CN103664197A - Novel extrusion clay tile roller way type quick drying and horizontal quick firing process - Google Patents
Novel extrusion clay tile roller way type quick drying and horizontal quick firing process Download PDFInfo
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- CN103664197A CN103664197A CN201310631921.3A CN201310631921A CN103664197A CN 103664197 A CN103664197 A CN 103664197A CN 201310631921 A CN201310631921 A CN 201310631921A CN 103664197 A CN103664197 A CN 103664197A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel extrusion clay tile roller way type quick drying and horizontal quick firing process which comprises the following steps: mixing materials; extruding and compacting; drying; firing. High-viscosity clay is added with 25%-50% of a water-insoluble rigid material convenient for achieving quick drying and quick firing; a drying kiln is about 60 meters in full length, totally has 28 sections, and is divided into 3 regions for sectional control; a monolayer roller way kiln is used in a firing process, is about 160 meters in full length, has 16 sections each being 10 meters, and is divided into 3 regions for control. According to the novel process, a horizontal quick drying technology of a drying frame for monolayer control of a multi-layer roller way type drying kiln and a high-temperature horizontal quick firing technology of the roller way kiln are adopted, so that the clay tile production cycle is greatly shortened and the product quality is improved.
Description
Technical field
Dry and the firing process that the present invention relates to a kind of roof clay tile, especially relates to the horizontal rapid drying of a kind of extrusion-type roof clay tile roller-way and the horizontal novel process of burning till fast.
Background technology
From in since the history of state-owned manufacture potlery tile, its drying process is all nature and dry at a slow speed, is substantially all natural air drying and sun drying before the sixties, adopts that down-draft kiln is vertical to be burnt till, Here it is traditional Chinese style potlery tile.People started to utilize waste heat to be dried unbaked tile afterwards, had just had tunnel type multiple-layer drying plant, had greatly improved production efficiency, and time of drying from being reduced in 60 hours before for 7 days above.Japan has had tunnel type multiple-layer to be dried and the vertical firing technology of tunnel furnace afterwards again, Italy has had layered tunnel type to be dried and the horizontal firing production line of multi-layer tunnel kiln, its time of drying, firing time was all more than 8 hours all more than 35 hours, and its high dry temperature is controlled at below 80 ℃.Existing roof clay tile drying mode is to adopt tunnel drying oven, and unbaked tile overlays on kiln car, and every unbaked tile on kiln car has bracing frame to fix, and is evaporated the moisture of unbaked tile on kiln car when kiln car passes through tunnel drying oven by dry kiln internal recycle warm air.Dry and the vertical firing technology of tunnel furnace of existing tunnel type multiple-layer and tunnel type multiple-layer is dry and the horizontal firing technology of multi-layer tunnel kiln all exists following point: all will have corresponding bracing frame to support when unbaked tile is placed in kiln car, a watt type is restricted; Tunnel furnace can only be by regulating the hot blast amount of sending into and exhaust air rate control internal temperature, humidity, cannot segmentation, merogenesis controls, and also there is temperature head in levels, and upper strata temperature is higher than lower floor temperature, easily cracks and is out of shape; Dry longer with firing time, production efficiency is low.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve in prior art, the problem that tunnel type multiple-layer is dry and the existence of tunnel furnace firing technology is dry and firing time is long, production efficiency is low and easily crack and be out of shape, the invention provides a kind of extrusion-type roof clay tile roller bed type rapid drying and the horizontal novel process of burning till fast.
The technical scheme that technical solution problem of the present invention adopts is: a kind of extrusion-type roof clay tile roller bed type rapid drying and the horizontal novel process of burning till fast, its technical process comprises burden process, extrudes pressed compact operation, drying process and firing process.Burden process is divided into composition of raw materials and Raw material processing two portions, during composition of raw materials, can guarantee that unbaked tile is difficult on the basis of broken needed fundamental strength, take into full account unbaked tile in rapid drying and in sintering process, have good ventilation property fast, guarantee dry fast dewatering and burn till Quick Oxidation exhaust, also will have less shrinking percentage and lower water-intake rate.Will use the clay of high viscosity like this, and add the water-fast ridge material of being convenient to realize rapid drying and burning till fast, the add-on of ridge material is 25%-50%.Concrete distribution is to use 2 kinds of the kaolin of high-ductility, and accounting for 40%-50% in formula is yellow mud and grey white clay, forms skeleton; In use, the red soil of plasticity is a kind of, allows it have certain plasticity, ripe hot temperature degree consumption placed in the middle 10% left and right; With the low temperature red soil of the better plasticity of 1-2 kind, serve as stopping composition, in extruding and burning till, fill up the space in the middle of the skeleton that kaolin forms, increase the density of unbaked tile, consumption approximately 30%; By the middle high temperature sand of weathering, guarantee that base substrate, dry and burn till middle total amount and be no more than 9% contraction, controls the grain composition of sand simultaneously, 30-80 order particle accounts for 60% left and right; 80-120 order, in 40% left and right, is therefore controlled the contraction of formula and breathes freely, and realizes rapid drying, the object of burning till fast.The key of Raw material processing is that pair roller grinds and fully stirs.
Drying process will be used multilayer roller bed type in dry kiln, and dry kiln divides multilayer, totally 28 saves, every layer, the independent control of every joint.Unbaked tile is from extruding the moulding of pressed compact operation, then with drying rack, flat sleeping the holding of unbaked tile is placed on conveying belt, is transported to multilayer roller bed type dry kiln and is dried.Drying rack is to design respectively according to different watt types, mainly solve different watts of type unbaked tile each faces of bottom and point of suppon not at grade, the problem that can not walk smoothly on the roller-way of dry kiln, another effect of drying rack is to support arch unbaked tile, makes the soft paste of extruding compacting not because deadweight produces distortion.Unbaked tile supports and to enter roller bed type dry kiln when dry with drying rack, the Negative Pressure Difference forming in order to reduce horizontal unbaked tile upper and lower surface strong convection, do not affect that upper and lower surface is synchronously heated, the problem of synchronous, in the situation that not affecting drying rack function, as much as possible some ventilating pits of opening make unbaked tile bottom form convection channel more.Roller bed type dry kiln divides some layers, and every layer of independent drying control of difference now be take individual layer as example specific descriptions drying process.Approximately 60 meters of dry kiln total lengths, totally 28 save, divide 3 to distinguish section control, the 1st district is middle temperature high humidity heating zone, divide 9 joints to control, temperature is heated to 80 ℃ of left and right by 9 saving 80 minutes gradually from normal temperature, and surface is less than 10 ℃ with the center temperature difference, make space humidity keep 60%-90%, space humidity adopts the mode of controlling high humidity gas row side amount to realize.Dewing unbaked tile heating in the situation that keeping the certain humidity in space like this, unbaked tile can not cause tiling cracking too soon because of thermal dehydration.The 2nd Wei Zhongwen drying zone, district, divide 11 joints to control, temperature is heated to 110 ℃ gradually from 80 ℃ of left and right by 11 saving 90 minutes, surface is less than 10 ℃ with the center temperature difference, space humidity is reduced gradually from 90%-30%, reducing space humidity adopts the mode of injecting heated dry air and discharging water vapor to realize, use middle pressure, middle high temperature, middle humidity gas, by mechanical fan, pressurize on unbaked tile, lower surface is synchronously to blowing heating, reach the air pressure on unbaked tile surface lower than space and unbaked tile air pressure inside, created unbaked tile internal moisture fast to the physical environment of external diffusion, realize fast dewatering.The 3rd district is high temperature dehydration district, through rising after gently dried of above Liang Ge district, unbaked tile moisture has been less than 10%, and unbaked tile surface and core temperature are basic identical, all reach 100 ℃ of left and right, now use high temperature, the hot gas flow of low humidity heats unbaked tile, make it to reach fast and be heated, the object of fast dewatering.High temperature dehydration is distinguished 8 joints and is controlled, temperature is heated to 180 ℃ of left and right gradually from 110 ℃ of left and right by 8 saving 70 minutes, with high temperature, low humidity gas, by mechanical fan, pressurize to the upper and lower surface of unbaked tile synchronously to blowing heating, reach the air pressure on unbaked tile surface lower than space and unbaked tile air pressure inside, created unbaked tile internal moisture fast to the physical environment of external diffusion, made the moisture rapid diffusion in unbaked tile realize fast dewatering.After heating by 3 districts and dehydration, again through cooling, unbaked tile drying process completes.
Firing process is used individual layer roller kiln, and kiln is always about 160 meters, minute 16 joints, and every joint is 10 meters.The problem of walking on the roller rod in kiln smoothly for solving irregular unbaked tile, unbaked tile held up with backing plate respectively before entering kiln, and backing plate is made with the material of high temperature resistant and good heat conductivity.With individual layer roller kiln burning composition, 3 districts control, Wei Zhongwen heating zone, first district, and minute 6 joints are controlled, and temperature is heated to 750 ℃ of left and right gradually from normal temperature.Second district is high-temperature zone, and minute 5 joints are controlled, and temperature is heated to 1190 ℃ of left and right gradually from 750 ℃ of left and right.San Ge district is quench zone, and minute 5 joints are controlled, and the 1st joint in quench zone carries out strong convection heat exchange, the high temperature of 1190 ℃ of left and right is plunged to 650 ℃ of left and right, through 4 joints, be down to gradually 150 ℃ of left and right again, finally by output finished product after the powerful cooling of roller platform, sintering process completed in 90 minutes.Below while burning till in roller kiln due to unbaked tile, be lined with backing plate, although backing plate is to make with the high material of high temperature heat-resistant conductivity, but can have influence on synchronous that unbaked tile upper and lower surface is heated, burn till unbaked tile top and bottom while heating and can produce the temperature difference.In order to solve the be heated problem of the temperature difference of the top and bottom that cause because of backing plate, just the nozzles of kiln bottom are arranged larger than the hot strength on kiln top, by regulating the combustion heating amount of the upper and lower nozzles of kiln, make temperature below kiln roller-way higher than the temperature above kiln roller-way, make up the unbaked tile bottom causing because of the backing plate problem slow compared with top of being heated.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: due to a kind of extrusion-type roof clay tile roller bed type rapid drying of the present invention and the horizontal novel process of burning till fast, adopted multilayer roller bed type dry kiln individual layer to control by the horizontal quick drying technology of drying rack and roller kiln high-temperature horizontal quick sintering technology of ultra, significantly shorten the roof clay tile production cycle, improved quality product.
Embodiment
A kind of extrusion-type roof clay tile roller bed type rapid drying and the horizontal novel process of burning till fast, first carry out Raw material processing, use clay and the water-fast ridge material of being convenient to realize rapid drying and burning till fast of high viscosity, the add-on of ridge material is 25%-50%, by abundant stirring and pair roller, grind pressure, clay and ridge material are evenly mixed.Concrete distribution is to use 2 kinds of the kaolin of high-ductility, and accounting for 40%-50% in formula is yellow mud and grey white clay, forms skeleton; In use, the red soil of plasticity is a kind of, allows it have certain plasticity, ripe hot temperature degree consumption placed in the middle 10% left and right; With the low temperature red soil of the better plasticity of 1-2 kind, serve as stopping composition, in extruding and burning till, fill up the space in the skeleton that kaolin forms, increase the density of base, consumption approximately 30%; By the middle high temperature sand of weathering, guarantee that base substrate, dry and burn till middle total amount and be no more than 9% contraction, controls the grain composition of sand simultaneously, 30-80 order particle accounts for 60% left and right; 80-120 order is in 40% left and right.After Raw material processing completes, send into forcing machine and press compression moulding unbaked tile, then with drying rack, flat sleeping the holding of unbaked tile is placed on conveying belt, be transported to multilayer roller bed type dry kiln and be dried.Drying rack is to design respectively according to different watt types, mainly solve different watts of type unbaked tile each faces of bottom and point of suppon not at grade, the problem that can not move smoothly on the roller-way of dry kiln, another effect of drying rack is to support arch unbaked tile, and the soft paste that makes to extrude compacting produces slight vibrations not because of deadweight and while shifting and produces distortion.Unbaked tile supports and to enter roller bed type dry kiln when dry with drying rack, the Negative Pressure Difference forming in order to reduce horizontal unbaked tile upper and lower surface strong convection, do not affect that upper and lower surface is synchronously heated, the problem of synchronous, in the situation that not affecting drying rack function, some ventilating pits of opening of energy make unbaked tile bottom form convection channel more to the greatest extent.Multilayer roller bed type dry kiln divides some layers, totally 28 saves, and every layer of independent drying control of every joint difference now be take individual layer as example specific descriptions drying process.Approximately 60 meters of dry kiln total lengths, totally 28 save, divide 3 to distinguish section control, the 1st district is middle temperature high humidity heating zone, divide 9 joints to control, temperature is heated to 80 ℃ by 9 saving 80 minutes gradually from normal temperature, and surface is less than 10 ℃ with the center temperature difference, make space humidity keep 60%-90%, space humidity adopts the mode of controlling high humidity gas emissions to realize.Dewing unbaked tile heating in the situation that keeping the certain humidity in space like this, unbaked tile can not cause tiling cracking too soon because of thermal dehydration.The 2nd Wei Zhongwen drying zone, district, divide 11 joints to control, temperature is heated to 110 ℃ by 11 saving 90 minutes gradually from 80 ℃, surface is less than 10 ℃ with the center temperature difference, space humidity is reduced gradually from 90%-30%, reducing space humidity adopts injection heated dry air and discharge to have the mode of humidity gas to realize, use middle pressure, middle high temperature, middle humidity gas, by mechanical fan, pressurize on unbaked tile, lower surface is synchronously to blowing heating, reach the air pressure on unbaked tile surface lower than space and unbaked tile air pressure inside, created unbaked tile internal moisture fast to the physical environment of external diffusion, realize fast dewatering.The 3rd district is high temperature dehydration district, through rising after gently dried of above Liang Ge district, unbaked tile moisture has been less than 10%, and unbaked tile surface and core temperature are basic identical, all reach 100 ℃ of left and right, now use high temperature, the hot gas flow of low humidity heats unbaked tile, make it to reach fast and be heated, the object of fast dewatering.High temperature dehydration is distinguished 8 joints and is controlled, temperature is heated to 180 ℃ by 8 saving 70 minutes gradually from 110 ℃, with high temperature, low humidity gas, by mechanical fan, pressurize to the upper and lower surface of unbaked tile synchronously to blowing heating, reach the air pressure on unbaked tile surface lower than space and unbaked tile air pressure inside, created unbaked tile internal moisture fast to the physical environment of external diffusion, made the moisture rapid diffusion in unbaked tile realize fast dewatering.Unbaked tile is transported to individual layer roller kiln and burns till after super-dry is also cooling, and individual layer roller way kiln is always about 160 meters, minute 16 joints, and every joint is 10 meters.The problem of walking on the roller rod in kiln smoothly for solving irregular unbaked tile, unbaked tile held up with backing plate respectively before entering kiln, and backing plate is made with material high temperature resistant and that heat-conductive characteristic is good.With individual layer roller kiln burning composition, 3 districts control, Wei Zhongwen heating zone, first district, and minute 6 joints are controlled, and temperature is heated to 750 ℃ gradually from normal temperature.Second district is high-temperature zone, and minute 5 joints are controlled, and temperature is heated to 1190 ℃ gradually from 750 ℃.San Ge district is quench zone, and minute 5 joints are controlled, and the 1st joint in quench zone carries out strong convection heat exchange, the high temperature of 1190 ℃ is plunged to 650 ℃, then be down to gradually 150 ℃ through 4 joints, and finally by output finished product after the powerful cooling of roller platform, sintering process completed in approximately 90 minutes.
Claims (3)
1. an extrusion-type roof clay tile roller bed type rapid drying and the horizontal novel process of burning till fast, its technical process comprises burden process, extrude pressed compact operation, drying process and firing process, it is characterized in that: drying process is used multilayer roller bed type dry kiln, unbaked tile is by extruding after the moulding of pressed compact operation, with drying rack, flat sleeping the holding of unbaked tile is transported to multilayer roller bed type dry kiln and is dried, on drying rack, have a plurality of ventilating pits, roller bed type dry kiln divides some layers, every layer of independent drying control of difference, approximately 60 meters of dry kiln total lengths, totally 28 save, divide 3 to distinguish section control, the 1st district is middle temperature high humidity heating zone, divide 9 joints to control, temperature is heated to 80 ℃ of left and right by 9 saving 80 minutes gradually from normal temperature, space humidity keeps 60%-90%, space humidity realizes by the mode of controlling high humidity gas row side amount, the 2nd Wei Zhongwen drying zone, district, divide 11 joints to control, temperature is heated to 110 ℃ of left and right gradually from 80 ℃ of left and right by 11 saving 90 minutes, space humidity from 90% to 30% reduces gradually, use middle pressure, middle high temperature, middle humidity gas pressurizes on unbaked tile by mechanical fan, lower surface is synchronously to blowing heating, reach the air pressure on unbaked tile surface lower than space and unbaked tile air pressure inside, the 3rd district is high temperature dehydration district, with high temperature, the hot gas flow of low humidity heats unbaked tile, high temperature dehydration is distinguished 8 joints and is controlled, temperature is heated to 180 ℃ of left and right gradually from 110 ℃ of left and right by 8 saving 70 minutes, with high temperature, low humidity gas pressurizes on unbaked tile by mechanical fan, lower surface is synchronously to blowing heating, reach the air pressure on unbaked tile surface lower than unbaked tile air pressure inside.
2. a kind of extrusion-type roof clay tile roller bed type rapid drying according to claim 1 and the horizontal novel process of burning till fast, it is characterized in that: firing process is used individual layer roller kiln, unbaked tile held up with backing plate respectively before entering kiln, and backing plate is made with the material of high temperature resistant and good heat conductivity, and kiln is always about 160 meters, divide 16 joints, every joint is 10 meters, and minute 3 districts control, Wei Zhongwen heating zone, first district, divide 6 joints to control, temperature is heated to 750 ℃ of left and right gradually from normal temperature; Second district is high-temperature zone, and minute 5 joints are controlled, and temperature is heated to 1190 ℃ of left and right gradually from 750 ℃ of left and right; San Ge district is quench zone, divide 5 joints to control, the 1st joint in quench zone carries out strong convection heat exchange, the high temperature of 1190 ℃ of left and right is plunged to 650 ℃ of left and right, through 4 joints, be down to gradually 150 ℃ of left and right again, finally by output finished product after the powerful cooling of roller platform, sintering process completed in 90 minutes, the nozzles of kiln bottom are arranged larger than the hot strength on kiln top, by regulating the combustion heating amount of the upper and lower nozzles of kiln, make temperature below kiln roller-way higher than the temperature above kiln roller-way, solve the top and bottom that cause because of backing plate nonsynchronous problem of being heated.
3. a kind of extrusion-type roof clay tile roller bed type rapid drying according to claim 1 and the horizontal novel process of burning till fast, it is characterized in that: the clay and the water-fast ridge material of being convenient to realize rapid drying and burning till fast that use high viscosity, the add-on of ridge material is 25%-50%, by abundant stirring and pair roller, grind pressure, clay and ridge material are evenly mixed, concrete distribution is to use two kinds of the kaolin of high-ductility, and accounting in formula 40% one 50% is yellow mud and grey white clay, forms skeleton; In use, the red soil of plasticity is a kind of, allows it have certain plasticity, ripe hot temperature degree consumption placed in the middle 10% left and right; With the low temperature red soil of the better plasticity of 1-2 kind, serve as stopping composition, in extruding and burning till, fill up the space in the skeleton that kaolin forms, increase the density of unbaked tile, consumption approximately 30%; By the middle high temperature sand of weathering, guarantee that base substrate, dry and burn till middle total amount and be no more than 9% contraction, controls the grain composition of sand simultaneously, 30-80 order particle accounts for 60% left and right; 80-120 order is in 40% left and right.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103925780A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-16 | 赵宽学 | Roller way type clay tile blank drying device |
| CN104048490A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-09-17 | 赵宽学 | Clay tile blank supporting and drying device |
| CN106343433A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-01-25 | 全建军 | Preparation method for dried sweet potatoes |
| CN106500469A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-15 | 赵宽学 | A kind of pottery is dried and method for cooking |
| CN106524720A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-22 | 赵宽学 | Integrated furnace for drying and firing ceramics |
| CN113620697A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-09 | 亚细亚建筑材料股份有限公司 | Low-temperature fast-fired ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN114812152A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-29 | 衢州市蓝天环保节能设备厂 | Active carbon drying device and method |
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| CN101289322A (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2008-10-22 | 陈信旺 | Process for producing ceramic and special equipment thereof |
| CN102358695A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-02-22 | 李鸿雁 | Sintering process for sintered bricks |
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2013
- 2013-11-22 CN CN201310631921.3A patent/CN103664197B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101289322A (en) * | 2008-06-06 | 2008-10-22 | 陈信旺 | Process for producing ceramic and special equipment thereof |
| CN102358695A (en) * | 2011-08-09 | 2012-02-22 | 李鸿雁 | Sintering process for sintered bricks |
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104048490A (en) * | 2014-05-04 | 2014-09-17 | 赵宽学 | Clay tile blank supporting and drying device |
| CN103925780A (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-07-16 | 赵宽学 | Roller way type clay tile blank drying device |
| CN106343433A (en) * | 2016-11-09 | 2017-01-25 | 全建军 | Preparation method for dried sweet potatoes |
| CN106500469A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-15 | 赵宽学 | A kind of pottery is dried and method for cooking |
| CN106524720A (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2017-03-22 | 赵宽学 | Integrated furnace for drying and firing ceramics |
| CN106500469B (en) * | 2016-11-21 | 2018-12-14 | 赵宽学 | A kind of ceramics drying and method for cooking |
| CN113620697A (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2021-11-09 | 亚细亚建筑材料股份有限公司 | Low-temperature fast-fired ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN113620697B (en) * | 2021-08-12 | 2022-06-21 | 亚细亚建筑材料股份有限公司 | Low-temperature fast-fired ceramic and preparation method thereof |
| CN114812152A (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-29 | 衢州市蓝天环保节能设备厂 | Active carbon drying device and method |
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