CN103644004B - The cogeneration system of a kind of pair of turbine, combined cycle - Google Patents
The cogeneration system of a kind of pair of turbine, combined cycle Download PDFInfo
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- CN103644004B CN103644004B CN201310713981.XA CN201310713981A CN103644004B CN 103644004 B CN103644004 B CN 103644004B CN 201310713981 A CN201310713981 A CN 201310713981A CN 103644004 B CN103644004 B CN 103644004B
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Abstract
The invention provides the cogeneration system of a kind of pair of turbine, combined cycle, comprise gas turbine, main steam turbine, exhaust heat boiler, heat supply network steam bleeding system; Exhaust heat boiler is connected with gas turbine smoke-exhaust pipeline, utilizes gas turbine smoke discharging residual heat to produce high, medium and low voltage steam, expansion working in the high, medium and low cylinder pressure injecting main steam turbine respectively, and drive electrical generators exports electric energy.High-pressure cylinder steam-expelling port connects high row's check valve and connects the first safety valve again, and the first safety valve downstream connects two branch roads, and the first branch road is provided with the first modulating valve, connects the middle pressure drum of exhaust heat boiler; Second branch road is provided with shut-off valve and the second modulating valve, and connect a little back pressure turbine, the steam-expelling port of little back pressure turbine connects the second safety valve, and the second safety valve downstream connects an one-way valve, and one-way valve connects heat supply network steam bleeding system.The invention solves classical joint circulation, a unmatched difficult problem between co-generation turbine exhaust point place's parameter and heat user demand, improve efficiency of energy utilization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Gas-steam Combined Cycle technical field, particularly relate to the cogeneration system of a kind of pair of turbine, combined cycle.
Background technique
Turbo-generator Set a kind ofly thermal power transfer is become mechanical energy and then converts the energy conversion device of electric energy to, is one of crucial power equipment in power plant construction.The high temperature produced by boiler, high pressure steam, through steam turbine, heat energy and pressure potential are changed, become the mechanical energy of steam turbine, drive the acting of turbine rotor output shaft, this mechanical energy passes to generator by turbine rotor output shaft, thus converts mechanical energy to electric energy, therefore, steam turbine is often called as in " source of light " as source motivation.
Gas-steam combined cycle system refers to using gas turbine as preposition turbine, reclaims the exhaust heat of combustion engine with exhaust heat boiler, and output some grades of initial steams inject steam turbine, and steam expansion work in steam turbine exports electric energy.
Gas-steam Combined Cycle combines the gas turbine with higher average endothermic temperature with the steam turbine had compared with harmonic average exothermic temperature, make the high-temperature tail gas of gas turbine enter exhaust heat boiler and produce steam, and make steam in steam turbine, continue work done generating, reach the object of maximizing favourable factors and minimizing unfavourable ones, mutually making up, make the heat energy utilization level of whole combined cycle comparatively simple cycle be significantly improved, the net efficiency of combined cycle generation reaches 48% ~ 60%.
Two pressures that gas-steam combined cycle system conventional at present has E level circulating power station extensively to adopt, three pressures, the re-heating subsystem that adopt without re-heating subsystem and F level circulating power station.The former generates electricity net efficiency about 50%, and the latter generates electricity net efficiency about 58%.And the combined cycle of higher level is also that employing three is pressed, re-heating subsystem, its generating efficiency can reach more than 60%.
Due to the leading role of national policy, Gas-steam Combined Cycle, Cogeneration Project had been widely used in recent years.So-called heat (cold) Electricity Federation is produced and is referred to, extracts a part of steam out for factory steam in the position that the through-flow inside of steam turbine is suitable, and original intention is that the rational gradient realizing the energy utilizes.The combined cycle efficiency of cogeneration of heat and power can arrive about 70%.
But for the main flow Gas-steam Combined Cycle of existing market, cogeneration technology, prior art also comes with some shortcomings.Suppose that certain engineering thermoelectricity plant will go up a cover two and drag the H level gas Combined turbine cycle groups of a type configuration (so-called two drag a type configuration to refer to the exhaust heat energy reclaiming two combustion engine with two exhaust heat boilers respectively, and the initial steam of generation is injected a steam turbine): the steam demand of user side is 1.2MPa, 185 DEG C, steam flow is specified 150t/h, is 200t/h to the maximum; And the optimum configurations of typical three pressures, reheating combined cycle system is as follows:
High pressure steam parameter is 17MPa, 600 DEG C;
Reheating (namely pressure) steam parameter is 3.5MPa, 600 DEG C;
Low pressure steam parameter is 0.45MPa, 240 DEG C;
The design of the combined cycle of prior art, cogeneration system arranges rotating barrier at through-flow about the 1.2MPa place of Steam Turbine Through IP Admission or seat cylinder valve draws gas to realize adjustment, the temperature of this place's steam is at about 480 DEG C, and the temperature requirements of user is only 185 DEG C, realized and user side ground steam parameters matching by temperature-decreased pressure reducer, there is the temperature difference waste of 195 DEG C, thus inevitably occur the phenomenon of high-quality energy waste; In addition, in nothing under thermal condition, the steam in Steam Turbine Through IP Admission IP still will flow through described rotating barrier or seat cylinder valve, thus there is restriction loss; Also have, because of the setting of described rotating barrier or seat cylinder valve, make the span of steam-turbine unit larger, by the restriction of span, can only select to adopt relatively high root footpath and relative few through-flow progression during the through-flow reconstruct of traditional cogeneration turbine unit, thus make unit through-flow internal efficiency design load on the low side; Therefore, the generating efficiency of traditional cogeneration turbine is relatively low.
Summary of the invention
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide that a kind of steam-turbine unit internal efficiency is high, the cogeneration system of the two turbines that can avoid high-quality energy waste, combined cycle, to overcome the above-mentioned defect of prior art.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the invention provides the cogeneration system of a kind of pair of turbine, combined cycle, comprise gas turbine, main steam turbine, exhaust heat boiler, heat supply network steam bleeding system; The smoke-exhaust pipeline of gas turbine connects described exhaust heat boiler, and described exhaust heat boiler comprises HP steam drum, middle pressure drum and low-pressure drum; Described main steam turbine comprises high-pressure cylinder, intermediate pressure cylinder and low pressure (LP) cylinder; Described HP steam drum connects the high-pressure admission pipeline of described high-pressure cylinder, and described middle pressure drum connects in described intermediate pressure cylinder compresses into steam pipe road, and described low-pressure drum connects the low pressure admission pipeline of described low pressure (LP) cylinder; The steam-expelling port of described high-pressure cylinder connects high row's check valve, and described heat supply network steam bleeding system is located at the downstream of described height row check valve;
Described height row check valve connects the first safety valve, and described first safety valve downstream connects two branch roads, and the first branch road connects the steam line of described middle pressure drum, and described first branch road is provided with the first modulating valve; Second branch road connects a little back pressure turbine, described second branch road is provided with a shut-off valve and the second modulating valve successively by upstream to downstream, the steam-expelling port of described little back pressure turbine connects the second safety valve, described second safety valve downstream connects an one-way valve, and described one-way valve connects described heat supply network steam bleeding system.
Alternatively, described main steam turbine and described little back pressure turbine adopt split axle to arrange.
Alternatively, described main steam turbine and described little back pressure turbine adopt single shaft to arrange, are provided with a self-synchronizing clutch between the rotor of output shaft axle of described main steam turbine and the rotor of output shaft axle of described little back pressure turbine.
Preferably, described second modulating valve is the speed governing steam valve on the admission pipeline of described little back pressure turbine, and described shut-off valve is the main stop valve of described little back pressure turbine.
Alternatively, described main steam turbine comprises one or two low pressure (LP) cylinder, and described main steam turbine is the structure that high intermediate pressure cylinder closes cylinder, low pressure (LP) cylinder double split flow.
Alternatively, described main steam turbine comprises a high-pressure cylinder and a mesolow closes cylinder, and described main steam turbine is that high-pressure cylinder divides separately cylinder, mesolow cylinder cylinder combined structure.
Preferably, described low pressure admission pipeline is provided with a low pressure admission valve group, and compress into steam pipe road in described and be provided with one and compress into steam valve group, described high-pressure admission pipeline is provided with a high-pressure admission valve group.
Preferably, described high-pressure admission pipeline is provided with in the upstream of described high-pressure admission valve group the bypass line connecting described first branch road; Blow-off line between the steam-expelling port of described high-pressure cylinder and described height row check valve is also provided with bypass line, compress in described on steam pipe road and be also provided with bypass line in described upstream of compressing into steam valve group, described low pressure admission pipeline is also provided with bypass line in the upstream of described low pressure admission valve group, on the blow-off line of described high-pressure cylinder, described in the bypass duct compressed on steam pipe road and on described low pressure admission pipeline be all connected with the vapour condenser of described main steam turbine; Article four, described bypass duct forms a bypath system jointly, and four described bypass ducts are respectively equipped with a valve.
Preferably, described low pressure admission pipeline is provided with a modulating valve group in the upstream of described low pressure admission valve group.
As mentioned above, the cogeneration system of the of the present invention pair of turbine, combined cycle, has following beneficial effect:
1, avoid high-quality energy waste, the internal efficiency of steam-turbine unit is improved.
The adjustment of parameter of 2, drawing gas does not affect main steam turbine, only affects little back pressure turbine, is conducive to the standardized production realizing main steam turbine, and the standardization of main steam turbine is conducive to reducing manufacture cost, shortens delivery date, saves social resources.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is shown as the wiring schematic diagram of cogeneration system of of the present invention pair of turbine, combined cycle.
Fig. 2 is shown as the view that of the present invention pair of turbine, the main steam turbine of cogeneration system of combined cycle and little back pressure turbine single shaft are arranged.
Element numbers explanation
1 main steam turbine 1.1 high-pressure admission valve group
Steam valve group 1.3 low pressure admission valve group is compressed in 1.2
1.4 high row's check valve 1.5 modulating valve groups
2 exhaust heat boiler 2.1 high-pressure superheaters
2.2 high pressure steam generator 2.3 high-pressure economizers
Superheater 2.5 medium pressure steam generator is pressed in 2.4
Economizer 2.7 low-pressure superheater is pressed in 2.6
2.8 low-pressure steam generator 2.9 low-pressure coal savers
2.10 oxygen-eliminating device 2.11 gas turbine smoke-exhaust pipelines
3 little back pressure turbine 3.1 shut-off valves
3.2 second modulating valve 3.3 one-way valves
3.4 second safety valve 4 heat supply network steam bleeding systems
4.1 first modulating valve 4.2 first safety valves
5 vapour condenser 5.1 hot wells
6 water charging system 7 condensate pumps
7.1 low pressure feed water pump 7.2 high pressure feed water pumps
8 first generator 9 bypath systems
9.1 valve 9.2 valves
9.3 valve 9.4 valves
10 second generator 11 self-synchronizing clutches
HP high-pressure cylinder IP intermediate pressure cylinder
LP low pressure (LP) cylinder
Embodiment
By particular specific embodiment, embodiments of the present invention are described below, person skilled in the art scholar the content disclosed by this specification can understand other advantages of the present invention and effect easily.
Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 2.Notice, structure, ratio, size etc. that this specification institute accompanying drawings illustrates, content all only in order to coordinate specification to disclose, understand for person skilled in the art scholar and read, and be not used to limit the enforceable qualifications of the present invention, therefore the not technical essential meaning of tool, the adjustment of the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or size, do not affecting under effect that the present invention can produce and the object that can reach, still all should drop on disclosed technology contents and obtain in the scope that can contain.Simultaneously, quote in this specification as " on ", D score, "left", "right", " centre " and " one " etc. term, also only for ease of understanding of describing, and be not used to limit the enforceable scope of the present invention, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, under changing technology contents without essence, when being also considered as the enforceable category of the present invention.
In view of the combined cycle of prior art, cogeneration system are kept away unavoidable high-quality energy waste phenomenon, and caused steam-turbine unit decrease in efficiency; The present inventor designs the cogeneration system of a kind of pair of turbine, combined cycle, make the high-pressure cylinder steam discharge of main steam turbine when going to heat supply network steam bleeding system, through a little back pressure turbine; the back pressure of little back pressure turbine can be set to the demand pressure of heat supply network user side; thus realize one-level adjustment and draw gas; and little back pressure turbine can electric energy outside drawing generator amount of exports, avoid high-quality energy waste, energy loss is few; In addition, without the need to arranging rotating barrier or built-in type steam pumping regulating valve in main steam turbine of the present invention is through-flow, therefore the internal efficiency of main steam turbine unit is high.
Be described in detail by the cogeneration system of specific embodiment to of the present invention pair of turbine, combined cycle below.
As shown in Figure 1, the cogeneration system of a kind of pair of turbine, combined cycle, comprises gas turbine, main steam turbine 1, exhaust heat boiler 2, heat supply network steam bleeding system 4.
Described main steam turbine 1 comprises high-pressure cylinder HP, intermediate pressure cylinder IP and low pressure (LP) cylinder LP; Described exhaust heat boiler 2 comprises HP steam drum, middle pressure drum and low-pressure drum, described HP steam drum comprises high-pressure superheater 2.1, high pressure steam generator 2.2, high-pressure economizer 2.3, described middle pressure drum comprises middle pressure superheater 2.4, medium pressure steam generator 2.5, middle pressure economizer 2.6, and described low-pressure drum comprises low-pressure superheater 2.7, low-pressure steam generator 2.8, low-pressure coal saver 2.9.
Described exhaust heat boiler 2 is connected with the smoke-exhaust pipeline 2.11 of gas turbine.
Described main steam turbine 1 also comprises vapour condenser 5, the steam-expelling port of described low pressure (LP) cylinder LP connects described vapour condenser 5, the hot well 5.1 li of described vapour condenser 5 is provided with a water charging system 6, described vapour condenser 5 connects described low-pressure coal saver 2.9, and the pipeline between described vapour condenser 5 and described low-pressure coal saver 2.9 is provided with condensate pump 7.
Described low-pressure coal saver 2.9 connects the water intake of an oxygen-eliminating device 2.10, the water outlet of described oxygen-eliminating device 2.10 is in series with two water pumps, the water outlet being wherein in the low pressure feed water pump 7.1 of upstream also connects described low-pressure steam generator 2.8, and the water outlet being in the high pressure feed water pump 7.2 in downstream is all connected with described middle pressure economizer 2.6, described high-pressure economizer 2.3.
The low pressure admission pipeline of described low-pressure steam generator 2.8, described low-pressure superheater 2.7 and described low pressure (LP) cylinder LP connects successively; The high-pressure admission pipeline of described high-pressure economizer 2.3, described high pressure steam generator 2.2, described high-pressure superheater 2.1 and described high-pressure cylinder HP connects successively; Compress into steam pipe road (i.e. heat reheating tube road) in described middle pressure economizer 2.6, described medium pressure steam generator 2.5, described middle pressure superheater 2.4 and described intermediate pressure cylinder IP to connect successively.
The steam ouput of described low-pressure steam generator 2.8 also connects described oxygen-eliminating device 2.10; The steam-expelling port of described intermediate pressure cylinder IP is connected with the steam inlet of described low pressure (LP) cylinder LP.
The steam-expelling port of described high-pressure cylinder HP connects high row's check valve 1.4, and described heat supply network steam bleeding system 4 is located at the downstream of described height row check valve 1.4.
Described height row check valve 1.4 of the present invention connects the first safety valve 4.2, described first safety valve 4.2 downstream connects two branch roads, first branch road (i.e. cold reheat pipe road) connects the steam line between described medium pressure steam generator 2.5, middle pressure superheater 2.4, and described first branch road (i.e. cold reheat pipe road) is provided with the first modulating valve 4.1; Second branch road connects a little back pressure turbine 3, described second branch road is provided with shut-off valve 3.1 and second modulating valve 3.2 successively by upstream to downstream, the steam-expelling port of described little back pressure turbine 3 connects the second safety valve 3.4, the downstream of described second safety valve 3.4 connects an one-way valve 3.3, and described one-way valve 3.3 connects described heat supply network steam bleeding system 4.
Wherein, described second modulating valve 3.2 can be served as by the speed governing steam valve on the admission pipeline of described little back pressure turbine 3, and described shut-off valve 3.1 can be served as by the main stop valve on the admission pipeline of described little back pressure turbine 3.
Described low pressure admission pipeline of the present invention is provided with a low pressure admission valve group 1.3, and described low-pressure admission valve group 1.3 comprises a main stop valve and a modulating valve; Compress into steam pipe road in described to be provided with one and to compress into steam valve group 1.2, compress into steam valve group 1.2 in described and also comprise a main stop valve and a modulating valve; Described high-pressure admission pipeline is provided with a high-pressure admission valve group 1.1, and described high-pressure admission valve group 1.1 also comprises a main stop valve and a modulating valve.
Described high-pressure admission pipeline of the present invention is provided with the first bypass duct connecting described cold reheat pipe road in the upstream of described high-pressure admission valve group 1.1, described first bypass duct is provided with valve 9.1; Blow-off line between the steam-expelling port of described high-pressure cylinder HP and described height row check valve 1.4 is also provided with the second bypass duct, and described second bypass duct is provided with valve 9.2; Compress in described on steam pipe road and be provided with the 3rd bypass duct in described upstream of compressing into steam valve group 1.2, described 3rd bypass duct is provided with valve 9.3; Described low pressure admission pipeline is provided with the 4th bypass duct in the upstream of described low pressure admission valve group 1.3, and described 4th bypass duct is provided with valve 9.4; Described second bypass duct, the 3rd bypass duct and the 4th bypass duct are all connected with described vapour condenser 5; Article four, described bypass duct forms a bypath system 9 jointly.
The setting of bypath system 9, make main steam turbine 1 when non-matched state runs, the difference of the steam flow that exhaust heat boiler produces and the steam flow required for main steam turbine 1 can not by the circulation part of main steam turbine, but pass through bypath system, valve on each bar bypass duct includes steam converter valve, thus the steam of elevated pressures, higher temperature is reduced to required steam parameter, thereafter steam is incorporated into the connected system of described vapour condenser 5, meets the needs of whole system safe operation.Bypath system, to cold, warm, the thermal starting of main steam turbine 1, prevents unit superpressure, and reclaiming working medium all has good function, all plays an important role to the stability of whole cogeneration system, Security and Economy.
Connecting tube between described low-pressure coal saver 2.9 and described oxygen-eliminating device 2.10 is provided with a valve, and the steam ouput of described low-pressure steam generator 2.8 and the connecting pipeline of described oxygen-eliminating device 2.10 are also provided with a valve.Described low pressure admission pipeline is also provided with a modulating valve group 1.5 in the upstream of described low pressure admission valve group 1.3.
Described main steam turbine 1 of the present invention can comprise one or two low pressure (LP) cylinder LP, and described main steam turbine 1 can adopt high intermediate pressure cylinder to close the structure of cylinder, low pressure (LP) cylinder double split flow; Described main steam turbine also can close cylinder by an independent high-pressure cylinder HP and mesolow and form, high-pressure cylinder single current, mesolow cylinder reflux or down current arrangement.Described main steam turbine 1 is the steam turbine of point cylinder thrust self balancing.
As shown in Figure 1, described main steam turbine 1 of the present invention can adopt split axle to arrange with described little back pressure turbine 3; Then main steam turbine 1 drags the first generator 8 and generates electricity, and little back pressure turbine 3 drags the second generator 10 and generates electricity, and wherein the second generator 10 is small generators.As shown in Figure 2, described main steam turbine 1 of the present invention also can adopt single shaft to arrange with described little back pressure turbine 3, then be provided with a self-synchronizing clutch 11 between the rotor of output shaft axle of described main steam turbine 1 and the rotor of output shaft axle of described little back pressure turbine 3, now cancel the second generator 10, make main steam turbine 1 and little back pressure turbine 3 jointly drag the first generator 8, single shaft arranges the advantage with compact structure.
Working principle of the present invention is: main steam turbine 1 is three pressures, reheating type combination circulation steam turbine, comprises high-pressure cylinder HP, intermediate pressure cylinder IP and low pressure (LP) cylinder LP.Exhaust heat boiler 2 is three pressures, again pattern of fever, and it has three drums: HP steam drum (comprising high-pressure superheater 2.1, high pressure steam generator 2.2, high-pressure economizer 2.3), middle pressure drum (comprising middle pressure superheater 2.4, medium pressure steam generator 2.5, middle pressure economizer 2.6), low-pressure drum (comprising low-pressure superheater 2.7, low-pressure steam generator 2.8, low-pressure coal saver 2.9).The smoke evacuation of gas turbine enters exhaust heat boiler 2 by combustion engine smoke-exhaust pipeline 2.11, for the high-pressure superheater 2.1 of exhaust heat boiler 2, high pressure steam generator 2.2, high-pressure economizer 2.3, middle pressure (i.e. reheating) superheater 2.4, medium pressure steam generator 2.5, middle pressure economizer 2.6, low-pressure superheater 2.7, low-pressure steam generator 2.8, low-pressure coal saver 2.9 provides heat, make HP steam drum, middle pressure drum and low-pressure drum produce three strands of steam respectively: high pressure steam, medium pressure steam and low pressure steam, respectively by the high-pressure admission valve group 1.1 on high-pressure admission pipeline, in compress on steam pipe road and compress into steam valve group 1.2, low pressure admission valve group 1.3 on low pressure admission pipeline injects high-pressure cylinder HP, intermediate pressure cylinder IP and low pressure (LP) cylinder LP.
The steam discharge of high-pressure cylinder HP is divided into two branch roads, by the cooperation control of the first modulating valve 4.1 and the second modulating valve 3.2, realizes the Stress control at high row place and the assignment of traffic of high pressure steam discharge, thus realizes the adjustment amount of drawing gas needed for heat supply network.Little back pressure turbine 3 is accessed; the back pressure of little back pressure turbine 3 can be set to the demand pressure of heat supply network user side in the upstream of heat supply network steam bleeding system 4; thus the present invention realizes one-level adjustment by two turbine draws gas; the present invention achieves the steam parameters matching of heat supply network user side by little back pressure turbine 3; avoid and arrange multistage reducing-and-cooling plant in systems in which; therefore structure of the present invention is simple, and energy loss is few, avoids high-quality energy waste; (during split axle layout, main steam turbine 1 drags the first generator 8 and generates electricity all drawing generator generatings of main steam turbine 1 and little back pressure turbine 3, and little back pressure turbine 3 drags the second generator 10 and generates electricity; When single shaft is arranged, main steam turbine 1 and little back pressure turbine 3 jointly drag the first generator 8 and generate electricity), thus achieve cogeneration of heat and power.The power of little back pressure turbine 3 is determined by flow, is supplying under thermal condition (operating mode of namely drawing gas), the introducing of little back pressure turbine 3, makes the energy realize rational gradient and utilizes.The introducing of little back pressure turbine 3, makes main steam turbine 1 realize standardized production, when draw gas parameter adjustment time, main steam turbine 1 remains unchanged, and correspondingly revises the design of little back pressure turbine 3; The standardization of main steam turbine 1 is conducive to reducing manufacture cost, shortens delivery date, saves social resources.
Water charging system 6 is arranged on the hot well 5.1 li of vapour condenser 5, under operating mode of drawing gas, supplement corresponding water to cogeneration system of the present invention.After the water supplemented carries out preliminary deoxygenation in hot well 5.1, enter the condensate system of vapour condenser 5, under the effect of condensate pump 7, deliver to heat exchange in the low-pressure coal saver 2.9 of exhaust heat boiler 2, then, enter in oxygen-eliminating device 2.10, the low-pressure saturated steam produced in low-pressure steam generator 2.8 is utilized to carry out sufficient thermal de-aeration to water of condensation, then, respectively feedwater is sent into the low-pressure steam generator 2.8 of exhaust heat boiler 2 by low pressure feed water pump 7.1 and high pressure feed water pump 7.2, middle pressure economizer 2.6, high-pressure economizer 2.3, by low-pressure steam generator 2.8, middle pressure economizer 2.6, high-pressure economizer 2.3 heats water to close to saturated.Then, the water in middle pressure economizer 2.6 enters medium pressure steam generator 2.5, and the water in high-pressure economizer 2.3 enters high pressure steam generator 2.2, and liquid water is all converted into steam (as shown in Figure 1, dotted portion is liquid water, and bold portion is water vapour); Then, the steam produced by high pressure steam generator 2.2 and medium pressure steam generator 2.5 enters high-pressure superheater 2.1 and middle pressure superheater 2.4 respectively, in high-pressure superheater 2.1 and the heat exchange of middle pressure superheater 2.4, produce superheated vapor, again respectively by the high-pressure admission valve group 1.1 on high-pressure admission pipeline, in compress into and steam valve group 1.2 is compressed in steam pipe road enter corresponding high-pressure cylinder HP and intermediate pressure cylinder IP, main steam turbine 1 is done work, drives the first generator 8 to export electric energy; The high-pressure cylinder HP steam discharge entering the second branch road enters little back pressure turbine 3, and little back pressure turbine 3 is done work, and also drive electrical generators exports electric energy, thus completes the thermodynamic cycle of whole system of the present invention.
In addition, when without heat demand, main steam turbine 1 runs under can being in pure condensed steam formula operating mode, now, closed by shut-off valve 3.1, the first modulating valve 4.1 standard-sized sheet, then the present invention has the operating mode identical with traditional condensed steam type association circulating power generation system and identical generating efficiency.Avoid the energy loss that rotating barrier in the intermediate pressure cylinder of prior art cogeneration system or seat cylinder valve cause, therefore, generating efficiency of the present invention improves about 0.5% than the generating efficiency of prior art cogeneration system.
The present invention, from pure condensed steam formula operating mode to specified heat supply operating mode conversion process, by controlling the first modulating valve 4.1 and the second modulating valve 3.2, realizes reducing phlegm and internal heat the assignment of traffic in net steam bleeding system 4 and cold reheat pipe road.In the process, the pressure drop at high row's exhaust point (i.e. high row's check valve 1.4) place, the pressure of the middle pressure drum of exhaust heat boiler 2 is also along with decline, now, because the cold reheated steam amount entering exhaust heat boiler 2 reduces, then the temperature of reheated steam will have the trend of rising, need carry out spray cooling adjustment, make the quality of steam meet the requirement of steam turbine by exhaust heat boiler 2.As shown in Figure 1, because the high pressure steam generator 2.2 of the exhaust heat boiler 2 of combined cycle, high-pressure superheater 2.1 adopt the form of interlaced arrangement with the heat exchange process of reheated steam generator 2.5, reheating superheater 2.4, therefore the minimizing of reheated steam amount, the increase of high pressure steam flow can be caused, make the high-pressure cylinder HP of steam turbine will increase exerting oneself of a part.Thus supplying thermal condition specified, application the present invention, compared with traditional system, the increase of exerting oneself of steam turbine, accounts for about 0.7% of combined cycle gross capability, and therefore steam turbine operation efficiency of the present invention is high, economic benefits.
The steam entering the intermediate pressure cylinder IP of steam turbine reduces, the initial steam pressure of low pressure (LP) cylinder LP also decreases, then can open the low pressure admission valve group 1.3 on low pressure admission pipeline, the steam produced by low-pressure steam generator 2.8 is through low-pressure superheater 2.7 heat exchange, produce superheated vapor, enter low pressure (LP) cylinder LP through low pressure admission valve group 1.3, ensure that the demand of low pressure (LP) cylinder LP minimum safe operating pressure.Steam turbine 1 of the present invention is because adopting the design of point cylinder thrust self balancing, and the minimizing of intermediate pressure cylinder IP and low pressure (LP) cylinder LP throttle flow can not produce too large change to the thrust of steam turbine set, can meet system safety operation requirement, thus realizes one-level adjustment and to draw gas requirement.
The gas-fired station engineering that is produced from Gas-steam Combined Cycle heat (cold) Electricity Federation that the present invention is particularly useful for having extraction steam for factories demand.
Embodiment one
In certain gas power station engineering, intend 1 cover H level two and drag a type unit, heating demand is: 1.2MPa, 185 DEG C, and the heating load of single unit is rated for: 130t/h, is 200t/h to the maximum.
This project is applicable to the cogeneration system adopting of the present invention pair of turbine, combined cycle.
As shown in Figure 1, in the present embodiment, the main steam turbine 1 of the cogeneration system of two turbine, combined cycle is three pressures, reheating type combination circulation steam turbine, comprise a high-pressure cylinder HP, an intermediate pressure cylinder IP and two double-current low pressure (LP) cylinder LP, main steam turbine 1 is the steam turbine of point cylinder thrust self balancing, and main steam turbine 1 adopts HP-IP combined casing, low pressure double split flow structure.Exhaust heat boiler 2 is three pressures, pattern of fever again, it has three drums: HP steam drum (comprises high-pressure superheater 2.1, high pressure steam generator 2.2, high-pressure economizer 2.3), middle pressure drum (comprises middle pressure superheater 2.4, medium pressure steam generator 2.5, middle pressure economizer 2.6), low-pressure drum (comprises low-pressure superheater 2.7, low-pressure steam generator 2.8, low-pressure coal saver 2.9), produce three strands of steam: high pressure steam, medium pressure steam and low pressure steam, respectively by the high-pressure admission valve group 1.1 on high-pressure admission pipeline, in compress on steam pipe road and compress into steam valve group 1.2, low pressure admission valve group 1.3 on low pressure admission pipeline injects high-pressure cylinder HP, intermediate pressure cylinder IP and low pressure (LP) cylinder LP.
The steam discharge of high-pressure cylinder HP is divided into two branch roads, first branch road and cold reheat pipe road, on the admission pipeline of the second branch road and little back pressure turbine 3; the admission pipeline of little back pressure turbine 3 is provided with main stop valve (i.e. shut-off valve 3.1) and speed governing steam valve (i.e. the second modulating valve 3.2) successively by upstream to downstream; the steam-expelling port of little back pressure turbine 3 connects the second safety valve 3.4; the second safety valve 3.4 downstream connects one-way valve 3.3, and one-way valve 3.3 connects described heat supply network steam bleeding system 4.
In the present embodiment, under declared working condition, water charging system 6 needs to supplement the water of 130t/h to the cogeneration system of of the present invention pair of turbine, combined cycle.After the water supplemented carries out preliminary deoxygenation in hot well 5.1, enter the condensate system of vapour condenser 5, pressurize by giving condensate pump 7, deliver to heat exchange in the low-pressure coal saver 2.9 of exhaust heat boiler 2, then, enter in oxygen-eliminating device 2.10, the low-pressure saturated steam produced in low-pressure steam generator 2.8 is utilized to carry out sufficient thermal de-aeration to water of condensation, then, in in feedwater feeding exhaust heat boiler 2, economizer 2.6 and high-pressure economizer 2.3 is pressed again by low pressure feed water pump 7.1 and high pressure feed water pump 7.2, heat water to close to saturation water by middle pressure economizer 2.6 and high-pressure economizer 2.3, enter the high pressure steam generator 2.2 of exhaust heat boiler 2 more respectively, in medium pressure steam generator 2.5, liquid water is all converted into steam, then, the steam produced by high pressure steam generator 2.2 and medium pressure steam generator 2.5 enters high-pressure superheater 2.1 and middle pressure superheater 2.4 respectively, in high-pressure superheater 2.1 and the heat exchange of middle pressure superheater 2.4, produce superheated vapor, again respectively by the high-pressure admission valve group 1.1 on high-pressure admission pipeline, in compress into and steam valve group 1.2 is compressed in steam pipe road enter corresponding high-pressure cylinder HP and intermediate pressure cylinder IP, main steam turbine 1 is done work, and drive electrical generators 8 exports electric energy.The steam discharge of the high-pressure cylinder HP of main steam turbine 1 enters little back pressure turbine 3 through the admission pipeline of little back pressure turbine 3, makes little back pressure turbine 3, drives corresponding generator to export electric energy.The steam discharge of little back pressure turbine 3 passes into heat supply network steam bleeding system 4, carries out heat supply network heat supply.Thus realize cogeneration of heat and power by two turbine.
The back pressure of the little back pressure turbine 3 of the present embodiment is set to 1.2MPa; the exhaust temperature of little back pressure turbine 3 is about 190 DEG C; apparent; the present embodiment achieves one-level adjustment by two turbine and draws gas; the steam discharge parameter of the little back pressure turbine 3 of the present embodiment and the parameter matching of heating demand obtain very perfect, thus avoid high-quality energy waste phenomenon.In addition, when without heat demand, main steam turbine 1 runs under can being in pure condensed steam formula operating mode, now, close shut-off valve 3.1, by the first modulating valve 4.1 standard-sized sheet, then two turbines of the present embodiment, the cogeneration system of combined cycle have the operating mode identical with traditional condensed steam type association circulating power generation system and identical generating efficiency.Avoid the energy loss that rotating barrier in the intermediate pressure cylinder of prior art cogeneration system or seat cylinder valve cause, generating efficiency improves about 0.5% than the generating efficiency of prior art cogeneration system.
When the cogeneration system of two turbine, combined cycle needs the heating load providing maximum 200t/h, two turbines that water charging system 6 pairs of the present embodiment are adopted, the cogeneration system of combined cycle supplement the water of 200t/h.
Little back pressure turbine 3 and the main steam turbine 1 of the present embodiment both can adopt the split axle shown in Fig. 1 to arrange; Also the single shaft shown in Fig. 2 can be adopted to arrange.
In sum, the cogeneration system of the of the present invention pair of turbine, combined cycle solves a difficult problem for the on the low side and high-quality energy dissipation of traditional co-generation unit steam turbine unit internal efficiency.When without heat demand, main steam turbine 1 runs under being in pure condensed steam formula operating mode, then main steam turbine 1 has the operating mode identical with traditional condensed steam type association circulating power generation system and identical generating efficiency, with traditional cogeneration, combined cycle system compared with still existing without the restriction loss caused for the rotating barrier in the inner through-flow middle intermediate pressure cylinder of thermal condition tubine or seat cylinder valve, generating efficiency of the present invention improves about 0.5%.When there being heat demand, realize one-level adjustment by little back pressure turbine 3 to draw gas, not only eliminate pressure reduction, and significantly reduce the temperature difference, thus avoid high-quality energy waste, and little back pressure turbine 3 can export additional electrical energy by drawing generator, make the energy achieve rational ladder and utilize.The present invention, having outside above energy-efficient advantage, also helps the standardized production realizing main steam turbine group, and the adjustment of parameter of drawing gas directly does not affect the Design and manufacture of main steam turbine, only affects the design and manufaction of little back pressure turbine; The standardization of main steam turbine is conducive to reducing manufacture cost, reduces delivery date, saves social resources.So the present invention effectively overcomes various shortcoming of the prior art and tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present invention and effect thereof only, but not for limiting the present invention.Any person skilled in the art scholar all without prejudice under spirit of the present invention and category, can modify above-described embodiment or changes.Therefore, such as have in art usually know the knowledgeable do not depart from complete under disclosed spirit and technological thought all equivalence modify or change, must be contained by claim of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. a cogeneration system for two turbine combined cycle, comprises gas turbine, main steam turbine (1), exhaust heat boiler (2), heat supply network steam bleeding system (4); The smoke-exhaust pipeline (2.11) of gas turbine connects described exhaust heat boiler (2), and described exhaust heat boiler (2) comprises HP steam drum, middle pressure drum and low-pressure drum; Described main steam turbine (1) comprises high-pressure cylinder (HP), intermediate pressure cylinder (IP) and low pressure (LP) cylinder (LP); Described HP steam drum connects the high-pressure admission pipeline of described high-pressure cylinder (HP), and described middle pressure drum connects in described intermediate pressure cylinder (IP) compresses into steam pipe road, and described low-pressure drum connects the low pressure admission pipeline of described low pressure (LP) cylinder (LP); The steam-expelling port of described high-pressure cylinder (HP) connects high row's check valve (1.4), and described heat supply network steam bleeding system (4) is located at the downstream of described height row's check valve (1.4); It is characterized in that,
Described height row's check valve (1.4) connects the first safety valve (4.2), and described first safety valve (4.2) downstream connects two branch roads, and the first branch road connects the steam line of described middle pressure drum, and described first branch road is provided with the first modulating valve (4.1); Second branch road connects a little back pressure turbine (3), described second branch road is provided with a shut-off valve (3.1) and the second modulating valve (3.2) successively by upstream to downstream, the steam-expelling port of described little back pressure turbine (3) connects the second safety valve (3.4), described second safety valve (3.4) downstream connects an one-way valve (3.3), and described one-way valve (3.3) connects described heat supply network steam bleeding system (4); Described low pressure admission pipeline is provided with a low pressure admission valve group (1.3), compress into steam pipe road in described to be provided with one and to compress into steam valve group (1.2), described high-pressure admission pipeline is provided with a high-pressure admission valve group (1.1), described high-pressure admission pipeline is provided with the bypass line connecting described first branch road in the upstream of described high-pressure admission valve group (1.1); Blow-off line between the steam-expelling port of described high-pressure cylinder (HP) and described height row's check valve (1.4) is also provided with bypass line, compress in described on steam pipe road and be also provided with bypass line in described upstream of compressing into steam valve group (1.2), described low pressure admission pipeline is also provided with bypass line in the upstream of described low pressure admission valve group (1.3), on the blow-off line of described high-pressure cylinder, described in the bypass duct compressed on steam pipe road and on described low pressure admission pipeline be all connected with the vapour condenser (5) of described main steam turbine (1); Article four, described bypass duct forms a bypath system (9) jointly, and four described bypass ducts are respectively equipped with a valve, and the valve on four described bypass ducts includes steam converter valve.
2. the cogeneration system of according to claim 1 pair of turbine combined cycle, is characterized in that: described main steam turbine (1) and described little back pressure turbine (3) adopt split axle to arrange.
3. the cogeneration system of according to claim 1 pair of turbine combined cycle, it is characterized in that: described main steam turbine (1) and described little back pressure turbine (3) adopt single shaft to arrange, are provided with a self-synchronizing clutch (11) between the rotor of output shaft axle of described main steam turbine (1) and the rotor of output shaft axle of described little back pressure turbine (3).
4. the cogeneration system of according to any one of claim 1 to 3 pair of turbine combined cycle, it is characterized in that: the speed governing steam valve on the admission pipeline that described second modulating valve (3.2) is described little back pressure turbine (3), described shut-off valve (3.1) is the main stop valve of described little back pressure turbine (3).
5. the cogeneration system of according to any one of claim 1 to 3 pair of turbine combined cycle, it is characterized in that: described main steam turbine (1) comprises one or two low pressure (LP) cylinder (LP), described main steam turbine (1) is the structure of high intermediate pressure cylinder conjunction cylinder, low pressure (LP) cylinder double split flow.
6. the cogeneration system of according to any one of claim 1 to 3 pair of turbine combined cycle, it is characterized in that: described main steam turbine (1) comprises a high-pressure cylinder (HP) and mesolow closes cylinder, described main steam turbine (1) divides separately cylinder, mesolow cylinder cylinder combined structure for high-pressure cylinder.
7. the cogeneration system of according to any one of claim 1 to 3 pair of turbine combined cycle, is characterized in that: described low pressure admission pipeline is provided with a modulating valve group (1.5) in the upstream of described low pressure admission valve group (1.3).
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