CN103658984A - Plasma side-suction negative pressure device and laser welding system in laser welding process - Google Patents
Plasma side-suction negative pressure device and laser welding system in laser welding process Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/1224—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
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Abstract
The invention provides a plasma side-suction negative pressure device and a laser welding system in the laser welding process. The plasma side-suction negative pressure device comprises a lens module and a negative pressure module, wherein the lens module and the negative pressure module are connected; the lens module is used for fixing a lens; the negative pressure module is used for forming a negative pressure environment above a welding seam. The negative pressure module comprises a negative pressure cavity and an exhaust tube communicated with the negative pressure cavity. The lens module is arranged on the upper portion of the negative pressure cavity, and the lower portion of the negative pressure cavity can make contact with a member to be welded; the exhaust tube is arranged on the side wall of the negative pressure cavity; the negative pressure environment can be formed in the negative pressure cavity by connecting an exhaust device and the exhaust tube. Compared with the prior art, due to the negative pressure cavity, the size of an exhaust cavity above a weldment is reduced, the airtightness design of the cavity is improved, and exhaust efficiency is improved. Therefore, the vacuum degree of the negative pressure cavity is enhanced, and the effect for restraining plasma from being generated in the laser welding process is better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser weld field, particularly a kind of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser welding system that is applicable to larger-size slab and cut deal welding.
Background technology
Superpower laser has the advantages such as speed of welding is fast, post welding distortion is little, quality of weld joint is good in the welding of cut deal.Performance laser advantage, the laser weld that realizes large thick plates is the problem that academia and industrial quarters are shown great attention to always.Laser weld not in large thick plates the main cause of extensive use be that laser weld is normally carried out under normal atmosphere or protective gas environment, the photo plasma that laser weld produces is with this understanding (mainly for CO
2laser instrument) and metallic vapour (mainly for YAG laser instrument, optical fiber laser and video disc laser instrument etc.) laser is had to scattering, refraction and absorption, and this shielding action is more aobvious powerful along with the increase of laser power, thereby hindered laser beam to further conveying capacity in welding pool aperture.
The current method that suppresses plasma has multiple, and most widely used is side-blown method, but inhibition is limited, can restrain the method for plasma completely and only have vacuum method.For vacuum laser weldering, workpiece need be placed in vacuum chamber, operating efficiency is low, and workpiece size is subject to the restriction of vacuum-chamber dimensions, is unfavorable for carrying out the welding of large-thickness component, has lost and be all the competitive advantage of the electron-bombardment welding of high energy beam weldering.For above problem; the application for a patent for invention CN102642085A of China discloses a kind of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device; this negative pressure device comprises sleeve, tracheae and lens; the upper and lower of sleeve is respectively arranged with for be filled with the gas hood of inert protective gas in sleeve; lens are arranged on the top of sleeve or are connected on gas hood, on the sidewall of sleeve, are provided with tracheae, and described tracheae is connected with vavuum pump; the bottom of sleeve is open, and described sleeve inner forms negative pressure cavity.On gas hood, have a defecation in the intensive air-filled pore that is filled with inert protective gas in negative pressure cavity.This negative pressure device and laser weld rifle head fix, and can do relative motion between welding work pieces, this negative pressure device is arranged on top, described surface of the work welding pool to be welded region, for bleeding fast, by the negative pressure cavity of butt welded seam top, bleed and make weld seam top form subnormal ambient, it has not only retained the advantage of laser weld, and welding work pieces size is unrestricted, has also realized by negative pressure suppression plasma.But there is following defect:
1, when welding, is blown into inert protective gas and forms gas curtain and completely cut off environment in air and chamber, and negative pressure cavity lower end is opening by lower air-filled pore, and air inflow is large, causes the vacuum that can reach in negative pressure cavity limited, makes to suppress the poor effect of plasma;
2, the structure of this laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is simpler, and the anti-metal poor effect of splashing exists the problem of eyeglass scaling loss in actual welding application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device; to solve laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the prior art when welding; by lower air-filled pore, be blown into inert protective gas formation gas curtain and completely cut off environment in air and chamber; and negative pressure cavity lower end is opening; air inflow is large; cause the vacuum that can reach in negative pressure cavity limited, make to suppress the technical matters of the poor effect of plasma.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the laser welding system that comprises above-mentioned laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device; to solve laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the prior art when welding; by lower air-filled pore, be blown into inert protective gas formation gas curtain and completely cut off environment in air and chamber; and negative pressure cavity lower end is opening; air inflow is large; cause the vacuum that can reach in negative pressure cavity limited, make to suppress the technical matters of the poor effect of plasma.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device, is applied to laser welding system, comprises lens module and negative pressure module, and described lens module is connected with described negative pressure module, wherein,
Described lens module, for fixed lens;
Described negative pressure module, for making weld seam top form subnormal ambient; Described negative pressure module comprises negative pressure cavity and the exhaust tube being communicated with described negative pressure cavity, described lens module is arranged on the top of described negative pressure cavity, the bottom of described negative pressure cavity can contact with member to be welded, described exhaust tube is arranged on the sidewall of described negative pressure cavity, by air extractor, is connected and can makes to form subnormal ambient in described negative pressure cavity with described exhaust tube.
Preferably, also comprise the gear module of splashing, the described gear module of splashing comprises air knife module, stuck-module and the bellmouth module connecting successively, and described air knife module is connected with described lens module, and described bellmouth module is connected with described negative pressure module, wherein,
Described bellmouth module, for barrier metal drop and metallic vapour to the lens sputter of described lens module with contact;
Described stuck-module, for being connected with laser gun;
Described air knife module, for be filled with inert protective gas with barrier metal drop and metallic vapour to the lens sputter of described lens module with contact.
Preferably, between described negative pressure module, described bellmouth module, described stuck-module, described air knife module and each module of described lens module, be provided with hermetically-sealed construction.
Preferably, described hermetically-sealed construction comprises groove and the boss cooperatively interacting, and between described groove and described boss, with O type circle, seals.
Preferably, described bellmouth module comprises back taper through hole, and the lower end of described back taper through hole is communicated with the top of described negative pressure cavity.
Preferably, described stuck-module is provided with passage and syndeton for being connected with laser gun rifle head, and described passage is communicated with described back taper through hole.
Preferably, described passage is back taper, and described passage is identical with the axle center of described back taper through hole.
Preferably, described air knife module is provided with air knife and cavity, and the gas outlet of described air knife is communicated with described cavity, and described cavity is communicated with described passage.
Preferably, the sidewall of described cavity is provided with exhaust tube, and described exhaust tube is relative with the gas outlet of described air knife.
Preferably, described lens module is provided with lens fixing hole and recirculated water path, and lens are arranged in described fixing hole, and described recirculated water channel setting is in lens outside.
Preferably, between described negative pressure module, described bellmouth module, described stuck-module, described air knife module and each module of described lens module, removably connect.
A kind of laser welding system, comprise laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser gun, described laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is connected with the rifle head of described laser gun, and described laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is above-mentioned laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, negative pressure cavity of the present invention has dwindled the bleed volume of chamber of weldment top, has improved the sealing design between workpiece and negative pressure cavity, has improved pumping efficiency, thereby has improved the vacuum of negative pressure cavity, and suppressing laser weld, to produce the effect of plasma better;
2, the present invention utilizes back taper cavity space and flat high-speed air-flow (or coaxial air-flow) to hinder the destruction that metal splashes to lens, has effectively solved the splash problem of poor effect of anti-metal that existing apparatus exists, easy to use and flexible, reliable and stable;
3, between each module of the present invention, by hermetically-sealed construction, seal, improved the sealing of device, thereby improved the accessible vacuum of negative pressure cavity;
4, the present invention is applicable to adopt the welding processing of superpower laser to cut deal and large slab, can be applicable to the manufacture field that heavy-duty machinery, nuclear power, turbine rotor etc. need weld large thickness material, the advantage of performance laser weld aspect the welding of slab part.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a preferred embodiment of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of the embodiment of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of negative pressure module of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of negative pressure module of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of bellmouth module of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of bellmouth module of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of stuck-module of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of air knife module of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the cutaway view of air knife module of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of lens module of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the cutaway view of lens module of the present invention;
Figure 12 is that laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the present invention is at the schematic diagram of welded plates work.
In above-mentioned figure, the component names of each numbering representative is as follows:
1-negative pressure module, 2-bellmouth module, 3-stuck-module, 4-air knife module, 5-lens module, 11-exhaust tube, 12-exhaust tube interface, 13-pressure sensor interface, 14-negative pressure cavity, 15-groove, 21-back taper through hole, 22-seal groove, 23-boss, 31-screwed hole, 32-passage, 41-air knife, 411-air knife gas outlet, 412-air knife air inlet, 42-bleeding point, the coaxial air-flow of 43-, the horizontal flat air-flow of 44-, 45-exhaust tube, 46-cavity, 51-lens, 52-lens fixing hole, 53-recirculated water import/export, 54-recirculated water path, 60-beam direction, the 70-air knife module direction of bleeding, the 80 negative pressure modules direction of bleeding, 90 welding directions.
The specific embodiment
Analyze theoretically, than traditional welding method, High Power Laser Welding has the advantages such as speed of welding is fast, post welding distortion is little, quality of weld joint is good.Along with the maturation of ultra high power, high light beam quality industrial laser technology, the research of Reciprocity of Laser & Materials mechanism deeply, the constantly bringing forth new ideas of method for laser welding and technology, make laser weld have very large potentiality aspect large slab.Because superpower laser is manufactured the breakthrough application in field in substantial equipment such as boats and ships, nuclear powers, and electro-beam welding method is because of the restriction of vacuum chamber to workpiece size size, for superpower laser provides good opportunity in the breakthrough aspect large slab, the present invention arises at the historic moment.
Laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the present invention, is applied to laser welding system, comprises lens module 5 and negative pressure module 1, and lens module 5 is connected with negative pressure module 1, and wherein, lens module 5, for fixed lens; Negative pressure module 1, for making weld seam top form subnormal ambient; Negative pressure module 1 comprises negative pressure cavity 14 and the exhaust tube 11 being communicated with negative pressure cavity 14, lens module 5 is arranged on the top of negative pressure cavity 14, the bottom of negative pressure cavity 14 can contact with member to be welded, exhaust tube 11 is arranged on exhaust tube interface 12 places of negative pressure cavity 14 sidewalls, is connected can makes to form in negative pressure cavity subnormal ambient by air extractor with exhaust tube.Negative pressure cavity of the present invention has dwindled the bleed volume of chamber of weldment top, has improved the sealing design between workpiece and negative pressure cavity, has improved pumping efficiency, thereby has improved the vacuum of negative pressure cavity, and suppressing laser weld, to produce the effect of plasma better.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention in detail.
Refer to Fig. 1,2, preferably, the present invention also comprises the gear module of splashing, keep off the module of splashing and comprise air knife module 4, stuck-module 3 and the bellmouth module 2 connecting successively, air knife module 4 is connected with lens module 5, and bellmouth module 2 is connected with negative pressure module 1, wherein, bellmouth module, for barrier metal drop and metallic vapour to the lens sputter of lens module with contact; Stuck-module, for being connected with laser gun; Air knife module, for be filled with inert protective gas with barrier metal drop and metallic vapour to the lens sputter of lens module with contact.
Refer to Fig. 5,6, in this example, bellmouth module 2 comprises back taper through hole 21, and the lower end of back taper through hole 21 is communicated with the top of negative pressure cavity 14.The back taper through hole 21 of bellmouth module can allow laser pass through on the one hand, and on the other hand due to less with the hole of negative pressure cavity connectivity part, the most metal that splashes is all blocked, and only has the module that the metal of small part can be above aperture enters.
Refer to Fig. 7, in this example, stuck-module 3 is provided with passage 32 and syndeton for being connected with laser gun rifle head, and the lower end of passage 32 is communicated with back taper through hole 21.Passage 32 is preferably back taper, and passage 32 is identical with the axle center of back taper through hole 21.Syndeton comprises the screwed hole 31 being arranged on stuck-module, and stuck-module is fixed on laser gun head whole device is moved together with laser head by support.Stuck-module can increase distance between lens module and member to be welded and contact to protect lens with what reduce splash metal and lens.
Refer to Fig. 8,9, in this example, air knife module 4 is provided with air knife 41 and cavity 46, and the gas outlet 411 of air knife 41 is communicated with cavity 46, and cavity 46 is communicated with the upper end of passage 32.Also exhaust tube 45 can be set at the sidewall of cavity 46, exhaust tube 45 is relative with the gas outlet 411 of air knife 41.During work, make inert protective gas enter air knife from air knife air inlet 412, by flat narrow gas outlet 411, form the sheet air-flow blowing out at a high speed.The exhaust tube 45 relative with gas outlet 411 can connect air extractor bleeds to the gas blowing out, and to form horizontal sheet high velocity air 44, air knife, can splash to protect lens by barrier metal drop.Also bleeding point 42 can be sealed, the gas blowing out flows downward, and enters negative pressure cavity form coaxial air-flow 43 by narrow hole, bellmouth module bottom, by downward air-flow, stops that the metal splashing moves upward to protect lens.
Refer to Figure 10,11, in this example, lens module 5 is provided with lens fixing hole 52 and recirculated water path 54, and lens 51 are arranged in fixing hole 52, and recirculated water path 54 is arranged on lens 51 outsides.Lens module is used for loading and fixed lens, guarantees the sealing of negative pressure cavity when making laser energy enter negative pressure cavity.According to dissimilar laser instrument, select dissimilar eyeglass.For CO2 laser instrument, adopt ZnSn lens; For Nd:YAG or optical fiber laser, adopting quartz glass lens.For strengthening eyeglass laser transmittance, lens need plate anti-reflection film.Lens module is provided with recirculated water path in the surrounding of placing eyeglass, can the cooling eyeglass generating heat because absorbing a small amount of laser by recirculated water import/export 53 access recirculated waters.
In this example, between negative pressure module 1, bellmouth module 2, stuck-module 3, air knife module 4 and lens module 5 each modules, removably connect.In this example, between each module, by screw, connect.Each functional module is separate, is easy to dismounting, maintenance and repacking.
In this example, between negative pressure module 1, bellmouth module 2, stuck-module 3, air knife module and 4 lens module 5 each modules, be provided with hermetically-sealed construction.In this example, hermetically-sealed construction comprises groove 15 and the boss 23 cooperatively interacting, and between groove 15 and boss 23, with the sealing of O type circle, sealing ring is arranged on seal groove 22, can guarantee the sealing of cavity, as shown in Figure 4,5.
Can offer the screw thread mouth 13 for setting pressure sensor at negative pressure cavity sidewall, can to cavity pressure, detect by setting pressure sensor.
The whole height of negative pressure cavity is less than the focal length of lens, and the defocusing amount parameter that can adapt to each scope regulates.Each module can be made by aluminum material, and to guarantee good heat radiation, and quality urine is installed in mobile.
The present invention also provides a kind of laser welding system, comprise laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser gun, laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is connected with the rifle head of laser gun, and laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is above-mentioned laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device.
Refer to Figure 12, the course of work of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the present invention is as follows: laser enters negative pressure cavity from direction 60 scioptics and arrives member to be welded and weld, vavuum pump is bled by 11 pairs of negative pressure cavities 14 of exhaust tube from direction 80, another air extractor is bled and is formed horizontal air knife and splash with barrier metal from 70 pairs of exhaust tubes 45 of direction, whole side draught negative pressure device is fixed on laser weld rifle head, following laser instrument synchronously welds along 90 pairs of members of direction, or side draught negative pressure device and laser weld rifle head all maintain static, member is done relative motion with respect to welding gun.For the gap existing because of relative slippage between side draught negative pressure device and member, because the speed of evacuation is far longer than intake velocity, thereby can realize higher vacuum at negative pressure cavity 14.
The present invention utilizes back taper cavity space and flat high-speed air-flow (or coaxial air-flow) to hinder the destruction that metal splashes to lens, effectively solved the splash problem of poor effect of anti-metal that existing apparatus exists, easy to use and flexible, reliable and stable.Between each module of the present invention, by hermetically-sealed construction, seal, improved the sealing of device, thereby improved the accessible vacuum of negative pressure cavity.
The present invention is applicable to adopt the welding processing of superpower laser to cut deal and large slab, can be applicable to the manufacture field that heavy-duty machinery, nuclear power, turbine rotor etc. need weld large thickness material, the advantage of performance laser weld aspect the welding of slab part.
Disclosed is above only several specific embodiments of the application, but the application is not limited thereto, and the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of, all should drop in the application's protection domain.
Claims (12)
1. a laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device, is applied to laser welding system, it is characterized in that, comprises lens module and negative pressure module, and described lens module is connected with described negative pressure module, wherein,
Described lens module, for fixed lens;
Described negative pressure module, for making weld seam top form subnormal ambient; Described negative pressure module comprises negative pressure cavity and the exhaust tube being communicated with described negative pressure cavity, described lens module is arranged on the top of described negative pressure cavity, the bottom of described negative pressure cavity can contact with member to be welded, described exhaust tube is arranged on the sidewall of described negative pressure cavity, by air extractor, is connected and can makes to form subnormal ambient in described negative pressure cavity with described exhaust tube.
2. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, also comprise and keep off the module of splashing, the described gear module of splashing comprises successively air knife module, stuck-module and the bellmouth module connecting, described air knife module is connected with described lens module, described bellmouth module is connected with described negative pressure module, wherein
Described bellmouth module, for barrier metal drop and metallic vapour to the lens sputter of described lens module with contact;
Described stuck-module, for being connected with laser gun;
Described air knife module, for be filled with inert protective gas with barrier metal drop and metallic vapour to the lens sputter of described lens module with contact.
3. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, between described negative pressure module, described bellmouth module, described stuck-module, described air knife module and each module of described lens module, is provided with hermetically-sealed construction.
4. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, described hermetically-sealed construction comprises groove and the boss cooperatively interacting, and between described groove and described boss, with O type circle, seals.
5. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described bellmouth module comprises back taper through hole, and the lower end of described back taper through hole is communicated with the top of described negative pressure cavity.
6. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, described stuck-module is provided with passage and syndeton for being connected with laser gun rifle head, and described passage is communicated with described back taper through hole.
7. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described passage is back taper, and described passage is identical with the axle center of described back taper through hole.
8. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described air knife module is provided with air knife and cavity, and the gas outlet of described air knife is communicated with described cavity, and described cavity is communicated with described passage.
9. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, the sidewall of described cavity is provided with exhaust tube, and described exhaust tube is relative with the gas outlet of described air knife.
10. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described lens module is provided with lens fixing hole and recirculated water path, and lens are arranged in described fixing hole, and described recirculated water channel setting is in lens outside.
11. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure devices as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, between described negative pressure module, described bellmouth module, described stuck-module, described air knife module and each module of described lens module, removably connect.
12. 1 kinds of laser welding systems, comprise laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser gun, described laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is connected with the rifle head of described laser gun, it is characterized in that, described laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is the laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device described in any one in claim 1-11.
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CN109219497B (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2020-10-16 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Laser processing apparatus |
CN109219497A (en) * | 2016-05-30 | 2019-01-15 | 本田技研工业株式会社 | Laser processing device |
CN106944740A (en) * | 2017-05-17 | 2017-07-14 | 冯臣相 | The connecting cylinder and method of a kind of coaxial smoking dust suction anti-splashing of laser-beam welding machine |
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CN111182740A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-05-19 | 浙江近点电子股份有限公司 | High strength car battery gathers FPC line row convenient to welding |
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CN111283321A (en) * | 2020-04-01 | 2020-06-16 | 四川淼垚森环保科技有限公司 | Self-positioning burr-free steel cutting method |
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