CN103623771B - A kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and preparation method thereof and using method - Google Patents
A kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and preparation method thereof and using method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and preparation method thereof and using method, with the material of high-ratio surface sum large pore volume for adsorbing agent carrier, immersed in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber, using organic acid, organic amine, sulfhydryl compound or polyalcohol etc. as reactant part, reacted by metal ion and sulphur and selenium precursor, generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on carrier surface, being prepared into the mercury-removing adsorbent with high-adsorption-capacity.Mercury-removing adsorbent is made into filter course and carries out filtration treatment to containing the waste liquid of mercury ion, utilize the exchange of metal ion on material and mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury.The mercury that this mercury-removing adsorbent is suitable for relating to mercury industry waste water is removed and is reclaimed.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of waste water removal of mercury technology of field of environment protection, mainly on the material of high-ratio surface sum pore volume, directly synthesize loaded metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber, prepare the mercury-removing adsorbent of high-adsorption-capacity.Utilize the exchange of metal ion on adsorbent and waste liquid mercury ion in use procedure, be adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury.
Background technology
Research shows, mercury has become global pollutant, causes obvious harm to human health and environment.For this reason, 2013 national through negotiating for many years in more than 140, the United Nations, finally have passed one legally binding " international control mercury pollution pact ", will monitor and limit the production and trade of mercurous product in the world, control simultaneously and reduce the discharge of mercury.Along with industrial development, mercury is obtained in many industries and applies widely, if the industries such as medicine equipment manufacturing industry, electric equipment manufacturing industry, chemicals manufacturing industry, press are all at use mercury or mercurous product, also creates a large amount of mercury contaminants thus.Mostly discharge with forms such as flue gas, waste water or solid wastes in the mercury contaminants that contains used and produce in production process.Wherein, the main stream approach for flue gas demercuration adopts gas mercury morphology control, and the nonvalent mercury in flue gas is converted into bivalent mercury, then by wet scrubbing system, bivalent mercury absorbed removal.Although the mercury in flue gas effectively can be removed like this, a large amount of mercury-containing waste water can be produced equally.And many mercury-containing waste waters can be produced equally in fixed-end forces process.If these mercury-containing waste waters do not add process just directly discharge, severe contamination must be caused to environment.
The current process for mercury-containing waste water generally relies on to be added active carbon and is adsorbed, or adds chemical reagent and mercury and react and generate the lower mercuric sulphide of toxicity, or use chelating agent is by the mercury solidification etc. in waste water.As patent CN96108886.9 discloses the method for the mercury and mercuric compounds in the active carbon removal liquid hydrocarbon of a kind of carrying alkali metal or alkaline earth sulfide; Patent CN201110042926.3 discloses one and adds vulcanizing agent and composite assistant makes Hg in waste water
2+change the method for HgS particle precipitation into.But these adsorbents, chemical reagent reaction speed are comparatively slow, and also cost is higher.Mercury simultaneously in waste water is finally abandoned with the form of solid waste, cannot accomplish to recycle.This both may cause secondary pollution due to the release of mercury in solid waste, can cause again the waste of mercury resource.Therefore, for the process of mercury-containing waste water, both should consider efficiently to remove the mercury in waste water or mercury compound, and can consider again to utilize the Resource recoveryization of Mercury in Wastewater.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention be exactly in order to overcome above-mentioned prior art exist defect and a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and preparation method thereof and using method are provided.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent, it is characterized in that, this adsorbent is that adsorbing agent carrier to impregnated in metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber reaction precursor liquid solution reaction to carry out reaction obtained, and wherein the load capacity of nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier is 1 ~ 50wt%.
Described adsorbing agent carrier is have large specific area and the material of pore volume, comprises aluminium oxide, diatomite, molecular sieve, attapulgite, zeolite or active carbon etc.
A preparation method for waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, choose adsorbing agent carrier;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of second step, configuration metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber;
3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber, reaction temperature is regulated to be 30 ~ 100 DEG C, make adsorbing agent carrier and reaction precursor body fluid mixing 1-3 hour, utilize the reaction of precursors to generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on the surface of adsorbing agent carrier;
4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier to be separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and dry under being positioned over room temperature, obtain mercury-removing adsorbent.
The reaction precursor liquid solution of described metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber is the formulated mixed liquor of metal reaction precursor, sulphur or selenium reacting precursor and organic ligand, in this mixed liquor, the concentration of metal reaction precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, the concentration of sulphur or selenium reacting precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, and the concentration of organic ligand is 0.1-10.0mol/L.
Described metal reaction precursor comprises zinc, iron, aluminium, titanium, manganese, the slaine of calcium or metal oxide; Described sulphur or selenium reacting precursor comprise sulphur, selenium simple substance or compound; Described organic ligand comprises organic amine, sulfhydryl compound or organic acid.
The water solution system of described reaction precursor liquid solution to be organic solution system or pH value range be 2-14.
The temperature of the drying described in step (4) is 15 ~ 30 DEG C, is calcined by dried adsorbing agent carrier, form stable mercury-removing adsorbent at 100-250 DEG C.
A kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent is removed and the using method of mercury in Recycling of waste liquid, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: the mercury-removing adsorbent prepared is made into filter course and carries out filtration treatment to the waste liquid containing mercury ion by a., utilize the exchange of metal ion on material and mercury ion, mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury; B. when the mercury content on mercury-removing adsorbent reaches certain value, namely mercury-removing adsorbent filter course is changed, and the mercury on adsorbent is carried out desorb and recovery.
The described waste liquid containing mercury ion is with the filter course of the flow velocity of 0.05-0.5m/s by being made up of mercury-removing adsorbent, and the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 10-120s; When in the waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, namely need to change mercury-removing adsorbent filter course, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 600-800 DEG C of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbed condensation at subzero 20-50 DEG C temperature is reclaimed.
The present invention with the material of high-ratio surface sum large pore volume for adsorbing agent carrier, immersed in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal sulfide, metal selenide nano adsorber, using organic acid, organic amine, sulfhydryl compound etc. as reactant part, the sulphur decomposited by metal ion and presoma, selenium are reacted, generate metal sulfide, selenides nano adsorber be deposited on immunosorbent support surface, be prepared into the mercury-removing adsorbent with high-adsorption-capacity.During use, only need adsorbent directly to immerse to be rich in the waste liquid of mercury ion, utilize the exchange of metal ion on adsorbent and mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the waste liquid removal of mercury.When the mercury adsorption capacity of adsorbent is close to time saturated, by concentrating the process such as high temperature, chilling, the mercury wherein adsorbed can be reclaimed, thus realizes the Resource recovery to mercury.This mercury-removing adsorbent is suitable for the removal and the recovery that relate to mercury industry waste water mercury.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantages:
1, the present invention utilizes the low-cost material of the abundance such as aluminium oxide as carrier, and directly synthesize coated metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber thereon, preparation cost is very cheap;
2, the adsorbent by being enriched high concentration mercury can focus on, and is realized the Resource recovery of mercury by the method for desorption under high temperature and cryogenic condensation.
3, the metal ion itself entered in liquid phase by ion-exchange in use procedure of the present invention is nontoxic, can not cause secondary pollution;
4, using method of the present invention is very convenient, only needs mercury-removing adsorbent to be made filter course and carries out filtration treatment to mercurous waste liquid, gets final product the ionic mercury in efficient adsorption liquid phase.
5, the present invention is applicable to the mercurous waste liquid removal and the recycling that relate to mercury industry.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Below embodiments of the invention are described in detail: the present embodiment is implemented under with technical solution of the present invention prerequisite, give detailed embodiment and specific operation process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.In the present invention program in implementation process, emphasis is to realize bivalent mercury efficient adsorption for target.
Embodiment 1
Taking 10g particle diameter is that 0.25mm activated alumina is for subsequent use as adsorbing agent carrier, configuration 100ml zinc sulfide nano sorbent reactions precursor solution (zinc chloride 0.5mol/L, thiocarbamide 2mol/L, mercaptopropionic acid 1.5mol/L).10g activated alumina is immersed in nano adsorber reacting precursor solution, at temperature is 95 DEG C, with the rotating speed of 100 revs/min, stirring reaction 1 hour.By isolated by filtration out, under 25 degree of room temperatures, drying 5 hours, obtains zinc sulfide nano mercury-removing adsorbent to activated alumina load being had zinc sulphide.Through detecting, on activated alumina, the load capacity of nano adsorber is about 32%.Mercury-removing adsorbent specific area is about 367m
2/ g.
Embodiment 2
Taking 10g particle diameter is that the molecular sieve of 0.25mm is for subsequent use as adsorbing agent carrier, configuration 100ml ferrous sulfide nano adsorber precursor solution (frerrous chloride 1mol/L, oleic acid 3mol/L, sulphur simple substance 3mol/L, octadecylene 100ml).10g molecular sieve is immersed in 100ml ferrous sulfide nano adsorber precursor solution, when temperature is 250 degrees Celsius, with the rotating speed stirring reaction 1 hour of 500 revs/min.The molecular sieve of ferrous sulfide load is had to be separated by filtration washing, drying 5 hours under 25 degree of room temperatures, obtained ferrous sulfide mercury-removing adsorbent.Through detecting, on molecular sieve, the load capacity of nano adsorber is about 45%.Mercury-removing adsorbent specific area is 483m
2/ g.
Embodiment 3
0.1g placement 50mL concentration got by zinc sulfide nano adsorbent embodiment 1 prepared is in the mercuric chloride solution of 200mg/L, and stirs with the speed of 400 revs/min.After 5 minutes, by solution by filtration treatment, detect filtrate, result shows that in solution, the removal efficiency of mercury is greater than 99.9%, and remaining ion concentration of mercury is less than 1 μ g/L.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and a using method, comprise the following steps:
The first step, choose there is large specific area and pore volume diatomite as adsorbing agent carrier;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of second step, configuration metal selenide nano adsorber: aluminium chloride 0.1mol/L, selenium simple substance 0.1mol/L, organic amine methylamine 0.1mol/L, reaction precursor liquid solution is aluminium chloride, selenium simple substance and methylamine are dissolved in the organic solution system that ethanol is formed.
3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal selenide nano adsorber, reaction temperature is regulated to be 30 DEG C, make adsorbing agent carrier mix 3 hours with reaction precursor body fluid, utilize the reaction of precursors to generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on the surface of adsorbing agent carrier;
4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier to be separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and dry under being positioned over 15 DEG C of room temperatures, obtain mercury-removing adsorbent.Wherein the load capacity of nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier is 1wt%;
5th step, dried adsorbing agent carrier is carried out low temperature calcination, form stable mercury-removing adsorbent;
6th step, the mercury-removing adsorbent prepared is made into filter course and carries out filtration treatment to the waste liquid containing mercury ion, containing the waste liquid of mercury ion with the filter course of the flow velocity of 0.1m/s by being made up of mercury-removing adsorbent, the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 60s; Utilize the exchange of metal ion on material and mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury;
7th step, reach the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value when mercury content in the waste liquid after filtering, namely need to change mercury-removing adsorbent filter course, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 600-800 DEG C of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbed condensation at subzero 20-50 DEG C temperature is reclaimed.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and a using method, comprise the following steps:
The first step, choose there is large specific area and pore volume active carbon as adsorbing agent carrier;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of second step, configuration metal selenide nano adsorber: titanium chloride 10.0mol/L, selenium simple substance 10.0mol/L, organic acid sulfonic acid 10.0mol/L, reaction precursor liquid solution to be organic solution system or pH value range be 14 water solution system.
3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal selenide nano adsorber, reaction temperature is regulated to be 100 DEG C, make adsorbing agent carrier mix 3 hours with reaction precursor body fluid, utilize the reaction of precursors to generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on the surface of adsorbing agent carrier;
4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier to be separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and dry under being positioned over 30 DEG C of room temperatures, obtain mercury-removing adsorbent.Wherein the load capacity of nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier is 50wt%;
5th step, dried adsorbing agent carrier is carried out low temperature calcination, form stable mercury-removing adsorbent;
6th step, the mercury-removing adsorbent prepared is made into filter course and carries out filtration treatment to the waste liquid containing mercury ion, containing the waste liquid of mercury ion with the filter course of the flow velocity of 0.5m/s by being made up of mercury-removing adsorbent, the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 60s; Utilize the exchange of metal ion on material and mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury;
7th step, reach the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value when mercury content in the waste liquid after filtering, namely need to change mercury-removing adsorbent filter course, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 600-800 DEG C of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbed condensation at subzero 20-50 DEG C temperature is reclaimed.
Claims (7)
1. a waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent, it is characterized in that, it is obtained that this adsorbent is that adsorbing agent carrier to impregnated in metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber reaction precursor liquid solution reaction, and wherein the load capacity of nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier is 1 ~ 50wt%;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of described metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber is the formulated mixed liquor of metal reaction precursor, sulphur or selenium reacting precursor and organic ligand, in this mixed liquor, the concentration of metal reaction precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, the concentration of sulphur or selenium reacting precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, and the concentration of organic ligand is 0.1-10.0mol/L;
Described metal reaction precursor comprises zinc, iron, aluminium, titanium, manganese, the slaine of calcium or metal oxide; Described sulphur or selenium reacting precursor comprise sulphur, selenium simple substance or compound; Described organic ligand comprises polyalcohol, organic amine, sulfhydryl compound or organic acid.
2. a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described adsorbing agent carrier is have large specific area and the material of pore volume, comprises aluminium oxide, diatomite, molecular sieve, attapulgite, zeolite or active carbon.
3. a preparation method for waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
The first step, choose adsorbing agent carrier;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of second step, configuration metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber;
3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber, reaction temperature is regulated to be 30 ~ 100 DEG C, make adsorbing agent carrier and reaction precursor body fluid mixing 1-3 hour, utilize the reaction of precursors to generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on the surface of adsorbing agent carrier;
4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier to be separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and dry under being positioned over room temperature, obtain mercury-removing adsorbent;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of described metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber is the formulated mixed liquor of metal reaction precursor, sulphur or selenium reacting precursor and organic ligand, in this mixed liquor, the concentration of metal reaction precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, the concentration of sulphur or selenium reacting precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, and the concentration of organic ligand is 0.1-10.0mol/L;
Described metal reaction precursor comprises zinc, iron, aluminium, titanium, manganese, the slaine of calcium or metal oxide; Described sulphur or selenium reacting precursor comprise sulphur, selenium simple substance or compound; Described organic ligand comprises polyalcohol, organic amine, sulfhydryl compound or organic acid.
4. the preparation method of a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the water solution system of described reaction precursor liquid solution to be organic solution system or pH value range be 2-14.
5. the preparation method of a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 3, is characterized in that, the temperature of the drying described in the 4th step is 15 ~ 30 DEG C, is calcined by dried adsorbing agent carrier, form stable mercury-removing adsorbent at 100-250 DEG C.
6. a waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent as claimed in claim 1 is removed and the using method of mercury in Recycling of waste liquid, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: the mercury-removing adsorbent prepared is made into filter course and carries out filtration treatment to the waste liquid containing mercury ion by a., utilize the exchange of metal ion on material and mercury ion, mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury; B. when the mercury content on mercury-removing adsorbent reaches certain value, namely mercury-removing adsorbent filter course is changed, and the mercury on adsorbent is carried out desorb and recovery.
7. the using method of a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the described waste liquid containing mercury ion is with the filter course of the flow velocity of 0.05-0.5m/s by being made up of mercury-removing adsorbent, and the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 10-120s; When in the waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, namely need to change mercury-removing adsorbent filter course, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 600-800 DEG C of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbed condensation at subzero 20-50 DEG C temperature is reclaimed.
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