CN103663859A - Method for constructing multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland system - Google Patents
Method for constructing multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103663859A CN103663859A CN201310475839.6A CN201310475839A CN103663859A CN 103663859 A CN103663859 A CN 103663859A CN 201310475839 A CN201310475839 A CN 201310475839A CN 103663859 A CN103663859 A CN 103663859A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for constructing a multi-stage subsurface flow constructed wetland system, and the method comprises the following steps: (1) selecting a littoral zone with a slope as a wetland pond or digging and backfilling to get a wetland pond with a slope; (2) grading and filling a matrix, namely designing stages according to the pollution load and the height difference of slope, and filling the matrix in each stage of the wetland; (3) arranging drainage holes, water outlet holes and water inlet holes; (4) planting plants, namely planting the plants on each stage of the wetland respectively. The method disclosed by the invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) the system constructed by the method has no influence on the coastal zone structure of a landscape water body. (2) the system constructed by the method has a better purification effect on water flowing into rivers and water contaminated by the landscape water body, especially has an obvious purification effect on pollutants such as SS (Stainless Steel), oil and COD (Chemical Oxygen Demand) and has a good removal effect on heavy metals, TN and TP. (3) the system constructed by the present invention can integrate the purification function with the greening of coastal zones, so that the diversity of landscape is enriched and the overall landscape effect is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of construction process of artificial swamp, especially a kind of construction process of staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system.
Background technology
Along with urbanization and regional economy fast development, there is eutrophication phenomenon in the city appearance water bodies such as many residential quarters water body, park water and river course.Cause body eutrophication to have many factors or by many factors comprehensive action, from city appearance water body present situation, mainly comprise endogenous pollution substance in water body and bed mud, do not enter to receive part sanitary wastewater, rainfall runoff and the unprocessed exogenous pollutions such as waste water containing hazardous and noxious substances of dirty pipeline.Situation for landscape water eutrophication, except carrying out corresponding physics, chemistry and engineering measure, adopting the cleanup forms such as hydrophyte restoration and reconstruction, artificial wet land system or bio-oxidation pond is both economy, the again treatment process of environmental protection under domestic and international the present art.
Artificial swamp is on the purification function basis of natural wetland, by manually by media such as gravel, sand, soil according to a certain percentage, and the Sewage treatment systems that planting aquatic plants forms.It is generally comprised of five parts: the matrix (a) with water-permeable; (b) get well the microorganism of supporting with anaerobism; (c) waterplant; (d) without vertebra or vertebrates; (e) water body.Artificial swamp is matrix, plant, the coefficient result of microorganism to dirty water purification, and wherein, waterplant is integral part important in artificial wet land treating system.Plant provides microorganism growth environment (particularly nitrobacteria) in wet land treating system, but has also increased the residence time of water diffusion, produces and transportation oxygen.Plant is by absorbing, assimilate, change into self component, and directly absorbed nitrogen, phosphorus etc. from sewage, be considered to artificial swamp and remove one of important channel of nitrogen, phosphorus.
About artificial wet land system, dispose of sewage, the first place in the world of being considered to that build Britain Yorkshire Earby for 1903 in runs to 1992 for the treatment of the artificial swamp of sewage always continuously.The Seidel of Germany and Kichuth can remove a large amount of organic and inorganicss in nineteen fifty-three discovery reed, further research shows that some bacteriums are by also disappearing after reed planting, 1977, Seidel and Kichuth propose after root district method (TheRoot-zone Method) theory, make artificial swamp become a kind of sewage disposal technology of uniqueness, start to walk out laboratory, extend to large-scale practical application.The research of China's artificial swamp starts from the enforcement period of the seventh five-year plan, the first research work that adopts Wastewater Treatment by Constructed Wetlands starts from the surface current artificial wetland that 1989～nineteen ninety carries out at Changping County, Beijing, take up an area 2ha, the sanitary sewage that treatment capacity is 500t/d and trade effluent; After nineteen ninety, in succession on white clay hole, Shenzhen, Tianjin, Shandong, Shanghai, Wuhan and other places, build up various types of artificial swamps such as Treating Municipal Sewage, agricultural run-off sewage, trade effluent.
How in the plane the shortcoming of current Common Artificial wetland constructing system construction process is, and take purifying contaminated as main purpose, less consideration landscape factors.
Summary of the invention
For above deficiency, the construction process that the object of this invention is to provide a kind of staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system, according to pollution load and place feature, determine the sum of series planting bed size of ladder drowned flow artificial wet land planting bed, and it and view are around combined.
A construction process for staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system, comprising:
(1) coastal belt of choosing with slope goes out the wetland pond with slope as wetland pond or excavation landfill;
(2) classification filling substrate: according to the slope discrepancy in elevation and pollution load, design progression, every one-level wetland is filling substrate respectively;
(3) water vent, posticum and prosopyle are set: the influent side at first step wetland arranges prosopyle, water vent is set between every grade of wetland, in the end the water outlet side of one-level wetland sets out water hole, wherein, by influent side to water outlet side, be followed successively by first step wetland, second stage wetland, third stage wetland ... to last step wetland, the level height of first step wetland is for the highest;
(4) serike: difference serike on every one-level wetland.
Preferably, before filling substrate, can arrange slope, between slope and every one-level wetland, arrange, make the matrix of filling parallel with the water surface.
The gradient on the above-mentioned slope of preferably, choosing or excavating is 10 °-45 °.
Preferably, the influent side of above-mentioned first step wetland is provided with collection device, and above-mentioned prosopyle is between collection device and first step wetland.
General according to the discrepancy in elevation on slope and maximum assembling area area, the situations such as the pollution flooding quantity of calculating and pollution load, design corresponding scale and progression.Preferably, above-mentioned progression is for being generally 3-7 level.
Wherein, maximum assembling area area refers to naturally to enter this areas such as building the rainwater of staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system or miscellaneous water.
Preferably, the aperture of prosopyle is that the aperture of 50mm-100mm, water vent is that the aperture of 50mm-100mm, posticum is 50mm-100mm.
Generally according to flooding velocity, determine the draining hole count of every grade of wetland, the posticum that water vent is upper level, is also the prosopyle of next stage, by that analogy.Draining hole count between above-mentioned adjacent wetland is for being more than or equal to 1; Above-mentioned prosopyle hole count is for being more than or equal to 1; Above-mentioned water outlet hole count is for being more than or equal to 1.For preventing that filling substrate from stopping up posticum, the feed-water end that can (comprise water vent, prosopyle, posticum) in water hole arranges layer of steel wire filter screen, and adjusts the Inlet and outlet water situation between staged current wetlands at different levels.
Preferably, the particle diameter of above-mentioned matrix is 10mm-50mm.Preferably according to size layering, fill, the placement lower floor that particle diameter is little, upper strata filling substrate is micro-lower than pool wall height.The general brick mix structure of pool wall, also available other long life materials are made.
Above-mentioned stromal thickness is 250mm-350mm, and above-mentioned wetland pool wall height is 300mm-400mm.
Preferably, above-mentioned every grade of wetland is planted a kind of plant, between above-mentioned adjacent wetland, plants not kindred plant, and above-mentioned plant is aquatic or hygrophyte.According to pollutant type and concentration, select matrix and aquatic hygrophyte kind.Aquatic hygrophyte should choose that high adsorption capacity, fibrous root are many, plant-growth amount large, should maintenance, the good kind of landscape effect (for example plant in table 1).The superior and the subordinate's pond planting plants kind collocation is upper, and the kind that detergent power is strong is planted in upper strata, and considers plant habit, attractive in appearance and coordination.
Table 1 is applicable to the aquatic hygrophyte main species list of staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system
Preferably, the above-mentioned wetland pond with slope is coastal belt, and above-mentioned coastal belt is nature slight slope or hardened cement slope.
Preferably, the posticum of last step wetland exceeds the ordinary water level 50mm-150mm that receives water body.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) system that the present invention builds does not impact landscape water body coastal belt structure.
(2) system that the present invention builds has good cleaning action to entering the glassware for drinking water of river course and landscape water pollution, particularly, to pollutant purification successfuls such as SS, oils and COD, heavy metal, TN and TP is also had to better removal effect.
(3) system that the present invention builds incorporates coastal belt greening by purification function, has enriched coastal belt landscape diversity, promotes its whole landscape effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Examples of the present invention will be described by way of reference to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the artificial wet land system that builds of the method for the present embodiment 1.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the wetlands at different levels of the present embodiment 1.
Mark in figure: 1 is slope; 2 is wetlands at different levels; 3 is prosopyle; 4 is water vent; 5 is posticum; 6 is the water surface; 7 for filling finishing part; 8 is plant; 9 is matrix, and 10 is collection device.
Embodiment
Disclosed all features in this specification sheets, or the step in disclosed all methods or process, except mutually exclusive feature and/or step, all can combine by any way.
Disclosed arbitrary feature in this specification sheets (comprising any accessory claim, summary and accompanying drawing), unless narration especially all can be replaced by other equivalences or the alternative features with similar object.That is,, unless narration especially, each feature is an example in a series of equivalences or similar characteristics.
The staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system that is illustrated in figure 1 the construction process structure of the present embodiment, this system is for certain black smelly river regulation.River course is positioned at old town, and both sides, river course have the sloping bank of the gradient approximately 30 degree, and two sides and river bed be hardening all, approximately 1 meter of depth of water, and the bad V class of water quality, and black smelly.Pollute main source and be that littoral resident's reclaimed water and part sanitary wastewater are in line enters river course, river does not flow, and water body self-purification ability is poor etc.
For this project characteristic, the applicant has built staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system and has administered, to employing relative centralized collection (8-10 family or in flakes resident) such as littoral resident living miscellaneous waters, be provided with the staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system that a plurality of 3-7 levels do not wait and carry out purifying treatment, and beautify in conjunction with two sides hard view.
Concrete construction process is:
(1) choose coastal belt with slope as wetland pond;
(2) classification filling substrate: according to the slope discrepancy in elevation and pollution load, design 3 grades of wetlands, every one-level wetland is filling substrate respectively, before filling substrate, need to arrange slope, between slope and every one-level wetland, arrange, make the matrix of filling parallel with the water surface;
(3) water vent, posticum and prosopyle are set: by influent side to water outlet side, be followed successively by first step wetland, second stage wetland, third stage wetland, influent side at first step wetland arranges water collecting device, between collection device and first step wetland, prosopyle is set, between the first step and the wetland of the second stage, the second stage and the third stage, water vent is set, at the water outlet side of third stage wetland, sets out water hole;
(4) serike: serike respectively on every one-level wetland, at different levels between the floristics of plantation different.
The staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system that structure obtains as shown in Figure 1, 3 grades of staged subsurface flow constructed wetland systems in this project, comprise the wetland pond 1 with slope, 3 of adjacent setting grades of wetlands 2 in wetland pond, influent side is to water outlet side, be followed successively by first step wetland, second stage wetland, third stage wetland, between adjacent wetland, be provided with water vent 4, the influent side of first step wetland is provided with prosopyle 3, the influent side of first step wetland is also provided with collection device 10, prosopyle 3 is between collection device 10 and first step wetland, the water outlet side of last step wetland (being third stage wetland) is provided with posticum 5, first step wetland, between second stage wetland and third stage wetland, be provided with water vent 4, water vent be the posticum of upper level wetland be simultaneously also the prosopyle of next stage wetland.The posticum of last step wetland exceeds the ordinary water level 50mm that receives the water body water surface 6.The aperture of prosopyle is that the aperture of 50mm, water vent is that the aperture of 50mm, posticum is 50mm.Between prosopyle, two-stage wetland, the number of minute other water vent, posticum is 7.For preventing that filling substrate from stopping up posticum, at the feed-water end of water vent, prosopyle, posticum, be provided with layer of steel wire filter screen.
Every grade of wetland from top to bottom, is respectively plant 8 and matrix 9, the particle diameter of matrix 9 be 10mm-50mm all can, according to size layering, fill, the placement lower floor that particle diameter is little, upper strata filling substrate is micro-lower than pool wall height.Stromal thickness is 250mm, and wetland pool wall height is 300mm, and pool wall is brick mix structure.First step wetland has been planted aquatic Canna generalis Bailey, and second stage wetland has been planted Spiked Loosestrife, and third stage wetland has been planted calamus.
Before every grade of wetland is set, first wetland pond, slope is arranged, between slope and every one-level wetland, arrange and fill finishing part 7, on this basis, filling substrate is parallel with the water surface, has certain angle with slope, and every grade of wetland is that part is inlayed on the slope, the part that is embedded in slope is generally not more than 2/3rds of wetland, and considers landscape effect.
Planting plants recovers, after growth, to enter staged drowned flow artificial wet land reclaimed water and sanitary wastewater and obtained better purification, and repeated detection annual decontamination effect improving sees attached list 2.
The year decontamination effect improving of the staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system that table 2 the present embodiment builds
The present invention is not limited to aforesaid embodiment.The present invention expands to any new feature or any new combination disclosing in this manual, and the arbitrary new method disclosing or step or any new combination of process.
Claims (10)
1. a construction process for staged subsurface flow constructed wetland system, is characterized in that, comprising:
(1) coastal belt of choosing with slope goes out the wetland pond with slope as wetland pond or excavation landfill;
(2) classification filling substrate: according to the slope discrepancy in elevation and pollution load, design progression, every one-level wetland is filling substrate respectively;
(3) water vent, posticum and prosopyle are set: the influent side at first step wetland arranges prosopyle, water vent is set between every grade of wetland, in the end the water outlet side of one-level wetland sets out water hole;
(4) serike: difference serike on every one-level wetland.
2. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the gradient on described slope is 10 °-45 °.
3. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the aperture of the aperture of described prosopyle, the aperture of water vent, posticum is 50mm-100mm.
4. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the influent side of described first step wetland is provided with collection device, and described prosopyle is between collection device and first step wetland.
5. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the feed-water end of described water vent, prosopyle, posticum arranges layer of steel wire filter screen.
6. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the particle diameter of described matrix is 10mm-50mm.
7. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described stromal thickness is 250mm-350mm, and described wetland pool wall height is 300mm-400mm.
8. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described every grade of wetland is planted a kind of plant, between described adjacent wetland, plants not kindred plant, and described plant is aquatic or hygrophyte.
9. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wetland pond is nature slight slope or hardened cement slope.
10. construction process according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the posticum of described last step wetland is set to exceed the ordinary water level 50mm-150mm that receives water body.
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| CN104045161A (en) * | 2014-06-20 | 2014-09-17 | 上海同瑞环保科技有限公司 | Method and system for purifying water |
| CN104193096A (en) * | 2014-09-02 | 2014-12-10 | 南昌工程学院 | Pollution control slope for multi-stage filter floating bed |
| CN104692588A (en) * | 2015-01-30 | 2015-06-10 | 天津大学 | Ecological multidimensional retention system for rainwater drainage on bank side of river |
| CN104787897A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-22 | 河海大学 | Purification method of drained water of farmlands directly adjacent to rivers through shore wetlands |
| CN105198085A (en) * | 2015-09-17 | 2015-12-30 | 同济大学 | Stepped horizontal subsurface flow constructed wetland combined system and application thereof |
| CN105967339A (en) * | 2016-06-24 | 2016-09-28 | 中国科学院亚热带农业生态研究所 | Method and device for ecological pond purification treatment of heavy metal-polluted irrigation water |
| CN106986457A (en) * | 2017-04-05 | 2017-07-28 | 武汉中科水生环境工程股份有限公司 | A kind of compound early-stage rainwater collection and purification comprehensive ecological governing system of multiple domain |
| US9994467B2 (en) | 2015-04-28 | 2018-06-12 | Soochow University | Unpowered water purification system for a riverfront landscape constructed wetland |
| CN108892245A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-27 | 林振衡 | Slope wetland constructs method |
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| CN108892245A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-27 | 林振衡 | Slope wetland constructs method |
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Denomination of invention: A construction method of stepped subsurface flow constructed wetland system Effective date of registration: 20210409 Granted publication date: 20150812 Pledgee: China Co. truction Bank Corp Guangzhou Tianhe subbranch Pledgor: GUANGDONG SIJI JINGSHAN LANDSCAPE CONSTRUCTION Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2021980002500 |