CN109772274B - Mercury-containing wastewater treatment method - Google Patents
Mercury-containing wastewater treatment method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for treating mercury-containing wastewater. The method comprises the steps of putting an adsorption material into mercury-containing wastewater, stirring for more than 6 hours to achieve treatment of the mercury-containing wastewater, and preparing the adsorption material through the following steps of performing ultrasonic treatment on ZIF-67 and polyacrylic acid in N, N-dimethylformamide until the materials are completely dispersed, dissolving ferric salt, manganese salt, sodium selenate and urea in the solution under the ultrasonic condition, performing ultrasonic treatment until the system is uniformly dispersed, performing hydrothermal reaction on the dispersion liquid, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a product A, dispersing the product A in DMF, adding N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and polyacrylamide solution into the dispersion liquid, performing stirring reaction at room temperature after ultrasonic dispersion to obtain the adsorption material. The method adopts the magnetic adsorption material with high selectivity, large adsorption capacity and environmental protection, can treat the low-concentration mercury-containing wastewater of 50-100 mg/L, has the highest adsorption efficiency of 98 percent, and can be recycled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for treating mercury-containing wastewater, in particular to a method for treating low-concentration mercury-containing wastewater, and belongs to the technical field of wastewater treatment.
Background
The mercury pollution of the water body of China faces various problems, and the mercury concentration of a plurality of drainage basins exceeds the standard. The pollution of waste water by harmful mercury metal is one of the important environmental problems faced by China at present. The treatment method of the mercury metal wastewater mainly comprises chemical precipitation, novel adsorbent adsorption, membrane separation, an electrochemical method, photocatalysis, biological flocculation and the like. Among them, the adsorption method is the most commonly used method for removing mercury metal ions in actual wastewater due to simple operation and high treatment efficiency.
The adsorption method has the advantages of mild operation conditions, wide application range, no introduction of new impurities, capability of performing advanced treatment on wastewater and the like, and is widely researched. At present, active carbon-based adsorbents are researched more and have a better adsorption effect, but due to the fact that actual water bodies contain more pollutants and the mercury concentration is not high, the active carbon has some defects in adsorption selectivity and adsorption depth.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for treating mercury-containing wastewater.
The technical scheme for realizing the purpose of the invention is as follows: a mercury adsorbent is prepared by performing ultrasonic treatment on a metal organic framework material ZIF-67 and polyacrylic acid in N, N-dimethylformamide until the materials are completely dispersed, sequentially dissolving ferric salt, manganese salt, sodium selenate and urea in the solution under the ultrasonic condition, performing ultrasonic treatment until the system is uniformly dispersed, performing hydrothermal reaction on the dispersion liquid at 120-200 ℃, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a product A, dispersing the product A in DMF, adding N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and polyacrylamide solution into the DMF, performing ultrasonic dispersion, and performing stirring reaction at room temperature to obtain the adsorption material.
Furthermore, the concentration of ZIF-67 in N, N-dimethylformamide is 2-5 g/L, and the mass ratio of ZIF-67 to polyacrylic acid to ferric salt is 1: 4-6: 5-6.
Further, the molar ratio of the ferric salt to the manganese salt to the sodium selenate to the urea is 2:1: 0.5-2: 8-12.
Furthermore, the time of the hydrothermal reaction is 10-15 h.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to the polyacrylamide is 5-20: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the polyacrylamide to the ZIF-67 is 0.5-1: 1.
The mercury adsorbent is applied to adsorbing metallic mercury in wastewater.
Furthermore, the mass concentration of the metallic mercury in the wastewater is not lower than 50 mg/L.
Furthermore, the mass concentration of the metallic mercury in the wastewater is not less than 100 mg/L.
Furthermore, the pH value of the wastewater is between 5 and 10.
Furthermore, the mass ratio of the mercury adsorbent to the wastewater is 0.05-0.5 g/100 ml.
Further, the time for the mercury adsorbent to adsorb the wastewater is 6 hours or more, preferably 10 hours or more.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
(1) according to the invention, a metal organic framework material ZIF-67 with a large specific surface area is taken as a carrier, a precipitation-hydrothermal reaction combination method is adopted, selenium-doped manganese ferrite is taken as a carrier with uniformly dispersed active components, polyacrylic acid is adopted to modify the active components, and polyacrylamide is grafted, so that the magnetic adsorption material with high selectivity, large adsorption capacity and environmental protection is obtained, has good dispersibility and good adsorption effect on mercury, and can be recycled.
(2) The invention solves the problems that the adsorption material is easy to agglomerate in the wastewater and is not easy to recycle, and the adsorption material can be recycled.
(3) The adsorbing material disclosed by the invention has better stability, and can stably exist even in a higher temperature state.
(4) The adsorbing material can treat low-concentration wastewater (50-100 mg/L), and the highest adsorbing efficiency can reach 98%.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of a cyclic adsorption experiment using the adsorbent material of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1: preparation of ZIF-67
Co(NO3)2·6H2O291 mg and 2-methylimidazole 328mg were dissolved in 25ml of methanol solution, respectively, mixed, stirred at room temperature for 24 hours, centrifuged at 6000rpm for 5 minutes after the reaction was completed, washed 4 times with ethanol, and the solid phase was dried at 60 ℃ for 6 hours to form ZIF-67.
Example 2: MnFe2O4Preparation of/ZIF-67 adsorbing material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67, adding into 50ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl20.48g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, so that the system is fully mixed and uniformly dispersed; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, and drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K to obtain product 1.
Example 3: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation of/ZIF-67 adsorbing material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67, adding into 50ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、0.5mmol Na2SeO40.5g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, so that the system is fully mixed and uniformly dispersed; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, and drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K to obtain product 2.
Example 4: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation method of/ZIF-67-polyacrylic acid adsorption material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67 and 400mg of polyacrylic acid, adding into 50ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、0.5mmol Na2SeO40.5g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, so that the system is fully mixed and uniformly dispersed; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, and drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K to obtain product 3.
Example 5: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation method of/ZIF-67-polyacrylic acid-polyacrylamide adsorption material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67 and 400mg of polyacrylic acid, adding into 50ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、0.5mmol Na2SeO40.5g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, so that the system is fully mixed and uniformly dispersed; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K, and dispersing the dried product in DMF; then adding 500mg of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 30ml of 2.5g/L polyacrylamide into the mixed solution (the mixed solution of the dried product and DMF), carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and stirring at room temperature for 12 h; after the reaction is finished, separating a magnet, and washing the product for multiple times by using a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water (V: V is 1: 1); drying the mixture for 12 hours in a vacuum oven under the condition of 323K to obtain a product 4.
Example 6: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation method of/ZIF-67-polyacrylic acid-polyacrylamide adsorption material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67 and 500mg of polyacrylic acid, adding into 50ml of N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、0.5mmol Na2SeO40.5g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, so that the system is fully mixed and uniformly dispersed; then the solution is mixedTransferring the mixture into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K, and dispersing the dried product in DMF; then adding 500mg of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 30ml of 2.5g/L polyacrylamide into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and stirring at room temperature for 12 h; after the reaction is finished, separating a magnet, and washing the product for multiple times by using a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water (V: V is 1: 1); and drying for 12h under the condition of 323K by using a vacuum oven to obtain a product 5.
Example 7: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation method of/ZIF-67-polyacrylic acid-polyacrylamide adsorption material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67 and 600mg of polyacrylic acid, adding into 50m N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、0.5mmol Na2SeO40.5g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, so that the system is fully mixed and uniformly dispersed; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K, and dispersing the dried product in DMF; then adding 500mg of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 30ml of 2.5g/L polyacrylamide into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and stirring at room temperature for 12 h; after the reaction is finished, separating a magnet, and washing the product for multiple times by using a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water (V: V is 1: 1); drying the mixture for 12 hours in a vacuum oven under the condition of 323K to obtain a product 6.
Example 8: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation method of/ZIF-67-polyacrylic acid-polyacrylamide adsorption material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67 and 500mg of polyacrylic acid, adding into 50m N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、1mmol Na2SeO40.5g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, fully mixing the system and uniformly dispersing; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K, and dispersing the dried product in DMF; then adding 500mg of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 30ml of 2.5g/L polyacrylamide into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and stirring at room temperature for 12 h; after the reaction is finished, separating a magnet, and washing the product for multiple times by using a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water (V: V is 1: 1); drying for 12h under 323K by a vacuum oven to obtain a product 7.
Example 9: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation method of/ZIF-67-polyacrylic acid-polyacrylamide adsorption material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67 and 500mg of polyacrylic acid, adding into 50m N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、2mmol Na2SeO40.5g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, so that the system is fully mixed and uniformly dispersed; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K, and dispersing the dried product in DMF; then adding 500mg of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 30ml of 2.5g/L polyacrylamide into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and stirring at room temperature for 12 h; after the reaction is finished, separating a magnet, and washing the product for multiple times by using a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water (V: V is 1: 1); and drying for 12h under the condition of 323K by using a vacuum oven to obtain the product 8.
Example 10: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation method of/ZIF-67-polyacrylic acid-polyacrylamide adsorption material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67 and 500mg of polyacrylic acid, adding into 50m N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、1mmol Na2SeO4、0.5Dissolving urea in the solution in sequence under ultrasonic condition, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to fully mix and uniformly disperse the system; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K, and dispersing the dried product in DMF; then adding 500mg of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 40ml of 2.5g/L polyacrylamide into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and stirring at room temperature for 12 h; after the reaction is finished, separating a magnet, and washing the product for multiple times by using a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water (V: V is 1: 1); drying the mixture for 12 hours in a vacuum oven under the condition of 323K to obtain a product 9.
Example 11: se-doped MnFe2O4Preparation method of/ZIF-67-polyacrylic acid-polyacrylamide adsorption material
Weighing 100mg of ZIF-67 and 500mg of polyacrylic acid, adding into 50m N, N-dimethylformamide, and performing ultrasonic treatment for 30min to uniformly disperse the system; then 2mmol of FeCl3.6H2O、1mmol MnCl2、1mmol Na2SeO40.5g of urea is dissolved in the solution in turn under the ultrasonic condition, and ultrasonic treatment is carried out for 30min, so that the system is fully mixed and uniformly dispersed; then transferring the solution into a 150ml stainless steel polytetrafluoroethylene high-pressure closed reaction kettle, and keeping the temperature of the reaction kettle in a constant-temperature oven at 200 ℃ for 12 hours; washing with deionized water and ethanol for multiple times, drying in a vacuum oven for 12h under 323K, and dispersing the dried product in DMF; then adding 500mg of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and 20ml of 2.5g/L polyacrylamide into the mixed solution, carrying out ultrasonic treatment for 15min, and stirring at room temperature for 12 h; after the reaction is finished, separating a magnet, and washing the product for multiple times by using a mixed solution of ethanol and deionized water (V: V is 1: 1); drying the mixture for 12 hours in a vacuum oven under the condition of 323K to obtain a product 10.
Hg adsorption performance tests were performed on the adsorption products 1-10 prepared in examples 2-11 above. The specific test method comprises the following steps: preparing 100mg/L Hg solution, measuring 50ml with a pipette, placing into 100ml conical flasks, adjusting pH to about 5, adding 0.05g of the adsorbent into 10 conical flasks, stirring at 30 deg.C for 10 hr with a constant temperature oscillator, separating with a magnet to obtain a small amount of supernatant, and detecting unadsorbed Hg concentration with atomic absorption. The experimental data are shown in table 1. The adsorption efficiency is (initial concentration of Hg-residual concentration after adsorption)/initial concentration of Hg.
TABLE 1
The adsorption product 8 prepared in the above example 8 was subjected to a test of adsorption performance of Hg in wastewater. The specific test method comprises the following steps: 100ml of wastewater (mercury content 100mg/L) is respectively put into 200ml conical flasks, pH values are respectively adjusted to 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10 and 11, 0.1g of the adsorbing material is respectively added into 7 conical flasks, the mixture is stirred for 10 hours at 30 ℃ by a constant temperature oscillator, a small amount of supernatant is obtained by magnet separation, and the unadsorbed Hg concentration is detected by atomic absorption. The experimental data are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2
The adsorption product 8 prepared in the above example 8 was subjected to a test of adsorption performance of Hg in wastewater. The specific test method comprises the following steps: 100ml of wastewater (mercury content 100mg/L) was taken and placed in 6 200ml conical flasks, pH was adjusted to about 7, 0.01g, 0.05g, 0.1g, 0.3g, 0.5g, 1.0g of the above-mentioned adsorbing materials were added to the 6 conical flasks, respectively, and stirred at 30 ℃ for 10 hours with a constant temperature oscillator, a small amount of supernatant was separated with a magnet, and the concentration of unadsorbed Hg was detected by atomic absorption. The experimental data are shown in table 3.
TABLE 3
The adsorption product 8 prepared in the above example 8 was subjected to a test of adsorption performance of Hg in wastewater. The specific test method comprises the following steps: 100ml of wastewater with the mercury contents of 20mg/L, 40mg/L, 50mg/L, 100mg/L, 200mg/L and 1000mg/L respectively is taken and placed in 6 200ml conical flasks, the pH value is adjusted to be about 7, 0.5g of the adsorbing material is added into the 6 conical flasks respectively, the mixture is stirred for 10 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃ by a constant temperature oscillator, a small amount of supernatant is separated by a magnet, and the concentration of unadsorbed Hg is detected by atomic absorption. The experimental data are shown in table 4.
TABLE 4
The adsorption product 8 prepared in the above example 8 was subjected to a test of adsorption performance of Hg in wastewater. The specific test method comprises the following steps: 100ml of wastewater (the mercury content is 100mg/L) is respectively put into 5 200ml conical flasks, the pH value is adjusted to be about 7, 0.1g of the adsorbing material is respectively added into the 5 conical flasks, the mixture is respectively stirred for 4h, 6h, 8h, 10h and 12h at the temperature of 30 ℃ by a constant temperature oscillator, a small amount of supernatant is separated by a magnet, and the concentration of unadsorbed Hg is detected by atomic absorption. The experimental data are shown in table 5.
TABLE 5
Fig. 1 is a cyclic adsorption experiment of product 7, which is example 8 of the present invention, and it can be seen that after 5 times of adsorption of Hg solution, the adsorption efficiency can still be maintained above 96% after adsorption cycle, which indicates that the adsorption material prepared by the present invention can be well reused.
Claims (9)
1. A method for treating mercury-containing wastewater is characterized in that an adsorbing material is placed in the mercury-containing wastewater and stirred for more than 6 hours; the preparation method of the adsorption material comprises the following steps of carrying out ultrasonic treatment on a metal organic framework material ZIF-67 and polyacrylic acid in N, N-dimethylformamide until the materials are completely dispersed, sequentially dissolving ferric salt, manganese salt, sodium selenate and urea in the solution under the ultrasonic condition, carrying out ultrasonic treatment until the system is uniformly dispersed, carrying out hydrothermal reaction on the dispersion liquid at 120-200 ℃, filtering, washing and drying to obtain a product A, dispersing the product A in DMF, adding N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide and polyacrylamide solution into the product A, carrying out ultrasonic dispersion, and carrying out stirring reaction at room temperature to obtain the adsorption material; the concentration of ZIF-67 in N, N-dimethylformamide is 2-5 g/L; the mass ratio of ZIF-67 to polyacrylic acid to ferric salt is 1: 4-6: 5-6; the molar ratio of the ferric salt to the manganese salt to the sodium selenate to the urea is 2:1: 0.5-2: 8-12.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the hydrothermal reaction time is 10-15 h.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of N, N-dicyclohexylcarbodiimide to polyacrylamide is 5 to 20: 1.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of polyacrylamide to ZIF-67 is 0.5 to 1: 1.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein the metallic mercury concentration of the wastewater is not less than 50mg/L by mass.
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the metallic mercury concentration of the wastewater is not less than 100mg/L by mass.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the pH of the wastewater is between 5 and 10.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the wastewater has a pH of between 7 and 9.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the mass ratio of the mercury sorbent to the wastewater is 0.05 to 0.5g/100 ml.
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