a few hours, has a strong impact on the efficiency of Copper making.As in slag forming period, slag over-blowing, can make FeO be oxidized to Fe further
3o
4, slag young blow, Fe is indivisible, easily generates Fe
3o
4, produce coppeferrite (Cu
2o.Fe
2o
3) all make slag type worsen, Copper in Slag raises, the Fe that viscosity is high simultaneously
3o
4compound is easily bonded in stove inwall, reduces furnace volume, and the throughput of copper converter is reduced; If over-blowing (old copper), high containing oxygen, long to the subsequent handling anode furnace operation recovery time, increase reduction gas consumption; If young blow (tender copper), sulfur-bearing is high, is that oxidization time is long to subsequent handling anode furnace j ob impact, increases gas-firing consumption.Meanwhile, all can reduce blister copper grade, affect blister copper quality.In addition, in the process of bessemerizing, the reaction of generation is all almost thermopositive reaction, is maintenance heat balance, must add cold burden in good time reduce temperature fluctuation, protect furnace lining and extend furnace li` according to furnace temperature change.But, at present bessemerize that method that endpoint adopts is hand sampling mostly about copper, range estimation slag specimen, copper sample changes and flame vibration, splashing spark changing conditions judge blow end point, the mensuration of furnace temperature is also take hand sampling to estimate its mobility, or observes burner hearth brightness.And hand sampling is easily by the mental status of operator and the impact of individual practical experience, cause that endpoint is inaccurate, hit rate is low, easily cause the potential safety hazard such as over-blowing, " black furnace " or " spray stove ".Hit rate is low simultaneously, needs repeated sampling, and force the body of heater that verts frequent, a large amount of smelting exhaust gas is arranged and caused atmospheric pollution from fire door, affects the healthy of operator.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of copper and bessemerize Controlling System, it can realize the accurate judgement of copper being bessemerized to slag making terminal in process, end point of copper forming period, avoid occurring the phenomenon such as over-blowing, young blow, ensure the safety in production that copper is bessemerized, improve the efficiency of Copper making.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A kind of copper bessemerizes Controlling System, and it is included in slag forming period online to the slag making end point determination unit that PbO and PbS characteristic spectral emissions strength signal in melt in copper converter gathers, and at copper making period online to the SO in copper converter flue A flue gas
2gas concentration signal carries out the end point of copper forming period detecting unit gathered, and the signal of the slag making of data processing unit analyzing and processing, the collection of end point of copper forming period detecting unit judges whether to arrive slag making, end point of copper forming period regulate and control whether blowing-out blowing;
End point of copper forming period detecting unit is arranged on the flue A wall of copper converter, comprise transmitting illuminant and second spectrograph of the relative two side place correspondence setting of flue A sustained height, second spectrograph carries out light-intensity test to the light after smoke absorption that transmitting illuminant sends, and the light intensity signal detected is transferred to data processing unit carry out analyzing and processing judge whether arrive end point of copper forming period.
Found by research, slag forming period close to terminal time, the PbS in copper converter starts oxidizing reaction and generates PbO, therefore accurately judges slag making terminal by detecting PbS, PbO change in concentration in copper converter slag-making smelting process; Copper making period melt major ingredient is Cu
2s, its smelting task is desulfurization, generates gas SO
2change in concentration is obvious.Shown by a large amount of production practice, between the copper making period blowing process, SO in flue gas
2concentration is approximately stabilized between 10 ~ 55%, and in the copper making period later stage, density loss is to the of short duration period region of sudden change and copper making period terminal, and concentration is between 0.8 ~ 1.2%.Therefore in the present invention by slag forming period to melt in copper converter in PbO and PbS and in copper making period is to copper converter flue A flue gas SO
2data gathering, the accurate judgement to slag making, end point of copper forming period can be realized, regulation and control blowing-out blowing, thus reach and avoid occurring the phenomenon such as over-blowing, young blow, ensure the safety in production that copper is bessemerized, improve the efficiency of Copper making.The signal of slag making end point determination unit collection indirectly or directly should can symbolize the change in concentration of PbO and PbS in melt.
In the present invention, are the characteristic spectral emissions strength signals utilizing slag making end point determination unit to gather PbO and PbS in copper converter melt during concrete operations, and the change in concentration that this strength signal direct reaction goes out PbO and PbS in melt finally can carry out the accurate judgement of slag making terminal according to the characteristic spectral emissions intensity variation curve intersection point of PbO, PbS.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the principle schematic of slag making end point determination unit;
Fig. 2 is the installment state schematic diagram of end point of copper forming period detecting unit;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of first and second body;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of first and second pipe connecting.
Fig. 5 is the result that the signal of data processing unit to the collection of slag making end point determination unit carries out analyzing and processing;
Fig. 6 is the result that the signal of data processing unit to the collection of end point of copper forming period detecting unit carries out analyzing and processing.
Embodiment
Copper provided by the invention bessemerizes Controlling System, it is included in slag forming period carries out signals collecting online slag making end point determination unit 50 to PbO and PbS characteristic spectral emissions intensity in melt in copper converter, and at copper making period online to the SO in copper converter flue A flue gas
2gas concentration signal carries out the end point of copper forming period detecting unit gathered, and the signal of the slag making of data processing unit analyzing and processing, the collection of end point of copper forming period detecting unit judges whether to arrive slag making, end point of copper forming period regulate and control whether blowing-out blowing.Data processing unit can be a computer and forms, the data of display analysis process and result, and whether operator can stop blowing according to result manual regulation, or automatically regulate whether stop blowing by computer regulating topworks.
Further, bessemerize in Controlling System at copper provided by the invention, also comprise and to melt temperature in copper converter, the temperature detecting unit of signals collecting is carried out to slag forming period, copper making period, the signal of data processing unit analyzing and processing temperature detecting unit collection also regulates and controls adding of cold burden, prevents the phenomenon of " black furnace " or " spray stove " from occurring and extending copper life of converter.
As shown in Figure 1, during concrete operations, slag making end point determination unit 50 is arranged on above copper converter mouth, it comprises the first visual telescope 51 connected successively, first spectrograph 52, PDA detector 53, DSP data collecting card 54, first spectrograph 52 carries out light splitting to the optical signal received, then the conversion of photosignal is completed by PDA detector 53, and then complete whole spectrum data gathering work by DSP data collecting card 54, communicate with data processing unit finally by RS232 serial ports, the spectroscopic data collected is sent to data processing unit to carry out analyzing and processing and judge whether to arrive slag making terminal.The wavelength region of the first spectrograph 52 is 495 ~ 628nm, and spectral resolution is 0.5nm.
Data processing unit is handled as follows the signal that slag making end point determination unit 50 detects: PbO, PbS characteristic spectral emissions strength signal detected by slag making end point determination unit 50 draws the light intensity curve generating PbO light intensity curve and PbS respectively under the same coordinate system, the X-coordinate of curvilinear coordinates is the time, ordinate zou is light intensity, as shown in Figure 5, judge whether two curves intersect, if intersected, then before and after this intersection point, the time interval of five minutes is between slag making outrun, carries out blowing-out blowing operation in this slag making outrun; Otherwise continue blowing slag-making operation.
End point of copper forming period detecting unit is arranged on the flue A wall of copper converter, comprise transmitting illuminant 20 and second spectrograph 30 of the relative two side place correspondence setting of flue A sustained height, the light intensity after smoke absorption that second spectrograph 30 pairs transmitting illuminant 20 sends detects, and the optical signal transmission detected is carried out analyzing and processing to data processing unit judges no arrival end point of copper forming period.Described transmitting illuminant 20 is deuterium lamp, and emission wavelength is the UV-light of 200nm ~ 260nm, and the second spectrograph 30 and the light intensity through smoke absorption after of data processing unit to this wave band carry out detection computations, as shown in Figure 2.
More specifically be operating as:
On the sidewall of flue A corresponding both sides first, two bodys 10, 10 ', first, two bodys 10, 10 ' to postpone layout along same beam path, this beam path becomes arranged crosswise with the flowing-path of flue gas in flue A, first, two bodys 10, 10 ' the body being positioned at flue A periphery is respectively arranged with for separating first, two bodys 10, the light transmission piece 41 of 10 ' inner chamber and outside atmosphere, the outside of two light transmission piece 41 arranges transmitting illuminant 20 and the second spectrograph 30 respectively, first, two bodys 10, 10 ' the pipe end mouth of pipe place extending to flue A inside arranges respectively and prevents dust in flue gas from entering first for spraying air curtain, two bodys 10, the valve 11 of 10 ' tube chamber, the gas flow and first that valve 11 sprays, two bodys 10, the axial arranged crosswise of 10 '.When the air curtain that light transmission piece 41 mainly prevents valve 11 from spraying is strong not, in flue A, flue gas enters first and second body 10,10 ' and overflows and pollute.The gas flow that valve 11 sprays axis perpendicular that is best and first and second body 10,10 ' is arranged, avoids the impact on flue gas to be measured, as shown in Figure 2.
For the flue gas of comparatively high temps, except the tube chamber that need prevent flue dust from entering first and second body 10,10 ', also need to consider that between high-temperature flue gas and first and second body 10,10 ', heat trnasfer is on the impact of laser measurement, first and second body 10,10 ' is drifted about by the propagation that can make to be positioned at the opticinstrument distortion of first and second body 10,10 ' two outer end and laser after heating, and affects measuring accuracy.Therefore in the present invention, first and second body 10,10 ' is double-layer tube wall structure, is provided with the cooling module 15 cooled first and second body 10,10 ' in the folder chamber that double-layer tube wall structure is formed.During concrete operations, cooling module 15 is that the water-cooled tube that first and second body 10,10 ' folder chamber internal screw shape is arranged is formed, the outer tube wall of first and second body 10,10 ' is arranged respectively the water-in and water-out mouth of pipe 14 be connected with water-cooled tube, the water-in and water-out mouth of pipe 14 is arranged on the outside of flue A.By the cooling effect of cooling module 15, eliminate the impact of high-temperature flue gas, ensure the accuracy measured.
As shown in Figure 3, further scheme is, valve 11 is that an interlayer shield is formed, the mouth of pipe that first and second body 10,10 ' is positioned at flue A is blocked camber or semicircle by shield, the air outlet of valve 11 is arranged along enclosing the shield edge forming arc or the semicircle mouth of pipe, and air outlet is connected with source of the gas and is connected.The inner chamber of two shield inside is connected with the folder chamber of first and second body 10,10 ' respectively and is integrated, the outer tube wall of first and second body 10,10 ' is arranged the gas interface 13 being communicated with folder chamber and source of the gas, the inner tubal wall of first and second body 10,10 ' is arranged and is communicated with first and second body 10,10 ' tube chamber and the through hole 12 pressing from both sides chamber.Gas interface 13 is arranged on the outside of flue A, and first and second body 10,10 ' mouth of pipe is blocked camber or semicircle, mainly ensures that the air curtain that valve 11 blows out can effectively prevent dust from entering the inner chamber of first and second body 10,10 '.Due in the specific implementation, it is too strong that air curtain should not be arranged, avoid air curtain on the impact of flue gas composition in flue A, the change of flue gas pressures and flow state in flue A, or the dust that may exist in partial fume breaks through air curtain and enters in first and second body 10,10 ' pipeline, therefore the through hole 12 by offering is communicated with folder chamber and the tube chamber of first and second body 10,10 ', enter first and second body 10,10 ' segment dislocation one local malleation like this, prevent dust from entering in first and second body 10,10 ' further.
After long-play, or must being detained certain dust in first and second body 10,10 ' is attached in transmissive mirror 41 or pipeline, have an impact to the projection of laser, therefore, the tube chamber of first and second body 10,10 ' is also connected with pressure gas source respectively and is connected.By the high pressure gas of pressure gas source the dust be detained in pipeline removed and to each assembly, as transmissive mirror cleans, avoid the impact on measuring accuracy.During concrete operations, can according to such as Fig. 3, scheme shown in 4 is carried out in real time, transmitting illuminant 20 and laser accept assembly 30 and first, two bodys 10, also first is respectively arranged with between 10 ', two pipe connectings 40, 40 ', first, two pipe connectings 40, one end of 40 ' is respectively with first, two bodys 10, 10 ' is connected connects as one, first, two pipe connectings 40, the other end of 40 ' arranges isolated first respectively, two pipe connectings 40, the light transmission piece 41 of 40 ' inner chamber and outside atmosphere, first, two pipe connectings 40, the tube wall of 40 ' arranges connection first respectively, two pipe connectings 40, the interface tube 42 of 40 ' tube chamber and pressure gas source.
Data processing unit is handled as follows the signal that end point of copper forming period detecting unit detects: SO in the flue gas gather end point of copper forming period detecting unit
2volumetric concentration signal be depicted as curve and show in real time.Work as SO
2volumetric concentration reaches between copper making period outrun, refers to SO in flue A flue gas between copper making period outrun
2volume concentration range is the period of 0.8% ~ 1.2%, then carry out blowing-out operation, otherwise continues to make copper converting, as shown in Figure 6;
End point of copper forming period signal gathering unit is divided into optics and electricity two parts, and opticator is made up of optical fiber and the second spectrograph 30; Electricity some work flow process is that the UV-light that sends of deuterium lamp (transmitting illuminant 20) is after measuring cell absorbs, the second spectrograph is entered by optical fiber, spectral signal after the second spectrograph 30 light splitting, detector gather, by serial ports, is input to inverting in industrial computer.Transmitting illuminant 20 adopts deuterium lamp, and spectral band is 185nm ~ 400nm, meets the needs of the 200nm ~ 260nm needed for measuring.Deuterium lamp direct-coupling inputs, and optical fiber exports.End point of copper forming period signal gathering unit in the present invention can adapt to SO in flue gas
2the fluctuation change of volumetric concentration, solves because of gordian technique difficult problems such as optical fiber repeatedly coupling efficiency is low, transmitting energy loss is large, signal weakening, data delays, overcomes common SO
2flue gas analyzing apparatus cannot adapt to converter operating mode problem for a long time, and concrete testing process is:
1, when inner flue gas of the stove is through measuring cell, the UV-irradiation that light source is launched is on tested gas, and wherein the light of 200nm ~ 260nm wavelength is by SO
2gas absorption.
2, after the ultraviolet signal after absorbing carries out light splitting by the beam splitting system that optical fiber is sent in spectrograph, outgoing spectrum presses wavelength reception by photodiode array, is amplified and gathered by capture card by prime amplifier.
3, finally after mould/number transforms, input computer to process, obtain SO in inner flue gas of the stove
2volumetric concentration.
Temperature detecting unit is arranged on above copper converter mouth, and temperature detecting unit is double color infrared temperature measuring instrument, and this temperature measurer comprises color comparison temperature measurement probe, the temperature-measuring range of temperature measurer: 600 ~ 2000 DEG C.Converter copper metallurgy melt temperature is high and stir violent in converting process, Gao Chen, flies slag, and traditional thermometric cannot continuous detecting.The present invention is according to twocolor thermometry, double color infrared ray device with Automatic clearance function is arranged on correct position above fire door, chain control that temperature probe stretches and body of heater verts, avoid the copper ashes adhesive power because splashing in burner hearth to define the firm waste residue layer of one deck at detecting head surface and cause gathering that hole diminishes gradually, signal dies down gradually, improve service life of equipment and reduce maintenance cost.
Adopt double color infrared temperature measuring instrument, namely double-color detector measures the energy of two infrared spectras, its ratio determination target temperature.Separately because measuring result is near the top temperature measured in visual field, instead of medial temperature, therefore bicolorimetric method thermometric can install farther, be suitable for the measurement to copper converter melt temperature.
In a word, copper provided by the invention bessemerizes Controlling System, it can realize bessemerizing slag making terminal in process, the accurate judgement of end point of copper forming period and the accurate control of furnace temperature to copper, avoid occurring the phenomenons such as over-blowing, black furnace, spray stove, ensure the safety in production that copper is bessemerized, improve the efficiency of Copper making.
Claims (9)
1. copper bessemerizes a Controlling System, and it is included in slag forming period online to the slag making end point determination unit (50) that PbO and PbS characteristic spectral emissions strength signal in melt in copper converter gathers, and at copper making period online to the SO in copper converter flue A flue gas
2gas concentration signal carries out the end point of copper forming period detecting unit gathered, and the signal of the slag making of data processing unit analyzing and processing, the collection of end point of copper forming period detecting unit judges whether to arrive slag making, end point of copper forming period regulate and control whether blowing-out blowing;
End point of copper forming period detecting unit is arranged on the flue A wall of copper converter, comprise transmitting illuminant (20) and second spectrograph (30) of the relative two side place correspondence setting of flue A sustained height, second spectrograph (30) carries out light-intensity test to the light after smoke absorption that transmitting illuminant (20) sends, and the light intensity signal detected is transferred to data processing unit carry out analyzing and processing judge whether arrive end point of copper forming period.
2. copper as claimed in claim 1 bessemerizes Controlling System, it is characterized in that: be also included in slag forming period, copper making period carries out the temperature detecting unit of signals collecting to melt temperature in copper converter, the signal of data processing unit analyzing and processing temperature detecting unit collection also regulates and controls adding of cold burden.
3. copper as claimed in claim 1 bessemerizes Controlling System, it is characterized in that: slag making end point determination unit (50) is arranged on above copper converter mouth, it comprises the first visual telescope (51) connected successively, first spectrograph (52), PDA detector (53), DSP data collecting card (54), first spectrograph (52) carries out light splitting to the optical signal received, then photoelectric signal transformation is completed by PDA detector (53), and then complete whole spectrum data gathering work by DSP data collecting card (54), and the spectroscopic data collected is sent to data processing unit and carries out analyzing and processing and judge whether to arrive slag making terminal.
4. copper as claimed in claim 2 bessemerizes Controlling System, and it is characterized in that: temperature detecting unit is arranged on above copper converter mouth, temperature detecting unit is double color infrared temperature measuring instrument.
5. copper as claimed in claim 1 bessemerizes Controlling System, it is characterized in that: on the sidewall of flue A corresponding both sides first, two bodys (10, 10 '), first, two bodys (10, 10 ') to postpone layout along same beam path, this beam path becomes arranged crosswise with the flowing-path of flue gas in flue A, first, two bodys (10, 10 ') body being positioned at flue A periphery is respectively arranged with for separating first, two bodys (10, 10 ') light transmission piece (41) of inner chamber and outside atmosphere, the outside of two light transmission piece (41) arranges transmitting illuminant (20) and the second spectrograph (30) respectively, first, two bodys (10, 10 ') the pipe end mouth of pipe place extending to flue A inside arranges respectively and prevents dust in flue gas from entering first for spraying air curtain, two bodys (10, 10 ') valve (11) of tube chamber, the gas flow and first that valve (11) sprays, two bodys (10, 10 ') axial arranged crosswise.
6. copper as claimed in claim 5 bessemerizes Controlling System, it is characterized in that: valve (11) is that an interlayer shield is formed, the mouth of pipe that first and second body (10,10 ') is positioned at flue A is blocked camber or semicircle by shield, the air outlet of valve (11) is arranged along enclosing the shield edge forming arc or the semicircle mouth of pipe, and air outlet is connected with source of the gas and is connected.
7. the copper as described in claim 5 or 6 bessemerizes Controlling System, it is characterized in that: first and second body (10,10 ') is double-layer tube wall structure, in the folder chamber that double-layer tube wall structure is formed, be provided with the cooling module (15) that first and second body (10,10 ') is cooled.
8. copper as claimed in claim 7 bessemerizes Controlling System, it is characterized in that: the inner chamber of two shield inside is connected with the folder chamber of first and second body (10,10 ') respectively and is integrated, the outer tube wall of first and second body (10,10 ') is arranged the gas interface (13) being communicated with folder chamber and source of the gas, the inner tubal wall of first and second body (10,10 ') is arranged and is communicated with first and second body (10,10 ') tube chamber and the through hole (12) pressing from both sides chamber.
9. copper as claimed in claim 7 bessemerizes Controlling System, it is characterized in that: the tube chamber of first and second body (10,10 ') is also connected with pressure gas source respectively and is connected, transmitting illuminant (20) and the second spectrograph (30) and first, two bodys (10, 10 ') also first is respectively arranged with between, two pipe connectings (40, 40 '), first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') one end is respectively with first, two bodys (10, 10 ') be connected and connect as one, first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') the other end arranges isolated first respectively, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') light transmission piece (41) of inner chamber and outside atmosphere, first, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') tube wall arranges connection first respectively, two pipe connectings (40, 40 ') interface tube (42) of tube chamber and pressure gas source, the water-cooled tube that cooling module (15) is arranged for first and second body (10,10 ') folder chamber internal screw shape is formed, the outer tube wall of first and second body (10,10 ') is arranged respectively the water-in and water-out mouth of pipe (14) be connected with water-cooled tube, the water-in and water-out mouth of pipe (14) gentle interface (13) is separately positioned on the outside of flue A.
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CN103667740B (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2015-07-01 | 金隆铜业有限公司 | Automatic control system for copper converter converting |
CN104745838B (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-06-01 | 大冶有色金属有限责任公司 | A kind of PS-converter incomplete phase exchanges the blowing refinement of the matte method |
CN113033704B (en) * | 2021-04-22 | 2023-11-07 | 江西理工大学 | Intelligent judging method and system for copper converter converting copper-making final point based on pattern recognition |
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