CN103658197B - The shape inspection apparatus of bar steel part and the shape inspection method of bar steel part - Google Patents

The shape inspection apparatus of bar steel part and the shape inspection method of bar steel part Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103658197B
CN103658197B CN201310333296.4A CN201310333296A CN103658197B CN 103658197 B CN103658197 B CN 103658197B CN 201310333296 A CN201310333296 A CN 201310333296A CN 103658197 B CN103658197 B CN 103658197B
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bar steel
steel part
shape
shape inspection
end positions
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CN103658197A (en
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高桥英二
辻敏之
早川满
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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Kobe Steel Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/50Depth or shape recovery
    • G06T7/543Depth or shape recovery from line drawings
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/0002Inspection of images, e.g. flaw detection
    • G06T7/0004Industrial image inspection
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T7/00Image analysis
    • G06T7/60Analysis of geometric attributes
    • G06T7/62Analysis of geometric attributes of area, perimeter, diameter or volume
    • GPHYSICS
    • G06COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06TIMAGE DATA PROCESSING OR GENERATION, IN GENERAL
    • G06T2207/00Indexing scheme for image analysis or image enhancement
    • G06T2207/30Subject of image; Context of image processing
    • G06T2207/30108Industrial image inspection
    • G06T2207/30136Metal

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Computer Vision & Pattern Recognition (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Quality & Reliability (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Length Measuring Devices By Optical Means (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention uses optical method and reliably checks by the size of the bar steel part in the rolling of bar steel rolling production line is abnormal.The shape inspection apparatus (10) of bar steel part of the present invention is the device checked the shape of the bar steel part (W) utilized in rolling mill (7) rolling, wherein, the shape inspection apparatus (10) of described bar steel part possesses: the illumination part (11) irradiating light cutting line (S) in the mode of intersecting relative to the transfer direction of bar steel part (W); By the shoot part (12) that capture lens (13) is taken the bar steel part (W) having irradiated light cutting line (S); The light cutting line (S) be written in the image taken by shoot part (12) is applied to the SHAPE DETECTION portion (15) that the shape of triangulation ratio juris to bar steel part (W) detects.

Description

The shape inspection apparatus of bar steel part and the shape inspection method of bar steel part
Technical field
The present invention relates in bar steel rolling production line the device and method that the shape of the bar steel part in rolling checks.
Background technology
In the bar steel rolling equipment (bar steel rolling production line) of bar steel part being manufactured bar, wire rod etc. by steel discs such as steel billets, as a rule, be configured with successively from upstream side: heating furnace, rough rolling device, intermediate rolling device, finish-rolling device.In the rolling line of rolled wire, the downstream of finish-rolling device is provided with water-cooled band, pinch roll, wrap-up.In the rolling line of rolling bar steel, be disposed with fixed size scissors (cutting off equipment), water-cooled band, cooling bed in the downstream of finish-rolling device.
About the bar steel part produced by above-mentioned bar steel rolling production line, sometimes produce flaw on the surface of product etc.In addition, abnormal, the exception (exceeding dimensional tolerance range) that part is wide of section shape is sometimes produced.Also there is the shape anomaly of the section of the generation along with burr etc., size is abnormal.When there is above-mentioned shape anomaly, size exception, cannot dispatch from the factory as product.
As the method checked the surface blemish produced on the surface of bar steel part, such as, there is the technology disclosed in patent document 1.
Disclose in patent document 1 and to make optically on bar steel rolling production line and effects on surface flaw carries out the method that detects.This patent document discloses and is utilizing hot rolling to manufacture the method utilizing optical method to detect the defect produced on the surface of product in the operation of the metal materials such as steel plate, bar steel or steel pipe, and is the detection method of carrying out the blemish detected in the position effects on surface defect in the oxide being in check object surface very thin stage.
In addition, as the method detected the shape anomaly of bar steel part, such as, also there is the technology disclosed in patent document 2.This patent document discloses bar steel shape inspection apparatus as described below, and it possesses: base station; Pair of workpieces clamping section, it is located at described base station, and carries out clamping and release to the bar steel becoming check object; Camera operation platform, it is located at described base station, and the bar steel along described moving axially of bar steel from top to the inspection area between described pair of workpieces clamping section is taken; Illumination working table, it is located at described base station, and and moving axially and from below described bar steel thrown light on along described bar steel synchronous with described camera operation platform; Advance and retreat mobile module, it is located at described base station, and the described bar steel clamped relative to described Workpiece clamping portion is free to advance or retreat, described advance and retreat mobile module possesses a pair V module, going-back position is in during the inspection that described a pair V module is taken at the bar steel of described camera operation platform to described inspection area, move to progressive position along with the end of described inspection, thus in this forward position, described bar steel is supported; Swing mechanism, it is located at described advance and retreat mobile module, and receive described bar steel when described Workpiece clamping portion unclamps by described V module, make this progressive position rotate predetermined angular in the circumference of described bar steel, and change the check point of described bar steel and this steel is paid in described Workpiece clamping portion.
At first technical literature
Patent document
Patent document 1: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2001-242089 publication
Patent document 2: Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication 2009-115744 publication
Brief summary of the invention
The problem that invention will solve
By using the technology of described patent document 1, the flaw that may produce the surface etc. manufacturing shaping steel by bar steel rolling production line detects.But, even if use this technology, the abnormal, abnormal along with the size of the generation of burr etc. of abnormal, the width dimensions of the section shape of bar steel also cannot be detected.
The technology of patent document 2 is the technology detected the shape anomaly of bar steel, but the technology of only openly off-line inspection, the not open technology that bar steel bar steel rolling production line being in manufacture midway is checked.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, the present invention is point in view of the above problems, its object is to provide a kind of and uses optical method and reliably to the abnormal technology checked of the size of the bar steel part utilized in the rolling of bar steel rolling production line.
Solution
In order to realize described object, following technical scheme is described in the present invention.
That is, shape inspection apparatus of the present invention is the device checked the shape of the bar steel part utilized in rolling mill rolling, it is characterized in that, the shape inspection apparatus of described bar steel part possesses: the illumination part irradiating light cutting line to described bar steel part; By capture lens to the shoot part that the bar steel part irradiating described smooth cutting line is taken; The SHAPE DETECTION portion that the shape of triangulation ratio juris to bar steel part detects is applied relative to the light cutting line be written in the image taken by described shoot part.
The applicant of the application, in view of the situation of the bar steel part red heat in the hot rolling when developing the device checked by the shape of the online bar steel part to utilizing in the hot rolling of bar steel rolling production line, considers the optical pickocff utilizing passive mode (self-luminous mode).But the optical pickocff of self-luminous mode causes unstable or based on the surface state of the existence of scale etc. the change in the detection position (coordinate) at the wide both ends of part also to cause position detection and SHAPE DETECTION instability to be apparent because of the temperature of bar steel part.Come in fact, in the optical pickocff of self-luminous mode, also exist and cannot carry out the such problem of shape measure.
Therefore, the applicant of the application expects adopting sensor self to send the optical pickocff of the active mode for the light measured.The optical pickocff of the active mode used in the present invention possesses: the illumination part irradiating light cutting line in the mode of intersecting with the transfer direction of bar steel part; By capture lens to the shoot part that the bar steel part having irradiated light cutting line is taken; The light cutting line be written in the image taken by shoot part is applied to the SHAPE DETECTION portion that the shape of triangulation ratio juris to bar steel part detects.
Preferably, described capture lens is telecentric lens.
Preferably, described illumination part possesses green laser light source.
On the other hand, when carrying out the inspection of the shape of bar steel part when using the shape inspection apparatus of above-mentioned bar steel part, based on the image that the shoot part by described shape inspection apparatus obtains, the brightness of more than background luminance will be had and two points being present in most end extract as end positions coordinate, the difference of the end positions coordinate extracted is detected as the diameter of bar steel part, carries out the inspection of the shape of bar steel part based on the diameter detected.
In addition, when carrying out the inspection of the shape of bar steel part when using the shape inspection apparatus of above-mentioned bar steel part, in the image that the shoot part by described shape inspection apparatus obtains, utilize least square method to carry out the matching of the formula for circle, based on the formula of the circle obtained by described matching, obtain the diameter of bar steel part, and carry out the inspection of the shape of bar steel part based on the diameter obtained.
In addition, when carrying out the inspection of the shape of bar steel part when using the shape inspection apparatus of above-mentioned bar steel part, based on the image that the shoot part by described shape inspection apparatus obtains, the brightness of more than background luminance will be had and two points being present in most end extract as end positions coordinate, the end positions coordinate of extraction is set to " actual measurement end positions coordinate ", in the image that the shoot part by described shape inspection apparatus obtains, least square method is utilized to carry out the matching of the formula for circle, according to the formula of the circle obtained by described matching, obtain the end positions coordinate of bar steel part, and the end positions coordinate obtained is set to the coordinate that original end positions should exist, namely " there is end positions coordinate ", when " the actual measurement end positions coordinate " that obtain is different more than permissible value from the difference of " there is end positions coordinate ", be judged as that the shape of bar steel part exists abnormal.
Preferably, when carrying out described matching, extract the apex coordinate of light cutting line, the apex coordinate that service range extracts is in each point coordinates of the light cutting line of the scope of regulation, utilizes least square method to implement the matching of the formula for circle.
Invention effect
According to the present invention, can use optical method and reliably to the shape anomaly of the bar steel part utilized in the rolling of bar steel rolling production line, size is abnormal checks.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the overall diagram of the bar steel rolling production line manufacturing bar steel.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the summary representing shape inspection apparatus.
Fig. 3 is the figure of the example representing the image be taken.
Fig. 4 is the figure of the method for width measurements for illustration of bar steel part.
Fig. 5 is the figure for illustration of the method for detecting eccentric, defect.
Description of reference numerals is as follows:
Article 1, steel rolling production line
2 heating furnaces
3 rough rolling devices
4 middle column rolling devices
5 finish-rolling devices
6 cooling devices
7 rolling pedestals
8 Rolling rollers
9 coiler devices
10 form measuring instruments
11 illumination parts
12 shoot parts
13 capture lens
14 optical light filters
15 SHAPE DETECTION portions
W bar steel part
S light cutting line
Detailed description of the invention
Below, based on accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 1 is the overall diagram of the bar steel rolling production line 1 manufacturing bar steel.
As shown in Figure 1, bar steel rolling production line 1 is for the manufacture of bar steel part W.It should be noted that, the bar steel part W that bar steel rolling production line 1 manufactures can be bar, also can be wire rod.
Bar steel rolling production line 1 is disposed with from upstream side to downstream: for heating heating furnace 2, rough rolling device 3, middle column rolling device 4, finish-rolling device 5, the cooling device 6 (water-cooled band) of the steel discs such as steel billet.
Rough rolling device 3, middle column rolling device 4, finish-rolling device 5 possess multiple rolling pedestal 7 respectively, and are provided with the Rolling roller 8 for rolled bar iron part W at rolling pedestal 7.
In bar steel rolling production line 1, first, in heating furnace 2, import the raw-material steel billet (steel disc) becoming bar steel and heat, the steel billet after heating is eliminated rust.Then, rough rolling device 3 is utilized by the steel disc roughing after rust cleaning to the size specified.Rolling roller 8 arrangement in HV of rough rolling device 3, replaces change pressure direction and is rolled.For middle column rolling device 4, finish-rolling device 5, utilize each Rolling roller 8 to be become the mode rolling of round shape by ellipse with section shape, and be finally rolled into the shape (such as, toroidal) as target.The bar steel part W be rolled as the toroidal device 6 that is cooled cools, if wire rod, then reels by coiler device 9, if bar steel part, then utilizes fixed size scissors (not shown) to be cut to the length of regulation.
In addition, in bar steel rolling production line 1 of the present invention, in order to the shape to the bar steel part W in rolling, sectional width size (sometimes wide also referred to as part) detect and be provided with form measuring instrument 10.What form measuring instrument 10 was located at such as finish-rolling device 5 goes out side, and setting place does not limit.
Below, form measuring instrument 10 is described in detail.
Fig. 2 is the figure of the structure schematically showing form measuring instrument 10.
Form measuring instrument 10 possesses just going up at the width (be approximate right angle direction with transfer direction) on the surface of the bar steel part W of rolling transfer the illumination part 11 irradiating laser, i.e. the light cutting line S of sheet or wire.Illumination part 11 comprises the laser illuminator (not shown) launching point-like laser and the incident and cylindrical lens (not shown) of the laser of optically focused slabbing of the some light irradiated for laser illuminator.
The laser irradiated from illumination part 11 has the width more roomy than the part of bar steel part W, and its wavelength is such as wavelength about 532nm, the laser that is referred to as green laser are desirable.
In addition, form measuring instrument 10 has the shoot part 12 taken the surface of the bar steel part W having irradiated light cutting line S.In this case, shoot part 12 is made up of ccd video camera (region video camera).Illumination part 11 and shoot part 12 become the configuration of the light cross-section method (triangulation) being provided with angle α.
The capture lens 13 being installed on this shoot part 12 is telecentric lens.Telecentric lens makes chief ray be formed as the lens parallel with optical axis at the one-sided of lens, when using telecentric lens to take, have feature as described below, even if subject moves in the longitudinal direction, offsets in the vertical direction, subject size also can not change.
Also the optical light filter 14 (interference light filter) only making to irradiate the green laser transmission come from illumination part 11 can be set at the front surface of this telecentric lens.
One example of the image photographed shown in Figure 3.The left upper end of image is initial point, and be X-axis by lateral set, above-below direction is set as Y-axis.From the image of Fig. 3, in the mode making the light cutting line S of whole the cross direction being irradiated to bar steel part W mirror, setting illumination part 11 and the setting place of shoot part 12, the focal length etc. of capture lens 13.
The image comprising the light cutting line S taken by shoot part 12 is carried to shape test section 15.In SHAPE DETECTION portion 15, the image sent here is imported framework memory, utilize this framework memory and be built-in with the computer of this framework memory, the image taken is implemented to the process of binaryzation etc., only extract bright dipping cutting line S thus by shoot part 12.
The handling part of the information (view data) of the light cutting line S extracted to the computer forming SHAPE DETECTION portion 15 is carried.Computer is personal computer etc., in this computer, by calculating height distribution (shape), the part wide (sectional width size) on the surface of bar steel part W to the light cutting line S application triangulation ratio juris extracted.
But in order to the 3D shape of correctly detector bar steel part W, the coordinate correctly releasing light cutting line S is indispensable.Especially the part in order to correctly detector bar steel part W is wide, needs the coordinate at the both ends (upper and lower end parts) correctly releasing light cutting line S.
In the SHAPE DETECTION portion 15 of present embodiment, use following judgement process (judge process 1 ~ judge process 4), to the wide mensuration of correct part, detect along with the shape anomaly of the existence of eccentric or defect etc.
[judging process 1]
First, as judging process 1, from the image obtained by shoot part 12 using brightness more than background luminance, two points being present in most end (upper end, bottom) extract as end positions, and the difference of this end positions (two ends coordinate) are exported as part wide (sectional width).Wide in order to correctly know part, preferably with the precision of sub-pix, the end positions on image is detected.
[judging process 2]
In addition, as judging process 2, as shown in (a) of Fig. 4, near the initial point of the image obtained by shoot part 12, the exploration region (being denoted as the rectangle of (1) in (a) of Fig. 4) of setting such as 100 pixel × 100 pixels.The mean value of brightness is calculated, by the brightness value brightness as a setting (threshold value) obtained in this rectangular area.Then, in along the X direction each scan line, explore the brightness with more than the background luminance calculated and become the location of pixels of high-high brightness on one wire.Progressively carry out this scanning (being denoted as the process of (2) in (b) of Fig. 4) successively along the Y direction.
Then, about the location of pixels explored by each scan line, the location of pixels detected by adjacent scan line is identified as one group of line graph, the line more than length of the Y-direction of this group of line graph such as continuous 900 pixels is set to the light cutting line S of bar steel part.The location of pixels at the both ends of the light cutting line S obtained is obtained as bound position.In this case, preferably coordinate position is obtained with sub-pix order.
According to above-mentioned judgement process 1, judge process 2, with the surface state of bar steel part W independently, only carry out reference section width according to the geometric condition (existence range of bar steel part W) of bar steel part W, therefore, it is possible to long-range and correctly to obtain the part of the bar steel part W in rolling wide.
It should be noted that, when bar steel part W in rolling, even if when being difficult to stably detect two ends coordinate position in the effect such as shift in position, vibration, in form measuring instrument 10 of the present invention, because capture lens 13 is telecentric lens, even if therefore bar steel part W moves in the longitudinal direction or offsets in the vertical direction, the size also not change of bar steel part W.Therefore, the part always correctly can obtaining bar steel part W is wide.
But when bar steel part W in rolling, both ends bend, as long as ideally can extract the light cutting line S corresponding with both ends.About corresponding with this situation and correctly detect the method for section size, as judging that process 3 is carried out describing.
[judging process 2 ']
But the process that the part as the bar steel part W obtained in rolling is wide, also can adopt the method for the following stated (judging process 2 ') to replace judging process 2.
First, identically with judging process 2, in (a) of Fig. 4, in the rectangular area as exploration region, calculate the mean value of brightness, by the brightness value brightness as a setting (threshold value) obtained.Then, there is the brightness of more than the background luminance calculated in along the X direction each scan line, and all extract the pixel with the brightness of more than the background luminance calculated, with all pixels extracted for object and obtain average brightness value.Carry out this scanning successively along the Y direction.
Then, the arrangement (data arrangement) of the average brightness value that the number of scanning lines of Y-direction divides is utilized respectively to the differential (difference) of adjacent brightness value, extract the maximum coordinate of differential value, and using the coordinate (upper and lower two coordinates) that the extracts two ends coordinate value as light cutting line S.By obtaining the upper allowance below nominal size of the two ends coordinate value obtained, the part can obtaining bar steel part W is wide.
[judging process 3]
As judging process 3, as shown in (b) of Fig. 4, in the image obtained by shoot part 12, extract the apex coordinate (peak) of light cutting line S.Then, each point coordinates of the light cutting line S of the scope of the apex coordinate that service range extracts ± β angle (β is 90 ° to the maximum, obtains by experiment and the value that sets), utilizes least square method to the formula (X of circle 2+ Y 2=R 2) carry out matching.Based on the formula of the circle obtained by this fit operation, obtain 2R (diameter) the most accurately, namely part is wide.
It should be noted that, by setting less by the value of β (β=45 ~ 60 ° about), can more precisely obtain part width values.
[judging process 4]
But, when monitoring the shape of the bar steel part W after rolling, become problem (with reference to Fig. 5) by means of only wide " eccentric (material of bar steel part W is eccentric towards a side) ", " defect (of bar steel part W is formed as spill) " that cannot manage of part.When the distortion of the bar steel by rolling mill, if offset and defect amount become equal extent, then do not change as part width values, but defective as rolled form (NG part).
Therefore, in the shape measure portion of present embodiment, carry out the judgement process 4 shown in Fig. 5.
Judging in process 4, first, use judges process 1, judges that process 2 is wide to obtain part, and calculates the end positions coordinate (upper end coordinate and lower end coordinate) of bar steel part W and carry out record.Using by judging that end positions coordinate that process 1,2 obtains is as " the end positions coordinate of surveying out ".
In addition, use and judge process 3 and carry out the matching based on least square method, obtain round formula (X 2+ Y 2=R 2).According to the formula of the circle obtained, obtain part wide, and obtain the end positions coordinate of bar steel part W.By judging that the end positions coordinate that process 3 obtains can be thought " coordinate that original end positions should exist ".
On this basis, when the coordinate that original end positions should exist (X, Y) (by judging the coordinate value that process 3 obtains), different more than permissible value from the end positions coordinate of surveying out (X ', Y ') (by judging the coordinate value that process 1,2 obtains), be judged as there is shape anomaly.
Specifically, when the two ends coordinate position of surveying out (X ', Y ') is positioned at the position more outer than original end positions (X, Y), be judged as " existing eccentric ".In addition, when the end positions of surveying out (X ', Y ') is positioned at the position more inner than original end positions (X, Y), is judged as " there is defect ", thus is judged as substandard product.
As mentioned above, by using the shape inspection apparatus 10 of bar steel part W, can reliably reliably check by the size of the bar steel part W in the rolling of bar steel rolling production line 1 is abnormal, this shape inspection apparatus 10 possesses: the illumination part 11 irradiating light cutting line S in the mode crossing with the transfer direction of bar steel part W; The shoot part 12 bar steel part W having irradiated light cutting line S taken by telecentric lens 13; The SHAPE DETECTION portion 15 that the shape of triangulation ratio juris to bar steel part W detects is applied relative to the light cutting line S in the image that write is taken by shoot part 12.
It should be noted that, will be appreciated that whole points of embodiment of disclosure are all illustrate and do not limit.Especially in embodiment of disclosure, not clear and definite disclosed item, the size, weight, volume etc. of such as operating condition, operating condition, various parameter, construct not departing from the scope that those skilled in the art implement usually, if adopt the value that common those skilled in the art then can easily expect.

Claims (4)

1. a shape inspection method for bar steel part, is characterized in that,
In the shape inspection method of this steel part, use the shape inspection apparatus of bar steel part, the shape inspection apparatus of this steel part is the device checked the shape of the bar steel part utilized in the rolling of bar steel rolling production line,
The shape inspection apparatus of described bar steel part possesses:
Illumination part, it irradiates light cutting line in the mode of intersecting with described bar steel part;
Shoot part, it is taken the bar steel part irradiating described smooth cutting line by capture lens; And
SHAPE DETECTION portion, it is applied the shape of triangulation ratio juris to bar steel part for the light cutting line be written in the image taken by described shoot part and detects,
When carrying out the inspection of the shape of bar steel part when using the shape inspection apparatus of described bar steel part,
Based on the image that the shoot part by described shape inspection apparatus obtains, will the brightness of more than background luminance be had and two points being present in most end extract as end positions coordinate, the end positions coordinate of extraction will be set to " actual measurement end positions coordinate ",
In the image that the shoot part by described shape inspection apparatus obtains, least square method is utilized to carry out the matching of the formula for circle, according to the formula of the circle obtained by described matching, obtain the end positions coordinate of bar steel part, and the end positions coordinate obtained is set to coordinate that original end positions should exist, namely " there is end positions coordinate "
When " the actual measurement end positions coordinate " that obtain is different more than permissible value from the difference of " there is end positions coordinate ", be judged as the shape anomaly that there is bar steel part.
2. the shape inspection method of bar steel part according to claim 1, is characterized in that,
Described capture lens is telecentric lens.
3. the shape inspection method of bar steel part according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
Described illumination part possesses green laser light source.
4. the shape inspection method of bar steel part according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that,
When carrying out described matching, extract the apex coordinate of light cutting line, the apex coordinate that service range extracts is in each point coordinates of the light cutting line of the scope of regulation, utilizes least square method to implement the matching of the formula for circle.
CN201310333296.4A 2012-09-03 2013-08-02 The shape inspection apparatus of bar steel part and the shape inspection method of bar steel part Active CN103658197B (en)

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