CN103624410B - The welding method of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure - Google Patents
The welding method of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure Download PDFInfo
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- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 171
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- 230000011218 segmentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000003032 molecular docking Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000002146 bilateral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 17
- 241001503485 Mammuthus Species 0.000 description 14
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009435 building construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009931 harmful effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K31/00—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K31/02—Processes relevant to this subclass, specially adapted for particular articles or purposes, but not covered by only one of the preceding main groups relating to soldering or welding
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Abstract
The invention discloses the welding method of a kind of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, belong to field of steel structure construction, including: obtain the size of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, according to size, abnormal shape Multicarity steel megastructure is segmented into multistage assembly unit；Structure according to each section of assembled unit after segmentation, it is determined that welding sequence；By the welding sequence determined, each section of assembled unit is welded；In welding, the welding line structure according to the two sections of assembled unit docking docked adopts corresponding mode to carry out soldering.The method determines rational weld length by segmentation, is prevented effectively from weld seam concentrations and causes welding deformation big, the situation that welding stress is concentrated, and accomplishes at utmost to reduce welding engineering amount in cavity；Segmentation can assist in rational weld seam form, reduces the injury that operator are caused by the operations such as the welding of steel construction inside cavity, back chipping so that construct safer；Reduce deformation and the residual stress of welding, save the time of postwelding correction, reduce Weld Seam Repairation rate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to steel building construction field, particularly relate to the welding method of a kind of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure.
Background technology
Compared with normal steel structure or conventional casing welding for steel structure, special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure solder technology can control the uneven distribution of welding heat, thus reducing welding deformation and the residual stress of component.But the zone of reasonableness for welding deformation and residual stress is also difficult to accurately control, and how welding special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure is a problem needing to solve.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to provide the welding method of a kind of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, it is possible to solving special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure can not by the problem of common casing welding for steel structure.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention provides the welding method of a kind of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, including:
Obtain the size of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, according to described size, abnormal shape Multicarity steel megastructure is segmented into multistage assembly unit；
Structure according to each section of assembled unit after segmentation, it is determined that welding sequence；
By the welding sequence determined, each section of assembled unit is welded；
In welding, the welding line structure according to the two sections of assembled unit docking docked adopts corresponding mode to carry out soldering.
The invention have the benefit that the method is by may determine that rational weld length to special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure segmentation, weld seam concentrations is effectively avoided to cause welding deformation big, the situation that welding stress is concentrated, and accomplish farthest to reduce welding engineering amount in cavity；And segmentation can assist in rational weld seam form, the injury that operator are caused by the operations such as the welding of steel construction inside cavity, back chipping can be reduced greatly so that construct safer；It is determined by welding sequence to determine and corresponding welding manner reduces deformation and the residual stress of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure welding, saves the time of postwelding correction, reduce Weld Seam Repairation rate.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the technical scheme of the embodiment of the present invention, below the accompanying drawing used required during embodiment is described is briefly described, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawings according to these accompanying drawings.
The welding method flow chart that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The schematic diagram of the special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure segmentation merogenesis that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
First segment element structure schematic diagram after the special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure segmentation that Fig. 3 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Second section element structure schematic diagram after the special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure segmentation that Fig. 4 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Section of three element structure schematic diagram after the special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure segmentation that Fig. 5 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Section of four element structure schematic diagram after the special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure segmentation that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Section of five element structure schematic diagram after the special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure segmentation that Fig. 7 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
Section of six element structure schematic diagram after the special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure segmentation that Fig. 8 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The schematic diagram of horizontal weld groove in the method that Fig. 9 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The schematic diagram of the method neutrality weld groove that Figure 10 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The welding schematic diagram in the first western font cross section that Figure 11 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The welding schematic diagram in the western font cross section of the second that Figure 12 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The welding schematic diagram in the font cross section on the firstth that Figure 13 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The welding schematic diagram in the second day font cross section that Figure 14 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The welding schematic diagram of the first double; two triangle section that Figure 15 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The welding schematic diagram of the double; two triangle section of the second that Figure 16 provides for the embodiment of the present invention；
The welding schematic diagram of the third pair of triangle section that Figure 17 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on embodiments of the invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides the welding method of a kind of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, as it is shown in figure 1, the method includes:
Obtain the size of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, according to described size, abnormal shape Multicarity steel megastructure is segmented into multistage assembly unit；
Structure according to each section of assembled unit after segmentation, it is determined that welding sequence；
By the welding sequence determined, each section of assembled unit is welded；
In welding, the welding line structure according to the two sections of assembled unit docking docked adopts corresponding mode to carry out soldering.
In said method, obtain the size (can according to the design parameter of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure and design structure diagram) of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, according to described size, abnormal shape Multicarity steel megastructure is segmented into multistage assembly unit and includes:
Size according to described special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, is divided into multi-section structure component by described special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure short transverse；
Described often joint element structure is divided into multistage assembly unit from length direction；The fragment bit of adjacent two assembled unit is put and is arranged on the casing that volume is bigger, and the butt weld of the adjacent two sections of assembled unit separated is not point-blank.
In said method, the bevel for welding in welding all chooses the form of V-butt reverse side liner.Specifically can adopt gap is 10mm, and bevel angle is 35 degree of V-butts, and horizontal position welding seam can adopt single bevel groove, and cross joint can adopt bilateral V-butt.
Structure in said method, according to each section of assembled unit after segmentation, it is determined that welding sequence is:
According to by the assembled unit at center to the order of the assembled unit extensions of surrounding as welding sequence.
In said method, adopt corresponding mode to carry out soldering according to the welding line structure of two sections of assembled unit docking of docking and include:
On same assembled unit during welding, first carry out the welding of cross joint, after carry out the welding of horizontal position welding seam.
In said method, during welding,
Weld seam synchronous welding to same cross section；
The position of the weld seam simultaneously welded is kept symmetry with welding direction；
When welding step by step, first weld the weld seam that length is longer, loading is bigger, weld the weld seam that length is shorter, loading is shorter afterwards.
In said method, during welding,
Peripheral weld seam is first symmetrically welded by the welding employing in western font cross section along clockwise direction, then the weld seam of inside will be welded simultaneously；
The welding in day font cross section is adopted the three long weld seams in road being simultaneously symmetrically welded length direction；
After the three long weld seams in road have welded, it is symmetrically welded the four short weld seams in road of width simultaneously.
The welding of double; two triangle sections is adopted three steps welding, is first symmetrically welded four road weld seams of periphery, then weld three road weld seams of inside cavity, the short weld seam of last weld seam cavity both sides.
In said method, if every weld seam length is more than 1.5 meters, then being welded by many people, everyone weld length is 1.5 meters.
Below the embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.
In welding method of the present invention, the special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure of welding has the features such as planar dimension is big, casing quantity is many, profile is irregular, there is the situation of a plurality of crisscross weld seam in same cross section, inevitably there will be the situation that personnel weld in inside cavity simultaneously, for reducing welding deformation and the residual stress of component, improving weld seam welding quality, taking rational segmented version and welding procedure is the key of solution problem.This abnormal shape Multicarity steel megastructure welding method rationally selects groove type, welding sequence, not only contributes to reduce welding deformation and residual stress, is more conducive to improve welding first-time qualification rate, and minimizing is reprocessed, and wins plenty of time for construction.
(1) first, special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure is carried out segmentation:
Owing to special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure planar dimension, weight are bigger, limited by conditions such as transport, liftings, component inevitably needs to carry out segmentation merogenesis in manufacturing process, Multicarity mammoth structure (see Fig. 2) height 19.25 meters of example, weight about 1800 tons, plane full-size 24 meters * 22.5 meters, maximum secting area 180 square metres, it is divided into 26 Cavity units.By to element structure analysis, being classified as 6 joints at altitude range, every feast-brand mark height is basically identical, maximum merogenesis height 3.8 meters, minimum merogenesis height 2 meters.Structural section gradually tapers up reduction, as shown in Figures 3 to 8, first segment plane is divided into 9 unit, and two, three joints are divided into 8 unit, and four, five joints are divided into 6 unit, and six joints are divided into 4 unit.Amount to 41 assembled unit.
Special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure segmentation merogenesis holds two principles, (1) for guarantee personnel Welding Safety in casing, segmentation position is as far as possible at bigger casing, and (two), for reducing the deformation of member and residual stress, member segments weld seam is not as far as possible at straight line.
(1.2) the choosing of special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure bevel for welding:
The special-shaped most thickness of slab of Multicarity mammoth structure is thicker, and welding capacity is big.If for the consideration controlling ultra-thick plate Welding Angular Deformation, bevel for welding should choose the double groove form such as X-shaped and K shape.But double groove welding procedure is complex, it is necessary to the operations such as back root cleaning.When especially numerous at huge box house cavity and narrow space, the operation such as the welding of inside cavity, back chipping is relatively big to operator's injury, dangerous relatively larger.So for the consideration of construction safety, analyzing after deliberation, bevel for welding all chooses the form of one side V-butt reverse side liner, saves the operations such as back chipping.And groove is offered in the cavity that aspect is tried one's best outside cavity or space is bigger, in order to the operation of personnel.Wherein, the structure of horizontal weld groove as it is shown in figure 9, the structure of cross joint groove as shown in Figure 10, exemplary construction bevel for welding selects V-butt, gap 10mm, bevel angle 35 degree.Horizontal position welding seam is single bevel groove, and cross joint is bilateral V-butt.
(1.3) special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure integral solder order:
Special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure welding, overall welding is in accordance with by the center cell order to surrounding unit extensions.First the unit of nucleus is welded, it is ensured that the installation accuracy of nucleus, it is to avoid the precision of core cell is produced impact by peripheral unit welding process, as shown in Figure 11 to Figure 15.
For the welding of single assembled unit, should first carry out the vertical position welding of unit, then carry out the horizontal position welding of unit.The analysis of causes is as follows:
(1.3.1) welding residual stress is less.
For Multicarity unit, the length of cross joint is far smaller than horizontal position welding seam with welding loading.So the effect of contraction of cross joint is far smaller than horizontal position welding seam.If first carrying out the welding of horizontal position welding seam, then component can be produced very big effect of contraction, bigger welding residual stress can be produced owing to component retrains excessive at welded seam area in next step welding.So the welding of vertical position welding first should be carried out.
(1.3.2) Member Welding deformation is less.
When Multicarity unit horizontal position welding seam is crisscross, in the process of horizontal position welding, component very easily produces the torsional deflection in plane due to the factor such as uneven of being heated, and next step welding of component and installation accuracy can be caused very big harmful effect after producing by this torsional deflection.So first carrying out the vertical position welding of component, component is retrained at the torsional freedom of level.At this moment carrying out horizontal position welding again, the precision of component can be ensured preferably.
(1.4) special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure typical unit welding sequence:
After special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure segmentation, each cell configuration is different, it is necessary to formulate welding sequence according to different unit forms.The basic goal of the formulation of block welding sequence and technique is welding deformation and the welding residual stress of control member, and the welding deformation of component entirety mostly is what component heat skewness in welding process caused with residual stress.So, formulating of block welding sequence needs to follow the principle as far as possible making uniform heat distribution.
To sum up, the principle formulating block welding sequence is as follows:
(1.4.1) weld seam in same cross section welds as far as possible simultaneously.
The weld seam in same cross section synchronizes to weld as far as possible simultaneously, and nonsynchronous welding can cause component to be deformed with the heat inequality in cross section.
(1.4.2) position of the weld seam simultaneously welded ensures symmetry principle with welding direction as far as possible.
Being symmetrically welded the intensification that can make component in welding process is all symmetrically and evenly with cooling, and the contraction of component is also symmetrically and evenly, thus the bulk deformation of good control member.
(1.4.3), when welding step by step, first weld the weld seam that length is longer, loading is bigger, weld the weld seam that length is shorter, loading is shorter afterwards.
(1.4.4) welding in " west " font cross section:
First 9 peripheral weld seams are symmetrically welded, weld seam total length 13.3 meters by western font cross section totally 13 weld seams along clockwise direction；Again 4 internal weld seams are welded simultaneously, weld seam total length 5.3 meters.
Because cavity space is narrow and small, weld if inside and outside, then the temperature of inside cavity can up to 50～60 degree, and personnel cannot operate simultaneously.So for security consideration, the weld seam inside and outside cavity must separately weld.And the length of the weld seam of cavity periphery and loading are all relatively big, so first welding peripheral welds.
As shown in Figure 11,12, wherein, the fusion length 11.48m of " west " font cross section weld seam of the first structure, welder's number 9 people, welding sequence is as shown in figure 11 for " west " font cross section weld seam order；The fusion length 5.28m of " west " font cross section weld seam of the second structure, welder's number 4 people, welding sequence is as shown in figure 12.
(1.4.5) welding in " day " font cross section:
Day font cross section totally 7 weld seams, are symmetrically welded the three long weld seams in road of length direction, weld seam total length 12 meters first simultaneously；It is symmetrically welded the four short weld seams in road of width, weld seam total length 7.3 meters more simultaneously.
The weld seam of length direction is longer, reaches 4.5 meters.For preventing owing to weld length is long, causing weld seam ending temperature uneven, welding residual stress is difficult to discharge.The length weld seam more than 2 meters needs to carry out the welding of many people multistage.The welding length of every welder is not preferably greater than 1.5 meters.
Weld seam order in " day " font cross section is such as Figure 13, shown in 14, and wherein, the fusion length 11.92m of " day " font cross section weld seam of the first structure, welder's number 8 people, welding sequence is as shown in figure 13；The fusion length 5.28m of " day " font cross section weld seam of the second structure, welder's number 4 people, as shown in figure 14.
(1.4.6) welding of double; two triangle sections:
Double; two triangle sections are totally 9 road weld seam, are divided into three step welding: be first symmetrically welded four road weld seams of periphery, weld seam total length 13.1 meters；Weld three road weld seams of inside cavity, weld seam total length 5.6 meters again；The short weld seam of last weld seam cavity both sides, weld seam total length about 1.6 meters.
When inside cavity dividing plate transverse and longitudinal is interlocked, personnel are in welding process, and welding while that the dividing plate of surrounding being tried not, in order to avoid causing the discomfort of operator owing to ambient temperature is too high.
Double; two triangle section weld seams order is as shown in Figure 15,16,17, and wherein, the fusion length 13.1m of double; two triangle section weld seams of the first structure, welder's number 9 people, welding sequence is as shown in figure 15；The fusion length 5.56m of double; two triangle section weld seams of the second structure, welder's number 3 people, welding sequence is as shown in figure 16；The fusion length 1.6m of double; two triangle section weld seams of the third structure, welder's number 2 people, welding sequence is as shown in figure 17.
Having the beneficial effect that of the welding method of the present invention:
(1) by reasonably structure being carried out segmentation, weld seam concentrations is effectively avoided to cause welding deformation big, the situation that welding stress is concentrated, and accomplish farthest to reduce welding engineering amount in cavity；
(2) rational weld seam form, greatly reduces the injury that operator are caused by the operations such as the welding of inside cavity, back chipping so that construct safer；
(3) the choosing of welding sequence and welding procedure, effective reduces welding deformation and residual stress, saves the time of postwelding correction；
In a word, special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure solder technology is probed into and has great help for control welding deformation and residual stress, improve welding first-time qualification rate simultaneously, decrease postwelding and reprocess the input of human and material resources, save working measure expense, also save the time for integral construction.
In high-rise and Super High are constructed, increasing structure adopts special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure, it is one of quality management important indicator for the control of deformation and residual stress in welding for steel structure process, this welding method is probed into for the feature of special-shaped Multicarity mammoth structure, welding quality can be effectively raised, again can substantial amounts of minimizing is artificial and the input of material, there is good promotion prospect.
The above; being only the present invention preferably detailed description of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, any those familiar with the art is in the technical scope of present disclosure; the change that can readily occur in or replacement, all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.Therefore, protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the protection domain of claims.
Claims (8)
1. the welding method of a special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, it is characterised in that including:
Obtain the size of special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, according to described size, abnormal shape Multicarity steel megastructure is segmented into multistage assembly unit；
Structure according to each section of assembled unit after segmentation, it is determined that welding sequence；
By the welding sequence determined, each section of assembled unit is welded；
In welding, the welding line structure according to the two sections of assembled unit docking docked adopts corresponding mode to carry out soldering；
During described welding, the weld seam synchronous welding to same cross section；The position of the weld seam simultaneously welded is kept symmetry with welding direction；
When welding step by step, first weld the weld seam that length is longer, loading is bigger, weld the weld seam that length is shorter, loading is shorter afterwards.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the size of described acquisition abnormal shape Multicarity steel megastructure, according to described size, is segmented into multistage assembly unit by abnormal shape Multicarity steel megastructure and includes:
Size according to described special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure, is divided into multi-section structure component by described special-shaped Multicarity steel megastructure short transverse；
From length direction, it is divided into multistage assembly unit by often saving element structure；The fragment bit of adjacent two assembled unit is put and is arranged on the casing that volume is bigger, and the butt weld of the adjacent two sections of assembled unit separated is not point-blank.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the bevel for welding in described welding all chooses the form of V-butt reverse side liner.
4. method according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the gap of described V-butt is 10mm, bevel angle is 35 degree；Horizontal position welding seam adopts single bevel groove, and cross joint adopts bilateral V-butt.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described structure according to each section of assembled unit after segmentation, it is determined that welding sequence is:
According to by the assembled unit at center to the order of the assembled unit extensions of surrounding as welding sequence.
6. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the described mode corresponding according to the welding line structure employing of two sections of assembled unit docking of docking carries out soldering and include:
On same assembled unit during welding, first carry out the welding of cross joint, after carry out the welding of horizontal position welding seam.
7. method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that during described welding,
Peripheral weld seam is first symmetrically welded by the welding employing in western font cross section along clockwise direction, then welds the weld seam of inside simultaneously；
The welding in day font cross section is adopted the three long weld seams in road being simultaneously symmetrically welded length direction；
After the three long weld seams in road have welded, it is symmetrically welded the four short weld seams in road of width simultaneously；
The welding of double; two triangle sections is adopted three steps welding, is first symmetrically welded four road weld seams of periphery, then weld three road weld seams of inside cavity, finally weld the short weld seam of cavity both sides.
8. method according to claim 7, it is characterised in that if every weld seam length is more than 1.5 meters, then being welded by many people, everyone weld length is 1.5 meters.
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