CN1036673C - 带底部掏槽的切割刀头 - Google Patents
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- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000639 Spring steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/19—Means for fixing picks or holders
- E21C35/197—Means for fixing picks or holders using sleeves, rings or the like, as main fixing elements
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
- E21C35/18—Mining picks; Holders therefor
- E21C35/188—Mining picks; Holders therefor characterised by adaptations to use an extraction tool
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21C—MINING OR QUARRYING
- E21C35/00—Details of, or accessories for, machines for slitting or completely freeing the mineral from the seam, not provided for in groups E21C25/00 - E21C33/00, E21C37/00 or E21C39/00
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Abstract
一种带底部掏槽的切割刀头(10)具有一个具有坚硬耐磨插芯(28)的顶尖(26)的圆锥形鼻(12)和一个整体伸出的圆柱形柄(14),其特征是:该圆锥鼻还包括一个位于顶尖和柄部之间并具有比柄部大的直径的凸缘(24),该凸缘具有一个平底面(30),其上开有至少一条从凸缘的外周面沿径向向内延伸的底掏槽(34),以便与切割刀头座(20)的端面共同形成一个用于插入切割刀头取出工具楔尖的阻挡面。
Description
本发明涉及一种开矿和施工操作用的切割刀头。更具体点说,本发明涉及一种具有抽取用底掏槽的旋转切割刀头(或钻头),该底掏槽用来使切割刀头容易从切割刀头座的孔中取出。
人们熟知开矿和施工操作用的各种式样的旋转切割刀头。例如用于开矿和施工操作的一种普通式样的旋转切割刀头具有一个一般为圆锥形的工作头,其上用铜焊固定着一个沿轴向设置的烧结碳化钨的插芯(镶齿),有一刀柄从圆锥形工作头上伸出插入到一个切割刀头座的孔内。
在开矿和施工的操作中,切割刀头一般用在具有动力驱动刀具盘的机械内。动力驱动盘装在一根水平轴上致使盘平面垂直设置。该盘在其周边上设有一圈切割刀头,这些刀头装在多个可夹持硬质合金镶尖切割刀头的固定的切割刀头座内。切割刀头座一般具有一个圆柱形的孔。切割刀头一般以切向装在支承盘的周缘上,使当该盘环绕其轴线旋转时,在垂直平面内运转的切割刀头可从水平方向冲击到要破碎的材料上。
用在施工机械上的切割刀头座和切割刀头的范例见美国专利4,201,421号。该专利所公开的切割刀头在其几乎整个柄部上有一圆筒状的弹簧套筒,其上在整个长度上延伸着一条槽。切割刀头在安装时首先将柄部插入到切割刀头座的孔内,使弹簧套筒摩擦地与孔的内壁接合,将切割刀头保持在盘缘的工作位置上。当施工机械运转时,切割刀头冲击在所要加工的材料上,使它破裂成为小的碎片。而当切割刀头反复冲击所要加工的材料时,某些小的材料碎片可能会跑到切割刀头和相应的切割刀头座之间,从而将切割刀头楔紧在切割刀头座的孔内,阻碍切割刀头自由转动,以及阻碍根据需要将切割刀头从刀头座中取出。被挤压在刀头座和切割刀头之间的小的材料碎片所造成的后果是将切割刀头从刀头座中取出将很困难(虽然并不是不可能),因此必然会增加机械的停工时间和费用。
以前曾用带有楔尖的取出工具驱入到圆锥形切割头和刀头座之间,以便使刀头从刀头座中撬出。但是,因为松散的材料碎片在圆锥形切割头和刀头座的周围卡得很紧,往往在圆锥形切割头和刀头座之间没有足够的间隙可供取出工具插入到其内。
为了缓解上述困难,我们发明了一种具有工作头和从基个伸出的支承柄的圆锥形带凸缘的切割刀头。在工作头的底部设有整体形成的底掏槽。该底掏槽允许切割刀头的取出工具自由插入,从而可有助于从承窝架中取出切割刀头。在一较优的实施例中,该底掏槽具有对向的三角形切口,以便在将刀头取出工具插入到切割刀头和切割刀头座之间的底掏槽内时提供可变的阻挡面。
因此,本发明的目的是提供一种在圆锥形凸缘底部设有底掏槽,以便接纳刀头取出工具的,带圆锥形凸缘的切割刀头,而且该切割刀头制造简单且成本低。
按照本发明提供的一种可旋转的切割刀头,它具有一个具有坚硬耐磨插芯的顶尖的圆锥形鼻和一个整体伸出的圆柱形柄,其特征在于:所说的圆锥形鼻还包括一个位于所说顶尖和所说柄部之间并具有比所说柄部大的直径的凸缘,所说凸缘具有一个坐落在一个刀头座的一个对向端面上的平底面,所说平底面开有至少一条从所说凸缘的外周面沿径向向内延伸到离开所说柄部一个间隔距离的底掏槽。
在一优选实施例中,底掏槽以对向的成对关系被间隔安排在切割刀头的凸缘部的平底面上。底掏槽从凸缘平底面的外周边沿径向向内延伸,从而形成具有一个曲线斜边的三角形底掏槽,该曲线的曲率与凸缘外周的曲率相同。
在一优选实施例中,底掏槽从凸缘的平底面向上朝切割刀头的圆锥鼻的方向倾斜。底掏槽向上倾斜的角度以一横断切割刀头纵轴线的直线为准约为15度。
本发明还考虑将上面说明的切割刀头和用来可旋转地夹持该切割刀头的刀头座结合起来。底掏槽和刀头座的端面配合,在它们之间提供可变的对向的阻挡面,以便接纳切割刀头取出工具的楔尖。
从下面结合附图的详细说明可清楚地了解到本发明的另外一些特征和其他目的。在附图中:
图1为封装在切割刀头座内的按照本发明的圆锥形切割刀片的局部侧视图,
图2为图1的圆锥形切割刀头的端视图,
图3为图2的圆锥形切割刀头的透视图,以及
图4为按照本发明的另一目的的圆锥形切割刀头的透视图。
在附图中相同标号用来表示各图中的相似零件。图1示出按照本发明的可旋转的带凸缘的切割刀头10,该刀头被安装在刀头座20的孔18内,而该刀头座可连结到本行业熟知型式的开矿或施工机械的转鼓上。可旋转的带凸缘的切割刀头10包括一个工作头,其上有一个一般为圆锥形的鼻部12和一个具有直径减小的截面的伸出的柄部14,该柄部适于接纳本行业熟知型式的开环式弹簧保持器16。
切割刀头10的柄部14被插入到刀头座20上所形成的孔18内。柄部14具有圆形的接截面并与圆锥形鼻部12构成一个整体而从其上伸下。柄部14在切削刀头的后端和圆锥形鼻部12之间的中部设有一个环状的凹槽22。开环式保持器16就放在这个环状凹槽内,并可滑动地配合在刀头座20的孔18内。
如图1所示,切割刀头10和弹簧保持器16被充分地插入到刀头座20的孔18内,并且切割刀头已准备好可立即用来发挥所需功能。弹簧套保持器16松驰地抱在切割刀头10的柄部14上,从而可使切割刀头的下边与刀头座20的一个平的支承面维持齐平。当前面说过的刀具盘旋转时,弹簧套保持器16可强有力地压持在孔18的内表面上,从而阻止切割刀头10的轴向移动。
开口的弹簧保持器16在纵长方向上开缝并且最好用弹性金属制成,例如用AISI1050弹簧钢热处理到洛氏硬度C45-50。开口的弹簧保持器16在缩拢时应有足够的弹性,以便产生适当的夹持力,从而当将该保持器环绕切割刀头而放在孔18内时,可使弹簧保持器保持就位。
如图1-4所示,切割刀头10的圆锥形鼻部12包括一个凸缘24和顶尖26。切割刀头10的圆锥形鼻部12从切割刀头的顶尖26开始向后扩大到位于圆锥形鼻部的顶尖和切割刀头的柄部14之间的凸缘24。装在切割刀头10的顶尖26之内的为一插芯(镶齿)28。该插芯28最好由烧结金属碳化物如钻钨碳化物制成,但也可用适合切割刀头10所希求目的的其他材料制成。插芯28的形状可如图上所示或采用任何其他已知的插芯形状或组成,例如美国专利4,725,098;4,497,520;4,859,543等号所举的例子。
切割刀头10的凸缘24具有沿径向向外伸展到圆锥形鼻部12的顶尖26之外的一般的截锥形状,并终止在一个平底面30上。应该懂得,切削刀头10的凸缘24可以保护刀头座20的端面32,使它免被工作面擦伤而致早期磨损。在凸缘24的平底面30内制有底掏槽或凹槽34,以便接纳本行业熟知型式的两股尖取出工具的叉尖。
虽然本发明示出的带凸缘切割刀头10具有开口保持器16,但应该知道本发明对于采用不同保持器系统的其他型式的切削刀头同样也可方便地应用。例如,本发明的做法同样可以应用在Ken-nametal公司所出售的采用短保持器的U94KHD的切割刀头上。因此,将带凸缘切割刀头安装在刀头座内的保持器的式样或带凸缘切削刀头的型式都不会限制本发明的实施。
当将切割刀头封装在刀头座内时,底掏槽或凹槽34几乎可是任何形状或尺寸,只要适合在带凸缘切割刀头10的平底面30和刀头座的端面32之间提供一个孔眼即可。如图1-3所示,底掏槽34是从凸缘24的底面的外周边沿径向向内延伸,从而形成三角形的底掏槽,其中三角形的斜边36与凸缘的周边一致,与该周边具有相同的曲率。底掏槽34的顶面38从凸缘24的底平面30向上朝着切割刀头10的圆锥鼻12的方向倾斜。底掏槽34向上倾斜的角度以切割刀头10的底平面30为准可约为15度。在将取出工具的楔尖插入到在刀头座和切割刀头之间形成的孔眼内时,底掏槽34的倾斜面在底掏槽和刀头座20的端面32之间提供一个可变的对向的阻挡面。
本发明另一种可替代的实施例如图4所示,底掏槽或凹槽34可为具有平的顶面38的一般弓形。
底掏槽34环绕凸缘24的底面设置使当刀头切割工作面时有足够的表面积能将旋转的刀头10均匀地支承在刀头座20的对向的平端面32上。如图3和4所示,底掏槽34都按相互间隔开的对向成对关系被安排在切割刀头10的凸缘24的底平面。
在将切割刀头10插入到刀头座20的孔18内时,凸缘24的底平面牢固地座落在刀头座的对向端面32上。底掏槽34与刀头座20的端面32配合形成一个孔眼,可供刀头取出工具的楔尖自由插入,以便从刀头座中抽出刀头而不致损坏切割刀头的承窝架。
本文提及的文件、专利和专利申请均通过引用结合在本申请中。
上面说明了本发明目前优选的实施例,应该理解在所附权利要求的范围内本发明还可用其他方式来实施。
Claims (9)
1.一种可旋转的带底部掏槽的切割刀头,它具有一个具有坚硬耐磨雪插芯的顶尖的圆锥形鼻和一个整体伸出的圆柱形柄,其特征在于:所说的圆锥形鼻还包括一个位于所说顶尖和所说柄部之间并具有比所说柄部大的直径的凸缘,所说凸缘具有一个坐落在一个刀头座的一个对向端面上的平底面,所说平底面开有至少一条从所说凸缘的外周面沿径向向内延伸到离开所说柄部一个间隔距离的底掏槽。
2.按照权利要求1的切割刀头,其特征在于,所说底掏槽为一具有平的顶面的一般弓形。
3.按照权利要求2的切割刀头,其特征在于,所说底掏槽包括一对按对向成对关系间隔分布在切割刀头所说凸缘的所说平底面的底掏槽。
4.按照权利要求3的切割刀头,其特征在于,所说凸缘具有一个圆形的外周。
5.按照权利要求1的切割刀头,其特征在于,所说底掏槽包括一对按对向成对关系间隔分布在切割刀头所说凸缘的所说平底面的底掏槽。
6.按照权利要求5的切割刀头,其特征在于,所说底掏槽从所说凸缘的所说平底面的外周边沿径向向内延伸,从而形成三角形的底掏槽,该三角形的斜边与凸缘的周边一致并具有与该周边相同的曲率。
7.按照权利要求6的切割刀头,其特征在于,所说底掏槽从所说凸缘的平底面向上朝着切割刀头的所说圆锥鼻的方向倾斜。
8.按照权利要求7的切割刀头,其特征在于,所说底掏槽向上倾斜的角度以所说凸缘的下底面为准约为15度。
9.按照权利要求8的切割刀头,其特征在于,所说凸缘具有沿径向向外伸展到圆锥鼻的顶尖之外的一般截锥形,并终止在一个后端平面上。
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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US08/053,114 | 1993-04-26 | ||
US08/053,114 US5374111A (en) | 1993-04-26 | 1993-04-26 | Extraction undercut for flanged bits |
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Publication Number | Publication Date |
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CN1115994A CN1115994A (zh) | 1996-01-31 |
CN1036673C true CN1036673C (zh) | 1997-12-10 |
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CN94190843A Expired - Lifetime CN1036673C (zh) | 1993-04-26 | 1994-03-22 | 带底部掏槽的切割刀头 |
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US (1) | US5374111A (zh) |
EP (1) | EP0695393B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2649609B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR960702048A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1036673C (zh) |
AT (1) | ATE189913T1 (zh) |
AU (1) | AU675315B2 (zh) |
BR (1) | BR9405772A (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2151830C (zh) |
DE (2) | DE695393T1 (zh) |
FI (1) | FI952316A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL173146B1 (zh) |
RU (1) | RU2101493C1 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO1994025734A1 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA942897B (zh) |
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CN101175895B (zh) * | 2004-11-26 | 2010-05-05 | 维特根有限公司 | 刀座 |
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Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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- 1994-03-22 WO PCT/US1994/003078 patent/WO1994025734A1/en active IP Right Grant
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- 1994-03-22 AT AT94912834T patent/ATE189913T1/de not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1994-03-22 BR BR9405772A patent/BR9405772A/pt not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1994-03-22 CA CA002151830A patent/CA2151830C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-22 JP JP6524254A patent/JP2649609B2/ja not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 1994-03-22 EP EP94912834A patent/EP0695393B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-22 RU RU95119836A patent/RU2101493C1/ru active
- 1994-03-22 KR KR1019950704540A patent/KR960702048A/ko active IP Right Grant
- 1994-03-22 PL PL94311270A patent/PL173146B1/pl unknown
- 1994-03-22 DE DE69423099T patent/DE69423099T2/de not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1994-03-22 AU AU65225/94A patent/AU675315B2/en not_active Expired
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Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
RU2101493C1 (ru) | 1998-01-10 |
FI952316A (fi) | 1995-08-15 |
US5374111A (en) | 1994-12-20 |
PL173146B1 (pl) | 1998-01-30 |
BR9405772A (pt) | 1995-11-28 |
ZA942897B (en) | 1995-01-04 |
EP0695393A4 (en) | 1998-08-26 |
JP2649609B2 (ja) | 1997-09-03 |
DE69423099T2 (de) | 2000-09-14 |
ATE189913T1 (de) | 2000-03-15 |
DE695393T1 (de) | 1996-10-10 |
KR960702048A (ko) | 1996-03-28 |
FI952316A0 (fi) | 1995-05-12 |
WO1994025734A1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
JPH08500869A (ja) | 1996-01-30 |
PL311270A1 (en) | 1996-02-05 |
EP0695393B1 (en) | 2000-02-23 |
AU675315B2 (en) | 1997-01-30 |
EP0695393A1 (en) | 1996-02-07 |
AU6522594A (en) | 1994-11-21 |
DE69423099D1 (de) | 2000-03-30 |
CN1115994A (zh) | 1996-01-31 |
CA2151830A1 (en) | 1994-11-10 |
CA2151830C (en) | 1997-12-30 |
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