CN103658984B - Laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser welding system - Google Patents
Laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser welding system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103658984B CN103658984B CN201310647645.XA CN201310647645A CN103658984B CN 103658984 B CN103658984 B CN 103658984B CN 201310647645 A CN201310647645 A CN 201310647645A CN 103658984 B CN103658984 B CN 103658984B
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013307 optical fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/12—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure
- B23K26/1224—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in a special atmosphere, e.g. in an enclosure in vacuum
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/20—Bonding
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2101/00—Articles made by soldering, welding or cutting
- B23K2101/18—Sheet panels
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser welding system.Side draught negative pressure device of the present invention, comprises lens module and negative pressure module, described lens module and described negative pressure model calling, and wherein, described lens module, for fixed lens; Described negative pressure module, forms subnormal ambient for making above weld seam; The exhaust tube that described negative pressure module comprises negative pressure cavity and is communicated with described negative pressure cavity, described lens module is arranged on the top of described negative pressure cavity, the bottom of described negative pressure cavity can with member contact to be welded, described exhaust tube is arranged on the sidewall of described negative pressure cavity, to be connected can to make to form subnormal ambient in described negative pressure cavity by air extractor with described exhaust tube.Compared with prior art, negative pressure cavity of the present invention reduces the volume of chamber of bleeding above weldment, improves cavity seal design, improves pumping efficiency, thus improve the vacuum of negative pressure cavity, suppresses laser weld to produce the effect of plasma better.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to laser weld field, particularly a kind of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser welding system being applicable to larger-size slab and cut deal welding.
Background technology
Superpower laser has the advantages such as speed of welding is fast, post welding distortion is little, quality of weld joint is good in the welding of cut deal.Play laser advantage, the laser weld realizing heavy thickness plate is the problem that academia and industrial quarters are shown great attention to always.Laser weld not on heavy thickness plate the main cause of extensive use be that laser weld is normally carried out under normal atmosphere or protective gas environment, with this understanding laser weld produce photo plasma (mainly for CO
2laser instrument) and metallic vapour (mainly for YAG laser, optical fiber laser and video disc laser instrument etc.) to laser, there is scattering, refraction and absorption, and this shielding action is more aobvious powerful along with the increase of laser power, thus hinder laser beam further conveying capacity in welding pool aperture.
The method of current suppression plasma has multiple, and most widely used is side-blown method, but inhibition is limited, and the method restraining plasma completely only has vacuum method.For vacuum laser weldering, need be placed in vacuum chamber by workpiece, operating efficiency is low, and workpiece size is by the restriction of vacuum-chamber dimensions, is unfavorable for the welding carrying out large-thickness component, loses and the competitive advantage being all the electron-bombardment welding that high energy beam welds.For above problem; the application for a patent for invention CN102642085A of China discloses a kind of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device; this negative pressure device comprises sleeve, tracheae and lens; the upper and lower of sleeve is respectively arranged with the gas hood for being filled with inert protective gas in sleeve; lens are arranged on the top of sleeve or are connected on gas hood, and the sidewall of sleeve is provided with tracheae, and described tracheae is connected with vavuum pump; the bottom of sleeve is open, and described sleeve inner forms negative pressure cavity.Gas hood has a defecation in the intensive air-filled pore being filled with inert protective gas in negative pressure cavity.This negative pressure device and laser weld rifle head fix, and can relative motion be done between welding work pieces, this negative pressure device is arranged on described surface of the work welding pool overlying regions to be welded, for fast pump, undertaken bleeding by the negative pressure cavity above butt welded seam and make to form subnormal ambient above weld seam, it not only remains the advantage of laser weld, and welding work pieces size is unrestricted, also achieves by negative pressure suppression plasma.But there is following defect:
1, during welding, be blown into inert protective gas by lower air-filled pore and form gas curtain and come isolated air and chamber environment, and negative pressure cavity lower end is opening, and air inflow is large, causes the vacuum that can reach in negative pressure cavity limited, makes the poor effect suppressing plasma;
2, the structure of this laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is comparatively simple, anti-splatter poor effect, there is the problem of eyeglass scaling loss in actual welding application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device; to solve laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the prior art when welding; be blown into inert protective gas formation gas curtain by lower air-filled pore and come isolated air and chamber environment; and negative pressure cavity lower end is opening; air inflow is large; cause the vacuum that can reach in negative pressure cavity limited, make the technical matters of the poor effect suppressing plasma.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the laser welding system comprising above-mentioned laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device; to solve laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the prior art when welding; be blown into inert protective gas formation gas curtain by lower air-filled pore and come isolated air and chamber environment; and negative pressure cavity lower end is opening; air inflow is large; cause the vacuum that can reach in negative pressure cavity limited, make the technical matters of the poor effect suppressing plasma.
The object of the invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device, is applied to laser welding system, comprises lens module and negative pressure module, described lens module and described negative pressure model calling, wherein,
Described lens module, for fixed lens;
Described negative pressure module, forms subnormal ambient for making above weld seam; The exhaust tube that described negative pressure module comprises negative pressure cavity and is communicated with described negative pressure cavity, described lens module is arranged on the top of described negative pressure cavity, the bottom of described negative pressure cavity can with member contact to be welded, described exhaust tube is arranged on the sidewall of described negative pressure cavity, to be connected can to make to form subnormal ambient in described negative pressure cavity by air extractor with described exhaust tube.
Preferably, also comprise gear splashing module, described gear splashing module comprises the air knife module, stuck-module and the bellmouth module that connect successively, and described air knife module is connected with described lens module, described bellmouth module and described negative pressure model calling, wherein,
Described bellmouth module, sputters for barrier metal drop with the lens of metallic vapour to described lens module and contacts;
Described stuck-module, for being connected with laser gun;
Described air knife module, sputters and contacts with barrier metal drop with the lens of metallic vapour to described lens module for being filled with inert protective gas.
Preferably, described negative pressure module, described bellmouth module, described stuck-module, be provided with hermetically-sealed construction between described air knife module and each module of described lens module.
Preferably, described hermetically-sealed construction comprises the groove and boss that cooperatively interact, with the sealing of O type circle between described groove and described boss.
Preferably, described bellmouth module comprises back taper through hole, and the lower end of described back taper through hole is communicated with the top of described negative pressure cavity.
Preferably, described stuck-module is provided with passage and the syndeton for being connected with laser gun rifle head, and described passage is communicated with described back taper through hole.
Preferably, described passage is back taper, and described passage is identical with the axle center of described back taper through hole.
Preferably, described air knife module is provided with air knife and cavity, and the gas outlet of described air knife and described cavity connects, described cavity is communicated with described passage.
Preferably, the sidewall of described cavity is provided with exhaust tube, and described exhaust tube is relative with the gas outlet of described air knife.
Preferably, described lens module is provided with lens fixing hole and recirculated water path, and lens are arranged in described fixing hole, and described recirculated water channel setting is outside lens.
Preferably, described negative pressure module, described bellmouth module, described stuck-module, removably connect between described air knife module and each module of described lens module.
A kind of laser welding system, comprise laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser gun, described laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is connected with the rifle head of described laser gun, and described laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is above-mentioned laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1, negative pressure cavity of the present invention reduces the volume of chamber of bleeding above weldment, improves the sealing design between workpiece and negative pressure cavity, improves pumping efficiency, thus improve the vacuum of negative pressure cavity, suppresses laser weld to produce the effect of plasma better;
2, the present invention utilizes back taper cavity space and flat high-speed air-flow (or coaxial air-flow) to hinder the destruction of splatter to lens, efficiently solves the problem of the anti-splatter poor effect that existing apparatus exists, easy to use and flexible, reliable and stable;
3, sealed by hermetically-sealed construction between each module of the present invention, improve the sealing of device, thus improve the accessible vacuum of negative pressure cavity;
4, the present invention is applicable to adopt superpower laser to the welding processing of cut deal and large slab, can be applicable to the manufacture field that heavy-duty machinery, nuclear power, turbine rotor etc. need weld heavy thickness material, in the welding of slab part, play the advantage of laser weld.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a preferred embodiment of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the embodiment of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of negative pressure module of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of negative pressure module of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of bellmouth module of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is the sectional view of bellmouth module of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of stuck-module of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the structural representation of air knife module of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the sectional view of air knife module of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of lens module of the present invention;
Figure 11 is the sectional view of lens module of the present invention;
Figure 12 is the schematic diagram of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the present invention in welded plates work.
In above-mentioned figure, the component names of each numbering representative is as follows:
1-negative pressure module, 2-bellmouth module, 3-stuck-module, 4-air knife module, 5-lens module, 11-exhaust tube, 12-exhaust tube interface, 13-pressure sensor interface, 14-negative pressure cavity, 15-groove, 21-back taper through hole, 22-seal groove, 23-boss, 31-screwed hole, 32-passage, 41-air knife, 411-air knife gas outlet, 412-air knife air inlet, 42-bleeding point, the coaxial air-flow of 43-, 44-is flat air-flow laterally, 45-exhaust tube, 46-cavity, 51-lens, 52-lens fixing hole, 53-recirculated water import/export, 54-recirculated water path, 60-beam direction, 70-air knife module is bled direction, 80 negative pressure modules are bled direction, 90 welding directions.
Detailed description of the invention
Analyze theoretically, compared to traditional welding method, High Power Laser Welding has the advantages such as speed of welding is fast, post welding distortion is little, quality of weld joint is good.Along with the maturation of ultra high power, high light beam quality industrial laser technology, Reciprocity of Laser & Materials study mechanism deeply, the constantly bringing forth new ideas of method for laser welding and technology, make laser weld have very large potentiality in large slab.The breakthrough manufacturing field in the substantial equipment such as boats and ships, nuclear power due to superpower laser is applied, and electro-beam welding method is because vacuum chamber is to the restriction of workpiece size size, for the breakthrough of superpower laser in large slab provides good opportunity, the present invention arises at the historic moment.
Laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the present invention, be applied to laser welding system, comprise lens module 5 and negative pressure module 1, lens module 5 is connected with negative pressure module 1, and wherein, lens module 5, for fixed lens; Negative pressure module 1, forms subnormal ambient for making above weld seam; The exhaust tube 11 that negative pressure module 1 comprises negative pressure cavity 14 and is communicated with negative pressure cavity 14, lens module 5 is arranged on the top of negative pressure cavity 14, the bottom of negative pressure cavity 14 can with member contact to be welded, exhaust tube 11 is arranged on exhaust tube interface 12 place of negative pressure cavity 14 sidewall, to be connected can to make to form subnormal ambient in negative pressure cavity by air extractor with exhaust tube.Negative pressure cavity of the present invention reduces the volume of chamber of bleeding above weldment, improves the sealing design between workpiece and negative pressure cavity, improves pumping efficiency, thus improve the vacuum of negative pressure cavity, suppresses laser weld to produce the effect of plasma better.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, describe the present invention in detail.
Refer to Fig. 1,2, preferably, the present invention also comprises gear splashing module, gear splashing module comprises the air knife module 4, stuck-module 3 and the bellmouth module 2 that connect successively, air knife module 4 is connected with lens module 5, and bellmouth module 2 is connected with negative pressure module 1, wherein, bellmouth module, sputters for barrier metal drop with the lens of metallic vapour to lens module and contacts; Stuck-module, for being connected with laser gun; Air knife module, sputters and contacts with barrier metal drop with the lens of metallic vapour to lens module for being filled with inert protective gas.
Refer to Fig. 5,6, in this example, bellmouth module 2 comprises back taper through hole 21, and the lower end of back taper through hole 21 is communicated with the top of negative pressure cavity 14.Back taper through hole 21 1 aspect of bellmouth module can allow laser pass through, and on the other hand due to less with the hole of negative pressure cavity connectivity part, most splashing metal is all stopped, only has the metal of small part can from the module above aperture enters.
Refer to Fig. 7, in this example, stuck-module 3 is provided with passage 32 and the syndeton for being connected with laser gun rifle head, and the lower end of passage 32 is communicated with back taper through hole 21.Passage 32 is preferably back taper, and passage 32 is identical with the axle center of back taper through hole 21.Syndeton comprises the screwed hole 31 be arranged on stuck-module, and stuck-module is fixed on laser gun head by support and whole device is moved together with laser head.Stuck-module can increase distance between lens module and component to be welded to reduce the contact of splashing metal and lens to protect lens.
Refer to Fig. 8,9, in this example, air knife module 4 is provided with air knife 41 and cavity 46, and the gas outlet 411 of air knife 41 is communicated with cavity 46, and cavity 46 is communicated with the upper end of passage 32.Also can arrange exhaust tube 45 at the sidewall of cavity 46, exhaust tube 45 is relative with the gas outlet 411 of air knife 41.During work, make inert protective gas enter air knife from air knife air inlet 412, formed the sheet air-flow of blowout at a high speed by flat narrow gas outlet 411.The exhaust tube 45 relative with gas outlet 411 can connect air extractor and bleed to the gas blown out, to form horizontal sheet high velocity air 44, i.e. air knife, can barrier metal fluid spills to protect lens.Also bleeding point 42 can be sealed, the gas of blowout flows downward, and enters negative pressure cavity form coaxial air-flow 43 by the hole that bellmouth module bottom is narrow, and the metal splashed by downward airflow-resistive moves upward to protect lens.
Refer to Figure 10,11, in this example, lens module 5 is provided with lens fixing hole 52 and recirculated water path 54, and lens 51 are arranged in fixing hole 52, and recirculated water path 54 is arranged on outside lens 51.Lens module is used for loading and fixed lens, ensures the sealing of negative pressure cavity while making laser enter negative pressure cavity.Dissimilar eyeglass is selected according to dissimilar laser instrument.For CO2 laser instrument, adopt ZnSn lens; For Nd:YAG or optical fiber laser, then adopt quartz glass lens.For strengthening lens laser transmitance, lens need plate anti-reflection film.Lens module is provided with recirculated water path around placement eyeglass, accesses recirculated water can cool the eyeglass generated heat because absorbing a small amount of laser by recirculated water import/export 53.
In this example, negative pressure module 1, bellmouth module 2, stuck-module 3, removably connect between air knife module 4 and each module of lens module 5.In this example, connected by screw between each module.Each functional module is separate, is easy to dismounting, maintenance and repacking.
In this example, negative pressure module 1, bellmouth module 2, stuck-module 3, be provided with hermetically-sealed construction between air knife module and each module of 4 lens module 5.In this example, hermetically-sealed construction comprises the groove 15 and boss 23 that cooperatively interact, and with the sealing of O type circle between groove 15 and boss 23, sealing ring is arranged on seal groove 22, can ensure the sealing of cavity, as shown in Figure 4,5.
Screw thread mouth 13 for setting pressure sensor can be offered at negative pressure cavity sidewall, by setting pressure sensor, cavity pressure be detected.
The whole height of negative pressure cavity is less than the focal length of lens, and the defocusing amount parameter that can adapt to each scope regulates.Each module can be made by aluminum material, and to ensure good heat radiation, and little being convenient to of quality moves installation.
The present invention also provides a kind of laser welding system, comprise laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser gun, laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is connected with the rifle head of laser gun, and laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is above-mentioned laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device.
Refer to Figure 12, the course of work of laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device of the present invention is as follows: laser enters negative pressure cavity from direction 60 scioptics and arrives component to be welded and weld, vavuum pump is bled from direction 80 by exhaust tube 11 pairs of negative pressure cavities 14, another air extractor 70 pairs from direction exhaust tubes 45 bleed formed horizontal air knife splash with barrier metal, whole side draught negative pressure device is fixed on laser weld rifle head, 90 pairs of components weld along direction to follow Laser synchronisation, or side draught negative pressure device and laser weld rifle head all maintain static, component does relative motion relative to welding gun.For between side draught negative pressure device and component because of the gap that Relative sliding exists, because the speed of evacuation is far longer than intake velocity, thus higher vacuum can be realized at negative pressure cavity 14.
The present invention utilizes back taper cavity space and flat high-speed air-flow (or coaxial air-flow) to hinder the destruction of splatter to lens, efficiently solves the problem of the anti-splatter poor effect that existing apparatus exists, easy to use and flexible, reliable and stable.Sealed by hermetically-sealed construction between each module of the present invention, improve the sealing of device, thus improve the accessible vacuum of negative pressure cavity.
The present invention is applicable to the welding processing adopting superpower laser to cut deal and large slab, can be applicable to the manufacture field that heavy-duty machinery, nuclear power, turbine rotor etc. need weld heavy thickness material, in the welding of slab part, play the advantage of laser weld.
Be only several specific embodiments of the application above, but the application is not limited thereto, the changes that any person skilled in the art can think of, all should drops in the protection domain of the application.
Claims (10)
1. a laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device, is applied to laser welding system, it is characterized in that, comprises lens module and negative pressure module, described lens module and described negative pressure model calling, wherein,
Described lens module, for fixed lens;
Described negative pressure module, forms subnormal ambient for making above weld seam; The exhaust tube that described negative pressure module comprises negative pressure cavity and is communicated with described negative pressure cavity, described lens module is arranged on the top of described negative pressure cavity, the bottom of described negative pressure cavity can with member contact to be welded, described exhaust tube is arranged on the sidewall of described negative pressure cavity, to be connected can to make to form subnormal ambient in described negative pressure cavity by air extractor with described exhaust tube;
Also comprise gear splashing module, described gear splashing module comprises the air knife module, stuck-module and the bellmouth module that connect successively, and described air knife module is connected with described lens module, described bellmouth module and described negative pressure model calling, wherein,
Described bellmouth module, sputters for barrier metal drop with the lens of metallic vapour to described lens module and contacts;
Described stuck-module, for being connected with laser gun;
Described air knife module, sputters and contacts with barrier metal drop with the lens of metallic vapour to described lens module for being filled with inert protective gas;
Described negative pressure module, described bellmouth module, described stuck-module, to removably connect between described air knife module and each module of described lens module.
2. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described negative pressure module, described bellmouth module, described stuck-module, is provided with hermetically-sealed construction between described air knife module and each module of described lens module.
3. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, described hermetically-sealed construction comprises the groove and boss that cooperatively interact, with the sealing of O type circle between described groove and described boss.
4. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described bellmouth module comprises back taper through hole, and the lower end of described back taper through hole is communicated with the top of described negative pressure cavity.
5. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described stuck-module is provided with passage and the syndeton for being connected with laser gun rifle head, and described passage is communicated with described back taper through hole.
6. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described passage is back taper, and described passage is identical with the axle center of described back taper through hole.
7. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described air knife module is provided with air knife and cavity, and the gas outlet of described air knife and described cavity connects, described cavity is communicated with described passage.
8. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 7, it is characterized in that, the sidewall of described cavity is provided with exhaust tube, and described exhaust tube is relative with the gas outlet of described air knife.
9. laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described lens module is provided with lens fixing hole and recirculated water path, and lens are arranged in described fixing hole, and described recirculated water channel setting is outside lens.
10. a laser welding system, comprise laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device and laser gun, described laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is connected with the rifle head of described laser gun, it is characterized in that, described laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device is the laser weld plasma side draught negative pressure device in claim 1-9 described in any one.
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| JP2013180310A (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2013-09-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Laser machining device |
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| CN101264554A (en) * | 2008-04-01 | 2008-09-17 | 沈阳航空工业学院 | Vacuum system for laser processing |
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