CN103633964A - High-reliability large-power nanosecond narrow pulse generating circuit - Google Patents
High-reliability large-power nanosecond narrow pulse generating circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103633964A CN103633964A CN201310060902.XA CN201310060902A CN103633964A CN 103633964 A CN103633964 A CN 103633964A CN 201310060902 A CN201310060902 A CN 201310060902A CN 103633964 A CN103633964 A CN 103633964A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-reliability large-power nanosecond narrow pulse generating circuit. The circuit employs a broadband radiofrequency transformer to synchronously feed trigger signals into position between the base electrode and the emitter electrode of each avalanche triode cascaded with a Marx circuit, a protection circuit is arranged between a trigger pulse generating circuit and a trigger pulse shaping circuit, and an isolation circuit is arranged between the trigger pulse shaping circuit and the Marx circuit, wherein the protection circuit is used for protecting the trigger pulse generating circuit, the isolation circuit is used for protecting the trigger pulse shaping circuit, and a high-voltage large-resistance charging resistor is employed in the Marx circuit. Under the condition that large peak power (more than 30kW) and nanosecond narrow pulses (less than 8ns, 10%-10%) are generated, the circuit of the invention solves the problems in the prior art including that the avalanche triode is easy to lose efficacy, and the output large-power nanosecond pulses tend to damage the trigger pulse generating circuit; and the reliability of the circuit is effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ultra-wideband microwave Detection Techniques field, especially a kind of highly reliable high-power nanosecond pulse that can be applicable to ground penetrating radar transmitter produces circuit.
Background technology
Significantly burst pulse drives and the field extensive use such as supersonic sounding in ground penetrating radar, high-speed photography, optical communication, high power laser array nanosecond.
Adopting Marx circuit to produce high-power nanosecond pulse is one of method conventional in current ground penetrating radar transmitter.Ground penetrating radar transmitter based on Marx circuit is generally comprised of trigger impulse generation circuit, trigger impulse shaping circuit, Marx circuit, power supply circuits four parts.Trigger impulse produces circuit and is generally digital integrated circuit, for generation of the triggering signal that triggers Marx circuit working.Trigger impulse shaping circuit carries out shaping for trigger impulse being produced to the triggering signal of circuit output, produces rising edge start pulse signal faster.Marx circuit, by a plurality of avalanche transistor cascades, utilizes the principle of parallel charging serial electric discharge to produce powerful burst pulse.When avalanche transistor in Marx circuit is static, collector junction high pressure is instead partially near avalanche point, under the effect of the triggering signal after shaping, there is snowslide, export the even large power narrow pulse signal of several kilovolts of several hectovolts, upper kilovolt, the size of output pulse amplitude depends primarily on the number of the avalanche transistor of cascade, and the width of output pulse depends on the size of capacitance between avalanche transistor.Power supply circuits are used to trigger impulse to produce circuit and trigger impulse shaping circuit provides low-voltage DC supply, for Marx circuit provides high voltage direct current power supply.
In practical engineering application, due to following reason, the general reliability of above-mentioned narrow-pulse generation circuit (operating time) is lower, first be because avalanche transistor quiescent point is positioned near breakdown point, and the number of times of snowslide is limited, the unreasonable setting of working point will seriously affect the life-span of avalanche transistor; Next is because the parameter of avalanche transistor exists larger discrete type, same circuit and same quiescent point can not adapt to each avalanche transistor in cascade circuit, especially for large power narrow pulse, produce the more situation of avalanche transistor number of circuit cascade; The 3rd is because circuit working is at high pressure conditions, for large power narrow pulse, produce circuit, output burst pulse crest voltage is up to upper kilovolt even several kilovolts, even in the situation that average power is very little, instant high-voltage may cause the components and parts in circuit to lose efficacy.The present invention proposes a kind of highly reliable large power narrow pulse and produces circuit, has solved the fragile trigger impulse of the high-power nanosecond pulse that in prior art, avalanche transistor easily lost efficacy, exports and has produced the problems such as circuit, has effectively improved the reliability of circuit.
Summary of the invention
For the problems referred to above, the present invention proposes in a kind of structure the highly reliable high-power nanosecond narrow-pulse generation circuit based on avalanche transistor Marx circuit, producing large peak power (being greater than 30kW), nanosecond burst pulse (is less than 8ns, 10%～10%) in situation, solve the fragile trigger impulse of high-power nanosecond pulse that in prior art, avalanche transistor easily lost efficacy, exports and produce the problems such as circuit, improve the reliability of circuit.
A kind of highly reliable large power nanosecond narrow-pulse generation circuit that the present invention proposes comprises: trigger impulse produces circuit, trigger impulse shaping circuit, Marx circuit and power supply circuits, and this circuit adopts broadband radio freqnency transformer by between each snowslide triode ground level of the synchronous feed-in Marx of triggering signal circuits cascading and emitting stage; And producing between circuit and described trigger impulse shaping circuit and be also provided with protective circuit at described trigger impulse, between described trigger impulse shaping circuit and described Marx circuit, be also provided with buffer circuit, wherein:
Described trigger impulse produces circuit for generation of the pulse signal that triggers described Marx circuit working;
Described trigger impulse shaping circuit is nursed one's health for the triggering signal that described trigger impulse is produced to circuit and produce, with generation amplitude with meet the triggering signal of described Marx circuit requirement along characteristic;
Described Marx circuit is for generation of high-power nanosecond narrow pulse signal;
Described protective circuit produces circuit for the protection of described trigger impulse;
Described buffer circuit is for the protection of described trigger impulse shaping circuit;
Described power supply circuits produce circuit with described trigger impulse respectively, described trigger impulse shaping circuit is connected with described Marx circuit, for described trigger impulse produces circuit, described trigger impulse shaping circuit and described Marx circuit supply.
The highly reliable high-power nanosecond narrow-pulse generation circuit that the present invention proposes, producing large peak power (being greater than 30Kw), nanosecond burst pulse (is less than 8ns, 10%～10%) in situation, circuit working reliability is high, can be widely used in the fields such as ground penetrating radar, high-speed photography, optical communication, the driving of high power laser array and supersonic sounding.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the existing narrow-pulse generation circuit block diagram based on Marx circuit;
Fig. 2 is the narrow-pulse generation circuit block diagram based on Marx circuit that the present invention proposes;
Fig. 3 is existing Marx circuit;
Fig. 4 is the Marx circuit that the present invention proposes.
Fig. 5 is the in the situation that of 12 grades of avalanche transistor cascades, the narrow pulse waveform that adopts circuit of the present invention to produce.
Embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
Fig. 1 is the existing narrow-pulse generation circuit block diagram based on Marx circuit, Fig. 2 is the narrow-pulse generation circuit block diagram based on Marx circuit that the present invention proposes, in figure, solid box represents the circuit that the present invention is same as the prior art, both different circuit of empty wire frame representation.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the highly reliable large power narrow-pulse generation circuit that the present invention proposes is different from existing narrow-pulse generation circuit, the present invention produces between circuit and trigger impulse shaping circuit and is provided with protective circuit at trigger impulse, this protective circuit adopts the fast high-voltage diode protective circuit of recovering, and be provided with buffer circuit between trigger impulse shaping circuit and Marx circuit, this buffer circuit has adopted resistor network attenuator circuit, effectively protected trigger impulse to produce circuit and trigger impulse shaping circuit, improved the reliability of circuit, especially for high-power nanosecond narrow pulse generating circuit.
Particularly, as shown in Figure 2, the highly reliable large power nanosecond narrow-pulse generation circuit that the present invention proposes comprises: trigger impulse produces circuit, protective circuit, trigger impulse shaping circuit, buffer circuit, Marx circuit and power supply circuits, wherein:
Described trigger impulse produces circuit for generation of the pulse signal that triggers Marx circuit working;
Described trigger impulse shaping circuit is nursed one's health for the triggering signal that trigger impulse is produced to circuit and produce, generation amplitude and meet the triggering signal of Marx circuit requirement along characteristic;
Described Marx circuit is for generation of powerful nanosecond narrow pulse signal;
Described protective circuit is connected to described trigger impulse and produces between circuit and described trigger impulse shaping circuit, described protective circuit adopts the fast high-voltage diode protective circuit of recovering, for the protection of trigger impulse, produce circuit, wherein, trr reverse recovery time of the diode of described protective circuit be less than the output of described Marx circuit high-power nanosecond narrow pulse signal width;
Described buffer circuit is connected between described trigger impulse shaping circuit and described Marx circuit, described buffer circuit adopts resistor network attenuator circuit, for the protection of trigger impulse shaping circuit, for described buffer circuit, its attenuation will guarantee that the triggering signal after shaping can reach the requirement of Marx circuit trigger signal on the one hand, the high-power nanosecond narrow pulse signal that will effectively isolate on the other hand Marx circuit output, stop this signal to arrive triggering signal shaping circuit, thus damage triggering signal shaping circuit;
Described power supply circuits produce circuit with described trigger impulse respectively, described trigger impulse shaping circuit is connected with described Marx circuit, for described trigger impulse produces circuit, described trigger impulse shaping circuit and described Marx circuit supply.
The situation of 3 grades of avalanche transistor circuit of take is example, Fig. 3 is existing Marx circuit, Fig. 4 is the Marx circuit that the present invention proposes, the Marx circuit that the present invention proposes is different from existing Marx circuit on the feed mode of triggering signal, as shown in Figure 4, the Marx circuit that the present invention proposes adopts broadband radio freqnency transformer that impedance ratio is 1: 4 by being synchronously fed between the ground level and emitting stage of avalanche transistors at different levels of described Marx circuits cascading along start pulse signal soon after the shaping of described trigger impulse shaping circuit, thereby guaranteed the consistency of avalanche transistor operating states at different levels, improved the reliability of circuit, the working band of described broadband radio freqnency transformer and the bandwidth of the trigger impulse after shaping match, with guarantee triggering signal soon along characteristic, simultaneously, described broadband radio freqnency transformer will be selected suitable impedance ratio, to reduce the significantly nanosecond burst pulse of Marx circuit output, be coupled to the signal in triggering signal shaping circuit, further protect trigger impulse shaping circuit.In addition, the charging resistor R1 of the Marx circuit that the present invention proposes～R5 adopts the large resistance resistance of high pressure, resistance R equals the pulse repetition period PRT of transmitter work divided by the storage capacitor C in 6 times of Marx circuit, be R=PRT/ (6C), withstand voltage be greater than Marx circuit output significantly nanosecond narrow pulse signal voltage amplitude.
Particularly, described Marx circuit is comprised of multistage avalanche transistor circuit and a plurality of storage capacitor, and every grade of avalanche transistor circuit comprises: avalanche transistor, and charging resistor and wide band radio-frequency transformer, wherein:
In chopped-off head avalanche transistor circuit, the collector electrode of avalanche transistor is received in high voltage source by a charging resistor, emitting stage ground connection; The inferior end bay of wide band radio-frequency transformer is connected between the ground level and emitting stage of avalanche transistor, and the one end on former limit is connected with the output of trigger impulse shaping circuit, other end ground connection.
Except chopped-off head avalanche transistor circuit, all the other avalanche transistor circuit at different levels form by two charging resistors, an avalanche transistor and a radio freqnency transformer, wherein, the collector electrode of avalanche transistor is received in high voltage source by a charging resistor, emitting stage is by a charging resistor ground connection, the inferior end bay of radio freqnency transformer is connected between the ground level and emitting stage of avalanche transistor, and the one end on former limit is connected with the output of trigger impulse shaping circuit, other end ground connection.
Avalanche transistor circuit at different levels are connected by a storage capacitor, and one end of this storage capacitor connects the collector electrode of avalanche transistor in prime avalanche transistor circuit, and the other end connects the emitting stage of avalanche transistor in rear class avalanche transistor circuit.
Final stage avalanche transistor circuit is connected with load by a storage capacitor, and particularly, one end of storage capacitor connects the collector electrode of avalanche transistor in final stage avalanche transistor circuit, and the other end connects load.
The situation of 3 grades of avalanche transistor circuit of take is example, as shown in Figure 4, resistance R 1, avalanche transistor Q1 and wide band radio-frequency transformer T1 form chopped-off head circuit, resistance R 2, resistance R 3, avalanche transistor Q2 and wide band radio-frequency transformer T2 form second level circuit, and resistance R 4, resistance R 5, avalanche transistor Q3 and wide band radio-frequency transformer T3 form tertiary circuit.
In chopped-off head circuit, the collector electrode of Q1 is received in high voltage source by R1, emitting stage ground connection, and the inferior end bay of T1 is connected between the ground level and emitting stage of Q1, and the one end on former limit is connected with the output of trigger impulse shaping circuit, other end ground connection.
In the circuit of the second level, the collector electrode of Q2 is received in high voltage source by R3, and emitting stage is by R2 ground connection, and the inferior end bay of T2 is connected between the ground level and emitting stage of Q2, and the one end on former limit is connected with the output of trigger impulse shaping circuit, other end ground connection.
In tertiary circuit, the collector electrode of Q3 is received in high voltage source by R5, and emitting stage is by R4 ground connection, and the inferior end bay of T3 is connected between the ground level and emitting stage of Q3, and the one end on former limit is connected with the output of trigger impulse shaping circuit, other end ground connection.
Between chopped-off head circuit and second level circuit, by storage capacitor C1, be connected, one end of C1 connects the collector electrode of Q1 in chopped-off head circuit, and the other end connects the emitting stage of Q2 in the circuit of the second level; Between second level circuit and tertiary circuit, by storage capacitor C2, be connected, the collector electrode of Q2 in the connection second level, one end circuit of C2, the other end connects the emitting stage of Q3 in tertiary circuit; The third level is connected with load by storage capacitor C3, and one end of C3 connects the collector electrode of Q3 in tertiary circuit, and the other end connects load.
Fig. 5 is the in the situation that of 12 grades of avalanche transistor cascades, and the amplitude that adopts circuit of the present invention to produce is 1242V, and peak power is 30.85kW, the narrow pulse waveform of pulse duration 5.25ns.This circuit has passed through 6 months thermal cycling tests and has not occurred losing efficacy, and the reliably working time is greater than 1 year continuously.
Above-described specific embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (11)
- One kind highly reliable large power nanosecond narrow-pulse generation circuit; this circuit comprises: trigger impulse produces circuit, trigger impulse shaping circuit, Marx circuit and power supply circuits; it is characterized in that; this circuit produces between circuit and described trigger impulse shaping circuit and is also provided with protective circuit at described trigger impulse; between described trigger impulse shaping circuit and described Marx circuit, be also provided with buffer circuit, wherein:Described trigger impulse produces circuit for generation of the pulse signal that triggers described Marx circuit working;Described trigger impulse shaping circuit is nursed one's health for the triggering signal that described trigger impulse is produced to circuit and produce, with generation amplitude with meet the triggering signal of described Marx circuit requirement along characteristic;Described Marx circuit is for generation of high-power nanosecond narrow pulse signal;Described protective circuit produces circuit for the protection of described trigger impulse;Described buffer circuit is for the protection of described trigger impulse shaping circuit;Described power supply circuits produce circuit with described trigger impulse respectively, described trigger impulse shaping circuit is connected with described Marx circuit, for described trigger impulse produces circuit, described trigger impulse shaping circuit and described Marx circuit supply.
- 2. circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described protective circuit adopts the fast high-voltage diode protective circuit of recovering, trr reverse recovery time of its diode be less than described Marx circuit output high-power nanosecond narrow pulse signal width.
- 3. circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described buffer circuit adopts resistor network attenuator circuit.
- 4. circuit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the attenuation of described buffer circuit will guarantee that the triggering signal after shaping can reach the requirement of described Marx circuit trigger signal on the one hand, to effectively isolate on the other hand high-power nanosecond narrow pulse signal of described Marx circuit output, thereby damage described triggering signal shaping circuit to stop this signal to arrive described triggering signal shaping circuit.
- 5. circuit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Marx circuit comprises multistage avalanche transistor circuit and a plurality of storage capacitor, wherein:Chopped-off head avalanche transistor circuit comprises: an avalanche transistor, a charging resistor and a wide band radio-frequency transformer; Wherein, the collector electrode of avalanche transistor is received in high voltage source by charging resistor, emitting stage ground connection; The inferior end bay of wide band radio-frequency transformer is connected between the ground level and emitting stage of avalanche transistor, and the one end on former limit is connected with the output of trigger impulse shaping circuit, other end ground connection;Except chopped-off head avalanche transistor circuit, all the other avalanche transistor circuit at different levels include two charging resistors, an avalanche transistor and a radio freqnency transformer; Wherein, the collector electrode of avalanche transistor is received in high voltage source by a charging resistor, emitting stage is by a charging resistor ground connection, the inferior end bay of radio freqnency transformer is connected between the ground level and emitting stage of avalanche transistor, the one end on former limit is connected with the output of trigger impulse shaping circuit, other end ground connection;Avalanche transistor circuit at different levels are connected by a storage capacitor, and one end of this storage capacitor connects the collector electrode of avalanche transistor in prime avalanche transistor circuit, and the other end connects the emitting stage of avalanche transistor in rear class avalanche transistor circuit;In final stage avalanche transistor circuit, the collector electrode of avalanche transistor is connected with load by a storage capacitor.
- 6. circuit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described charging resistor adopts the large resistance resistance of high pressure.
- 7. circuit according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the resistance R of described charging resistor be the pulse repetition period PRT of transmitter work divided by the storage capacitor C in 6 times of Marx circuit, i.e. R=PRT/ (6C).
- 8. circuit according to claim 6, is characterized in that, the withstand voltage of described charging resistor be greater than the output of described Marx circuit significantly nanosecond narrow pulse signal voltage amplitude.
- 9. circuit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, adopts broadband radio freqnency transformer by between each snowslide triode ground level of the synchronous feed-in Marx of triggering signal circuits cascading and emitting stage.
- 10. circuit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the working band of described broadband radio freqnency transformer and the bandwidth of the trigger impulse after shaping match, with guarantee triggering signal soon along characteristic.
- 11. circuit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the impedance ratio of described wide band radio-frequency transformer is 1: 4.
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Cited By (6)
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| CN104052435A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-17 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Amplitude increasing and width reducing circuit unit and pulse signal generating circuit and generator comprising amplitude increasing and width reducing circuit unit |
| CN106067786A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-02 | 湖南正申科技有限公司 | Micropower high-amplitude nanosecond ultra-narrow pulse produces circuit |
| CN108631757A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of modified multitube cascade pipe Marx generators |
| CN108712162A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-26 | 湖北大学 | A kind of avalanche transistor connection in series-parallel high pressure is soon along switching circuit |
| CN112003591A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-27 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | High-frequency ultrasonic pulse generator and optimization method |
| CN112152592A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-29 | 西安交通大学 | High repetition frequency fast pulse generating circuit based on magnetic bead isolation |
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Cited By (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104052435A (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2014-09-17 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Amplitude increasing and width reducing circuit unit and pulse signal generating circuit and generator comprising amplitude increasing and width reducing circuit unit |
| CN104052435B (en) * | 2014-06-16 | 2017-04-26 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Pulse signal generating circuit and generator |
| CN106067786A (en) * | 2016-06-27 | 2016-11-02 | 湖南正申科技有限公司 | Micropower high-amplitude nanosecond ultra-narrow pulse produces circuit |
| CN108631757A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-09 | 西安交通大学 | A kind of modified multitube cascade pipe Marx generators |
| CN108712162A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-10-26 | 湖北大学 | A kind of avalanche transistor connection in series-parallel high pressure is soon along switching circuit |
| CN108712162B (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2022-05-06 | 湖北大学 | Avalanche transistor series-parallel high-voltage fast-edge switching circuit |
| CN112003591A (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2020-11-27 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | High-frequency ultrasonic pulse generator and optimization method |
| CN112003591B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-11-11 | 中国科学院声学研究所 | High-frequency ultrasonic pulse generator and optimization method |
| CN112152592A (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2020-12-29 | 西安交通大学 | High repetition frequency fast pulse generating circuit based on magnetic bead isolation |
| CN112152592B (en) * | 2020-09-23 | 2024-03-29 | 西安交通大学 | High repetition frequency fast pulse generating circuit based on magnetic bead isolation |
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