CN103650941B

CN103650941B - Extend south China characteristic fruit and the pre-harvest treatment method of victual cold storing and fresh-keeping phase

Info

Publication number: CN103650941B
Application number: CN201210329799.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈琼贤; 李妙汉; 高惠楠; 张白鸽; 曹健; 杨秋; 钟玉娟
Original assignee: Vegetable Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences
Current assignee: Vegetable Research Institute of Guangdong Academy of Agriculture Sciences
Priority date: 2012-09-07
Filing date: 2012-09-07
Publication date: 2018-03-02
Anticipated expiration: 2032-09-07
Also published as: CN103650941A

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of pre-harvest treatment method that fruit and vegetable food for making south China tropical and subtropical zone area production extends the cold storing and fresh-keeping phase, suitable for before harvest product (15 20 days) applied to during harvest home, the invention belongs to the planting industry in agriculture field.This method sprays the calcium chloride, magnesium chloride and potassium chloride solution of suitable concentration by rotation, above-mentioned three kinds of material mixing aqueous solution of suitable concentration is applied in combination with watering leaching, with reference to the administration of control nitrogenous fertilizer, soil available nitrogen (alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen) content is kept in 80 120mg/kg, Controlled irrigation amount simultaneously, soil moisture content is maintained in the 65 75% of maxmun field capacity, reach the effect for the fruit and vegetable food 35 days phases of refrigeration for extending the production of south China tropical and subtropical zone area.The present invention can effectively improve the commodity performance of fruit and victual, improve exterior of commodity, reduce the loss that refrigeration freeze injury rots to bring, and reduce the antenatal and postharvest treatment cost of refrigeration fruits and vegetables.

Description

Extend south China characteristic fruit and the pre-harvest treatment method of victual cold storing and fresh-keeping phase

First, technical field is related to a kind of regional characteristic fruit produced of south China tropical and subtropical zone and vegetable crop product cold Under the conditions of hiding (8-15 DEG C), reduce freeze injury and rot, extend a kind of method of cold storing and fresh-keeping phase, with being suitable for south China tropical and subtropical zone Banana, lichee, cabbage heart, cabbage mustard, the product for having water chestnut sponge gourd, pushing up balsam pear, section melon etc. characteristic fruit and vegetable crop greatly of area's plantation Used before harvest, the present invention is to belong to the planting industry in agriculture field.

2nd, the product not cold resistance of the characteristic fruit tree in background technology south China tropical and subtropical zone area and vegetable crop, it is adopted Pretreatment technology, extension product is mainly reached by using the method for growth regulator and probiotics and adopts the rear cold storing and fresh-keeping phase Effect.However, because the country does not reach a standard to the production technology and Techniques of preserving of probiotics, import is relied primarily at present, so making Higher with the cost of probiotics, it preserves the viable count of product and does not ensure and influence its popularization and using effect；Using growth Conditioning agent can also extend the cold storing and fresh-keeping phase of product to a certain extent, and not only cost is higher, and food security and dirt be present Contaminate the risk of environment.Therefore, the north fortune for causing the regional production of south China tropical and subtropical zone or the fruit exported and vegetables are cold in deduction Hide, the price after fresh-keeping and cost of transportation is still higher by more than 1 times than place of production price, have a strong impact on south vegetable north transportation and export vegetable Market supply.

3rd, this task of the content of the invention is to provide for a kind of cold storing and fresh-keeping phase for extending south China characteristic fruit and vegetables and reduced The rotten method of product freeze injury, this method cost of investment is low, of good preservation effect, workable, food-safe using process And environment does not all have ill-effect, and extend 3-5 days storage period than conventional method.

4th, this task of embodiment is completed as follows

1st, in fruit and in vegetables harvest the last week, following three kinds of compounds are sprayed respectively:1st, 0.2-0.3% MgCl₂； 2nd, 0.3-0.4%CaCl₂；3rd, 0.2-0.3%KCl, uniformly sprayed in the product that will be harvested before 8 points of fine day or after 17 points On, above compound individually sprays, and every other day sprays a kind of compound, untill when harvesting.

2nd, carry out within 10-15 days root soil leaching before fruit and vegetables harvest with reference to watering and impose the mixed of lower three kinds of compounds Heshui solution:0.1-0.2%MgCl₂+ 0.2-0.3%CaCl₂+ 0.1-0.2%KCl, applied once every leaching in 5 days, totally 2 times.

3rd, before fruit and vegetables harvest 15-20 days to during harvest home, control applied nitrogen, keep soil available nitrogen (alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen determined with diffusion method, similarly hereinafter) content is in the range of 80-120mg/kg.

4th, to soil's being over wet is avoided during harvest home, soil moisture control contains within 15-20 days before fruit and vegetables harvest Amount is in the range of the 65-75% of maxmun field capacity.By implementing four kinds of methods above, under normal cultivation condition, Can make south China tropical and subtropical zone area characteristic fruit and vegetables harvest after refrigerate the product of north fortune, outlet or refrigeration sale and prolong Long storage life 3-5 days, it is of good preservation effect, the rotten loss of freeze injury is reduced, due to being (anti-using low concentration nontoxicity chemical fertilizer Freeze agent) fruit or victual before harvest are handled, and soil control water, the fertile measure of control are combined, so the implementation cost of investment is low, There is certain effect of increasing production and improve exterior of commodity, this method is using process to people and animals and environment all without bad work With.

Claims

1. extending south China characteristic fruit and the pre-harvest treatment method of victual cold storing and fresh-keeping phase, comprise the following steps：

1) in fruit and in vegetables harvest the last week, following three kinds of compounds are sprayed respectively：0.2-0.3% MgCl₂；0.3- 0.4%CaCl₂；0.2-0.3%KCl, uniformly sprayed before 8 points of fine day or after 17 points on the product that will be harvested, the above Compound individually sprays, and every other day sprays a kind of compound, untill when harvesting；

2) mixing water that root soil leaching imposes lower three kinds of compounds is carried out within 10-15 days before fruit and vegetables harvest with reference to watering Solution：0.1-0.2%MgCl₂+ 0.2-0.3%CaCl₂+ 0.1-0.2%KCl, applied once every leaching in 5 days, totally 2 times；

3) before fruit and vegetables harvest 15-20 days to during harvest home, control applied nitrogen, keep soil available nitrogen content In the range of 80-120mg/kg, the soil available nitrogen is defined by the alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen using diffusion method measure；

4) to soil's being over wet is avoided during harvest home, soil moisture control content exists within 15-20 days before fruit and vegetables harvest In the range of the 65-75% of maxmun field capacity.