CN103658575B - A kind of internal roller type single roller rapid quenching prepares the method for amorphous thin ribbon - Google Patents
A kind of internal roller type single roller rapid quenching prepares the method for amorphous thin ribbon Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Internal roller type single roller rapid quenching prepares a method for amorphous thin ribbon, belongs to the preparing technical field of amorphous thin ribbon.Adopt internal roller type running roller, employing internal roller type running roller is the straight tube structure of hollow, melt jet is on the inner surface of the internal roller type running roller rotated around central shaft, the inner surface of internal roller type running roller is straight barrel type, and the direction of centrifugal force suffered by melt is pointed in contact surface from upwards becoming perpendicular to contact surface perpendicular to contact surface.Strip size prepared by the inventive method is thinner, surface smoothness is higher, performance is better.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the preparing technical field of amorphous thin ribbon, relate to a kind of novel single roller and get rid of band method and get rid of fluid spills in band process, be difficult to into the problem of band with certainly solution, specifically a kind of concave single-roller rapid quenching with quenching.
Technical background
Single-roller rapid quenching with quenching, revolves solidifying method, continuous casting of thin strip method also known as the cold roller of melt.Than the method for the production amorphous state band that Dare (Bedell) is invented, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Motlten metal is injected in the chill roll surface of High Rotation Speed and becomes weld pool in gravity, wetting action lower berth spread; The boundary layer that weld pool contacts with chill roll is solidified by chilling, and together rotates continuation cooling formation metal sheet band with chill roll; Depart under metal sheet band autogenous shrinkage and centrifugal action running roller rim faces [first spring in spring, Li Derong. the characteristic [J] of planar flow casting puddle. Harbin Institute of Technology's journal, 2000,24(4): 273 ?274].
F
frictional force: running roller and melt contacts face form the thin solidification layer of one deck and are attached to roller surface and accelerate by rotating running roller, there is velocity gradient in melt, and with running roller contact surface speed is comparatively large, free surface velocity is less, the inner power mutually suffered by motion of melt, is expressed as F
frictional force.
F
adhesive force: refer to that certain material is attached to the ability of another kind of material surface, specifically refer to that melt is attached to the ability of roller surface at this.
F
centrifugal force: molten metal is accelerated to rotate with running roller by running roller, and produces the centrifugal force departing from pivot.
Get rid of melt in band process at single-roller rapid quenching with quenching and be subject to centrifugal force F
centrifugal force, adhesive force F
adhesive force, tangential stress F
frictional forceacting in conjunction.
Weld pool: refer to molten metal from nozzle out roller surface capable become the liquid-solid metal development area of definite shape, in this region, complete molten metal sprawl, solidify.
Running roller High Rotation Speed provides a tangential stress F to weld pool
frictional forceand drive weld pool to move to equidirectional.Fig. 3 is the initial weld pool pattern (solid line) of melt pull amorphous wire and prepares weld pool pattern (dotted line) in amorphous wire process, as can be seen from the figure the wetting and static state in melt draw process between melting foundry alloy and running roller is wetting obvious difference [Yu Shengsheng, Sun Jian flies .CoFeSiB alloy melt and takes out the characteristic research that draws wire [D]. Harbin Institute of Technology (Harbin), 2011:5 ?6].In melt draw process, there is acute variation along the direction that running roller rotates in weld pool pattern; Angle of wetting is by static angle of wetting θ simultaneously
ebecome contacts upstream angle θ
uwith downstream contact angle θ
d, that wherein can reflect the dynamic wettability of melting foundry alloy on running roller is θ
d.θ
dless, dynamic wettability is better, and the direction that weld pool more rotates toward wheel disc changes.S.olsen etc. [M.Allahverdi, RobinA.L.Drew, Strom ?Olsen.WettingandmeltextractioncharacteristicsofZrO
2?Al
2o
3basedmaterials [J] .JournalofAmericanCeramicSociety.1997,80:2910 ?2916] although find static wetability very poor (angle of wetting reach 140 ° ?160 °), but the existence of tangential stress causes dynamic moisture angle very little, and wettability is improved.M.Allahverdi etc. [Huang Shiying. single roller quench forms kinetics equation group and checking III [J] thereof of amorphous ribbon. instrument material., 1985,18 (4): 160 ?164] obtained dynamic moisture and the weld pool pattern of the molten metal drop under different wheel disc rotating speed, molten bath length L and thickness δ by high speed photography; Along with the increase tangential stress F of wheel speed V
frictional forceincrease, melt spreading area is larger.
It is outside perpendicular to running roller contact surface that prior art melt is subject to centrifugal force, centrifugal force makes melt tend to come off roller surface instead of sprawl at roller surface, when centrifugal force is greater than adhesive force, molten metal also fully cooling just to come off roller surface, form fluid spills phenomenon.Such as rotating speed 40m/s, roller diameter 0.4m, suffered by liquid metals, centrifugal acceleration reaches 816g, is easy to occur fluid spills phenomenon.
Prior art effectively can be sprawled at roller surface for making melt, improve the wetability of running roller and melt, need to consider viscosity (μ), surface tension (γ), wetability, surface roughness (Ra), temperature (T), phase transformation factor, regulate melt jet speed, angle, distance, roller speed, multiple parameters such as running roller material wets, increase process complexity, large for some molten metal viscosity, not good molten metal material is soaked with running roller, in any case adjusting process parameter is all difficult to into band, can not get smooth surface, uniform rapidly solidified material [Mao Zhonghan. the manufacture method [J] of amorphous alloy. rare metal alloy is processed, 1980, 01:11-15].
Amorphous or metastable phase, have the performance of the aspects such as superior mechanics, optics, magnetics, in order to obtain required amorphous or metastable phase crystallite band, needs 10
6~ 10
8cooldown rate during more than K/s.Know that the heat-transferring method fast quenching process is total is mainly Newtonian Cooling:
ρ
lfor metal liquid density, С
plfor metal liquid phase specific heat at constant pressure, turn hot coefficient of α aluminium alloy and chill roll.H is the thickness of metal sheet band.As can be seen here, the thickness of cooling velocity and alloy thin band is inversely proportional to, and is directly proportional to roller speed.
Existing technology adopts the rotating speed strengthening running roller to improve cooldown rate.When wheel disc rotating speed is brought up to a certain degree, thickness of strip does not decline how many, and strip surface draw vestige too large, surface roughness strengthens, occur netted and empty, affect strip quality, centrifugal force strengthens simultaneously, melt easily causes fluid spills phenomenon under centrifugal action, affects production safety.So chill roll rotating speed generally can not be too large, linear velocity is less than 35m/s.
Prior art is taked to be that the size reducing nozzle reduces to get rid of tape thickness, improve cooling velocity, but by the impact of molten metal purity, nozzle is easily stopped spray band by the impurity blocking in molten metal, simultaneously to flow through the molten metal flow of nozzle too small the unit interval, nozzle place metal liquid solidifies and plug nozzle because constantly cooling, so the diameter of nozzle can not be too small, is generally 0.6-0.12 millimeter, molten metal will keep certain degree of superheat simultaneously, to ensure continuous print spray band.In existing technical conditions, due to the restriction of techniques and methods, can only spray for the amorphous alloy strips of 30-60 micron.
Existing technology is exactly adopt the running roller material of high heat conductance, but along with the raising of wheel disc thermal conductivity, after the melt pull unit interval, weld pool inner melt residuals temperatures reduces gradually, solidifies required time shorter, and melt spreading area on running roller is less, wetability is poorer, and tapability can be poorer.When selecting metal wheel disc, cooling velocity and tapability can enough be taken into account.
R wave: the periodic dimple referring to the certain rule that the metal of fluid column or ot-yet-hardened presents under the comprehensive function of surface tension and gravity
Prior art is prepared amorphous band surface and is easily formed R wave defect and being involved in property gas hole.Form eddy current when roller speed is lower around the band scope of freedom and cause the disturbance of melt pull layer, amorphous ribbon surface easily forms R wave.The forming process of whole R wave can be divided into 3 stages: (1) melt contacts with running roller; (2) melt pull layer is with running roller associated movement; (3) melt pull layer is separated with running roller.When running roller and melt contacts, due to the chilling action at wheel disc tip, form the solidification layer that one deck is very thin, this solidification layer can be regarded as heat boundary layer δ
t.Momentum boundary layer δ
vbe far longer than heat boundary layer δ
t, except heat boundary layer δ
touter whole momentum boundary layer δ
vall be in liquid state, melt pull layer running roller associated movement melt is formed in liquid state by R wave after disturbance.When flying in semi-solid boundary layer in protective gas, owing to now having departed from wheel rim, process of setting has mainly carried out heat transfer by convection current and radiation, and cooling velocity reduces rapidly, causes R wave size to further expand, and forms R wave defect.When wheel disc rotating speed is higher, being involved in of protective gas causes melt pull layer to solidify not yet completely just rupturing.
Patent (200810247383.7) proposes a kind of method by improving liquid metal alloy jet velocity and obtains smooth surface, uniform rapidly solidified material, but and can only deciding section material get rid of band problem, can't solve very well for high viscosity, non-wetted alloy melt
So how certainly separating single-roller rapid quenching with quenching tapability energy, exploitation new equipment new technology necessitates.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of newly get rid of band method, overcome the problems of the prior art, namely solve single roller soon fast solidifying strip melt fluid spills in solidifying thin strip process, not easily become band, there is the problems such as Rayleigh defect, bubble in strip, prepares that a kind of size is thinner, surface smoothness is higher, the better fast quenching amorphous alloy ribbon of performance.
For certainly separating the problems referred to above core scheme of the present invention be: the structure changing running roller, adopt internal roller type running roller, employing internal roller type running roller is the straight tube structure of hollow, melt jet is on the inner surface of the internal roller type running roller rotated around central shaft, the inner surface of internal roller type running roller is straight barrel type (as Fig. 4), and the direction of centrifugal force suffered by melt is pointed in contact surface from upwards becoming perpendicular to contact surface perpendicular to contact surface.At inner surface edge amorphous thin ribbon cooling autogenous shrinkage, and peel off strip or taking-up equipment collection strip with gas nozzle.One aspect of the present invention can reduce perpendicular contact towards upper centrifugal force, solves the problem that melt splashes.
The present invention's disc-type single roller of illustrating gets rid of band method, is characterized in:
(1) the logical cooling water in running roller interlayer inside, running roller inner surface is as contact surface and central axis (as Fig. 4).
(2) melt material melts through smelting furnace, is injected on running roller inner surface through nozzle.
(3) melt forms weld pool at inner surface, and cooling forms thin and smooth amorphous thin ribbon.
(4) at inner surface edge amorphous thin ribbon cooling autogenous shrinkage, and strip or taking-up equipment collection strip is peeled off with gas nozzle.
(5) band method of getting rid of of the present invention can the parameter of regulation cock band process according to specific needs.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows
1. in prior art, metal is sprayed on the outer surface of running roller, metal bath perpendicular to running roller contact surface outwards (Fig. 1) is subject to centrifugal force, melt effectively can not be sprawled at roller surface, when centrifugal force is greater than adhesive force, molten metal also fully cooling just to come off roller surface, form fluid spills phenomenon.The present invention changes roller type as disc type into makes centrifugal force direction change, from upwards becoming downwards perpendicular to contact surface, perpendicular contact can be reduced towards upper centrifugal force on the one hand, solve the problem of being splashed by melt, powerful centrifugal force (can reach 400 ~ 800G) impels melt to sprawl at running roller inner surface simultaneously, the melt that viscosity is large, wetability is poor can be made to sprawl at roller surface, and melt is sprawled thinner rapider simultaneously, makes melt have enough cooldown rates.
2. prior art ensures Melt Stability and prevents the necessary condition of spray nozzle clogging, the temperature of weld pool keeps certain degree of superheat, adopt the running roller material (as copper roller, molybdenum roller) of high heat conductance, although can ensure the cooling velocity of melt, after the melt pull unit interval, weld pool inner melt residuals temperatures is lower, solidify required time too short, melt also does not have enough time to sprawl just to solidify on running roller, is unfavorable for that melt is sprawled, and tapability can be poor; Melt of the present invention is at F
centrifugal forcethe lower melt of effect is sprawled thinner rapider, and area is comparatively large, and tapability can be better.
3. existing technology adopts high rotating speed to obtain enough degree of supercoolings, and high rotating speed easily makes protective gas around weld pool be involved in weld pool, and melt rotates with running roller and deflects simultaneously, and too high rotating speed easily causes melt pull layer to rupture.And one aspect of the present invention is due to melt F
from mental and physical effortseffect is lower promotes that melt is sprawled fast, just can obtain enough cooling velocities and strip spreading area, do not need too high rotating speed under low roller speed.
4. existing technology can only obtain by reducing the method for nozzle diameter the amorphous ribbon that thickness is greater than 20 microns, but also often occurs that spray nozzle clogging interrupts spray band or belt phenomenon, and production efficiency is not high.Melt of the present invention is at F
centrifugal forceafter the melt pull unit interval, weld pool residuals temperatures raises, and melt increases in territory, exhibition section, running roller upper berth, thickness is less, without the need to just obtaining very thin amorphous ribbon with too small nozzle, there will not be spray nozzle clogging phenomenon, improve width and the spray band efficiency of amorphous ribbon simultaneously.
5. prior art is got rid of in band process and is easily formed R wave defect.The present invention is at melt F
centrifugal forceeffect is lower promotes that melt sprawls flakiness fast, and rapid condensation is solid-state, and R wave can only be to be formed in liquid state, reduces the generation of R wave defect, obtains ganoid strip.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 drum type brake list roller is solidifying thin strip process schematic diagram soon
1, chill roll 2, nozzle 3, molten metal 4, soon solidifying strip;
Fig. 2 drum type brake list roller is solidifying thin strip process weld pool schematic diagram soon
1, chill roll 2, molten metal injection 3, molten metal 4, soon solidifying strip;
Dynamic wettability under the effect of Fig. 3 shearing stress
1. liquid metals 2, roller surface, θ
estatic contact angle, θ
ucontacts upstream angle, θ
ddownstream contact angle.Shi Xian ?the static pattern of weld pool, Xu Xian ?weld pool dynamic profile figure;
Fig. 4 internal roller type melt spinning sectional view
1, internal roller type list roller 2, nozzle 3, weld pool 4. amorphous thin ribbon 5, gas nozzle;
Fig. 5 internal roller type melt spinning schematic diagram
1, chill roll 2, nozzle 3, weld pool 4. amorphous thin ribbon 5, gas nozzle.
Detailed description of the invention
Describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail below in conjunction with embodiment, but the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to following examples.
Embodiment 1:
A preparation method for fast quenching amorphous alloy ribbon, comprise batching, melting, secondary smelting, spray band, collect, its chemical composition mass percent is: 21.57%Sm, 72.84%Fe, 1.66%Zr, 3.93%Co.
Use 99.5% samarium metal, ingot iron, metallic cobalt, metal zirconium are raw material, adopt the melting of intermediate frequency vacuum induction melting furnace, first vacuumize before melting at vacuum cavity, then adopt high-purity argon gas to be protective gas, avoid alloy oxidation.Smelting temperature is 1600 DEG C.Secondary fusion in inductionization ladle, sets up spray band pressure in nozzle bag, and spray band pressure is 0.10Mpa.Protective atmosphere pressure is 0.05Mpa.
Internal roller type running roller is prepared into, the logical circulating water in running roller inside with molybdenum.Chill roll internal diameter is 400mm, and running roller edge line speed is 24m/s.Chill roll finish turning in place: ensure to roll surface roughness Ra<0.2 μm.
Nozzle bore 0.5mm, nozzle near running roller edge, from running roller edge 20mm.
Molten metal cools after being ejected into running roller inner surface fast, forms fast solidifying strip, adds strip gas nozzle at chill roll end, by air-flow, roller surface amorphous ribbon is peeled away, nitrogen gas nozzle diameter is 2mm, and air pressure is 0.5Mpa, collects after the amorphous band that comes off.
Obtaining thickness is 8 ~ 9 microns of uniform strips, the Sm that surface roughness is less than 0.24 μm
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6, in process, not there is splash phenomena in fast solidifying strip, do not occur in alloy α ?Fe soft magnetism phase, form Sm through grinding, nitrogenize
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6n
x, after making bonded permanent magnet, magnetic property is B
r=1.09T, (BH)
max=23.8MGOe.
And the factors such as the composition of comparative example 1, roller diameter, roller speed, jet size are identical, cylinder roller type is adopted to get rid of band method (Fig. 1).Obtain strip profile uniformity poor, there is the alloy that different morphologies is not of uniform size, even sometimes fluid spills phenomenon occurs, occur spheric granules.There is a large amount of α-Fe, SmFe
3phase, magnetic energy product is less.
Table 1, embodiment and comparative example contrast
Embodiment 2:
The circular cone that embodiment 2 adopts makes to coagulate thin strip process soon, and other parameter embodiment 1 differences are roller speeds is 16m/s.Obtaining thickness is 9 ~ 12 microns of strips, the Sm that surface roughness is less than 0.22 μm
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6, in process, not there is splash phenomena in strip, do not occur in alloy α ?Fe soft magnetism phase, through grinding, nitrogenize formed Sm
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6n
x, after making bonded permanent magnet, magnetic property is B
r=1.07T, (BH)
max=23.2MGOe.Comparative example 1 and embodiment 2, the rotating speed of running roller declines, and strip thickness slightly increases, and bonded permanent magnet magnetic energy product slightly declines,
Comparative example 2, adopt roller type solidifying thin strip process soon, other parameters are as embodiment 2.Sm
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6strip is solidifying thin slice soon, although there is not melt splash phenomena, the fast solidifying sheet thickness obtained reaches 30 ~ 50 microns, and the XRD diffraction maximum of α-Fe phase is higher simultaneously, through the Sm of grinding, nitrogenize, bonding
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6n
xmagnet magnetic energy product is less.
Table 1, embodiment and comparative example contrast
Claims (1)
1. a preparation method for fast quenching amorphous alloy ribbon, comprise batching, melting, secondary smelting, spray band, collect, its chemical composition mass percent is: 21.57%Sm, 72.84%Fe, 1.66%Zr, 3.93%Co;
Use 99.5% samarium metal, ingot iron, metallic cobalt, metal zirconium are raw material, adopt the melting of intermediate frequency vacuum induction melting furnace, first vacuumize before melting at vacuum cavity, then adopt high-purity argon gas to be protective gas, avoid alloy oxidation; Smelting temperature is 1600 DEG C; Secondary fusion in inductionization ladle, sets up spray band pressure in nozzle bag, and spray band pressure is 0.10Mpa; Protective atmosphere pressure is 0.05Mpa;
Internal roller type running roller is prepared into, the logical circulating water in internal roller type running roller inside with molybdenum; Internal roller type running roller internal diameter is 400mm, and internal roller type running roller edge line speed is 24m/s; Internal roller type running roller finish turning in place, ensures roll surface roughness Ra <0.2 μm;
Nozzle bore 0.5mm, nozzle near internal roller type running roller edge, from internal roller type running roller edge 20mm;
Molten metal cools after being ejected into internal roller type running roller inner surface fast, forms fast solidifying strip, adds strip gas nozzle at internal roller type running roller end, by air-flow, internal roller type roller surface amorphous ribbon is peeled away, nitrogen gas nozzle diameter is 2mm, and air pressure is 0.5Mpa, collects after the amorphous band that comes off;
Obtaining thickness is 8 ~ 9 microns of uniform strips, the Sm that surface roughness is less than 0.24 μm
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6, not there is splash phenomena in process, not occurring α-Fe soft magnetism phase in alloy in fast solidifying strip, forms Sm through grinding, nitrogenize
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6n
x, after making bonded permanent magnet, magnetic property is B
r=1.09T, (BH)
max=23.8MGOe.
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| JPS5629639A (en) * | 1979-08-17 | 1981-03-25 | Seiko Instr & Electronics Ltd | Amorphous rare earth magnets and producing thereof |
| JPS57134248A (en) * | 1981-02-10 | 1982-08-19 | Takeshi Masumoto | Production of amorphous metallic filament |
| JPS5770062A (en) * | 1980-10-20 | 1982-04-30 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Method and device for producing amorphous metallic coil |
| JPS5947049A (en) * | 1982-09-10 | 1984-03-16 | Nippon Steel Corp | Method and device for casting thin sheet |
| JPS6054248A (en) * | 1983-09-02 | 1985-03-28 | Itsuo Onaka | Production of solidified metal |
| JPS61229443A (en) * | 1985-04-03 | 1986-10-13 | Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd | Production of fine wire |
| JPH0620594B2 (en) * | 1985-07-24 | 1994-03-23 | 住友電気工業株式会社 | Fine wire manufacturing method |
| JPH01249247A (en) * | 1988-03-30 | 1989-10-04 | Aichi Steel Works Ltd | Method for producing solder extreme fine wire |
| US9022097B2 (en) * | 2011-11-14 | 2015-05-05 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Method and installation for manufacturing thin metal strip |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4301854A (en) * | 1977-10-05 | 1981-11-24 | Allied Corporation | Chill roll casting of continuous filament |
| EP0039169A2 (en) * | 1980-04-17 | 1981-11-04 | Tsuyoshi Masumoto | Amorphous metal filaments and process for producing the same |
| US4804153A (en) * | 1985-06-26 | 1989-02-14 | Sumitomo Electric Industries, Ltd. | Method and apparatus for withdrawing long-sized objects |
| US5392838A (en) * | 1991-02-08 | 1995-02-28 | Compagnie Generale Des Establissements Michelin - Michelin & Cie | Method and device for the continuous production of a thread by extrusion into a liquid |
| EP0570490B1 (en) * | 1991-02-08 | 1995-12-13 | COMPAGNIE GENERALE DES ETABLISSEMENTS MICHELIN-MICHELIN & CIE | Method and device for the continuous production of a wire by extrusion in a liquid |
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