CN103683439A - System and method for controlling charge of lithium battery pack - Google Patents
System and method for controlling charge of lithium battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN103683439A CN103683439A CN201410010550.1A CN201410010550A CN103683439A CN 103683439 A CN103683439 A CN 103683439A CN 201410010550 A CN201410010550 A CN 201410010550A CN 103683439 A CN103683439 A CN 103683439A
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of charge control of a lithium battery and discloses a system and a method for controlling charging of a lithium battery pack. The system comprises a charging control unit, a detecting circuit and n charging controllers, wherein the lithium battery pack is formed by connecting n cells in series, the anode and the cathode of the lithium battery pack, and serial nodes among the cells are coupled to the n charging controllers, and each charging controller independently charges one cell; the detecting circuit detects the voltage and the current of each cell in real time and feeds a detecting signal to the charging control unit; the charging control unit independently adjusts the charging voltage and the charging current of each charging controller according to the detecting signal. The serially connected lithium battery pack and a single cell are charged in the same charging way, the problem that each cell in the serially connected lithium battery pack is not fully charged or over charged is effectively solved, and the problems of short service life and the like caused by over charging can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to lithium cell charging control field, be specifically related to a kind of lithium battery group charge control system and method.
Background technology
Lithium battery due to have energy density high, have extended cycle life, the advantage such as lightweight, therefore very soon just in portable electric appts and electric bicycle obtain extensive use.Along with the development of lithium battery, the manufacture level of monomer lithium-ion electric core and charger and baffle are very ripe, and monomer lithium-ion electric core cycle life is greatly improved.But the finite energy that many times monomer battery core provides, in order to improve the power of battery and voltage, need to be composed in series series battery by multisection lithium battery.
As shown in Figure 1, existing lithium ion battery group is comprised of lithium ion single battery series-parallel connection, by m cell parallel connection, is a batteries, then is composed in series by n batteries.Wherein, B+ is the positive pole of battery pack, and B-is the negative pole of battery pack.Current this lithium battery group generally adopts serial connection charge pattern, and only the both positive and negative polarity by battery pack charges, and then by balancing circuitry, carrys out the voltage and current of the charging at the every batteries of balance two ends.As shown in Figure 2, existing lithium battery group charging modes is that externally positive and negative end applies charging voltage.In Fig. 2, the PACK+ of battery-pack exterior casing is anodal, and PACK-is negative pole, charger by PACK+ and PACK-two ends to batteries charging.During charger work, before battery voltage does not arrive preset charged voltage, charger constant current charge; Arrive after preset value charger constant voltage charge.
Adopt prior art, every batteries unbalanced due to the voltage of charging when charging in series battery, there will be and be not fully filled and the phenomenon such as overcharge, and makes the useful life of battery pack far below monomer battery core.In Fig. 2, adopted charge and discharge protecting and balancing circuitry to attempt discharging and recharging of battery pack to regulate, wherein Rs is current sampling resistor, when charging balance/protective circuit detects short circuit current, protective circuit disconnects Kc(FET electronic switch automatically), cut off charge/discharge loop; Circuit also detects the voltage of every batteries by B0 to Bn lead-in wire, when certain batteries voltage being detected over predeterminated voltage, balancing circuitry is controlled the K switch i (i=1 corresponding with this batteries ... n) closure, this batteries is by resistance R i (i=1 ... n) electric discharge, reaches the object that reduces this batteries charging current.
But this charging modes of prior art is higher to the coherence request of every batteries, can only make balanced adjustment to internal resistance, each minimum batteries of capacity error.Perhaps, this requirement does not include too difficult thing concerning new battery, but internal resistance, the capacity of each batteries there will be larger variation after battery pack is used a period of time, and the range of balance of meeting over balance circuit, cause each batteries in charging process to overcharge or be not fully filled phenomenon, and to single battery charging, as long as set upper voltage limit, just can not cause and overcharge.Up to the present, some use the electrical equipment major part that particularly notebook computer uses of lithium battery is the pattern of serial lithium battery, use serial connection charge pattern, cycle life only has half left and right of monomer battery core, the lithium battery group of using in electric bicycle and electric automobile is due to the more lithium battery block of having connected, also be just more difficult to resolve the problem of certainly overcharging, and this problem has restricted the further development of lithium battery applications.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned defect existing in prior art, it is the equalizing charge how realizing in battery pack that the present invention wants technical solution problem.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, on the one hand, the invention provides a kind of lithium battery group charge control system, lithium battery group is in series by n batteries, and this system comprises: charging control unit, a testing circuit and n charge controller; Wherein, the series connection node between the both positive and negative polarity of described lithium battery group and each batteries is couple to a described n charge controller, and each charge controller is independent of a batteries charging; Described testing circuit is couple to each batteries two ends and described charging control unit, detects in real time the voltage and current of every batteries, and detection signal is fed back to described charging control unit; Described charging control unit is also couple to each charge controller, according to charging voltage or the charging current of described each charge controller of detection signal independent regulation of each batteries.
Preferably, a described n charge controller is configured in described system with series system or independent mode.
Preferably, while configuring with series system, the output negative pole of first charge controller couples the negative pole of described lithium battery group, the output cathode of n charge controller couples the positive pole of described lithium battery group, and the output negative pole of all the other each charge controllers couples the output cathode of front charge controller and is couple to the series connection node between corresponding battery simultaneously.
Preferably, described system also comprises: discharge protection circuit; Wherein,
In described lithium battery group negative or positive electrode one end, be serially connected with switch and discharging current sampling resistor;
Described discharge protection circuit couples mutually with the series connection node between described each batteries, also couples the two ends of described resistance simultaneously.
Preferably, while configuring with independent mode, two outputs of each charge controller couple with the two ends of a batteries respectively, between the output of each charge controller, directly do not couple.
Preferably, electrical isolation between the output of each charge controller.
Preferably, described system is built in described lithium battery group or is placed in outside described lithium battery group.
On the other hand, the present invention also provides a kind of lithium battery group charge control method simultaneously, and the method, based on said system, comprises step:
Testing circuit detects the voltage and current of every batteries in real time, and detection signal is fed back to charging control unit;
Charging control unit is according to charging voltage or the charging current of each charge controller of detection signal independent regulation of each batteries; Wherein,
Before certain batteries voltage does not arrive preset charged voltage, corresponding charge controller constant current charge; At cell voltage, arrive after preset charged voltage corresponding charge controller constant voltage charge; In battery charge, be less than after predetermined current value, corresponding charge controller stops charging automatically; Or being greater than default safe charging after the time in the battery charging interval, corresponding charge controller stops charging automatically.
Preferably, described charging voltage and described current value and described safe charging time preset according to different lithium battery models.
Preferably, described method also comprises step:
During system discharge, detect the voltage of every batteries and/or be connected on the electric current passing through in the discharging current sampling resistor in charging and discharging circuit;
When certain batteries voltage being detected, be less than default overdischarge voltage or electric current by described resistance detected while forming discharging current short circuit, automatically cut off described charging and discharging circuit.
Charging system disclosed by the invention, every batteries is charged separately, and understand in real time the charge status of every batteries, under battery capacity and the inconsistent condition of internal resistance, make each batteries can be full of electricity, and can not overcharge, make life-span of series battery approach the cycle life of cell, than the equalizing circuit lifetime of system long number using at present doubly, can arrive thousand above circulations.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the inner connecting way schematic diagram of lithium battery group in prior art;
Fig. 2 is the charging modes schematic diagram of lithium battery group in prior art;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of lithium battery group charge control system in one embodiment of the present of invention;
Fig. 4 is the thin portion structural representation of lithium battery group charge control system in a preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the configuration mode schematic diagram of charge controller in another preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described.Obviously, described embodiment is for implementing better embodiment of the present invention, and described description is to illustrate that rule of the present invention is object, not in order to limit scope of the present invention.Protection scope of the present invention should with claim the person of being defined be as the criterion, the embodiment based in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those skilled in the art obtain under the prerequisite of not making creative work, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
The inner multisection lithium battery battery core that adopts of existing lithium battery group is connected, and only the outermost end in series connection applies charge power supply, and the control of charging voltage or electric current is only carried out for battery pack integral body, and inside only can be by carrying out limited balance to battery discharge.Adopt existing mode, because of the individual difference of battery battery core in serial lithium battery group, can cause charging to be discontented with or overcharge phenomenon, long-term use meeting is to the life-span of whole battery pack and use safety to cause significant impact.
As shown in Figure 3, provide a kind of lithium battery group charge control system in embodiments of the invention, lithium battery group is in series by n batteries, and this system comprises: charging control unit, a testing circuit and n charge controller; Wherein, the series connection node between the both positive and negative polarity of described lithium battery group and each batteries is couple to a described n charge controller, and each charge controller is independent of a batteries charging; Testing circuit detects the voltage and current of every batteries in real time, and detection signal is fed back to charging control unit; Charging control unit is according to charging voltage or the charging current of each charge controller of detection signal independent regulation of each batteries.
In the present invention, the design of separately every batteries being charged by each charge controller, make every batteries carry out independent charging according to own different internal resistance and voltage, stopped to charge and bring the situation that overcharges or be not fully filled to lithium battery because of same current, make each batteries can be full of electricity, and can not overcharge.
Adopt said system, the present invention provides a kind of lithium battery group charge control method simultaneously, comprises step:
Testing circuit detects the voltage and current of every batteries in real time, and detection signal is fed back to charging control unit;
Charging control unit is according to charging voltage or the charging current of each charge controller of detection signal independent regulation of each batteries; Wherein,
Before certain batteries voltage does not arrive preset charged voltage, corresponding charge controller constant current charge; At cell voltage, arrive after preset charged voltage corresponding charge controller constant voltage charge; In battery charge, be less than after predetermined current value, corresponding charge controller stops charging automatically; Or being greater than default safe charging after the time in the battery charging interval, corresponding charge controller stops charging automatically.
Lower bound current value and safe charging time when preferably, said process can arrange default charging voltage and stop charging according to different lithium battery models.The charging incipient stage is carried out constant current charge, and constant current can guarantee the stability of charging process; Voltage arrives (being generally to close on the stage of being full of) after certain numerical value and carries out the fail safe that the charging of constant voltage can guarantee whole lithium battery; Finally, when being full of completely, constant voltage makes charging current level off to zero, can stop charging in good time; Or being greater than default safe charging after the time when the battery charging interval, corresponding charge controller stops charging automatically, prevents that the charging interval is long.
Charge controller can input dc power or alternating current according to different service conditions, and the concrete direction of direct current and the frequency of alternating current are selected separately according to service condition, do not do concrete restriction here.
With further reference to Fig. 4, it has provided in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and in the preferred embodiment, the output of n charge controller C1 to Cn in lithium battery group charge control system adopts series system to couple.Particularly, on lithium ion battery pack outer case, on the basis of original both positive and negative polarity PACK+ and PACK-2 root lead-in wire, having increased again to the lead-in wire P1 of the series connection node between each batteries is battery number to Pn-1(n, lead-in wire is that B1 is to Bn-1 at battery pack internal representation), n+1 root goes between altogether.The output of charge controller C1 to Cn is connected in series, and the series connection node S1 between each charge controller is couple to battery-pack exterior casing lead-in wire P1 to Pn-1 to Sn-1, and in addition, the anodal Sn of Cn output meets PACK+, and the negative pole S0 of C1 output meets PACK-.More preferably, each charge controller C1 is to electrical isolation between the output of Cn, to avoid causing every batteries short circuit in battery pack.
Adopt aforesaid way, in prior art, the charge balancing circuit of charger and charge protector can omit, and now for battery over-discharge is protected, only increase discharge protection circuit.As shown in Figure 4; in lithium battery group negative or positive electrode one end, (Fig. 4 take anodal PACK+ end be example) is serially connected with K switch c(FET electronic switch) and discharging current sampling resistor Rs; discharge protection circuit couples mutually with lithium battery group inner lead, also couples the two ends of resistance R s simultaneously.During system discharge, discharge protection circuit detects the voltage of every batteries by battery pack inner lead B0 to Bn, and when certain batteries voltage being detected and be less than default overdischarge voltage, the automatic cut-off switch Kc of protective circuit, cuts off discharge loop; And when protective circuit detects discharging current short circuit by resistance R s, the same cut-off switch Kc automatically of protective circuit, cuts off charging and discharging circuit.
More preferably, charging system is in the process of lithium cell charging, if in the situation of spread of voltage or short circuit, voltage there will be in the situation of unexpected increase, or under thunder and lightning weather, there is lightning surge phenomenon, voltage also can increase rapidly, not only can damage circuit element in this case, and can cause fatal destruction to lithium battery.Native system also can, to the independent piezo-resistance in parallel of every joint lithium battery, increase suddenly the destruction of bringing thereby protect this joint lithium battery to exempt from voltage.Varistor is the element sharply increasing with the increase of voltage with a certain specific voltage range internal conductance at a certain temperature; main as overvoltage protection, high energy surge absoption and high voltage stabilizing etc., be widely used in electric power system; communication apparatus, the field such as lightning-arrest of household electrical appliance and building.It can make sensitive reaction to transient voltage fluctuation, and can Reusability and can not damage, and uses piezo-resistance to be connected in parallel on here and on lithium battery, plays good protective effect.
In order to have and to get information about discharging and recharging situation, a plurality of Light-Emitting Diodes can also be directly set in system, the diode by different colours glittering, observes the situation of charging process.Certainly also can select the device of other indicating battery charge conditions here, such as blowing a whistle, play music etc., not do concrete restriction here.Further, the button of direct switching system can also be set in system, prepare against in emergency circumstances manual-lock charger, make native system safer, reliable.Preferably, charge control system of the present invention can also be built in lithium battery group.
With further reference to Fig. 5, except the series system shown in Fig. 4, each charge controller can also adopt independent mode to be configured in system.Wherein, two outputs of each charge controller couple with the two ends of a batteries respectively, between the output of each charge controller, no longer directly couple, and each charge controller is operated in system completely independently.Adopt the charging process of each batteries of mode independently more independent, control also relatively simply, fail safe is higher.
The present invention has realized serial lithium battery group and the same charging modes of single battery, efficiently solve the problem that in serial lithium battery group, every batteries has being not fully filled or overcharges when charging, can avoid causing the problems such as cycle life shortening even sets off an explosion because overcharge, and the combo of every batteries is required also greatly to reduce, make battery modularized more easily realization, its mechanism is simple, ingenious, cheap, can promote serial lithium battery group to develop fast.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not depart from thought of the present invention and scope lithium battery group charge control system and the method for being suitable for of the present invention.Like this, if within of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs to the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.
Claims (10)
1. a lithium battery group charge control system, described lithium battery group is in series by n batteries, it is characterized in that, and described system comprises: charging control unit, a testing circuit and n charge controller; Wherein,
Series connection node between the both positive and negative polarity of described lithium battery group and each batteries is couple to a described n charge controller, and each charge controller is independent of a batteries charging;
Described testing circuit is couple to each batteries two ends and described charging control unit, detects in real time the voltage and current of every batteries, and detection signal is fed back to described charging control unit;
Described charging control unit is also couple to each charge controller, according to charging voltage or the charging current of described each charge controller of detection signal independent regulation of each batteries.
2. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, a described n charge controller is configured in described system with series system or independent mode.
3. system as claimed in claim 2, it is characterized in that, while configuring with series system, the output negative pole of first charge controller couples the negative pole of described lithium battery group, the output cathode of n charge controller couples the positive pole of described lithium battery group, and the output negative pole of all the other each charge controllers couples the output cathode of front charge controller and is couple to the series connection node between corresponding battery simultaneously.
4. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described system also comprises: discharge protection circuit; Wherein,
In described lithium battery group negative or positive electrode one end, be serially connected with switch and discharging current sampling resistor;
Described discharge protection circuit couples mutually with the series connection node between described each batteries, also couples the two ends of described resistance simultaneously.
5. system as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, while configuring with independent mode, two outputs of each charge controller couple with the two ends of a batteries respectively, between the output of each charge controller, directly do not couple.
6. the system as described in claim 3 or 5, is characterized in that, electrical isolation between the output of each charge controller.
7. the system as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described system is built in described lithium battery group or is placed in outside described lithium battery group.
8. a lithium battery group charge control method, is characterized in that, the system of described method based on described in claim 1-7 any one, comprises step:
Testing circuit detects the voltage and current of every batteries in real time, and detection signal is fed back to charging control unit;
Charging control unit is according to charging voltage or the charging current of each charge controller of detection signal independent regulation of each batteries; Wherein,
Before certain batteries voltage does not arrive preset charged voltage, corresponding charge controller constant current charge; At cell voltage, arrive after preset charged voltage corresponding charge controller constant voltage charge; In battery charge, be less than after predetermined current value, corresponding charge controller stops charging automatically; Or being greater than default safe charging after the time in the battery charging interval, corresponding charge controller stops charging automatically.
9. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described charging voltage and described current value and described safe charging time preset according to different lithium battery models.
10. method as claimed in claim 8, is characterized in that, described method also comprises step:
During system discharge, detect the voltage of every batteries and/or be connected on the electric current passing through in the discharging current sampling resistor in charging and discharging circuit;
When certain batteries voltage being detected, be less than default overdischarge voltage or electric current by described resistance detected while forming discharging current short circuit, automatically cut off described charging and discharging circuit.
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| CN105021998A (en) * | 2015-08-11 | 2015-11-04 | 深圳市亿通科技有限公司 | Battery voltage detection device and electronic equipment |
| CN109713747A (en) * | 2018-12-21 | 2019-05-03 | 深圳运存科技有限公司 | Intelligence control system is used in a kind of charging of lithium battery |
| CN110299739A (en) * | 2019-06-24 | 2019-10-01 | 九阳股份有限公司 | A kind of charge control method of portable equipment |
| WO2020191583A1 (en) * | 2019-03-25 | 2020-10-01 | Oppo广东移动通信有限公司 | Battery charging method, apparatus and device, and readable storage medium |
| CN112383100A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-19 | 宁波飞驰达电子科技发展有限公司 | Lithium battery pack based on quick charging protocol |
| CN113078703A (en) * | 2021-03-08 | 2021-07-06 | 深圳市沛城智能控制技术有限公司 | Charging device and charging method |
| CN113682153A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-11-23 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Dual-power-supply power supply control method and system based on pantograph and power battery |
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| CN113682153B (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2024-04-05 | 中车青岛四方机车车辆股份有限公司 | Dual-power supply control method and system based on pantograph and power battery |
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Application publication date: 20140326 |