CN103658574A - Method for preparing amorphous alloy thin strip through quenching conical single roller quickly - Google Patents
Method for preparing amorphous alloy thin strip through quenching conical single roller quickly Download PDFInfo
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- CN103658574A CN103658574A CN201310661006.9A CN201310661006A CN103658574A CN 103658574 A CN103658574 A CN 103658574A CN 201310661006 A CN201310661006 A CN 201310661006A CN 103658574 A CN103658574 A CN 103658574A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing an amorphous alloy thin strip through quenching conical single roller quickly and belongs to the technical field of alloy thin strip preparation. According to the method, a conical roll wheel is adopted, and melt is sprayed to a conical inclined slope face rotating around a conical central shaft and is made to form an included angle with a contact face from being perpendicular to the contact face due to the function of centrifugal force. On the edge of the conical inclined slope face, the amorphous alloy thin strip cools itself, contracts and comes off a roll wheel by itself under the action of centrifugal force. The thin strip prepared through the method in thinner is size, higher in surface smoothness, and better in performance.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy thin band preparing technical field, relate to a kind of novel single roller and get rid of with method and get rid of the problem of splashing, being difficult to into band with drop in process with solution certainly, specifically a kind of disc type single-roller rapid quenching with quenching.
Technical background
Single-roller rapid quenching with quenching, also claims the cold roller of melt to revolve solidifying method, continuous casting of thin strip method.Than the method for the production amorphous state band of Dare (Bedell) invention, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.Motlten metal is injected in the chill roll surface of High Rotation Speed and becomes weld pool in gravity, wetting action lower berth spread; The boundary layer that weld pool contacts with chill roll is solidified by chilling, and together rotates and continue cooling formation metal sheet band with chill roll; Under metal sheet band autogenous shrinkage and centrifugal action, depart from running roller rim faces [first spring in spring, Li Derong. the characteristic of planar flow casting puddle [J]. Harbin Institute of Technology's journal, 2000,24(4): 273 ?274].
F
frictional force: running roller and melt contact-making surface form the thin solidification layer of one deck and are attached to roller surface and are rotated running roller and accelerate, and have velocity gradient in melt, and with running roller contact-making surface speed is large, free surface velocity is less, the suffered power of the inner motion mutually of melt, is expressed as F
frictional force.
F
adhesive force: refer to that certain material is attached to the ability of another kind of material surface, at this, specifically refer to that melt is attached to the ability of roller surface.
F
centrifugal force: melt metal is accelerated to rotate with running roller by running roller, and produces the centrifugal force that departs from pivot.
At single-roller rapid quenching with quenching, get rid of melt in band process and be subject to centrifugal force F
centrifugal force, adhesive force F
adhesive force, tangential stress F
frictional forceacting in conjunction.
Weld pool: refer to melt metal from nozzle out at the capable liquid-solid metal development area that becomes definite shape of roller surface, in this region, complete melt metal and sprawl, solidify.
Running roller High Rotation Speed provides a tangential stress F to weld pool
frictional forceand drive weld pool to move to equidirectional.Fig. 3 is the initial weld pool pattern of melt pull amorphous wire (solid line) and prepares weld pool pattern (dotted line) in amorphous wire process, as can be seen from the figure in melt pull process, wetting and static the soaking between melting foundry alloy and running roller has obvious difference [Yu Shengsheng, Sun Jian flies .CoFeSiB alloy melt and takes out the characteristic research that draws wire [D]. Harbin Institute of Technology (Harbin), 2011:5 ?6].In melt pull process, the direction generation acute variation that weld pool pattern rotates along running roller; Angle of wetting is by static angle of wetting θ simultaneously
ebecome upstream contact angle θ
uwith downstream contact angle θ
d, that wherein can reflect the dynamic wettability of melting foundry alloy on running roller is θ
d.θ
dless, dynamic wettability is better, and the direction that the more past wheel disc of weld pool rotates changes.[the M.Allahverdi such as S.olsen, Robin A.L.Drew, Strom ?Olsen.Wetting and melt extractioncharacteristics of ZrO2 ?Al2O3based materials[J] .Journal of American Ceramic Society.1997,80:2910 ?2916] although find static wetability very poor (angle of wetting reach 140 ° ?160 °), but the existence of tangential stress causes dynamic moisture angle very little, and wettability is improved.[the M.Allahverdi such as M.Allahverdi, R.A.L.Drew, Strom ?Olsen.Melt extraction and properties ofZrO2 ?Al2O3 ?Based fibers[J] .Ceramic Engineering and Science Proceedings.2008:1015 ?1025], [Huang Shiying. single roller quench forms kinetics equation group and the checking III [J] thereof of amorphous ribbon. instrument material., 1985, 18 (4): 160 ?164] by high speed photography, obtained dynamic moisture and the weld pool pattern of the molten metal drop under different wheel disc rotating speeds, molten bath length L and thickness δ, increase tangential stress F along with wheel speed V
frictional forceincrease, melt spreading area is larger.
It is outside perpendicular to running roller contact-making surface that prior art melt is subject to centrifugal force, centrifugal force makes melt tend to come off roller surface rather than sprawl at roller surface, when centrifugal force is greater than adhesive force, melt metal is the inabundant cooling roller surface that just comes off also, forms drop splash phenomena.Rotating speed 40m/s for example, running roller diameter 0.4m, the suffered centrifugal acceleration of liquid metals reaches 816g, is easy to occur drop splash phenomena.
Prior art is for effectively sprawling at roller surface melt, improve the wetability of running roller and melt, need to consider viscosity (μ), surface tension (γ), wetability, surface roughness (Ra), temperature (T), phase transformation factor, regulate melt jet speed, angle, distance, roller speed, a plurality of parameters such as running roller material wetability, increase process complexity [Mao Zhonghan. the manufacture method of amorphous alloy [J]. rare metal alloy processing, 1980, 01:11 ?15], large for some melt metal viscosity, the melt metal material wetting not good with running roller, in any case adjusting process parameter is all difficult to into band, can not get smooth surface, uniform rapidly solidified material Jin Shuhuohejinrongtiyi104～106℃/s
[5].
Amorphous or metastable phase, have the performance of the aspects such as superior mechanics, optics, magnetics, in order to obtain required amorphous or metastable phase crystallite band, needs 10
6～10
8cooldown rate when K/s is above.Known at the total heat-transferring method of fast quenching process and be mainly Newtonian Cooling:
ρ
lfor metal liquid density, С
plfor metal liquid phase specific heat at constant pressure, α aluminium alloy and chill roll turn hot coefficient.H is the thickness of metal sheet band.As can be seen here, the thickness of cooling velocity and alloy thin band is inversely proportional to, and is directly proportional to roller speed.
Existing technology adopts the rotating speed that strengthens running roller to improve cooldown rate.When wheel disc rotating speed is brought up to a certain degree, thickness of strip does not decline how many, and strip surface draw vestige too large, surface roughness strengthens, occur nettedly and empty, affect strip quality, centrifugal force strengthens simultaneously, melt easily causes drop splash phenomena under centrifugal action, affects production safety.So chill roll rotating speed generally can not be too large, linear velocity is less than 35m/s.
It is that the size that reduces nozzle reduces to get rid of tape thickness, improves cooling velocity that prior art is taked, but be subject to the impact of melt metal purity, nozzle is easily stopped up by the impurity in molten metal and ends spray and be with, simultaneously to flow through the molten metal flow of nozzle too small the unit interval, nozzle place metal liquid solidifies plug nozzle because constantly cooling, so the diameter of nozzle can not be too small, is generally 0.6-0.12 millimeter, melt metal will keep certain degree of superheat simultaneously, to guarantee continuous spray band.In existing technical conditions, due to the restriction of technology and method, can only spray for the amorphous alloy strips of 30-60 micron.
Existing technology is exactly the running roller material that adopts high heat conductance, but along with the raising of wheel disc thermal conductivity, after the melt pull unit interval, the inner melt residuals temperatures of weld pool reduces gradually, solidifies required time shorter, and melt spreading area on running roller is less, wetability is poorer, and tapability can be poorer.When selecting metal wheel disc, cooling velocity and tapability can enough take into account [Yu Shengsheng, Sun Jian flies .CoFeSiB alloy melt and takes out the characteristic research that draws wire [D]. Harbin Institute of Technology (Harbin), 2011:5 ?6].
R wave: the periodic dimple that refers to the certain rule that the metal of fluid column or ot-yet-hardened presents under the comprehensive function of surface tension and gravity
Prior art is prepared amorphous band surface and is easily formed R wave defect and being involved in property gas hole.When roller speed is lower, around the band scope of freedom, form eddy current and cause the disturbance of melt pull layer, amorphous ribbon surface easily forms R wave.The forming process of whole R wave can be divided into 3 stages: (1) melt contacts with running roller; (2) melt pull layer is with running roller associated movement; (3) melt pull layer is separated with running roller.When running roller contacts with melt, due to the chilling action at wheel disc tip, form the very thin solidification layer of one deck, this solidification layer can be regarded as heat boundary layer δ
t.Momentum boundary layer δ
vbe far longer than heat boundary layer δ
t, except heat boundary layer δ
touter whole momentum boundary layer δ
vall, in liquid state, after melt pull layer running roller associated movement melt is subject to disturbance, R wave forms in liquid state.When fly in semi-solid boundary layer in protective gas, owing to now having departed from wheel rim, process of setting is mainly to carry out heat conduction by convection current and radiation, and cooling velocity reduces rapidly, causes R wave size to further expand, and forms R wave defect.When wheel disc rotating speed is higher, being involved in of protective gas causes melt pull layer not yet completely to solidify just and rupture.
Patent (200810247383.7) has proposed a kind of method by raising liquid metals alloy jet velocity and has obtained smooth surface, uniform rapidly solidified material Jin Shuhuohejinrongtiyi104～106℃/s, but and the band problem of getting rid of that can only deciding section material, for high viscosity, non-wetted alloy melt, can't finely solve.
So, how certainly to separate single-roller rapid quenching with quenching tapability energy, exploitation new equipment new technology necessitates.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of new band method of getting rid of, overcome the problems of the prior art, fast solidifying strip melt drop splashes, is difficult for into band in solidifying thin strip process soon, strip exists the problems such as Rayleigh defect, bubble to solve single roller, prepares that a kind of size is thinner, surface smoothness is higher, the better fast quenching amorphous alloy ribbon of performance.
For certainly separating the problems referred to above core scheme of the present invention, be: the structure that changes running roller, adopt circular cone type running roller, melt jet is on the cone inclined around the rotation of circular cone central shaft is domatic (as Fig. 4), make the direction of the suffered centrifugal force of melt from upwards becoming with tactile face and have angle perpendicular to contact-making surface, under the cooling autogenous shrinkage of the domatic edge of cone inclined amorphous thin ribbon and centrifugal action, depart from voluntarily running roller.
The component of centrifugal force comprises the outside power of vertical conical contact-making surface and parallel circular cone contact-making surface, the centrifugal force making progress with respect to the on the one hand vertical contact-making surface of prior art like this reduces, can solve the problem that melt splashes, the centrifugal force component that is parallel on the other hand contact-making surface can improve dynamic wettability (as Fig. 3), with F
frictional forcepromote together melt on contact-making surface along disk diameter to tangentially sprawl fast.
Circular cone type melt spinning of the present invention, is characterized in:
(1) the inner logical cooling water of circular cone along central shaft rotation, cone inclined is domatic to be greater than 0 ° as contact-making surface and central shaft angle and to be less than 90 °, preferably 45～80 °.
(2) melt material melts through smelting furnace, through nozzle ejection on cone inclined is domatic.
(3) melt is at the domatic formation weld pool of cone inclined, and under centrifugal force, frictional force, gravity acting in conjunction, melt is sprawled, and the thin and smooth amorphous thin ribbon of cooling formation.
(4) under the cooling autogenous shrinkage of the domatic edge of cone inclined amorphous thin ribbon and centrifugal action, depart from voluntarily running roller.
(5) circular cone type melt spinning of the present invention can need to regulate the parameter of getting rid of with process as the case may be.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. in prior art, metal is sprayed on the outer surface of running roller, metal bath is subject to centrifugal force perpendicular to running roller contact-making surface outside (Fig. 1), melt can not effectively be sprawled at roller surface, when centrifugal force is greater than wetting power, melt metal is the inabundant cooling roller surface that just comes off also, forms drop splash phenomena.The present invention changes roller type as circular cone type into changes centrifugal force direction, from upwards becoming with contact-making surface and have angle perpendicular to contact-making surface, can reduce the centrifugal force that vertical contact-making surface makes progress on the one hand, solves the problem of being splashed by melt.Be parallel on the other hand running roller slope centrifugal force component and F
frictional forceunder acting in conjunction, radially domatic along cone inclined and tangentially sprawl fast, form the band of smooth surface even thickness.Can prepare thinner, need cooling velocity amorphous band faster.
2. the necessary condition of spray nozzle clogging is stablized and prevented to prior art assurance melt, the temperature of weld pool keeps certain degree of superheat, adopt the running roller material (as copper roller, molybdenum roller) of high heat conductance, although can guarantee the cooling velocity of melt, after the melt pull unit interval, the inner melt residuals temperatures of weld pool is lower, solidify required time too short, melt also does not have enough time just to sprawl to solidify on running roller, is unfavorable for that melt sprawls, and tapability can be poor; The molten layer of taking out of the present invention is at F
centrifugal forceand F
friction powerunder pull effect, sprawl speed, melt spreading area is larger, and tapability can be better.
3. existing technology adopts high rotating speed to obtain enough degree of supercoolings, high rotating speed easily make weld pool around protective gas be involved in weld pool, melt rotates and deflects with running roller simultaneously, too high rotating speed easily causes melt pull layer to rupture.And one aspect of the present invention is because the molten layer of taking out is at F
centrifugal forceand F
frictional forceunder pull effect, sprawl fast, under low roller speed, just can obtain enough cooling velocities and strip spreading area, do not need too high rotating speed.
4. under existing technical conditions, can only obtain thickness and be greater than 20 microns of narrower amorphous ribbons, but also often occur spray nozzle clogging interruption spray band or belt phenomenon, or occur the defects such as cavity and R wave, production efficiency is not high.Melt of the present invention is at F
centrifugal forceand F
frictional forceunder pull effect, accelerate the speed of sprawling, after the melt pull unit interval, weld pool residuals temperatures raises, melt increases in territory, exhibition section, running roller upper berth, thickness is less, without the nozzle with too small, just can obtain very thin amorphous ribbon, there will not be spray nozzle clogging phenomenon, improve width and the spray band efficiency of amorphous ribbon simultaneously.
5. prior art is got rid of the easy R wave defect that forms in band process.The present invention at melt at F
centrifugal powerand F
frictional forceunder pull effect, melt is sprawled very thinly, and rapid condensation is solid-state, and R wave can only be to form in liquid state, reduces the generation of R wave defect, obtains ganoid strip.
6. circular cone of the present invention slope and rotating shaft have an angle, make melt be subject to the vertical slope of a centrifugal force component outside, can make cooled amorphous ribbon under centrifugal action, more easily depart from running roller face.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 cylinder list roller is solidifying thin strip process schematic diagram soon
1, chill roll 2, nozzle 3, molten metal 4, solidifying strip soon;
Fig. 2 cylinder list roller is solidifying thin strip process weld pool schematic diagram soon
1, chill roll 2, melt metal jet 3, molten metal 4, solidifying strip soon;
Dynamic wettability under the effect of Fig. 3 shearing stress
1. liquid metals 2, roller surface.θ
estatic contact angle, θ
uupstream contact angle, θ
ddownstream contact angle.Shi Xian ?the static pattern of weld pool, Xu Xian ?weld pool dynamic profile figure;
Fig. 4 circular cone type melt spinning schematic diagram
1, circular cone type chill roll 2, nozzle 3, weld pool;
Fig. 5 circular cone type melt spinning sectional view
1, circular cone type chill roll 2, nozzle 3, weld pool;
Fig. 6 circular cone type melt spinning embodiment schematic diagram
1, dragging motor 2, running roller 3, melt metallic nozzle 4, valve 5, Pressure gauge, 6, metal molten stove.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, describe the specific embodiment of the present invention in detail, but the specific embodiment of the present invention is not limited to following examples.Fig. 5 is shown in by the equipment schematic diagram of following examples circular cone type melt spinning.
Embodiment 1:
A preparation method for fast quenching amorphous alloy ribbon, comprises batching, melting, secondary smelting, spray band, collects, and its chemical composition mass percent is: 21.57%Sm, 72.84%Fe, 1.66%Zr, 3.93%Co.
By 99.5% samarium metal, ingot iron, metallic cobalt, metal zirconium, be raw material, adopt the melting of intermediate frequency vacuum induction melting furnace, before melting, at vacuum cavity, first vacuumize, then adopting high-purity argon gas is protective gas, avoids alloy oxidation.Smelting temperature is 1600 ℃.Secondary fusion in inductionization ladle is set up spray band pressure in nozzle bag, and spray band pressure is 0.05Mpa.Protective atmosphere pressure is 0.01Mpa.
With molybdenum, be prepared into circular cone type running roller, cone inclined domatic with central shaft angle be 80 °, the inner logical circulating water of plane running roller.Chill roll diameter is 400mm, and running roller edge line speed is 24m/s.Chill roll finish turning in place: guarantee to roll surface roughness Ra<0.2 μ m.
Nozzle bore 0.5mm, nozzle is near running roller edge, from running roller edge 20mm.
Melt metal jet is sprawled coolingly to cone inclined is domatic fast afterwards, forms fast solidifying strip, departs from voluntarily running roller under cooling autogenous shrinkage and centrifugal action.And to obtain thickness be 12～14 microns of uniform strips, surface roughness is less than the Sm of 0.3 μ m
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6fast solidifying strip, gets rid of and in band process, does not occur splash phenomena, in alloy, do not occur a ?Fe soft magnetism phase, through grinding, nitrogenize, form Sm
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6n
x, to make after bonded permanent magnet, magnetic property is B
r=0.95T, (BH)
max=23.4MGOe.
And the parameters such as the composition of comparative example 1, running roller diameter, roller speed, jet size are identical with embodiment 1, factor is identical, and difference is to adopt roller type to get rid of band method (Fig. 1).Because the easy melt metal of centrifugal action splashes, a small amount of discontinuous strip of acquisition, strip thickness is thicker, roughness is larger, and magnetic energy product is less.
Table 1, embodiment and comparative example contrast
Embodiment 2:
The circular cone type that the present embodiment adopts is solidifying thin strip process soon, the Sm of preparation
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6fast solidifying strip, difference be cone inclined domatic with central shaft angle be 45 °, other parameters are as embodiment 1.Obtaining thickness is 18～19 microns of uniform strips, and surface roughness is less than the Sm of 0.3 μ m
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6fast solidifying strip is solidifying strip soon, gets rid of and in band process, does not occur splash phenomena.In alloy, do not occur a ?Fe soft magnetism phase, through grinding, nitrogenize, form Sm
1.0zr
0.3fe
8.1co
0.6n
x, to make after bonded permanent magnet, magnetic property is B
r=0.97T, (BH)
max=22.3MGOe.
Claims (4)
1. a circular cone type single roller rapid quenching is prepared the method for amorphous alloy ribbon, it is characterized in that, adopt circular cone type running roller, melt jet is on the cone inclined around the rotation of circular cone central shaft is domatic, make the direction of the suffered centrifugal force of melt from upwards becoming with tactile face and have angle perpendicular to contact-making surface, under the cooling autogenous shrinkage of the domatic edge of cone inclined amorphous thin ribbon and centrifugal action, depart from voluntarily running roller.
2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that the inner logical cooling water of circular cone type running roller.
3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, cone inclined is domatic to be greater than 0 ° as contact-making surface and central shaft angle and to be less than 90 °.
4. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, cone inclined is domatic is 45～80 ° as contact-making surface and central shaft angle.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105710378A (en) * | 2016-04-13 | 2016-06-29 | 北京康普锡威科技有限公司 | Preparing method for ball-like metal magnetically soft alloy powder |
| CN106769687A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-05-31 | 北京工业大学 | Tilting circular cone rotating disk slope liquid knockout splashing performance test methods |
| CN106802267A (en) * | 2017-01-03 | 2017-06-06 | 北京工业大学 | Tilting rotary disk surface liquid knockout splashing performance test methods |
| CN115401174A (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2022-11-29 | 山东理工大学 | Streamline pattern for improving aerodynamic performance of crystallization roller for double-roller casting and extruding rolling |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115401174B (en) * | 2022-09-06 | 2023-05-23 | 山东理工大学 | Double-roller casting and extruding system with streamline patterns for improving pneumatic performance of crystallization roller |
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