CN103630319B - Based on wind-powered electricity generation high speed shaft bearing shaft to the shock table loaded - Google Patents

Abstract

An impact test bench based on axial loading of wind power high-speed shaft bearings, including a base platform, a drive motor, a flywheel, a clutch, a rotating main shaft, a main test bearing, an axial loading device, and a magnetic powder brake. The drive motor is installed on the base One end of the platform, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to one end of the central shaft of the flywheel, the clutch is installed on the base platform through a bracket, the other end of the central shaft of the flywheel is connected to the input end of the clutch, and the clutch’s The output end is connected to one end of the rotating main shaft, the magnetic powder brake is installed on the other end of the base platform, the other end of the rotating main shaft is connected to the braking shaft of the magnetic powder brake, and the main test bearing is installed on the rotating main shaft And fixed on the base platform. The invention provides an impact test bench based on axial loading of wind power high-speed shaft bearings, which effectively simulates rotating impact loads, facilitates axial loading of bearings, and reduces costs.

Description

Impact test bench based on axial loading of wind power high-speed shaft bearings

technical field

The invention relates to an impact test bench for axial loading of bearings, in particular to an impact test bench based on axial loading of wind power high-speed shaft bearings.

Background technique

The main function of the wind power gearbox is to transmit the power generated by the wind wheel under the action of the wind to the generator and make it obtain a corresponding speed. The mechanism of the wind power gearbox adopts two-stage planetary transmission plus one-stage parallel shaft transmission. Usually, the two-stage planetary transmission structure of the low-speed stage and the middle stage is relatively stable during use, but as the end of the wind power gearbox transmission, the high-speed shaft bearing Subject to large dynamic axial force, and as the intermediate connection between wind power gearbox and generator, high-speed shaft bearings often need to bear large impact steering loads at the beginning and end of power generation, and there are many failures. Faults generally manifest as serious axial movement of the bearing, insufficient lubrication of the raceway, abnormal temperature, softening of the surface of the bearing rollers to cause pitting, peeling or even cracking. In order to avoid the above problems, it is generally necessary to carry out axial The impact test under the loading condition verifies the reliability of the quality of the bearing by simulating the impact load received during the use of the bearing.

The traditional bearing test device usually loads the bearing axially, radially or compoundly, and performs the fatigue life test under the loading condition, but in the actual use of the bearing, it is found that the bearing is difficult to achieve the test in the laboratory environment. Fatigue life, this is because conventional bearing fatigue life test devices can only use fixed rotating load simulation devices such as inertial wheels and brakes. Some test devices use electric sealing technology to save energy. However, due to the frequency response characteristics of generators, electric sealing The device can only simulate the load curve with slow changing characteristics, but cannot do the impact load test during the bearing rotation process. Therefore, the conventional fatigue life test can only determine the service life of the bearing under the condition of small load changing characteristics. In addition, Existing bearing axial loading technologies generally include hydraulic loading, pneumatic loading, and mechanical loading. The power of hydraulic loading is large, and the loading curve is accurate, but the frequency response is poor, and the implementation cost is high. The characteristics of the loading process of pneumatic loading are uncontrollable and pneumatic The components are fragile, and mechanical loading can achieve more accurate loading and better frequency response, but the construction of the loading device needs to occupy a certain amount of space and is poor in flexibility. Different test objects need to be implemented with different tooling.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the existing bearing test device that cannot simulate the impact load of the bearing, the implementation of the bearing axial loading device is complicated, and the cost is high, the present invention provides a device that effectively simulates the rotational impact load, facilitates the axial loading of the bearing, and reduces costs. Shock test bench based on axial loading of wind power high-speed shaft bearings.

The technical scheme that the present invention solves its technical problem adopts is:

An impact test bench based on axial loading of wind power high-speed shaft bearings, including a base platform, a drive motor, a flywheel, a clutch, a rotating main shaft, a main test bearing, an axial loading device, and a magnetic powder brake. The drive motor is installed on the base One end of the platform, the output shaft of the drive motor is connected to one end of the central shaft of the flywheel, the clutch is installed on the base platform through a bracket, the other end of the central shaft of the flywheel is connected to the input end of the clutch, and the clutch’s The output end is connected to one end of the rotating main shaft, the magnetic powder brake is installed on the other end of the base platform, the other end of the rotating main shaft is connected to the braking shaft of the magnetic powder brake, and the main test bearing is installed on the rotating main shaft and fixed on the base platform;

The axial loading device includes a ring magnet, a ring electromagnet, a linear slide rail and a linear motor, the ring magnet is set on the rotating main shaft, the linear slide rail is installed on the base platform, and the The ring electromagnet can slide left and right and is installed on the linear slide rail. The coaxial center of the rotating spindle passes through the center ring of the ring electromagnet. The linear motor is installed on the base platform, and the output shaft of the linear motor It is fixedly connected with the base of the ring electromagnet, and the output shaft of the linear motor is linked with the ring electromagnet along the direction of the linear guide rail.

Further, an axial loading step is processed in the middle of the rotating spindle, and the axial loading step fits on the outer side of the inner ring of the main test bearing, and an axial force is applied to the main test bearing through the extrusion of the axial loading step , the outer diameter of the edge of the axially loaded step should be larger than the inner diameter of the inner ring of the main test bearing and smaller than the outer diameter of the inner ring.

Further, the impact test bench also includes a test bearing, which is installed at one end of the rotating main shaft and fixed on the base platform, and the test bearing is located between the clutch and the main test bearing. between. In this preferred solution, a test companion bearing is used to provide a better testing environment. Preferably, the companion test bearing is of the same type as the main test bearing.

Preferably, the ring electromagnet is powered by DC, and the direction of the magnetic field is along the central axis of the rotating main shaft. The ring electromagnet can change the direction of the south and north poles of the magnetic field by changing the direction of the positive and negative poles of the DC current.

Preferably, an air-cooled radiator is installed at the tail of the magnetic powder brake to cool down the magnetic powder brake to prevent the magnetic powder inside the brake from becoming invalid due to excessive temperature. As another preferred solution, when the test bench performs 300% During the overload impact test, the tail of the magnetic powder brake needs to be installed with a water-cooled radiator, which is used for cooling by circulating water.

The technical concept of the present invention is to simulate the impact acceleration process of the bearing through the loading of the flywheel and the clutch, realize the impact deceleration process of the bearing through the programmable braking of the magnetic powder brake, and realize the axial loading of the bearing by the electromagnetic interaction of the ring electromagnet and the ring magnet steel .

The beneficial effects of the present invention are mainly manifested in: (1) through the flywheel device and the magnetic powder brake, the impact test of the bearing can be truly and effectively carried out; (2) the bearing is loaded by electromagnetic loading, the implementation device is simple and the cost is low; (3) the use of The linear motor has the characteristics of fast response and high control precision, which can effectively load the bearing dynamically.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is an isometric view of a bearing axially loaded shock test rig.

Figure 2 is a top view of the bearing axially loaded impact test bench.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Figures 1 and 2, an impact test bench based on axial loading of wind power high-speed shaft bearings includes a base table 1, a drive motor 2, a flywheel 3, a clutch 4, a rotating main shaft 5, a main test bearing 6, and an accompanying test bearing 7. Axial loading device 8 and magnetic powder brake 9,

The driving motor 2 is a three-phase variable frequency speed regulating motor, which is used as the rotating drive source of the test bench. The motor is selected from Anhui Wannan Motor, model YVF2-90S-4, with a rated power of 1.1kW, a rated speed of 1500rpm, and a frequency conversion range of 5-100Hz , the driving motor 2 is installed on one end of the base platform 1, the output shaft of the driving motor 2 is connected with one end of the central shaft of the flywheel 3 through a diaphragm coupling, the clutch 4 is an electromagnetic clutch, and a 24V DC Power supply, the power supply is 20W, the static friction torque is 25N·m, and the dynamic friction torque is 20N·m. The clutch 3-1 is installed on the L-shaped bracket through three threaded holes located at 120° equiangular intervals on the same circumference. The other end of the central axis of the flywheel 3 is fixedly connected to the input end of the clutch 4 through a flat key, the output end of the clutch 4 is connected to one end of the rotating main shaft 5 through a coupling, and the magnetic powder brake 9 is installed on the base platform 1, the other end of the rotating main shaft 5 is connected with the braking shaft of the magnetic powder brake 9 through a coupling, and the main test bearing 6 is installed on the rotating main shaft 5 and fixed on the base platform 1 Above, there is an axially loaded shoulder 5-1 in the middle of the rotating main shaft 5, and the axially loaded shoulder 5-1 fits with the outer side of the inner ring of the main test bearing 6, through the axially loaded step 5- The axial extrusion of 1 applies an axial force to the main test bearing 6, and the outer diameter of the edge of the axially loaded step should be larger than the inner diameter of the inner ring of the main test bearing and smaller than the outer diameter of the inner ring, and the companion test bearing 7 is installed on the One end of the rotating main shaft 5 is fixed on the pedestal 1, the accompanying test bearing 7 is located between the clutch 4 and the main testing bearing 6, and the function of the accompanying test bearing is to provide the rotating main shaft 5 with Stable support point and provide a good rotating test environment for the main test bearing 6, the selected model is consistent with the main test bearing 6 model.

The axial loading device 8 includes a ring magnet 8-1, a ring electromagnet 8-2, a linear slide rail 8-3 and a linear motor 8-4, and the ring magnet 8-1 adopts a powerful NdFeB magnet, The magnetic material of N40 grade is selected, and the surface is nickel-plated. The annular magnetic steel 8-1 is set on the rotating spindle 5, one side is positioned by the shaft shoulder, and the other side is positioned by a limit screw, so as to ensure that the annular magnetic steel 8-1 -1 is fixed in the axial direction, the linear slide rail 8-3 is installed on the base platform 1 through bolts, the linear slide rail 8-3 adopts standard parts, model MGN12H, the movable stroke is 200mm, the ring electromagnet 8-2 adopts a coil type ring electromagnet with a rated operating voltage of 36V, a maximum suction force of 150Kg, a starting power of 500VA, and a holding power of 90VA. The base of the ring electromagnet 8-2 can be installed on the On the linear slide rail 8-3, the rotating main shaft 5 coaxially passes through the center ring of the ring electromagnet 8-2, and there is a gap between the rotating main shaft 5 and the ring electromagnet 8-2. The rated voltage of the linear motor 8-4 is 24V DC, the stroke of the output shaft is 150mm, and the output thrust is 750N. The base of the ring electromagnet 8-2 is fixedly connected, and the output shaft of the linear motor 8-4 is linked with the ring electromagnet 8-2 along the direction of the linear guide rail 8-3.

In this embodiment, the implementation steps of the main test bearing 6 simulating impact acceleration and deceleration are as follows, the initial clutch 4 is in a disengaged state, the magnetic powder brake 9 is in a non-magnetic state, and after the driving motor 2 drives the flywheel 3 to rotate to a certain speed, the clutch 4 At this time, due to the high-speed rotation of the flywheel 3, the impact acceleration of the rotating main shaft 5 is driven by the clutch 4, and the impact acceleration loading of the main test bearing 6 is completed; when the rotating main shaft 5 runs smoothly at a high speed, the programmable magnetic powder brake 9 A sudden load is applied, the rotating main shaft 5 is decelerated, and the impact load test on the main test bearing 6 is completed.

The axial loading device 8 realizes the axial loading process of the main test bearing 6 through the interaction of the ring electromagnet 8-2 and the ring magnet steel 8-1. oriented magnetic field, the ring magnet 8-1 is a permanent magnet, which itself has a magnetic field along the axial direction, and the ring magnet 8-2 realizes the rotation of the ring magnet 8-1 through the linear reciprocating motion of the linear motor 8-4. Dynamic loading, the annular magnetic steel 8-1 implements axial loading on the main test bearing 5 through the axial loading shoulder of the rotating main shaft 5. In addition, the linear motor 8-4 has a particularly high frequency response, which can achieve relatively high acceleration motion , so the main test bearing 6 can be dynamically loaded with a higher frequency.

Claims (5)

1. one kind based on wind-powered electricity generation high speed shaft bearing shaft to load shock table, it is characterized in that: described shock table comprises pedestal platform, drive motor, flywheel, clutch coupling, rotary main shaft, main examination bearing, axial loading device and magnetic powder brake, described drive motor is arranged on pedestal platform one end, described drive motor output shaft is connected with one end of described flywheel central shaft, described clutch coupling by support installing on pedestal platform, the described other end of flywheel central shaft is connected with the input end of clutch coupling, the output terminal of described clutch coupling is connected with one end of described rotary main shaft, described magnetic powder brake is arranged on the pedestal platform other end, the described rotary main shaft other end is connected with the brake axle of magnetic powder brake, described main examination bearing to be arranged on described rotary main shaft and to be fixed on described pedestal platform,

Described axial loading device comprises annular magnetic steel, ring electromagnet, line slide rail and linear electric motors, described annular magnetic steel is sleeved on the upper of described rotary main shaft, described line slide rail is arranged on pedestal platform, what described ring electromagnet can horizontally slip is arranged on described line slide rail, described rotary main shaft concentric is through the center ring of described ring electromagnet, described linear electric motors are arranged on pedestal platform, the output shaft of described linear electric motors is fixedly connected with the pedestal of described ring electromagnet, the output shaft of described linear electric motors and described ring electromagnet realize linking along described line slideway direction.

2. as claimed in claim 1 based on the shock table of wind-powered electricity generation high speed shaft bearing shaft to loading, it is characterized in that: be processed with an axis in the middle of described rotary main shaft and load step, described axially loading outside step and described main examination bearing inner race is fitted, and the flange outside diameter axially loading step is greater than the inner ring internal diameter of main examination bearing and is less than the external diameter of inner ring.

3. as claim 1 or 2 or as described in based on wind-powered electricity generation high speed shaft bearing shaft to load shock table, it is characterized in that: described shock table also comprises accompanies examination bearing, described accompany examination bearing be arranged on one end of described rotary main shaft and be fixed on described pedestal platform, described in accompany examination bearing between described clutch coupling and described main examination bearing.

4. as claim 1 or 2 or as described in based on wind-powered electricity generation high speed shaft bearing shaft to load shock table, it is characterized in that: described ring electromagnet is direct current supply electromagnet, the magnetic direction of described ring electromagnet is the central axis direction along rotary main shaft.

5. as claim 1 or 2 or as described in based on wind-powered electricity generation high speed shaft bearing shaft to load shock table, it is characterized in that: described magnetic powder brake afterbody is provided with the fan-cooled radiator in order to lower the temperature to magnetic powder brake.