CN103633384A - Method for continuous passive balance of operation battery cores in battery pack - Google Patents
Method for continuous passive balance of operation battery cores in battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN103633384A CN103633384A CN201210312882.6A CN201210312882A CN103633384A CN 103633384 A CN103633384 A CN 103633384A CN 201210312882 A CN201210312882 A CN 201210312882A CN 103633384 A CN103633384 A CN 103633384A
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- battery
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052493 LiFePO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium ion Chemical compound [Li+] HBBGRARXTFLTSG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000156302 Porcine hemagglutinating encephalomyelitis virus Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001416 lithium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
- H01M10/425—Structural combination with electronic components, e.g. electronic circuits integrated to the outside of the casing
- H01M2010/4271—Battery management systems including electronic circuits, e.g. control of current or voltage to keep battery in healthy state, cell balancing
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Microelectronics & Electronic Packaging (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for continuous passive balance of operation battery cores in a battery pack. The method is characterized by comprising early-stage estimation and late-stage control. The early-stage estimation comprises the following steps: charge states of battery cores are balanced continuously, open-circuit voltages of the battery cores are estimated, and each battery core CVRS is estimated through a permission impulse response filter; lagging voltages are eliminated and the open-circuit voltage values of the battery cores are estimated at the same time. During the late-stage control, the minimum battery CVRS is found out from the whole battery pack, balance control is carried out through a valve switch. Thus, balance control can be achieved aimed at differences among battery cores with different types, capacitance loss can be prevented effectively and the service life can be prolonged. More importantly, tedious active balance process can be avoided.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of passive equilibrium method, relate in particular to the method for the lasting passive equilibrium of operation battery core in a kind of battery pack.
Background technology
With regard to prior art, electric automobile, hybrid electric vehicle or plug-in hybrid-power automobile become more and more popular, because this technology is compared fuel-engined vehicle, have more high energy efficiency and more lower operational cost.All these specification requirements storage of electrical energy on automobile, comes from power supply energy storage and gradually little to the dependence of fuel power element along with the energy, every technology all needs larger battery.In order to store enough electric energy in large battery pack, battery core connection can be configured to series and parallel connections.Lithium-ion electric core contains number of chemical material, and voltage levvl and the electric capacity of these materials are different.Mix battery core and can be capacitance range in the NMC of 10-20 Ahr chemical substance, and PHEV or EV battery core are typical LiFePO4 chemical substances, capacitance range is in 100Ahr.
And typical hybrid-power battery group can be 96 joint series connection battery cores to reach the required voltage window of hybrid power system, can be also that 1 or 2 joints are in parallel according to power requirement.The series connection of more piece battery core needs outside battery core balanced.But battery core can not be identical.Each battery core, even same model also can exist a little difference at aspects such as electric capacity, open circuit voltage, struck capacity, self-discharge rate, impedance and thermal characteristicss, affects battery charge state.In configured in series when assembling,, these differences make battery pack only under the most weak battery core is full or empty state, just allow battery charge or discharge, even if its neighbours continue charge or discharge with pleasure.If battery pack continues charging, the most weak battery core will be in overvoltage condition, causes battery core overheated or damage, and will further weaken battery core, causes potential safety hazard, such as fire.
Therefore, the imbalance between battery core has greatly limited the operation of battery pack.Difference between battery core grows with each passing day what is worse, will cause battery pack electric capacity run off larger, the life-span is shorter.In order to make full use of the total capacity of battery pack, and increase as far as possible useful life, must increase balancing circuitry and be used for balance battery core capacity.
Mainly contain now two kinds and use the balanced hardware designs of battery core widely: active and passive equilibrium.Passive equilibrium is used a switch and a resistance to discharge with balanced balanced current to lower battery core for overcharging battery core conventionally.Active equalization technological disparity is larger, but all by drawing the electric current of battery that electric capacity is higher or whole battery pack and injecting the weak or lower battery core of electric capacity, completes electric charge and shift.Active equalization efficiency is higher, and the energy transfer efficiency between battery core is about 90%.Meanwhile, compare passive equilibrium, when battery discharge, it also allows the energy continue to inject compared with light current core and make battery pack carry more electric capacity.Yet due to the complexity of active balancing circuit and expensive, it is seldom used.The algorithms of different that battery core balance control program is used is existing demonstration in clause above.
Specifically, the difference of battery core voltage is the uneven most typical performance of battery core.Most of algorithms are attempted to carry out balance battery core based on battery core voltage differences.If voltage difference has surpassed predefined threshold value, balancing circuitry work.Yet in battery-operated process, a lot of things can affect the battery core voltage of mensuration, and these can mislead the judgement to battery core equilibrium condition.The difference of electric capacity can cause charge unbalance.If a battery core is low compared with another battery core capacity, both discharge capacities, electric discharge duration all identical, the battery core carrying capacity that electric capacity is lower is so lower.Because OCV is a function of SOC, the OCV of battery core will be different with other battery cores, cause Voltage unbalance.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and the method for the lasting passive equilibrium of operation battery core in a kind of battery pack is provided.
Object of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
In battery pack, operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium, it is characterized in that: include estimation in early stage and control with the later stage, described estimation in early stage comprises the following steps, and 1. step, by estimation battery core open circuit voltage, continues balanced battery core state-of-charge; 2. step, deducts electric current by the battery core open circuit voltage of mensuration and is multiplied by battery core internal resistance, obtains battery core open circuit voltage lagging voltage estimated value, and this numerical value is the voltage that battery CVRS(battery core voltage is removed R and series resistance effect); 3. step, is estimated for battery core CVRS by adding the filter of authority impulse response, eliminates lagging voltage, estimates battery core open-circuit voltage values simultaneously;
The described later stage is controlled and comprises the following steps, and 1. step, finds out minimum battery CVRS from whole battery pack; 2. step, checks all battery cores in battery pack, carries out corresponding balance judgement; 3., valve switch carries out balance control to step.
Further, in above-mentioned battery pack, operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium, wherein: when internal resistance and hysteretic state appear in described battery core state-of-charge, voltage calculates removal on measuring the impact of voltage by CVRS value filtering.
Further, in above-mentioned battery pack, operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium, wherein: described CVRS value filtering is multiplied by battery core internal resistance and will obtains battery core OCV and lagging voltage estimated value for the battery core voltage from measuring deducts electric current.
Further, in above-mentioned battery pack, operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium, wherein: the described later stage is controlled every 100ms and carries out once.
Further, in above-mentioned battery pack, operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium, wherein: described balance is judged as, if battery CVRS is greater than minimum battery CVRS and valve open sum, is balance, keeps standing state; If battery CVRS is less than minimum battery CVRS and valve closing sum, stop balance.
Further, in above-mentioned battery pack, operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium, wherein: described control balancing is made as, when cell load, the micro-increasing of valve value is to illustrate the internal resistance inaccuracy of any battery and the lagged value between battery, when without cell load, CVRS value will approach battery OCV value and allow stricter battery equilibrium to limit to obtain the battery pack of abundant balance.
Again further, in above-mentioned battery pack, operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium, wherein: the value difference of described valve switch is different to be used when having or not dynamic current.
The advantage of technical solution of the present invention is mainly reflected in: the method and the control program that provide the passive battery core balancing circuitry of a kind of use to carry out the battery pack in balancing run, can the different battery core of corresponding model, and for difference wherein, realize balance and control.Can effectively prevent that electric capacity runs off its life-span of raising.What is more important, can remove the loaded down with trivial details active balancing process that adopts from.
Object of the present invention, advantage and disadvantage, will make an explanation by the non-limitative illustration of preferred embodiment below.These embodiment are only the prominent examples of application technical solution of the present invention, and all technical schemes of taking to be equal to replacement or equivalent transformation and forming, within all dropping on the scope of protection of present invention.
Embodiment
In battery pack, operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium, and its special feature is: the method applied in the present invention includes estimation in early stage and controls with the later stage.
Specifically, the estimation of the phase of employing comprises the following steps:
First, continue balance battery core state-of-charge (SOC) estimation battery core open circuit voltage (OCV).OCV is herein a function of SOC, and each battery core OCV is the same.Afterwards, the battery core open circuit voltage of mensuration is deducted to electric current and be multiplied by battery core internal resistance, obtain battery core open circuit voltage lagging voltage estimated value, this numerical value is the voltage that battery CVRS(battery core voltage is removed R and series resistance effect).Then, by adding the filter of authority impulse response, for battery core CVRS, estimate, eliminate (changing faster) lagging voltage, simultaneously estimation (changing slower) battery core open circuit voltage (OCV) value.During this period, the CVRS of this filtration can be used as controlling the basis of passive equilibrium.
Further, the control of the later stage of employing comprises the following steps: first, from whole battery pack, find out minimum battery CVRS.Afterwards, check all battery cores in battery pack, carry out corresponding balance judgement.Finally, valve switch carries out balance control.
With regard to the present invention one execution mode preferably, when internal resistance and hysteretic state appear in battery core state-of-charge, voltage calculates removal on measuring the impact of voltage by CVRS value filtering.Specifically, can deduct from the battery core voltage of measuring electric current is multiplied by battery core internal resistance and will obtains battery core OCV and lagging voltage estimated value.
In conjunction with actual service condition of the present invention, in order to improve the efficiency of later stage control, the later stage is controlled every 100ms and carries out once.
Again further, consider realizing final passive equilibrium, the balance that the present invention adopts is judged as, if battery CVRS is greater than minimum battery CVRS and valve open sum, is balance, keeps standing state.If battery CVRS is less than minimum battery CVRS and valve closing sum, stop balance.Certainly, in concrete implementation process, valve open or close can be different because of battery core type, chemical substance and capacity, and can select from battery testing.
Corresponding with it, the control balancing adopting in the invention process process is made as, and when cell load, the micro-increasing of valve value is to illustrate the internal resistance inaccuracy of any battery and the lagged value between battery.Meanwhile, when without cell load, CVRS value will approach battery OCV value and allow stricter battery equilibrium to limit to obtain the battery pack of abundant balance.And in whole implementation process, the value difference of valve switch is different to be used when having or not dynamic current.
By above-mentioned character express, can find out, adopt after the present invention, the method and the control program that provide the passive battery core balancing circuitry of a kind of use to carry out the battery pack in balancing run, can the different battery core of corresponding model, realizes balance control for difference wherein.Can effectively prevent that electric capacity runs off its life-span of raising.What is more important, can remove the loaded down with trivial details active balancing process that adopts from.
Claims (7)
1. in battery pack, operate the method that battery core continues passive equilibrium, it is characterized in that: include estimation in early stage and later stage control, described estimation in early stage comprises the following steps,
1. step, by estimation battery core open circuit voltage, continues balanced battery core state-of-charge;
2. step, deducts electric current by the battery core open circuit voltage of mensuration and is multiplied by battery core internal resistance, obtains battery core open circuit voltage lagging voltage estimated value, and this numerical value is battery CVRS, has both represented the voltage of battery core voltage removal R and series resistance effect;
3. step, is estimated for battery core CVRS by adding the filter of authority impulse response, eliminates lagging voltage, continues estimation battery core open-circuit voltage values OCV simultaneously;
The described later stage is controlled and comprises the following steps,
1. step, finds out minimum battery CVRS from whole battery pack;
2. step, checks all battery cores in battery pack, carries out corresponding balance judgement;
3., valve switch carries out balance control to step.
2. the method for the lasting passive equilibrium of operation battery core in battery pack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: when internal resistance and hysteretic state appear in described battery core state-of-charge, voltage calculates removal on measuring the impact of voltage by CVRS value filtering.
3. operation battery core continues the method for passive equilibrium in battery pack according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described CVRS value filtering is multiplied by battery core internal resistance and will obtains battery core OCV and lagging voltage estimated value for the battery core voltage from measuring deducts electric current.
4. the method for the lasting passive equilibrium of operation battery core in battery pack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the described later stage is controlled every 100ms and carries out once; Or other setting-up time cycles carry out once.
5. the method for the lasting passive equilibrium of operation battery core in battery pack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described balance is judged as, if battery CVRS is greater than minimum battery CVRS and valve open value sum, is balance, keeps standing state; If battery CVRS is less than minimum battery CVRS and valve closing value sum, stop balance.
6. in battery pack according to claim 1, operate the method that battery core continues passive equilibrium, it is characterized in that: described control balancing is made as, when cell load, the micro-increasing of valve value is to illustrate the internal resistance inaccuracy of any battery and the lagged value between battery, when without cell load, CVRS value will approach battery OCV value and allow stricter battery equilibrium to limit to obtain the battery pack of abundant balance.
7. the method for the lasting passive equilibrium of operation battery core in battery pack according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the difference value of described valve switch is used conventionally when having dynamic current.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201210312882.6A CN103633384B (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2012-08-30 | The method that operation battery core continues passive equilibrium in battery pack |
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| CN201210312882.6A CN103633384B (en) | 2012-08-30 | 2012-08-30 | The method that operation battery core continues passive equilibrium in battery pack |
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| CN103633384B CN103633384B (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104953194A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-09-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization control device, electrombile with battery equalization control device, and battery equalization control method |
| CN107861064A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2018-03-30 | 广州微宏电源科技有限公司 | A kind of more serial power battery pack electrical property detection methods |
| CN108780927A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-11-09 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack equalization methods, battery management system and battery system |
| WO2022012139A1 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for identifying battery cell, and computer storage medium |
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| CN101006354A (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2007-07-25 | 矢崎总业株式会社 | Dischargeable capacitance determining method |
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| CN101006354A (en) * | 2004-08-17 | 2007-07-25 | 矢崎总业株式会社 | Dischargeable capacitance determining method |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104953194A (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2015-09-30 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery equalization control device, electrombile with battery equalization control device, and battery equalization control method |
| CN104953194B (en) * | 2014-03-31 | 2017-08-22 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Battery balanced control device and electric car and battery balanced control method with it |
| CN108780927A (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2018-11-09 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack equalization methods, battery management system and battery system |
| CN108780927B (en) * | 2016-02-19 | 2021-06-25 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Battery pack balancing method, battery management system and battery system |
| CN107861064A (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2018-03-30 | 广州微宏电源科技有限公司 | A kind of more serial power battery pack electrical property detection methods |
| CN107861064B (en) * | 2017-07-24 | 2024-05-07 | 广州微宏电源科技有限公司 | Method for detecting electrical performance of multi-series power battery pack |
| WO2022012139A1 (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-01-20 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for identifying battery cell, and computer storage medium |
| CN114002603A (en) * | 2020-07-13 | 2022-02-01 | 宁德时代新能源科技股份有限公司 | Method and device for identifying battery cell and computer storage medium |
| US11598811B2 (en) | 2020-07-13 | 2023-03-07 | Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited | Method, apparatus, and computer storage medium for identifying cell |
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| CN103633384B (en) | 2017-05-31 |
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Address after: No.9 Ruining Road, Development Zone, Luquan District, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province, 050200 Patentee after: Hebei Jietaite Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 050200 Actual Industrial Park, Shangzhuang Town, Luquan City, Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province Patentee before: SHIJIAZHUANG JTT POWER AND ENERGY CO.,LTD. |