CN103647299B - 并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线投入、退出控制方法 - Google Patents

并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线投入、退出控制方法 Download PDF

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CN103647299B
CN103647299B CN201310628728.4A CN201310628728A CN103647299B CN 103647299 B CN103647299 B CN 103647299B CN 201310628728 A CN201310628728 A CN 201310628728A CN 103647299 B CN103647299 B CN 103647299B
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CN103647299A (zh
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荆雪记
李少华
胡永昌
李泰�
苏匀
彭忠
苏进国
李艳梅
周金萍
徐留杰
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State Grid Corp of China SGCC
Xuji Group Co Ltd
State Grid Zhejiang Electric Power Co Ltd
XJ Electric Co Ltd
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Xuji Group Co Ltd
XJ Electric Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/505—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/515—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/525—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output waveform or frequency
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/162—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration
    • H02M7/1623—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration with control circuit
    • H02M7/1626—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only in a bridge configuration with control circuit with automatic control of the output voltage or current
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/02—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/04—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/12—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/145—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M7/155—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M7/17—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M7/00—Conversion of ac power input into dc power output; Conversion of dc power input into ac power output
    • H02M7/42—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal
    • H02M7/44—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters
    • H02M7/48—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M7/493—Conversion of dc power input into ac power output without possibility of reversal by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode the static converters being arranged for operation in parallel
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/36—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between ac networks via a high-tension dc link
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M5/00—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases
    • H02M5/40—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc
    • H02M5/42—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters
    • H02M5/44—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac
    • H02M5/443—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means
    • H02M5/45—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M5/4505—Conversion of ac power input into ac power output, e.g. for change of voltage, for change of frequency, for change of number of phases with intermediate conversion into dc by static converters using discharge tubes or semiconductor devices to convert the intermediate dc into ac using devices of a thyratron or thyristor type requiring extinguishing means using semiconductor devices only having a rectifier with controlled elements
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60—Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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Abstract

本发明涉及并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线投入、退出控制方法，基于传统并联型高压直流输电电压电流运行控制方式：整流站采用定电流控制，逆变站采用定电压控制；本发明在逆变侧特别加入了电流平衡控制，在两换流器同时解锁情况下起作用，用来消除两换流器独立电压控制所产生的不平衡现象。

Description

并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线投入、退出控制方法
技术领域
本发明涉及一种并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线投退控制方法。
背景技术
特高压直流输电领域中，并联型直流系统换流器范围大，换流站的扩展比较灵活，整个系统绝缘配合方便，运行经济性高。世界上已经投运的意大利—科西嘉—撒丁岛三端直流输电工程及魁北克—新英格兰5端直流输电工程均采用并联接线结构。
多换流器并联结构主接线如图1所示，图1表示一个双端系统，也可以是多端系统，每端可以双极运行，也可以单级运行，每个站可以两个换流器（一组CV1、CV2）并联运行，也可以单个换流器独立运行。一般并联直流系统的控制方法为：整流站采用定电流控制，逆变站采用定电压控制；而在线投退换流器的要求是极运行状态下投入或退出某个换流器而不影响同级另一个换流器的正常运行。
目前国内对串联型直流系统研究较多，对并联型结构没有成熟的在线投退策略。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线投退控制方法，用以弥补现有技术在该领域的空白，本发明的方法能够在极运行状态下在线投切换流器，而不影响同极并联的另一个换流器正常运行。
为实现上述目的，本发明的方案包括：
并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线投入控制方法，整流侧换流器投入时，首先运行于电压控制模式，进行空载升压，待出口电压和运行换流器一致时合上连接开关，稳定设定长度时间后切换为电流控制方式，使直流电流以一定斜率上升到给定值；逆变侧两换流器同时解锁，解锁前需投入换流器的电压控制环的PI输出跟随运行换流器；解锁的同时合上连接开关，开始进行电流平衡控制：测量两换流器输出直流电流，将两换流器的直流电流的差值经比例积分调节后，得出的电压参考值调整量（UIdBal）分别送往两换流器的电压控制环中对电压控制环实际输入进行调整。
并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线退出控制方法，整流侧换流器退出时，首先以设定斜率降电流，待电流降到设置值时，拉开连接开关，同时闭锁脉冲；逆变侧需退出换流器收到整流侧需退出换流器已经闭锁信号时封锁触发脉冲；同时拉开连接开关，并禁止电流平衡控制。
基于传统并联型高压直流输电电压电流运行控制方式：整流站采用定电流控制，逆变站采用定电压控制；本发明在逆变侧特别加入了电流平衡控制，在两换流器同时解锁情况下起作用，用来消除两换流器独立电压控制所产生的不平衡现象。
电流平衡控制的原理是：逆变侧单极两换流器同时解锁时，电流平衡控制起作用。换流器电流平衡控制提供了一附加的电压调制值来保持两组电压在平衡方式下运行。在每极并联两换流器平抗出口处添加直流电流测点，分别测得两换流器的直流电流，将第1换流器电流IdCV1与第2换流器电流IdCV2的差值经比例积分后，得出的电压参考值调整量UIdBal分别送往两换流器层的电压控制环中，从而达到控制两换流器电流平衡的目的。
本发明的有益效果是：首次提出适合多换流器并联高压直流输电结构的在线投退控制策略，并且该控制策略投退比较快速，对交流系统的无功冲击小，控制逻辑简单。
附图说明
图1是多换流器并联结构主接线图；
图2是逆变侧电流平衡控制原理图；UdrefCV1：阀组1电压给定值，UdmeasCV1：阀组1电压测量值，α0CV1：阀组1触发角，IdCV1：阀组1电流测量值，FiringPulses：触发脉冲，UdrefCV2：阀组2电压给定值，UdmeasCV2：阀组2电压测量值，α0CV2：阀组2触发角，IdCV2：阀组2电流测量值，UIdBal：电流平衡调制量；
图3是实施例的换流器在线投退时序图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细的说明。
以下关于投入和退出的说明中，均以整流侧第2换流器（即图中第2阀组）CVREC2，逆变侧第2换流器CVINV2为需要投入或者需要退出的换流器为例。
电流平衡控制的原理是：逆变侧每极两换流器同时解锁时，进行电流平衡控制，如图2所示：换流器电流平衡控制提供了一附加的电压调制值来保持两组电压在平衡方式下运行。在每极并联两端换流器平抗出口处添加直流电流测点，分别测得两换流器的直流电流，将第1换流器电流IdCV1与第2换流器电流IdCV2的差值经比例积分后，得出的电压参考值调整量UIdBal分别送往两换流器层的电压控制环中，调整电压环的实际输入，从而达到控制两换流器电流平衡的目的。
基于上述电流平衡控制原理，整流侧第2换流器在线投入时，整流侧第2换流器投入时，首先电压控制方式起作用进行空载升压，待出口电压和第1换流器一致时合上连接开关，稳定一段时间后切换为电流控制方式使直流电流以一定斜率上升到给定值。逆变侧第2换流器与整流侧第2换流器同时解锁，解锁前其PI输出（如图2所示）跟随逆变侧第1换流器的输出；解锁的同时合上连接开关，电流平衡控制起作用。整流侧第2在线换流器退出时，首先以一定斜率降电流，待电流降到接近零时拉开连接开关，同时闭锁脉冲。逆变侧第2换流器收到整流侧第2换流器已经闭锁信号时封锁触发脉冲；同时拉开连接开关，禁止电流平衡控制功能。
如图3所示：整流侧第2换流器CVRCE2投入时：整流侧第2换流器CVRCE2释放触发脉冲时，首先电压控制方式起作用进行空载升压，待CVRCE2出口电压和第1换流器CVRCE1一致时，合上连接开关，稳定一段时间（例如0.5s）后CVRCE2切换为电流控制方式控制直流电流以一定斜率上升到给定值。逆变侧第2换流器CVINV2与CVRCE2同时释放触发脉冲，解锁前其PI控制器输出跟随逆变侧换流器1CVINV1的PI输出；解锁的同时合上连接开关，电流平衡控制起作用；由于两换流器参数完全一致，故解锁后流过CVINV1的电流被CVINV2分流，最终两换流器电流一致。整个投入过程结束。
整流侧第2换流器CVRCE2退出时，首先以一定斜率降电流，待电流降到接近零（例如0.05pu）后拉开连接开关，同时封闭触发脉冲。逆变侧第2换流器CVINV2接到整流侧第2换流器已经闭锁信号后闭锁脉冲，同时拉开连接开关，电流平衡控制功能禁止。整个退出过程结束。
以上给出一种具体的实施方式，但本发明不局限于所描述的实施方式。本发明的基本思路在于上述方案，对本领域普通技术人员而言，根据本发明的教导，设计出各种变形的方式、手段、参数并不需要花费创造性劳动。在不脱离本发明的原理和精神的情况下对实施方式进行的变化、修改、替换和变型仍落入本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (2)

1.并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线投入控制方法，其特征在于，整流侧第2换流器投入时，首先运行于电压控制模式，进行空载升压，待出口电压和整流侧第1换流器一致时合上连接开关，稳定设定长度时间后切换为电流控制方式，使直流电流以一定斜率上升到给定值；
逆变侧第2换流器和整流侧第2换流器同时解锁，解锁前逆变侧第2换流器的电压控制环的PI输出跟随逆变侧第1换流器；解锁的同时合上连接开关，开始进行电流平衡控制：测量逆变侧两换流器输出直流电流，将逆变侧两换流器的直流电流的差值经比例积分调节后，得出的电压参考值调整量(UIdBal)分别送往逆变侧两换流器的电压控制环中对电压控制环实际输入进行调整。
2.并联高压直流输电系统换流器在线退出控制方法，其特征在于，整流侧换流器退出时，首先以设定斜率降电流，待电流降到设置值时，拉开连接开关，同时闭锁脉冲；
逆变侧需退出换流器收到整流侧需退出换流器已经闭锁信号时封锁触发脉冲；同时拉开连接开关，并禁止电流平衡控制。
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