CN103630419B - The equipment and acquisition method of aquatile sample can be gathered safely - Google Patents
The equipment and acquisition method of aquatile sample can be gathered safely Download PDFInfo
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- CN103630419B CN103630419B CN201310711450.7A CN201310711450A CN103630419B CN 103630419 B CN103630419 B CN 103630419B CN 201310711450 A CN201310711450 A CN 201310711450A CN 103630419 B CN103630419 B CN 103630419B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment and acquisition method that can gather aquatile sample safely, central processor CPU tap frequency dividing compares module I C3,16 high-accuracy data collection card DAQ, digital display module IC4, voltage level comparison module IC6, frequency dividing compares module I C3, Light-emitting diode LED 4 and LED5, loudspeaker Y, frequency dividing compares module I C3 and meets photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5, photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5 meets magnetic field converting unit module MT, inductance L1, monitoring switch K8, output load resistance Z1 under monitoring switch K8 water receivings.During acquisition, the carrying mode of equipment is determined, gather species, the quantity of aquatile sample, preset netting gear；And then determine output electromagnetic field intensity scope；Output electrode is into the water；Starting device, the waters of surrounding them generate pulse electromagnetic field；Aquatile sample moves to default netting gear position, is fished for.The present invention is light-weight, is convenient for carrying；Aquatile sample is complete, safe to use；Acquisition rate is high, can obtain effective population data.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of equipment and acquisition method that can gather aquatile sample safely.
Background technology
At present, each basin water ecological in China faces various abiotic stress factor, such as：Hydroelectric development, lake main projects are such as
River lock etc., dyke such as build at the engineering factors；Overfishing, water pollution and lake eutrophication, navigation channel transport, river sand mining etc.
Other Stress Factors.
The various problems faced for Domestic Watershed Ecology are, it is necessary to ecological from aquatile Status of Fishery Resources Development, river and lake
The many aspects such as health status, the mechanism of action of Stress Factors and its influence degree size carry out Ecology monitoring, evaluation.This is just
The aquatile sample in largely acquisition target basin is needed to carry out the research works such as statistical analysis, but the fishing of traditional business is adjusted
Checking method is that professional fisherman's dredger (the common netting gear in such as Yangtze river basin is three laminar flow gill nets, small hook) is asked to be investigated, no
But time-consuming and laborious, a large amount of research fundings of consumption, the accident of causing casualties is also easy at the torrent dangerous shoal of some remote mountain areas,
Locals must be asked on behalf of acquisition, the sampling in sometimes one basin may take the time of several years, these problems consume greatly
The human and material resources of amount occupy researcher's substantial amounts of time, significantly increase scientific research cost, affect the efficiency of work；
And collecting sample in itself may also a variety of causes, have different degrees of damage and lose researching value.
In recent years, as the understanding of ecological environmental protection and requirement is continuously improved in people, country, which increases, provides Ecology
The dynamics and input of source protection, each large watershed carry out river, lake, the monitoring of the reservoir stock of fish and research work in succession, it is intended to river
The health of stream is evaluated.Developed countries acquisition aquatile sample technology is various, the impulse sampling equipment quilt of scientific research
Extensive use, such as:US Geological Survey (USGS) is in algae, the invertebrate of national water quality evaluation item (NAWQA)
With pulse electricity sampling plan is recommended in Fish Communities sampling plan.But since USGS only recommends domestic product and user
Method, expensive and quantity of parameters not external disclosure
China sets up complete biological integrity index (IBI) evaluation method not yet, and main cause is a lack of to pacify
The equipment of full acquisition aquatile sample supports, and can not obtain effective population data.
The applicant has found that aquatile is in the orientation presented in uniform DC pulse electromagnetic field by many experiments
Reaction.Its principle is that two (or multiple) electrodes with pulse electricity can form circular pulse electromagnetic field inside water, when not
When same sample objects run into corresponding electromagnetic field, body can be curved by the light of nature along electromagnetism field direction under the action of electromagnetic field
Song, and the floating movement of spiral fashion is constantly made toward water surface direction.The degree and effect of floating according to different species
Difference, such as：Under 50~600V of voltage, 20~80Hz, the action of pulsed magnetic field of 2~12ms of amplitude, the orientation of fish sample is anti-
Should be with obvious effects, the appearance and internal organ of sample are kept fit；In 500~990V of voltage, 60~120Hz, 6~20ms's of amplitude
Planktonic algae and macrobenthos can just generate reaction and start directed movement, wherein planktonic algae under the conditions of pulse electromagnetic field
The degree of floating is larger, and macrobenthos are since self-characteristic floating degree is smaller and movement is slow.
The content of the invention
Present invention aims at be badly in need of solving aquatile specimen sample early period for current Water ecoenvironment field
Big, the of high cost problem of difficulty, it is desirable to provide one kind can quickly obtain under the different qualities condition of water quality such as fresh water and seawater
Take the aquatic biological sample of health；Wide adaptation range, efficient, dependable performance, acquisition safety can gather aquatile sample safely
This equipment.
The realization method of the object of the invention is that the equipment that can gather aquatile sample safely, 12V DC electricity passes through conversion
Stepping exports after boosting, charges to buffering accumulated energy capacitance C1, and frequency dividing compares module I C3 and sends triggering enabling signal, by three poles
It is sent after pipe BG1 amplifications to photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5, photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5 generates pulse triggering signal will be high-precision
Pulsed magnetic field converting unit MT module triggering and conductings are spent, MT modules meet inductance L1, monitoring switch K8；Monitoring switch K8 contact relays
J1, relay J1 meet voltage level comparison module IC6 by triode BG6, and frequency dividing compares module I C3, voltage level compares mould
Block IC6 corresponding frequencies, voltage, current signal are transmitted to centre after sending to 16 high-accuracy data collection card DAQ progress D/A conversions
It manages device CPU to analyze and determine, signal send digital display module IC4 to show；Underwater output load resistance Z1 is connect by monitoring switch K8
Enter relay J2, the biasing circuit of triode BG4, relay J2 connects central processor CPU, central processor CPU sending and receiving light two
Pole pipe LED4, LED5, loudspeaker Y.
The method for gathering aquatile sample with the equipment that can gather aquatile sample safely, is as follows：
1) water area water-quality pollution condition is assessed, determines species, the quantity of acquisition aquatile sample；
2) according to the waters of acquisition aquatile sample, the carrying mode of equipment is determined；Carrying mode has Backpack type, places
Mode on hand-operated boat or power ship；
3) netting gear is placed on precalculated position, output electromagnetic field intensity model is determined according to acquisition aquatile sample object
It encloses；Then by output electrode according to different water depth into the water；It is started to work by operator's starting device；
4) it is normal start after from the sampled data that 16 high-accuracy data collection card DAQ are obtained to the voltage of equipment, electric current,
The data of frequency are monitored, and digital display module IC4 is shown, the waters of surrounding them generates pulse electromagnetic field；
5) aquatile sample needed for is dragged for pulse electromagnetic field directed movement to the corresponding position of prior default netting gear
It takes.
The invention has the advantages that：
1st, controllable high-precision pulse method for generation is selected, using photoelectric coupling circuit IC5 modules traditional pulse is replaced to become
Depressor, discrete component is few, light-weight, is convenient for carrying, and mitigates the burden of field sampling personnel；
2nd, the orientation reaction using sample objects in pulse electromagnetic field can realize it highly effective and safe samples, sample people
Member and sample objects are all safe；
3rd, can be complicated in waters, it is used in the case of deep water, aquatile is floated near sample devices after the water surface, with auxiliary
Instrument is collected, its appearance and inside are not damaged, do not influence the growth and breeding of sample；
4th, high-power, low power consumption, aquatile sample collection rate can obtain effective population data up to more than 98%；
5th, there are quick overload protection, output short circuit protection, reverse power connection defencive function, it is ensured that low frequency electric field exports, waters
Securely and reliably.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is electrical schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is operational flowchart of the present invention,
Fig. 3 is the outline structural diagram of present device.
Specific embodiment
With reference to Fig. 1,12V DC electricity is exported by stepping after conversion step-up, is charged to buffering accumulated energy capacitance C1, and frequency dividing compares
Module I C3 sends triggering enabling signal, is sent after triode BG1 amplifications to photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5 (4N26743Q),
Photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5 generates pulse triggering signal by high-precision pulse magnetic field converting unit MT modules (MTQ100-16)
Triggering and conducting, MT modules meet inductance L1, monitoring switch K8；Monitoring switch K8 contact relay J1, relay J1 pass through triode BG6
Voltage level comparison module IC6 (LM339N) is met, frequency dividing compares module I C3, voltage level comparison module IC6 corresponding frequencies, electricity
The signals such as pressure, electric current are sent to 16 high-accuracy data collection card DAQ (PCI6034), and central processing unit is transmitted to after carrying out D/A conversions
CPU analyzes and determines that signal send digital display module IC4 (LCD1602) display module to show；Underwater output load resistance Z1 passes through
Monitoring switch K8 cut-in relays J2, the biasing circuit of triode BG4, relay J2 connect central processor CPU and connect light-emitting diodes
Pipe LED4, LED5, loudspeaker Y.
With reference to Fig. 3, the aobvious of module I C4 (LCD1602) display module statistics have shown on the case panel of present device
The control keyboard 2 of display screen 1, central processor CPU, there is the release knob 3 of monitoring switch K8, and mouth 4, indicator light 5 occur for loudspeaker；Housing
There is mainframe box 8.Detachable insulation strap cover 6.Have for shoulder strap 7 of the sample collector by the pulse back of the body piggyback.
The operation principle for the equipment that aquatile sample can be gathered safely is to rise common 12V DC electricity by converting
Stepping exports after pressure, first charges to buffering accumulated energy capacitance C1, then compares module I C3 by frequency dividing and send triggering enabling signal, passes through
It is sent after crossing BG1 amplifications to photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5 (4N26743Q), pulse triggering signal is generated by high-accuracy pulse by IC5
Rush magnetic field converting unit MT modules (MTQ100-16) triggering and conducting so that abrupt release after C1 storage energy L1 current limliting vibrations.When
After C1 releases completely, MT modules voluntarily turn off due to input and output both end voltage reaches balance, and system again charges to C1, repeat
The above process forms the uniform pulse electromagnetic field of high voltage low current in output terminal.
The data such as voltage, the electric current of output are by monitoring switch K8 contact relay J1, then the biasing circuit by J1 accesses BG6
Signal is sent to voltage level comparison module IC6 (LM339N), frequency dividing compares module I C3 and voltage level comparison module IC6 will
The signals such as corresponding frequencies, voltage, electric current are transmitted to after sending to 16 high-accuracy data collection card DAQ (PCI6034) progress D/A conversions
CPU is analyzed and determined, according to different situations selection digital display module IC4 (LCD1602) display module is sent to show or acousto-optic report
It is alert.
The underwater output load resistance Z1 of main circuit accesses the biasing circuit of triode BG4 by monitoring switch K8.Work as electricity
When road is broken down, triode BG4 cut-offs, relay J2 discharges, and trigger circuit is stopped, and main circuit voluntarily turns off, signal
It passes central processor CPU back, is recovered or send alarm signal to make the normally-closed contact J2-3 of relay automatically by central processor CPU
It connects, LED light LED5, which is lighted and turned on loudspeaker Y, sends alarm.According to the difference of failure, LED5 and Y can send difference respectively
The alarm of frequency.Once normal, triode BG4 is turned on immediately for output under water, and relay is attracted, and trigger circuit work, equipment is certainly
It is dynamic to recover normal operation.
The present invention is made by reasonably selecting controllable high-precision pulse method for generation to the software programming of central processor CPU
Traditional pulse transformer is replaced with photoelectric coupling circuit IC5 modules, saves a large amount of discrete components, buffering accumulated energy capacitance C1 is used
Large capacity, high voltage bearing non-polar oil soak paper dielectric capacitance so that weight of equipment is light, is convenient for carrying, and mitigates field sampling personnel's
Burden, it is time saving and energy saving.High-power, low power consumption, aquatile sample collection rate is up to more than 98%.To gathered aquatile sample
This damage is small, quickly zero deflection can sample to obtain effective population data, while improve the efficiency and integrality of sampling.
The equipment that aquatile sample can be gathered safely exports uniform low-frequency d pulse electromagnetic field, is existed using sample objects
Orientation reaction in pulse electromagnetic field can realize it highly effective and safe samples, all safe to sample collector and sample objects.It is aquatic
After biology floats to the neighbouring water surface of sample devices, collected with auxiliary tool.Its appearance and inside are not damaged, do not influence sample
This growth and breeding.
Module I C3, voltage level comparison module IC6 compared by central processor CPU, frequency dividing and 16 DAQ are formed
Output pulse regulation system automatically can effectively be adjusted the technical indicator for exporting pulse, by modulated pulse signal
Becoming the start pulse signal of MT modules by IC5 pulses switch module, MT modules are started to work after receiving trigger signal,
Output forms the uniform DC pulse electromagnetic field of low frequency in water；And passing through IC4 digital display modules leads to the major parameter of equipment
It crosses intelligent display system and realizes the digitlization of system, visualization.
The method for gathering aquatile sample with the equipment that can gather aquatile sample safely, is as follows：
1) water area water-quality pollution condition is assessed, determines species, the quantity of acquisition aquatile sample；
2) according to the waters of acquisition aquatile sample, the carrying mode of equipment is determined；Carrying mode has Backpack type, places
Mode on hand-operated boat or power ship.
Sampling position, using Backpack type, is piggyback used the pulsing unit back of the body by sample collector in streams shoal；Sampling site
Point is river or lake, then equipment is placed on hand-operated boat or power ship according to the depth of water.
3) netting gear is placed on precalculated position, output electromagnetic field intensity model is determined according to acquisition aquatile sample object
It encloses；Then by output electrode according to different water depth into the water；It is started to work by operator's starting device.
It is fish to gather aquatile sample, and output electromagnetic field intensity is set：50~600V of voltage, 20~80Hz, amplitude 2
~12ms；When acquisition aquatile sample is planktonic algae, output electromagnetic field intensity setting：500~750V of voltage, 60~
100Hz, 8~15ms of amplitude；
Acquisition aquatile sample is dwelt planktonic algae for benthonic invertebrates or bottom, output electromagnetic field intensity setting：Electricity
Press 700~990V, 80~120Hz, 10~20ms of amplitude.
4) it is normal start after from the sampled data that 16 high-accuracy data collection card DAQ are obtained to the voltage of equipment, electric current,
The data of frequency are monitored, and digital display module IC4 is shown, the waters of surrounding them generates pulse electromagnetic field；
5) aquatile sample needed for pulse electromagnetic field guiding is moved to emitter position, hence into corresponding default
Netting gear is fished for.
Pelagic fishes and algae are fished for using landing net or diddle-net；Centering bottom planktonic algae and fish are fished for trawlnet.
The planktonic algae that dwells to benthic macroinverte- brate and bottom is used pulse electric equipment electromagnetic field emissions pole respectively with dipping net, kicking net
Or the method with bindings such as collector sieves, guiding acquisition target is moved to emitter position, hence into default netting gear,
It is acquired again.
With reference to Fig. 2, concrete operations flow of the invention is：
1st, after connecting equipment power supply, sent by the control keyboard of equipment and start control software order；
2nd, software sets agreement control code to configure serial communication between central processor CPU and data collecting card DAQ；
3rd, whether normally to be communicated by sending between single byte access control keyboard, CPU and DAQ, if communication is abnormal
Then reconfigure serial ports；
If the 4, communication is normal, sends system to DAQ and start control command；
5th, start monitoring of software, be to equipment by the data transmission between central processor CPU and data collecting card DAQ
No normal work is monitored in real time；
6th, judgement system knows no normal startup, not actuated, carries out circuit detection, judges whether hardware fault；
If the 7, system normally starts, according to from the sampled data that DAQ is obtained to the voltage of equipment, electric current, frequency number
According to being monitored；If data are abnormal, circuit detection is carried out, judges whether data transmission link is normal；
If the 8, data are normal, display screen is sent to show；
9th, judge whether display data normal, it is abnormal, carry out circuit detection, judge whether display data transmissions normal,
Whether display screen has hardware fault etc.；
If the 10, display is normal, judge whether to receive end Monitoring instruction.If do not received, continue system monitoring
Work；
If the 11, receiving END instruction, system-down control instruction is sent；
12nd, judge whether system is normally stopped.If do not stopped, circuit detection is carried out, judges whether hardware
Failure；
13rd, circuit detection is mainly by detecting the whether normal transmission data-signal of each intermodule and monitoring data and behaviour
Whether work person's setup parameter is consistent etc. to be completed detection work.
14th, in detecting, need whether failure judgement has recovered normal, if repaired, continue system monitoring work；
If the 15, failure is not recovered, corresponding fault-signal is transmitted to CPU according to location of fault, starts sound-light alarm.
If the 16th, system orderly closedown, running software terminates.
Claims (6)
- The equipment that 1. aquatile sample can be gathered safely, it is characterised in that 12V DC electricity is exported by stepping after conversion step-up, Charge to buffering accumulated energy capacitance C1, frequency dividing compares module I C3 and sends triggering enabling signal, sent after triode BG1 amplifications to Photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5, photoelectric coupling circuit module I C5 generate pulse triggering signal and high-precision pulse magnetic field are converted list First MT modules triggering and conducting, MT modules meet inductance L1, monitoring switch K8；Monitoring switch K8 contact relay J1, relay J1 pass through Triode BG6 meets voltage level comparison module IC6, and frequency dividing compares module I C3, voltage level comparison module IC6 corresponding frequencies, electricity Pressure, current signal are transmitted to central processor CPU after sending to 16 high-accuracy data collection card DAQ progress A/D conversions and analyze and determine, Signal send digital display module IC4 to show；Underwater output load resistance Z1 passes through monitoring switch K8 cut-in relays J2, triode The biasing circuit of BG4, relay J2 connect central processor CPU, central processor CPU sending and receiving optical diode LED4, LED5, loudspeaker Y。
- 2. the equipment according to claim 1 that aquatile sample can be gathered safely, it is characterised in that buffering accumulated energy capacitance C1 uses large capacity, and high voltage bearing non-polar oil soaks paper dielectric capacitance.
- 3. the method for gathering aquatile sample with the equipment described in claim 1 that can gather aquatile sample safely, It is characterized in that being as follows：1) water area water-quality pollution condition is assessed, determines species, the quantity of acquisition aquatile sample；2) according to the waters of acquisition aquatile sample, the carrying mode of equipment is determined；Carrying mode has Backpack type, is placed on hand Mode in sculling or power ship；3) netting gear is placed on precalculated position, output electromagnetic field intensity scope is determined according to acquisition aquatile sample object；So Afterwards by output electrode according to different water depth into the water；It is started to work by operator's starting device；4) from the sampled data that 16 high-accuracy data collection card DAQ are obtained to the voltage, electric current, frequency of equipment after normally starting Data be monitored, digital display module IC4 is shown, the waters of surrounding them generates pulse electromagnetic field；5) aquatile sample needed for is fished for pulse electromagnetic field directed movement to the corresponding position of prior default netting gear.
- 4. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that when acquisition aquatile sample is fish, electromagnetic field intensity is exported Degree setting：50~600V of voltage, 20~80Hz, 2~12ms of amplitude；When acquisition aquatile sample is planktonic algae, output electricity Magnetic field intensity is set：500~750V of voltage, 60~100Hz, 8~15ms of amplitude；Acquisition aquatile sample is dwelt no vertebra the bottom of for Animal or bottom dwell planktonic algae when, output electromagnetic field intensity setting：700~990V of voltage, 80~120Hz, 10~20ms of amplitude.
- 5. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that when sample objects generate orientation reaction in pulse electromagnetic field Afterwards, pelagic fishes and algae are fished for using landing net or diddle-net；Centering bottom planktonic algae and fish are fished for trawlnet.
- 6. according to the method described in claim 3, it is characterized in that the planktonic algae that dwells to benthic macroinverte- brate and bottom is adopted With by pulse electric equipment electromagnetic field emissions pole respectively with dipping net, kicking net or method with bindings such as collector sieves, guiding acquisition Object is moved to emitter position, hence into default netting gear, then is acquired.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310711450.7A CN103630419B (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | The equipment and acquisition method of aquatile sample can be gathered safely |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310711450.7A CN103630419B (en) | 2013-12-20 | 2013-12-20 | The equipment and acquisition method of aquatile sample can be gathered safely |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103630419A CN103630419A (en) | 2014-03-12 |
| CN103630419B true CN103630419B (en) | 2018-05-18 |
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| CN111406716B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-09-14 | 大连理工大学 | Submersible environment-friendly aquatic benthonic animal fishing device |
| CN111280135B (en) * | 2020-03-30 | 2021-10-22 | 大连理工大学 | Environment-friendly aquatic benthonic animal fishing device of rutting formula |
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| CN1064782A (en) * | 1992-01-09 | 1992-09-30 | 高华明 | Deepwater pulsed shrimp catcher with fine-section high-strength cable |
| CN2208787Y (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1995-10-04 | 江振翔 | Pulse shrimp catch apparatus |
| CN2306654Y (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1999-02-10 | 福建省水产研究所 | Underwater shrimping machine by power supply pulse |
| CN2613997Y (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-05-05 | 柏大同 | Electronic fishing machine |
| WO2007058554A1 (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-05-24 | Elektrotim S.A. | Method of the fish behaviour control and the device for controlling fish behaviour in water environment |
| CN102939946A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-02-27 | 张言伟 | Fishing equipment and application method thereof |
-
2013
- 2013-12-20 CN CN201310711450.7A patent/CN103630419B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1064782A (en) * | 1992-01-09 | 1992-09-30 | 高华明 | Deepwater pulsed shrimp catcher with fine-section high-strength cable |
| CN2208787Y (en) * | 1994-12-28 | 1995-10-04 | 江振翔 | Pulse shrimp catch apparatus |
| CN2306654Y (en) * | 1996-09-27 | 1999-02-10 | 福建省水产研究所 | Underwater shrimping machine by power supply pulse |
| CN2613997Y (en) * | 2003-03-31 | 2004-05-05 | 柏大同 | Electronic fishing machine |
| WO2007058554A1 (en) * | 2005-11-16 | 2007-05-24 | Elektrotim S.A. | Method of the fish behaviour control and the device for controlling fish behaviour in water environment |
| CN102939946A (en) * | 2012-12-07 | 2013-02-27 | 张言伟 | Fishing equipment and application method thereof |
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