CN103618016A - 一种新型mwt太阳能电池组件及其制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种新型MWT太阳能电池组件,从上到下依次铺设钢化玻璃、第一EVA胶膜、MWT太阳能电池、打孔铜带、导电胶、第二EVA胶膜和背板。采用此种叠加方式,用打孔铜带替代了大面积的铜背板,节省了原材料,降低了辅材成本,采用此种设计不再需要在背板上腐蚀或者切割出电路,只需要在打孔铜带和背面电极对准即可;本发明还公开了此种新型MWT太阳能电池组件的制备方法,本发明提供的制备方法,制备工序简单,制造成本低,适于实用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种太阳能电池组件,特别是一种新型MWT太阳能电池组件及其制备方法。
背景技术
随着太阳能电池新技术的产生,相应的组件技术也不断在提高。新型高效MWT(Metal Wrap-Through)电池技术是将发射极从正面穿过晶体硅后引到电池背面,将主栅线从正面转移到背面,正面只有金属细栅,即发射极和基区的电极都在电池背面,这样的结构减少了正面栅线的遮挡和主栅下正负电荷的复合,从而增加了太阳电池的短路电流;另外由于正负电极都在电池背面,所以组件制作时,也降低了组件的电阻损耗,可以提高组件的光电转换效率。
目前针对现有MWT组件的封装技术主要有以下两种,但都存在不足之处:
现有MWT封装技术将电路和导电箔与背板粘附在一起,即采用导电背板和导电胶将电池连接起来,其中EVA需要预先进行开孔处理。此方法中的导电背板制作工艺繁琐而且由于采用化学腐蚀或数控机床切割方式制作导电电路,很容易对背板有损伤,而且该背板价格一直居高不下,致使组件成本很高。
另外,采用焊接的方法使用多条焊带与电池背面的电极相连接,但是使用此方法,电池背面电极需做成条状而不是点状,这样在电极背面仍会产生复合和银浆料的成本的增加;并且多条栅线的焊接会使电池片产生弯曲,在层压过程中易产生碎片,增加了生产成本。
发明内容
发明目的:本发明的目的在于解决现有的MWT太阳能电池组件电路和导电箔与背板粘附在一起制作工序复杂,易对电路产生损伤,并且多条焊带与MWT太阳能电池背面的电极相连接而引起成本增加,以及在层压过程中造成裂片而影响电池转换效率的问题。
发明内容:本发明提供以下技术方案:一种新型MWT太阳能电池组件,从上到下依次铺设钢化玻璃、第一EVA胶膜、MWT太阳能电池、打孔铜带、导电胶、第二EVA胶膜和背板。
作为优化,所述钢化玻璃为透明的镀膜钢化玻璃。
一种制备新型MWT太阳能电池组件的方法,包括以下步骤:
1)准备铜带,并按照MWT太阳能电池背面的图案在铜带上进行打孔;
2)将MWT太阳能电池放在串联的模板上,将打好孔的铜带与MWT太阳能电池背面电极对准,采用高温胶带将打孔铜带固定在MWT太阳能电池背面,将导电胶点在铜带的孔洞上,得到MWT太阳能电池串;
3)放置透明的镀膜钢化玻璃,在钢化玻璃的背面铺设第一EVA胶膜,在第一EVA胶膜的另一面铺设步骤2得到的MWT太阳能电池串的电池一侧,然后将六串电池串采用汇流条汇流出来;
4)在步骤3的基础上,在MWT太阳能电池串背面的打孔铜带上方依次铺设第二EVA胶膜和背板,完成组件的层叠;
5)对铺设好的层叠材料放进层压机层压,层压结束后对边缘多余的EVA胶膜和背板进行割边;
6)待层压件冷却后进行边框和接线盒的安装。
作为优化,所述步骤1中的打孔铜带宽8~12mm,厚0.15~0.3mm。
作为优化,所述步骤3和步骤5中EVA胶膜厚0.45mm。
有益效果:本发明与现有技术相比:采用本发明提供的MWT太阳能电池组件,用带状铜箔代替了大面积的铜箔,节省了很多铜,降低了辅材的成本;同时也不需要在背板上腐蚀或者切割出电路,这样减少了对背板的破坏作用,提高了背板的长期可靠性和耐候性;采用带状铜箔代替焊带,和采用点接触电极的MWT电池,既节省了电池的生产成本,也减少了焊接产生的隐裂片数量;无需将EVA打孔,降低了EVA的制作成本;减少了MWT电池片对位的风险性,此方法不需要进行电池与背板图形的对位,只需将铜带的孔与电池电极对准即可。本发明提供的制备新型MWT太阳能电池的方法简单易行,富有实用性。
附图说明
图1为本发明的结构示意图。
具体实施方式
如附图1所示,一种新型MWT太阳能电池组件,从上到下依次为透明的镀膜钢化玻璃1、第一EVA胶膜2、MWT太阳能电池3、打孔铜带4、导电胶5、第二EVA胶膜6和背板7。
首先进行MWT太阳能电池3的制备:晶体硅片分别经激光穿孔、制绒、扩散、刻蚀、钝化、PECVD、金属化等工艺完成MWT太阳能电池3的制备。
然后进行MWT太阳能电池组件的制备,包括以下步骤:
1)准备宽8mm,厚0.25mm的铜带,并按照MWT太阳能电池背面的图案在铜带上进行打孔,得到制备好的打孔铜带4;
2)将MWT太阳能电池3放在串联的模板上,将打好孔的铜带与MWT太阳能电池3背面电极对准,采用高温胶带将打孔铜带4固定在MWT太阳能电池3背面,将导电胶5点在铜带的孔洞上,得到MWT太阳能电池串;
3)放置透明的镀膜钢化玻璃1,在钢化玻璃1的背面铺设0.45mm的第一EVA胶膜2,在第一EVA胶膜2的另一面铺设步骤2得到的MWT太阳能电池串的电池一侧,然后将六串电池串采用汇流条汇流出来;
4)在步骤3的基础上,在MWT太阳能电池串背面的打孔铜带上方依次铺设0.45mm的第二EVA胶膜和背板,完成组件的层叠;
5)对铺设好的层叠材料放进层压机层压,层压结束后对边缘多余的EVA胶膜和背板进行割边;
6)待层压件冷却后进行边框和接线盒的安装。
本发明提供的MWT太阳能电池组件,制造成本低,损伤少,可靠性和耐候性高,具有很高的实际应用价值。
Claims (5)
1.一种新型MWT太阳能电池组件,其特征在于:从上到下依次铺设钢化玻璃、第一EVA胶膜、MWT太阳能电池、打孔铜带、导电胶、第二EVA胶膜和背板。
2.根据权利要求1所述的新型MWT太阳能电池组件,其特征在于:所述钢化玻璃为透明的镀膜钢化玻璃。
3.一种制备权利要求1的产品的方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
1)准备铜带,并按照MWT太阳能电池背面的图案在铜带上进行打孔;
2)将MWT太阳能电池放在串联的模板上,将打好孔的铜带与MWT太阳能电池背面电极对准,采用高温胶带将打孔铜带固定在MWT太阳能电池背面,将导电胶点在铜带的孔洞上,得到MWT太阳能电池串;
3)放置透明的镀膜钢化玻璃,在钢化玻璃的背面铺设第一EVA胶膜,在第一EVA胶膜的另一面铺设步骤2得到的MWT太阳能电池串的电池一侧,然后将六串电池串采用汇流条汇流出来;
4)在步骤3的基础上,在MWT太阳能电池串背面的打孔铜带下方依次铺设第二EVA胶膜和背板,完成组件的层叠;
5)对铺设好的层叠材料放进层压机层压,层压结束后对边缘多余的EVA胶膜和背板进行割边;
6)待层压件冷却后进行边框和接线盒的安装。
4.根据权利要求3所述的制备新型MWT太阳能电池组件的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤1中的打孔铜带宽8~12mm,厚0.15~0.3mm。
5.根据权利要求3所述的制备新型MWT太阳能电池组件的方法,其特征在于:所述步骤3和步骤5中EVA胶膜厚0.45mm。
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