CN103623771A - Waste solution mercury removal adsorbent, preparation method and application method thereof - Google Patents

Waste solution mercury removal adsorbent, preparation method and application method thereof Download PDF

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CN103623771A
CN103623771A CN201310632485.1A CN201310632485A CN103623771A CN 103623771 A CN103623771 A CN 103623771A CN 201310632485 A CN201310632485 A CN 201310632485A CN 103623771 A CN103623771 A CN 103623771A
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mercury
adsorbent
waste liquid
metal
removing adsorbent
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CN103623771B (en
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李良
晏乃强
瞿赞
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Shanghai Jiaotong University
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Abstract

The invention relates to a waste solution mercury removal adsorbent, a preparation method and an application method thereof. A material with high specific surface area and large pore volume is adopted as the adsorbent carrier, the material is immersed into a reaction precursor solution of a metal sulfide or metal selenide nanometer adsorbent, organic acid, organic amine, sulfhydryl compound or polyhydric alcohol is used as a reactant ligand, the reactant ligand reacts with a sulphur and selenium precursor through metal ions to generate the metal sulfide or metal selenide nanometer adsorbent, the adsorbent deposits on the surface of the carrier, and the mercury removal adsorbent with high adsorption capacity is prepared. According to the invention, the mercury removal adsorbent is prepared to a filter layer to filter the waste solution containing mercury ions; the mercury ions in a liquid phase are adsorbed onto the adsorbent to fulfill the purpose of liquid phase mercury removal by utilizing exchanging of the metal ions on the material and the mercury ions. The waste solution mercury removal adsorbent is suitable for removal and recycling of mercury in waste water of mercury-involved industries.

Description

A kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and preparation method thereof and using method
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of waste water removal of mercury technology of field of environment protection, mainly on the material of high-specific surface area and pore volume, directly synthesize loaded metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber, prepare the mercury-removing adsorbent of high-adsorption-capacity.In use procedure, utilize metal ion on adsorbent and the exchange of waste liquid mercury ion, be adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury.
Background technology
Research shows, mercury has become global pollutant, and human health and environment have been caused to obvious harm.For this reason, 2013 countries of more than 140, Nian the United Nations are through negotiation for many years, finally passed through the international control of a legally binding < < mercury pollution pact > >, by monitoring in the world and limit the production and trade of mercurous product, control simultaneously and reduce the discharge of mercury.Along with industrial development, mercury is all widely used in many industries, if the industries such as medicine equipment manufacturing industry, electric equipment manufacturing industry, chemicals manufacturing industry, press are all using mercury or mercurous product, has also produced thus a large amount of mercury contaminants.What in use and production process, produce mostly discharges with forms such as flue gas, waste water or solid wastes containing mercury contaminants.Wherein, for the main stream approach of flue gas demercuration, be to adopt gas mercury morphology control, the nonvalent mercury in flue gas is converted into divalence mercury, then by wet scrubbing system, divalence mercury is absorbed to removal.Although can effectively remove the mercury in flue gas like this, can produce a large amount of mercury-containing waste waters equally.And can produce many mercury-containing waste waters equally in solid waste processing procedure.If these mercury-containing waste waters do not add, just do not process directly discharge, must cause severe contamination to environment.
The current processing for mercury-containing waste water generally relies on interpolation active carbon to be adsorbed, or adds chemical reagent and react the lower mercuric sulphide of generation toxicity with mercury, or use that chelating agent solidifies the mercury in waste water etc.The active carbon that discloses a kind of carrying alkali metal or alkaline earth sulfide as patent CN96108886.9 is removed the method for the mercury and mercuric compounds in liquid hydrocarbon; Patent CN201110042926.3 discloses and has a kind ofly added vulcanizing agent and composite assistant makes Hg in waste water 2+change the method for HgS particle precipitation into.But these adsorbents, chemical reagent reaction speed are slower, and also cost is higher.Mercury in waste water is finally abandoned with the form of solid waste simultaneously, cannot accomplish to recycle.This both may cause secondary pollution due to the release of mercury in solid waste, can cause again the waste of mercury resource.Therefore, for the processing of mercury-containing waste water, mercury or the mercury compound in waste water should be both considered efficiently to remove, and the recovery recycling to Mercury in Wastewater can be considered again.
Summary of the invention
Object of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and preparation method thereof and using method in order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art existence.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent, it is characterized in that, this adsorbent is that adsorbing agent carrier impregnated in metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber reaction precursor liquid solution and reacts and make, and wherein the load capacity of nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier is 1~50wt%.
Described adsorbing agent carrier is to have large specific area and the material of pore volume, comprises aluminium oxide, diatomite, molecular sieve, attapulgite, zeolite or active carbon etc.
A preparation method for waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, choose adsorbing agent carrier;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of second step, configuration metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber;
The 3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber, regulating reaction temperature is 30~100 ℃, make adsorbing agent carrier and reaction precursor body fluid mixing 1-3 hour, utilize the reaction of precursors to generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on the surface of adsorbing agent carrier;
The 4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and to be positioned under room temperature dryly, to obtain mercury-removing adsorbent.
The reaction precursor liquid solution of described metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber is metal reaction precursor, sulphur or selenium reacting precursor and the formulated mixed liquor of organic ligand, in this mixed liquor, the concentration of metal reaction precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, the concentration of sulphur or selenium reacting precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, and the concentration of organic ligand is 0.1-10.0mol/L.
Described metal reaction precursor comprises slaine or the metal oxide of zinc, iron, aluminium, titanium, manganese, calcium; Described sulphur or selenium reacting precursor comprise sulphur, selenium simple substance or compound; Described organic ligand comprises organic amine, sulfhydryl compound or organic acid.
Described reaction precursor liquid solution is that organic solution system or pH value scope are the water solution systems of 2-14.
The described dry temperature of step (4) is 15~30 ℃, and dried adsorbing agent carrier is calcined at 100-250 ℃, forms stable mercury-removing adsorbent.
The using method of mercury in a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent removal and Recycling of waste liquid, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: a. is made into filter course by the mercury-removing adsorbent preparing the waste liquid containing mercury ion is carried out to filtration treatment, utilize metal ion on material and the exchange of mercury ion, mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury; B. the mercury content on mercury-removing adsorbent reaches certain value, mercury-removing adsorbent filter course is changed, and the mercury on adsorbent is carried out to desorb and recovery.
The described waste liquid containing mercury ion is with the flow velocity of 0.05-0.5m/s by the filter course of being made by mercury-removing adsorbent, and the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 10-120s; In waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, need mercury-removing adsorbent filter course to change, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 600-800 ℃ of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbing condensation at subzero 20-50 ℃ temperature is reclaimed.
It is adsorbing agent carrier that the material of high-specific surface area and large pore volume is take in the present invention, immersed in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal sulfide, metal selenide nano adsorber, using organic acid, organic amine, sulfhydryl compound etc. as reactant part, the sulphur, the selenium that by metal ion and presoma, decomposite react, generate metal sulfide, selenides nano adsorber and be deposited on adsorbing agent carrier surface, being prepared into the mercury-removing adsorbent with high-adsorption-capacity.During use, only need adsorbent directly to immerse and be rich in the waste liquid of mercury ion, utilize metal ion on adsorbent and the exchange of mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the waste liquid removal of mercury.When the mercury adsorption capacity of adsorbent approaches when saturated, can, by concentrating the processing such as high temperature, chilling, reclaim the wherein mercury of absorption, thereby realize the recovery resource to mercury.This mercury-removing adsorbent is suitable for relating to removal and the recovery of mercury industry waste water mercury.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantages:
1, the present invention utilizes the sources such as aluminium oxide to enrich low-cost material as carrier, directly synthesizes coated metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber thereon, and preparation cost is very cheap;
2, by enrichment the adsorbent of high concentration mercury can focus on, by the method for desorption under high temperature and cryogenic condensation, realize the recovery resource of mercury.
3, the metal ion itself entering in liquid phase by ion-exchange in use procedure of the present invention is nontoxic, can not cause secondary pollution;
4, using method of the present invention is very convenient, only needs that mercury-removing adsorbent is made to filter course mercurous waste liquid is carried out to filtration treatment, gets final product the ionic mercury in efficient adsorption liquid phase.
5, the present invention is applicable to relate to mercurous waste liquid removal and the recycling of mercury industry.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention is described in detail.
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: the present embodiment is implemented under with technical solution of the present invention prerequisite, have provided detailed embodiment and specific operation process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.In the present invention program in implementation process, emphasis take that to realize divalence mercury efficient adsorption be target.
Embodiment 1
Taking 10g particle diameter is that 0.25mm activated alumina is standby as adsorbing agent carrier, configuration 100ml zinc sulfide nano sorbent reactions precursor solution (zinc chloride 0.5mol/L, thiocarbamide 2mol/L, mercaptopropionic acid 1.5mol/L).10g activated alumina is immersed in nano adsorber reacting precursor solution, was at 95 ℃ in temperature, with the rotating speeds of 100 revs/min, stirring reaction 1 hour.Load is had to the activated alumina of zinc sulphide by isolated by filtration out, under 25 degree room temperatures, be dried 5 hours, make zinc sulfide nano mercury-removing adsorbent.Through detecting, on activated alumina, the load capacity of nano adsorber is about 32%.Mercury-removing adsorbent specific area is about 367m 2/ g.
Embodiment 2
The molecular sieve that takes 10g particle diameter and be 0.25mm is standby as adsorbing agent carrier, configuration 100ml ferrous sulfide nano adsorber precursor solution (frerrous chloride 1mol/L, oleic acid 3mol/L, sulphur simple substance 3mol/L, octadecylene 100ml).10g molecular sieve is immersed in 100ml ferrous sulfide nano adsorber precursor solution, when temperature is 250 degrees Celsius, with the rotating speed stirring reactions of 500 revs/min 1 hour.There is the molecular sieve of ferrous sulfide to separate by filtration washing load, under 25 degree room temperatures, be dried 5 hours, make ferrous sulfide mercury-removing adsorbent.Through detecting, on molecular sieve, the load capacity of nano adsorber is about 45%.Mercury-removing adsorbent specific area is 483m 2/ g.
Embodiment 3
The zinc sulfide nano adsorbent of embodiment 1 preparation is got to 0.1g and place in the mercuric chloride solution that 50mL concentration is 200mg/L, and stir with the speed of 400 revs/min.After 5 minutes, solution, by filtration treatment, is detected filtrate, result shows that in solution, the removal efficiency of mercury is greater than 99.9%, remaining ion concentration of mercury is less than 1 μ g/L.
Embodiment 4
The preparation method of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and a using method, comprise the following steps:
The first step, choose there is large specific area and pore volume diatomite as adsorbing agent carrier;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of second step, configuration metal selenide nano adsorber: aluminium chloride 0.1mol/L, selenium simple substance 0.1mol/L, organic amine methylamine 0.1mol/L, reaction precursor liquid solution is that aluminium chloride, selenium simple substance and methylamine are dissolved in the organic solution system that ethanol forms.
The 3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal selenide nano adsorber, regulating reaction temperature is 30 ℃, adsorbing agent carrier is mixed 3 hours with reaction precursor body fluid, utilize the reaction of precursors to generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on the surface of adsorbing agent carrier;
The 4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and to be positioned under 15 ℃ of room temperatures dryly, to obtain mercury-removing adsorbent.Wherein the load capacity of nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier is 1wt%;
The 5th step, dried adsorbing agent carrier is carried out to low temperature calcination, form stable mercury-removing adsorbent;
The 6th step, the mercury-removing adsorbent preparing is made into filter course to carrying out filtration treatment containing the waste liquid of mercury ion, containing the waste liquid of mercury ion with the flow velocity of 0.1m/s by the filter course of being made by mercury-removing adsorbent, the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 60s; Utilize metal ion on material and the exchange of mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury;
In the 7th step, the waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, need mercury-removing adsorbent filter course to change, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 600-800 ℃ of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbing condensation at subzero 20-50 ℃ temperature is reclaimed.
Embodiment 5
The preparation method of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent and a using method, comprise the following steps:
The first step, choose there is large specific area and pore volume active carbon as adsorbing agent carrier;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of second step, configuration metal selenide nano adsorber: titanium chloride 10.0mol/L, selenium simple substance 10.0mol/L, organic acid sulfonic acid 10.0mol/L, reaction precursor liquid solution is that organic solution system or pH value scope are 14 water solution systems.
The 3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal selenide nano adsorber, regulating reaction temperature is 100 ℃, adsorbing agent carrier is mixed 3 hours with reaction precursor body fluid, utilize the reaction of precursors to generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on the surface of adsorbing agent carrier;
The 4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and to be positioned under 30 ℃ of room temperatures dryly, to obtain mercury-removing adsorbent.Wherein the load capacity of nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier is 50wt%;
The 5th step, dried adsorbing agent carrier is carried out to low temperature calcination, form stable mercury-removing adsorbent;
The 6th step, the mercury-removing adsorbent preparing is made into filter course to carrying out filtration treatment containing the waste liquid of mercury ion, containing the waste liquid of mercury ion with the flow velocity of 0.5m/s by the filter course of being made by mercury-removing adsorbent, the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 60s; Utilize metal ion on material and the exchange of mercury ion, the mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reach the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury;
In the 7th step, the waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, need mercury-removing adsorbent filter course to change, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 600-800 ℃ of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbing condensation at subzero 20-50 ℃ temperature is reclaimed.

Claims (9)

1. a waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent, it is characterized in that, this adsorbent is that adsorbing agent carrier impregnated in metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber reaction precursor liquid solution and reacts and make, and wherein the load capacity of nano adsorber on adsorbing agent carrier is 1~50wt%.
2. a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described adsorbing agent carrier is to have large specific area and the material of pore volume, comprises aluminium oxide, diatomite, molecular sieve, attapulgite, zeolite or active carbon etc.
3. a preparation method for waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
The first step, choose adsorbing agent carrier;
The reaction precursor liquid solution of second step, configuration metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber;
The 3rd step, adsorbing agent carrier be impregnated in the reaction precursor liquid solution of metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber, regulating reaction temperature is 30~100 ℃, make adsorbing agent carrier and reaction precursor body fluid mixing 1-3 hour, utilize the reaction of precursors to generate metal sulfide or metal selenide nano adsorber and be deposited on the surface of adsorbing agent carrier;
The 4th step, by filtering, adsorbing agent carrier separated from reaction precursor liquid solution, and to be positioned under room temperature dryly, to obtain mercury-removing adsorbent.
4. the preparation method of a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the reaction precursor liquid solution of described metal sulfide or selenides nano adsorber is metal reaction precursor, sulphur or selenium reacting precursor and the formulated mixed liquor of organic ligand, in this mixed liquor, the concentration of metal reaction precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, the concentration of sulphur or selenium reacting precursor is 0.1-10.0mol/L, and the concentration of organic ligand is 0.1-10.0mol/L.
5. the preparation method of a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described metal reaction precursor comprises slaine or the metal oxide of zinc, iron, aluminium, titanium, manganese, calcium; Described sulphur or selenium reacting precursor comprise sulphur, selenium simple substance or compound; Described organic ligand comprises polyalcohol, organic amine, sulfhydryl compound or organic acid.
6. according to the preparation method of a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent described in claim 3 or 4 or 5, it is characterized in that, described reaction precursor liquid solution is that organic solution system or pH value scope are the water solution systems of 2-14.
7. the preparation method of a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 3, it is characterized in that, the described dry temperature of step (4) is 15~30 ℃, and dried adsorbing agent carrier is calcined at 100-250 ℃, forms stable mercury-removing adsorbent.
A waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent as claimed in claim 1 remove and Recycling of waste liquid in the using method of mercury, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: a. is made into filter course by the mercury-removing adsorbent preparing the waste liquid containing mercury ion is carried out to filtration treatment, utilize metal ion on material and the exchange of mercury ion, mercury ion in liquid phase is adsorbed onto on adsorbent, reaches the object of the liquid phase removal of mercury; B. the mercury content on mercury-removing adsorbent reaches certain value, mercury-removing adsorbent filter course is changed, and the mercury on adsorbent is carried out to desorb and recovery.
9. the using method of a kind of waste liquid mercury-removing adsorbent according to claim 8, it is characterized in that, the described waste liquid containing mercury ion is with the flow velocity of 0.05-0.5m/s by the filter course of being made by mercury-removing adsorbent, and the time of staying of waste liquid in filter course is 10-120s; In waste liquid after filtering, mercury content reaches the 80-95% of relevant emission standards limit value, need mercury-removing adsorbent filter course to change, change the adsorbent of enriched mercury at 600-800 ℃ of temperature lower calcination, the mercuric sulphide of generation is desorbed, and the mercuryvapour desorbing condensation at subzero 20-50 ℃ temperature is reclaimed.
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