CN113155461B

CN113155461B - Wind power main shaft bearing test bed

Info

Publication number: CN113155461B
Application number: CN202110614158.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈捷; 赵顺; 洪荣晶; 金晟; 胡嘉奇
Original assignee: NANJING GONGDA CNC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD; Nanjing Tech University
Current assignee: NANJING GONGDA CNC TECHNOLOGY CO LTD; Nanjing Tech University
Priority date: 2021-06-02
Filing date: 2021-06-02
Publication date: 2022-08-02
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-02
Also published as: CN113155461A

Abstract

The invention provides a wind power main shaft bearing test bed which comprises a loading frame, an oil cylinder part, a tool part and a driving part. The test bed disclosed by the invention is characterized in that 18 oil cylinders are circularly distributed in the radial direction and the axial direction of the bearing respectively, every three oil cylinders form a group to apply loads, loads with different sizes can be applied at different positions, stepless force conversion loading is realized, the loads form the load born by the bearing in actual operation, and the actual working condition of the bearing can be simulated very really; the test bed is provided with a variable pitch bearing and a main shaft bearing at the same time, and the replacement of the driving part can carry out experiments of two bearings. The invention can truly simulate the bearing load and can carry out experiments on two wind power bearings, thereby solving the problems that the traditional bearing test bed in China can not truly simulate the actual bearing load and can not simultaneously detect the wind power main shaft bearing and the variable pitch bearing; has very important significance for the technical development of the fan bearing in China.

Description

Wind power main shaft bearing test bed

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of large-scale wind power bearing performance testing devices, in particular to a wind power bearing test bed which can truly simulate the actual stress of a bearing and can test two bearings of a wind power pitch bearing and a main shaft bearing.

Background

The wind power bearing is a core component of the wind driven generator, along with the development of science and technology and the progress of times, the use of the fan is more and more, and the demand of the wind power bearing is increased day by day.

At present, the wind power yaw and pitch bearing is made in a domestic manner, but the manufacturing technology is generally lagged behind abroad, the main shaft bearing mainly depends on import, and the enterprise design bearing is detected through the detection equipment with perfect and reasonable design, so that related enterprises can find problems in time, products are improved, and the healthy development of the wind power industry in China is promoted.

However, the existing wind power bearing test bed in China simply divides the force borne by the wind power bearing into radial force, axial force and overturning moment, and cannot truly reflect the actual load borne by the bearing. The designer only considers the load of one type of bearing when designing the bearing test bed, the structure is single, the experiment of various bearings cannot be carried out, and the structure waste is caused.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a wind power main shaft bearing test bed which can truly simulate the actual load of a bearing and can test two bearings of a variable pitch bearing and a main shaft bearing of a fan after a driving part is replaced.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:

a wind power main shaft bearing test bed is characterized by comprising a loading frame 1, an oil cylinder part 2, a tool part 3 and a driving part 4; the cylinder part 2 is arranged on the tool part 3, the tool part 3 is arranged in the loading frame 1, and the driving part 4 is connected with the tool part 3.

The loading frame 1 is divided into an upper loading frame 16 and a lower loading frame 12, and the upper loading frame 16 and the lower loading frame 12 are fixedly connected through bolts to form the complete loading frame 1; the loading frame 1 is provided with a mounting hole so that the cylinder part 2 can be fixed, and the cylinder part 2 penetrates through the cylinder placing hole 161 of the loading frame 1; the loading frame 1 is fixed on the foundation through bolts.

The oil cylinder part 2 is divided into 18

radial oil cylinders

13 and 18 axial oil cylinders 15; the radial oil cylinders 13 are circumferentially distributed and fixed on the radial annular surface of the loading frame 1; the axial oil cylinders 15 are distributed and fixed on the axial circular surface of the loading frame 1 in a circular ring shape.

The tool part 3 comprises a loading transition disc 14, a variable pitch bearing 17, a main shaft 10, a main shaft bearing 18, a taper sleeve 19, a nut 20 and a bearing seat 11; the cylinder rods of three cylinders distributed at the lower part of the loading frame 1 in the radial cylinder 13 cylinder group prop against the loading transition disc 14 at the initial position so as to counteract partial gravity of the tool part 3; the loading transition disc 14 is circumferentially provided with cylinder lugs 141 in the axial direction for mounting a cylinder rod 151 of the axial cylinder 15; the outer ring of the variable pitch bearing 17 and the loading transition disc 14 are connected into a whole through a mounting hole of the outer ring of the variable pitch bearing 17 and a mounting hole on the loading transition disc 14; the inner ring of the variable pitch bearing 17 and the main shaft 10 are connected with a mounting hole on the main shaft 10 through a mounting hole on the inner ring of the variable pitch bearing 17 to form a whole; the side part of the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 is attached to the shaft shoulder of the main shaft 10 and used for transmitting axial force; the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 is fixed on the main shaft 10 through a taper sleeve 19 and a nut 20, so that the relative sliding between the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 and the main shaft 10 is avoided during driving; the outer ring of the main shaft bearing 18 is in interference fit with the bearing seat 11, and the bearing seat 11 is fixed on the loading frame 1 by bolts; when the test bed runs, the inner ring of the variable pitch bearing 17, the inner ring of the main shaft 10 and the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 rotate, and the rest part of the tool part 3 is fixed.

The driving part 4 comprises an end cover 9, a gear box 8, a driving motor 7, a gear box frame 6 and a guide rail 5; the gear box 8 is connected with the main shaft 10 in a spline mode through a gear box protruding shaft 81; the end cover 9 is sleeved on the gear box extension shaft 81 and is tightly connected with the main shaft 10 through a bolt; the gear box 8 is a combination box of two planetary gear boxes; the motor 7 and the gear box 8 are integrated mechanisms, and an extending shaft of the motor is a sun gear of a first stage of the gear box 8; the upper end of the gear box frame 6 is connected with the gear box 8 through a bolt so as to bear the weight of the driving part 4, and the lower end of the gear box frame is connected with the guide rail 5; the slider portion 51 of the guide rail 5 is connected to the gear housing 6 so that the driving portion 4 as a whole can linearly move forward and backward.

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention discloses a test bed, wherein 18 oil cylinders are circularly distributed on a bearing in the radial direction and the axial direction respectively, and each three oil cylinders form a group to apply loads, so that the loads with different sizes can be applied at different positions, stepless force conversion loading is realized, and the actual loading condition of a fan is truly simulated; the invention discloses an experiment table which is provided with two bearings at the same time, and the two bearings can be tested after a driving part is replaced, so that the cost and the time are greatly saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a wind power main shaft bearing test bed of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a wind power main shaft bearing test bed according to classification and separation;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a partially disassembled structure of a wind power main shaft bearing test bed of the invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a split structure of a loading frame of a wind power main shaft bearing test bed of the invention;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a part of a wind power main shaft bearing test bed of the invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an oil cylinder structure in the wind power main shaft bearing test bed of the invention;

FIG. 7 is one of the schematic structural diagrams of a tooling part in the wind power main shaft bearing test bed according to the present invention;

FIG. 8 is a second schematic structural view of a tooling part in the wind power main shaft bearing test bed according to the present invention;

FIG. 9 is a schematic structural diagram of a driving part in a wind power main shaft bearing test bed according to the present invention;

in the figure: 1. a loading frame; 2. an oil cylinder section; 3. a tooling part; 4. a drive section; 5. a guide rail; 51. a slider portion; 6. a gear case frame; 7. a drive motor; 8. a gear case; 81. an extension shaft of the gear box; 9. an end cap; 10. a main shaft; 11. a bearing seat; 12. a lower loading frame; 13. a radial cylinder; 14. loading a transition disc; 141. an oil cylinder lug seat; 15. an axial cylinder; 151. a cylinder rod; 16. an upper loading frame; 161. an oil cylinder placing hole; 17. a pitch bearing; 18. a main shaft bearing; 19. a taper sleeve; 20. and a nut.

Detailed Description

The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments, and all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without any inventive work based on the embodiments of the present invention belong to the scope of the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1-3, the present invention comprises a loading frame 1, an oil cylinder part 2, a tooling part 3 and a driving part 4.

The structural form, positional relationship and assembling relationship of the 4 parts will be described in detail with reference to fig. 4 to 9.

As shown in fig. 4, the loading frame 1 can also be called a base, which is a part for fixing the hydraulic cylinder and is the most important bearing part. To achieve the mounting of the bearing, the loading frame 1 can be opened and divided into two parts, an upper loading frame 16 and a lower loading frame 12.

The loading frame 1 is mainly subjected to radial and axial loads by the interaction force of the oil cylinder, however, the loading frame 1 is small in axial size and easy to deform, and therefore reinforcing ribs are arranged in the axial direction of the loading frame 1 to enhance the axial stress capacity of the loading frame 1. Meanwhile, a stretching transverse plate is arranged on the loading frame 1 for installing and fixing the bearing seat 16.

As shown in fig. 5 to 6, the cylinder section 2 is divided into 18

radial cylinders

13 and 18 axial cylinders 15. For installation convenience and material saving, the radial oil cylinder 13 and the axial oil cylinder 15 are flange oil cylinders which are arranged on the loading frame 1 through flanges and bolts. In order to fix the loading transition disc 14 from rotating with the pitch bearing 17, the rod of the axial cylinder 15 is fixed to the loading transition disc 14. In order to counteract the gravity of the loading transition disc 14, the cylinder rods of three cylinders arranged at the bottom of the loading frame 1 in the radial cylinder 13 cylinder group are abutted against the loading transition disc 14 at an initial position, and the rest radial cylinders 13 are all in non-contact with the loading transition disc 14 in an initial state.

As shown in fig. 7-8, the tooling part 3 includes a loading transition disc 14, a pitch bearing 17, a main shaft 10, a main shaft bearing 18, a taper sleeve 19, a nut 20 and a bearing seat 11. When the variable-pitch bearing 17 is installed, firstly, the outer ring of the variable-pitch bearing 17 is installed on the loading transition disc 14 through bolts, and then, the inner ring of the variable-pitch bearing 17 is installed on the main shaft 10. When the main shaft bearing 18 is installed, the inner ring of the bearing seat 11 is in interference fit with the outer ring of the main shaft bearing 18, then the bearing seat 11 is fixed on the loading frame 1, and at the moment, the side part of the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 is attached to the shaft shoulder of the main shaft 10. The shoulder is sized close to and smaller than the largest dimension of the inner race of the spindle bearing 18 so that axial forces are only transmitted to the inner race of the spindle bearing 18. In order to ensure that no relative sliding occurs between the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 and the main shaft 10 during driving, the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 is fixed on the main shaft 10 by a taper sleeve 19 and a nut 20. The tail of the main shaft 10 is provided with a spline groove and a threaded hole so as to facilitate the installation of the gear box 8 and the end cover 9.

As shown in fig. 9, the drive section 4 includes an end cover 9, a gear box 8, a drive motor 7, a gear box frame 6, and a guide rail 5. The gearbox 8 is a combination of two planetary gear gearboxes, the motor 7 and the two planetary gear gearboxes are integrated mechanisms, the shaft of the motor 7 is a sun gear of a first-stage planetary gear gearbox, and a planetary gear of the first-stage planetary gear gearbox is a sun gear of a second-stage planetary gear gearbox. The gear box 8 is connected with the main shaft 10 in a spline mode through an extending shaft of the gear box 8, and the end cover 9 is sleeved on the extending shaft of the gear box 8 and is tightly connected with the main shaft 10 through bolts. The upper end of the gear box frame 6 is connected to the gear box 8 by bolts, and bears the weight of the drive unit 3. In order not to interfere with assembly, the lower end of the gearbox housing 6 is connected with a guide rail 5. The slide block part of the guide rail 5 is connected with the gear box frame 6, so that the whole driving part 4 can do linear reciprocating motion, the driving part 4 is far away from the main body of the test bed during installation, and after the main body is installed, the driving part 4 is moved to the corresponding position of the main shaft 10 through the slide rail 5 to be installed in a matched mode.

As a possible implementation manner, when the test stand of this embodiment works, the loading transition disk 14 is fixedly connected with the outer ring of the pitch bearing 17, and when the pitch bearing 17 is connected with the loading transition disk 14, only the outer ring is in contact with the loading transition disk 17, and the inner ring does not have any contact, so that the inner ring can freely rotate. The force of the radial oil cylinder 13 and the axial oil cylinder 15 acts on the loading transition disc 14, and the loading transition disc 14 transmits the force to the outer ring of the variable pitch bearing 17 to realize the loading of the variable pitch bearing. The motor 7 drives the gear box 8, the gear box 8 drives the main shaft 10, and the main shaft 10 drives the inner ring of the variable pitch bearing 17 to rotate, so that the variable pitch bearing 17 is driven.

As a possible implementation manner, when the test bench of this embodiment works, the outer ring of the spindle bearing 18 and the inner ring of the bearing seat 11 are in interference fit together, the bearing seat 11 is fixed on the loading frame 1, and at this time, the side portion of the inner ring of the spindle bearing 18 is attached to the shoulder of the spindle 10. The inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 is tightly connected to the main shaft 10 by a taper sleeve 19 and a nut 20, so as to prevent sliding during driving. The force of the radial oil cylinder 13 and the axial oil cylinder 15 acts on the loading transition disc 14, and then is transmitted to the main shaft 10 through the variable pitch bearing 17. The spindle 10 transmits the force of the axial cylinder 15 to the inner ring of the spindle bearing 18 via the shoulder. The inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 is tightly connected with the main shaft 10, and the force of the radial oil cylinder 13 on the main shaft 10 is transmitted to the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18, so that the loading of the main shaft bearing 18 is realized. The motor 7 drives the gear box 8, the gear box 8 drives the main shaft 10, and the main shaft 10 drives the inner ring of the main shaft bearing 18 to rotate by friction force, so that the main shaft bearing 18 is driven.

When the bearing seat 11 and the main shaft bearing 18 are installed in an interference fit manner, the bearing seat 11 is heated first, and then the main shaft bearing 18 is placed in, so that the installation difficulty can be reduced.

The invention can truly simulate the bearing loading condition and can carry out experiments on two bearings, thereby having important significance for the development of wind power bearing technology in China.

The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that the preferred embodiments of the invention and described in the specification are only preferred embodiments of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention, and that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the novel spirit and scope of the invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. A wind power main shaft bearing test bed is characterized by comprising a loading frame (1), an oil cylinder part (2), a tool part (3) and a driving part (4); the oil cylinder part (2) is arranged on the tool part (3), the tool part (3) is arranged in the loading frame (1), and the driving part (4) is connected with the tool part (3); the loading frame (1) is divided into an upper loading frame (16) and a lower loading frame (12), and the upper loading frame (16) and the lower loading frame (12) are fixedly connected through bolts to form the complete loading frame (1); the loading frame (1) is provided with a mounting hole so that the oil cylinder part (2) can be fixed, and the oil cylinder part (2) penetrates through an oil cylinder placing hole (161) of the loading frame (1); the loading frame (1) is fixed on a foundation through bolts;

the oil cylinder part (2) is divided into 18 radial oil cylinders (13) and 18 axial oil cylinders (15); the radial oil cylinders (13) are circumferentially distributed and fixed on the radial circular ring surface of the loading frame (1); the axial oil cylinders (15) are distributed and fixed on the axial circular surface of the loading frame (1) in a circular ring shape;

the tool part (3) comprises a loading transition disc (14), a variable pitch bearing (17), a main shaft (10), a main shaft bearing (18), a taper sleeve (19), a nut (20) and a bearing seat (11); cylinder rods of three oil cylinders distributed at the lower part of the loading frame (1) in the radial oil cylinder (13) group prop against the loading transition disc (14) at initial positions so as to counteract partial gravity of the tool part (3); the loading transition disc (14) is circumferentially provided with an oil cylinder lug seat (141) in the axial direction and used for mounting a cylinder rod (151) of the axial oil cylinder (15); the outer ring of the variable-pitch bearing (17) and the loading transition disc (14) are connected into a whole through a mounting hole of the outer ring of the variable-pitch bearing (17) and a mounting hole on the loading transition disc (14); the inner ring of the variable-pitch bearing (17) and the main shaft (10) are connected with a mounting hole on the main shaft (10) through a mounting hole on the inner ring of the variable-pitch bearing (17) to form a whole; the side part of the inner ring of the main shaft bearing (18) is attached to the shaft shoulder of the main shaft (10) and used for transmitting axial force; the inner ring of the main shaft bearing (18) is fixed on the main shaft (10) through a taper sleeve (19) and a nut (20), so that the relative sliding between the inner ring of the main shaft bearing (18) and the main shaft (10) is avoided during driving; the outer ring of the main shaft bearing (18) is in interference fit with the bearing seat (11), and the bearing seat (11) is fixed on the loading frame (1) through bolts; when the test bed runs, the inner ring of the variable pitch bearing (17), the main shaft (10) and the inner ring of the main shaft bearing (18) rotate, and the rest part of the tooling part (3) is fixed;

the driving part (4) comprises an end cover (9), a gear box (8), a driving motor (7), a gear box frame (6) and a guide rail (5); the gear box (8) is connected with the main shaft (10) in a spline mode through a gear box extension shaft (81); the end cover (9) is sleeved on the gear box extension shaft (81) and is tightly connected with the main shaft (10) through a bolt; the gear box (8) is a combination box of two planetary gear boxes; the motor (7) and the gear box (8) are integrated mechanisms, and an extending shaft of the motor is a sun gear of a first stage of the gear box (8); the upper end of the gear box frame (6) is connected with the gear box (8) through a bolt so as to bear the weight of the driving part (4), and the lower end of the gear box frame is connected with the guide rail (5); the sliding block part (51) of the guide rail (5) is connected with the gear box frame (6) so that the whole driving part (4) can linearly move forwards and backwards.