CN103616300A - Device and method for testing direct shear intensity of soil containing natural gas hydrate - Google Patents
Device and method for testing direct shear intensity of soil containing natural gas hydrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN103616300A CN103616300A CN201310642679.XA CN201310642679A CN103616300A CN 103616300 A CN103616300 A CN 103616300A CN 201310642679 A CN201310642679 A CN 201310642679A CN 103616300 A CN103616300 A CN 103616300A
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Abstract
The invention provides a device and a method for testing the direct shear intensity of soil containing a natural gas hydrate. According to the device, a kettle body is arranged in a thermostat; an upper piston assembly penetrates through the kettle body and is in contact with a shear box through a pressing cap; a lower piston assembly penetrates through the kettle body to be connected with a lower shear plate of the shear box; a first measurement mechanism is arranged on the side part of the upper piston assembly; a second measurement mechanism is arranged on the side part of the lower piston assembly; a third measurement mechanism is arranged on the side part of the kettle body; a gas recycling module is connected with the inner cavity of the kettle body; a gas pressure supply module is connected with the inner cavity of the upper piston assembly; a gas source supply module is connected with the inner cavity of the kettle body; a hydraulic supply module is connected with the inner cavity of the lower piston assembly; a vacuum environment generation module is connected with the inner cavity of the kettle body; a data acquisition terminal is connected with all the modules and all the mechanisms respectively. The formation of natural gas hydrates on the seabed is really simulated; furthermore, the characteristic of short reaction time is achieved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to gas hydrate sediment technical field of measurement and test, particularly a kind of test unit and method containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength.
Background technology
Gas hydrate be the natural-gas molecules such as methane CH4 under certain pressure and temperature conditions, be inhaled in the space of cage type water clusters structure, thereby form a kind of solid shape material.As a kind of strategic substitute energy, gas hydrate have huge business development and are worth, and estimate will occupy main status in the energy consumption structure in this century.Along with the worsening shortages of oil and natural gas resource, this novel substitute energy of development of natural gas hydrate just seems particularly urgent.Meanwhile, what the irrational exploitation of gas hydrate can cause the landslide in seabed and methane gas discharges into atmosphere in a large number, understands like this safety of grave danger marine structure and causes global warming.Therefore, for the research of sea bed gas hydrate, be the inevitable requirement that will large-scale develop and utilize gas hydrate future, it has extremely important strategic importance.
In prior art, for containing the correlative study of gas hydrate sediment Mechanical Characters of Composite Ground still in starting and exploratory stage.Current existing mechanical index method of testing mainly contains two kinds: the one, by making in advance pulverulent solids hydrate, mix with soil particle, and the environment of then potpourri of making being put into low temperature is to carry out shearing experiment; The 2nd, directly in soil sample hole, generate gas hydrate.First the soil sample with certain water cut or ice content is put into experimental provision, utilize vacuum pump vacuumize rear injection rock gas gas and apply certain pressure, then reduce temperature and form containing gas hydrate soil sample.
Drawback of the prior art is:
First method differs greatly from natural hydrated in-situ thing generate pattern; Second method, because the coefficient of diffusion of the fine and close hydrate layer that gas generates at gas-water interface is very low, will cause suitable length of hydrate rise time, and it is quite inhomogeneous to make in sample hole hydrate distribute, and test findings reliability is reduced.
Therefore above existing preparation and method cannot truly reflect the actual conditions that sea bed gas hydrate forms; Or the reaction time is longer, cannot meet the requirement of test.
Summary of the invention
Technical matters to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of test unit and method containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength; This device and method can be realized the actual conditions that true reflection sea bed gas hydrate forms, and has short feature of reaction time.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, according to one aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of test unit containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength, this device comprises: kettle; Shear box; Pressure cap; And constant temperature oven, be used to described kettle that constant processing temperature is provided; Described kettle is placed in the inside of described constant temperature oven; Upper piston assembly, for loading pressure at right angle at experimentation to sample, described upper piston assembly passes described kettle and contacts with described shear box by described pressure cap; Lower piston assembly, for shearing force being provided to described shear box at experimentation, described lower piston assembly is connected with the down cut plate of described shear box through described kettle; The first measuring mechanism, for measuring the displacement on described upper piston assembly vertical direction; Described the first measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described upper piston assembly, and the two is fixedly connected with; The second measuring mechanism, for measuring the displacement in described lower piston component level direction; Described the second measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described lower piston assembly, and the two is fixedly connected with; The 3rd measuring mechanism, for measuring the processing temperature of described kettle inside; Described the 3rd measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described kettle, and the two is fixedly connected with; Gas recycling module, the gas producing for reclaiming the decomposition water compound that heats up in described kettle; Described gas recycling module is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle; Air pressure supplying module, is used to the motion in described upper piston assembly vertical direction that air pressure is provided; Described air pressure supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of described upper piston assembly; Source of the gas supplying module, is used to the inner chamber of described kettle that source of the gas is provided; Described source of the gas supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle; Hydraulic pressure supply module, is used to described lower piston component level direction uniform motion that hydraulic pressure is provided; Described hydraulic pressure supply module is connected with the inner chamber of described lower piston assembly; Vacuum environment generation module, is used to the inner chamber of described kettle to manufacture vacuum environment; Described vacuum environment generation module is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle; Data collection station, for the first measuring mechanism, described the second measuring mechanism, described the 3rd measuring mechanism, described air pressure supplying module, described source of the gas supplying module, the measured data-signal of described hydraulic pressure supply module described in Real-time Collection.
Further, described upper piston assembly comprises: upper piston and upper piston rod; Described upper piston rod passes successively the top of described upper piston, described kettle and contacts with described shear box by described pressure cap; Described the first measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described upper piston; Described air pressure supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of described upper piston.
Further, described lower piston assembly comprises: lower piston and lower piston rod; Described lower piston rod is connected through described lower piston, the sidepiece of described kettle and the down cut plate of described shear box successively; Described the second measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described lower piston; Described hydraulic pressure supply module is connected with the inner chamber of described lower piston.
Further, described the first measuring mechanism is the first displacement transducer, and described the first displacement transducer is connected with described data collection station; And/or described the second measuring mechanism is second displacement sensor, described second displacement sensor is connected with described data collection station; And/or described the 3rd measuring mechanism is temperature sensor, described temperature sensor is connected with described data collection station.
Further, described gas recycling module comprises: gas concentration unit and gas reclaim valve; Described gas concentration unit reclaims valve by described gas and is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle.
Further, described air pressure supplying module comprises: the first gas cylinder, the first pressure regulator valve, the first reset valve, the first atmospheric valve, the first pressurizing valve, the first tensimeter, the first pressure transducer and the first reset atmospheric valve; Described the first gas cylinder is connected with described the first variable valve; Described the first pressure regulator valve is connected with the inner chamber of described upper piston by described the first reset valve, described the first atmospheric valve successively; Described the first pressure regulator valve is connected with the inner chamber of described upper piston by described the first pressurizing valve, described the first tensimeter, described the first pressure transducer and described the first reset atmospheric valve successively; Described the first pressure transducer is connected with described data collection station, for measuring the chamber pressure of described upper piston.
Further, described source of the gas supplying module comprises: the second gas cylinder, the second pressure regulator valve, the 3rd pressure regulator valve, high-pressure valve, low pressure valve, the second tensimeter, the second pressure transducer and the second atmospheric valve; Described the second gas cylinder is connected with described the second pressure regulator valve, described the 3rd pressure regulator valve respectively; Described the second pressure regulator valve is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle by described high-pressure valve, described the second tensimeter, described the second pressure transducer and the second atmospheric valve successively; Described the 3rd pressure regulator valve is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle by described low pressure valve, described the second tensimeter, described the second pressure transducer and described the second atmospheric valve successively; Described the second atmospheric valve is arranged on described kettle; Described the second pressure transducer is connected with described data collection station, for measuring the chamber pressure of described lower piston.
Further, described hydraulic pressure supply module comprises: constant flow pump, the second pressurizing valve, the second reset atmospheric valve, the 3rd pressure transducer, the second reset valve and the 3rd atmospheric valve; Described constant flow pump is connected with the inner chamber of described lower piston by described the second pressurizing valve, described the second reset atmospheric valve, described the 3rd pressure transducer successively; Described constant flow pump is connected with the inner chamber of described lower piston by described the second reset valve, described the 3rd atmospheric valve successively; Described the 3rd pressure transducer, described constant flow pump are connected with described data collection station respectively.
Further, described vacuum environment generation module comprises: vacuum pump and vacuum valve; Described vacuum pump is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle by described vacuum valve.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of test method containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength is provided, and it comprises the steps: that based on said apparatus sample becomes sample step, be used for setting sample density, and adopt lifting jack to be compression molded into sample or adopt layering in shear box to hit real one-tenth sample; Sample installation steps, for sample is positioned over to shear box, and seal kettle; Vacuum generates step, for opening vacuum valve, closes successively the second atmospheric valve, low pressure valve, high-pressure valve and vacuum pump, and assorted different gas is got rid of; Source of the gas supplying step, for closing vacuum pump and vacuum valve, opens successively the second gas cylinder, low pressure valve and/or high-pressure valve kettle is inflated, and by the second pressure regulator valve and/or the 3rd pressure regulator valve, kettle internal pressure value is regulated; Constant temperature sample preparation step for closing the second gas cylinder, low pressure valve and/or high-pressure valve, is closed constant temperature oven when gas is penetrated in sample completely, temperature is reduced to-2 ℃ to 4 ℃; Gather kettle internal pressure numerical value simultaneously; Hydrate synthesizes determination step, for gaseous tension numerical value when kettle, keeps stablizing when constant, judges that in high-pressure reaction vessel, the hydrate in soil sample has synthesized; Sample pressurization steps, for after hydrate has synthesized, first opens the first pressurizing valve and the first atmospheric valve, closes the first reset valve and the first reset atmospheric valve; Then open the first gas cylinder, and regulate the pressure value of upper piston rod to sample effect by the first pressure regulator valve; Staight scissors are cut step, after having pressurizeed to sample, first open the second pressurizing valve and the 3rd atmospheric valve, close the second reset valve and the second reset atmospheric valve; Then by data collection station, straight shear rate is set, opens testing machine sample is carried out to straight shear test; Gas recycling step, for closing test machine, constant flow pump successively, opens the second atmospheric valve, gas reclaims valve; Promote calorstat temperature, finally by gas concentration unit, collects gas that sample decomposition of hydrate discharges the volume of gas that measurement discharges.
A kind of test unit containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength providing of the present invention, by being placed in kettle the inside of described constant temperature oven; Upper piston assembly passes kettle and contacts with shear box by pressure cap; Lower piston assembly is connected with the down cut plate of shear box through kettle; The first measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of upper piston assembly, and the two is fixedly connected with; The second measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of lower piston assembly, and the two is fixedly connected with; The 3rd measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of kettle, and the two is fixedly connected with; Gas recycling module is connected with the inner chamber of kettle; Air pressure supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of upper piston assembly; Source of the gas supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of kettle; Hydraulic pressure supply module is connected with the inner chamber of lower piston assembly; Vacuum environment generation module is connected with the inner chamber of kettle; Meanwhile, by data collection station Real-time Collection the first measuring mechanism, the second measuring mechanism, the 3rd measuring mechanism, air pressure supplying module, source of the gas supplying module, the measured data-signal of hydraulic pressure supply module; Realized in laboratory quickly and accurately simulating ocean environment situ containing the sample preparation of gas hydrate soil, and in the sample making by this device, hydrate is evenly distributed, close to occurring in nature containing gas hydrate sediment sample; Finally by this device, according to different geology operating modes, determine that pressure at right angle carries out direct shear test, thereby obtain the mechanical index such as shearing strength, modulus, strain-stress relation; Its principle meets on-the-spot hydrated in-situ thing and forms pattern and exploitation working condition, and has structure to feature simple, cheap and that practicality is wide.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skills, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
A kind of one-piece construction block diagram that contains the test unit of gas hydrate soil direct shear strength that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention; And
A kind of process flow diagram that contains the test method of gas hydrate soil direct shear strength that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Wherein, 1-kettle, 2-shear box, 3-pressure cap, 4-constant temperature oven, 5-temperature sensor, 6-gas concentration unit, 7-gas reclaims valve, 8-high-pressure valve, 9-low pressure valve, 10-constant flow pump, 11-vacuum pump, 12-vacuum valve, 13-sample, 14-signal processor, 15-PC machine, 101-upper piston, 102-lower piston, 201-upper piston rod, 202-lower piston rod, 301-the first displacement transducer, 302-second displacement sensor, 401-the first gas cylinder, 402-the second gas cylinder, 501-the first pressure regulator valve, 502-the second pressure regulator valve, 503-the 3rd pressure regulator valve, 601-the first reset valve, 602-the second reset valve, 701-the first atmospheric valve, 702-the second atmospheric valve, 703-the 3rd atmospheric valve, 801-the first pressurizing valve, 802-the second pressurizing valve, 901-the first tensimeter, 902-the second tensimeter, 110-the first pressure transducer, 111-the second pressure transducer, 112-the 3rd pressure transducer, 120-the first reset atmospheric valve, 121-the second reset atmospheric valve.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, rather than whole embodiment.Embodiment based in the present invention, the every other embodiment that those of ordinary skills obtain, belongs to the scope of protection of the invention.
Refer to Fig. 1, a kind of test unit containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength that the embodiment of the present invention provides, comprising: kettle 1; Shear box 2; Pressure cap 3; Be used to kettle that the constant temperature oven 4 of required constant processing temperature is provided, and kettle 1 is placed in the inside of constant temperature oven 4; For load the upper piston assembly of pressure at right angle to sample at experimentation, and upper piston assembly contacts with shear box 2 through kettle 1 and by pressure cap 3; For the lower piston assembly of shearing force being provided to shear box 2 at experimentation, and lower piston assembly is connected with the down cut plate of shear box 2 through kettle 1; For measure the first measuring mechanism of upper piston assembly vertical direction top offset amount at experimentation, and the first measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of upper piston assembly, and the two is fixedly connected with; For measure the second measuring mechanism of lower piston component level direction top offset amount at experimentation, and the second measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of lower piston assembly, and the two is fixedly connected with; For measure the 3rd measuring mechanism of kettle 1 inside processing temperature at experimentation, and the 3rd measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of kettle 1, and the two is fixedly connected with; For reclaiming the gas recycling module of the gas that the interior intensification decomposition water of kettle 1 compound produces, and gas recycling module is connected with the inner chamber of kettle 1; Be used to motion in upper piston assembly vertical direction that the air pressure supplying module of air pressure is provided, and air pressure supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of upper piston assembly; Be used to the inner chamber of kettle 1 that the source of the gas supplying module of source of the gas is provided, and source of the gas supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of kettle 1; Be used to lower piston component level direction uniform motion that the hydraulic pressure supply module of hydraulic pressure is provided, and hydraulic pressure supply module is connected with the inner chamber of lower piston assembly; Be used to the vacuum environment generation module of the inner chamber manufacture vacuum environment of kettle 1, and vacuum environment generation module is connected with the inner chamber of kettle 1; And, for the data collection station of the measured data-signal of Real-time Collection the first measuring mechanism, the second measuring mechanism, the 3rd measuring mechanism, air pressure supplying module, source of the gas supplying module, hydraulic pressure supply module.
Particularly, the first measuring mechanism, the second measuring mechanism, the 3rd measuring mechanism, air pressure supplying module, source of the gas supplying module and hydraulic pressure supply the module respectively mode by wired connection or wireless connections are connected with data collection station and carry out signal transmission, preferably, data collection station comprises PC 15 and signal processor 14; ; the first measuring mechanism, the second measuring mechanism, the 3rd measuring mechanism, air pressure supplying module, source of the gas supplying module and hydraulic pressure supply module are connected with signal processor 14 by the mode of wired connection or wireless connections respectively, and signal processor 14 is connected with PC 15.
In the present embodiment, preferred, upper piston assembly comprises: upper piston 101 and upper piston rod 201.Wherein, upper piston rod 201 also contacts with shear box 2 by pressure cap 3 through the top of upper piston 101, kettle 1 successively; Meanwhile, the first measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of upper piston 101; Air pressure supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of upper piston 101.In process of the test, upper piston rod 201 is specifically for loading corresponding pressure at right angle to sample 13.
In the present embodiment, preferred, lower piston assembly comprises: lower piston 102 and lower piston rod 202.Wherein, lower piston rod 202 is connected through lower piston 102, the sidepiece of kettle 1 and the down cut plate of shear box 2 successively; Meanwhile, the second measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of lower piston 102; Hydraulic pressure supply module is connected with the inner chamber of lower piston 102.In process of the test, lower piston rod 202 is specifically for providing shearing force for shear box 2.
In the present embodiment, preferably, the first measuring mechanism can be the first displacement transducer 301, specifically for measuring the displacement of upper piston rod 101 in the vertical directions, and the first displacement transducer 301 can be connected and carry out signal transmission with data collection station (signal processor 14) by the connected mode of wired connection or wireless connections; The second measuring mechanism can be second displacement sensor 302, specifically for measuring the displacement in lower piston rod 102 horizontal directions, and second displacement sensor 302 can be connected and carry out signal transmission with data collection station (signal processor 14) by the connected mode of wired connection or wireless connections; The 3rd measuring mechanism can be temperature sensor 5, and specifically for measuring the temperature (temperature of functional response sample) of kettle 1 inside, and temperature sensor 5 is connected and carries out signal transmission with data collection station (signal processor 14).
In the present embodiment, preferred, gas recycling module comprises: gas concentration unit 6 and gas reclaim valve 7; Wherein, gas concentration unit 6 reclaims valve 7 by gas and is connected with the inner chamber of kettle 1; After this module is mainly used in having tested, the gas producing by 6 pairs of intensification decomposition water compounds of gas concentration unit reclaims; The recovery principle of gas concentration unit 6 has been prior art, repeats no more herein.
In the present embodiment, preferably, air pressure supplying module comprises: the first gas cylinder 401, the first pressure regulator valve 501, the first reset valve 601, the first atmospheric valve 701, the first pressurizing valve 801, the first tensimeter 901, the first pressure transducer 110 and the first reset atmospheric valve 120; Wherein, the first gas cylinder 401 is connected with the inner chamber of upper piston 101 by the first pressure regulator valve 501, the first reset valve 601, the first atmospheric valve 701, the first pressurizing valve 801, the first tensimeter 901, the first pressure transducer 110 and the first reset atmospheric valve 120; Meanwhile, the first pressure transducer 110 is connected with data collection station, for measuring the chamber pressure of upper piston 101 and measurement numerical value being transferred to data collection station; The first gas cylinder 401 can be upper piston rod 201 movement in vertical direction air pressure is provided.
Particularly, the first gas cylinder 401 is connected with the first variable valve 501; The first pressure regulator valve 501 is connected with the inner chamber of upper piston 101 by the first reset valve 601, the first atmospheric valve 701 successively; Meanwhile, the first pressure regulator valve 501 is also connected with the inner chamber of upper piston 101 by the first pressurizing valve 801, the first tensimeter 901, the first pressure transducer 110 and the first reset atmospheric valve 120 successively.
In the present embodiment, preferred, source of the gas supplying module comprises: the second gas cylinder 402, the second pressure regulator valve 502, the 3rd pressure regulator valve 503, high-pressure valve 8, low pressure valve 9, the second tensimeter 902, the second pressure transducer 111 and the second atmospheric valve 702; Wherein, the second gas cylinder 402 is connected with the inner chamber of kettle 1 by the second pressure regulator valve 402, the 3rd pressure regulator valve 503, high-pressure valve 8, low pressure valve 9, the second tensimeter 902, the second pressure transducer 111 and the second atmospheric valve 702; Meanwhile, the second atmospheric valve 702 is arranged on kettle 1; And the second pressure transducer 111 is connected with described data collection station, for measuring the chamber pressure of lower piston 102 and measurement numerical value being transferred to data collection station; The second gas cylinder 402 can be kettle 1 inner chamber source of the gas is provided.
Particularly, the second gas cylinder 402 is connected with the second pressure regulator valve 502, the 3rd pressure regulator valve 503 respectively; The second pressure regulator valve 502 is connected with the inner chamber of kettle 1 by high-pressure valve 8, the second tensimeter 902, the second pressure transducer 111 and the second atmospheric valve 702 successively; The 3rd pressure regulator valve 503 is connected with the inner chamber of kettle 1 by low pressure valve 9, the second tensimeter 902, the second pressure transducer 111 and the second atmospheric valve 702 successively.
In the present embodiment, preferred, hydraulic pressure supply module comprises: constant flow pump 10, the second pressurizing valve 802, the second reset atmospheric valve 121, the 3rd pressure transducer 112, the second reset valve 602 and the 3rd atmospheric valve 703; Wherein, constant flow pump 10 is connected with the inner chamber of lower piston 102 by the second pressurizing valve 802, the second reset atmospheric valve 121, the 3rd pressure transducer 112, the second reset valve 602 and the 3rd atmospheric valve 703; Meanwhile, the 3rd pressure transducer 112, constant flow pump 10 are connected with data collection station respectively.In process of the test, constant flow pump 10 is specifically for providing hydraulic pressure for lower piston rod 202 horizontal direction uniform motion.
Particularly, constant flow pump 10 is connected with the inner chamber of lower piston 102 by the second pressurizing valve 802, the second reset atmospheric valve 121, the 3rd pressure transducer 112 successively; Constant flow pump 10 is connected with the inner chamber of lower piston 102 by the second reset valve 602, the 3rd atmospheric valve 703 successively.
In the present embodiment, preferred, vacuum environment generation module comprises: vacuum pump 11 and vacuum valve 12.Wherein, vacuum pump 11 is connected with the inner chamber of kettle 1 by vacuum valve 12.In process of the test, vacuum pump 11 can be embodied as kettle 1 content and manufacture vacuum environment.
In the present embodiment, the reset valve of setting forth, atmospheric valve and reset atmospheric valve all can be equal to replacement by having the valve of switching gas/liquid transfer function.
A kind of test unit containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength providing with the embodiment of the present invention is corresponding, and the embodiment of the present invention also provides a kind of test method containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength, refers to Fig. 2, and the method comprises the steps:
Step 1000: sample becomes sample step, for setting sample density, and adopts lifting jack to be compression molded into sample or adopts layering in shear box to hit real one-tenth sample; Wherein, specimen finish can be set as 61.8mm, and height can be set as 20mm; And the setting of sample density can be simulated sea bottom gas hydrate resistant strata soil density 1.5～2.5g/cm
3, water percentage 2%～40%;
Step 2000: sample installation steps, for sample 13 is positioned over to shear box 2, and seal kettle 1; Concrete operations are positioned over the sample of moulding 13 in shear box 2, and on sample 13, place a pad, then install pressure cap 3 after kettle lid can being opened, and kettle is covered, and good seal kettle 1 is finally installed; Wherein, pad and pressure cap 3 all have pore, are convenient to gas and enter in sample 13;
Step 3000: vacuum generates step, for first opening vacuum valve 12, then closes successively the second atmospheric valve 702, low pressure valve 9, high-pressure valve 8 and vacuum pump 11, gets rid of (kettle 1 and part pipeline are vacuumized) to assorted different gas;
Step 4000: source of the gas supplying step, after being used for having bled, close vacuum pump 11 and vacuum valve 12, open successively the second gas cylinder 402, low pressure valve 9 and/or 1 inflation of 8 pairs of kettlies of high-pressure valve, and be adjusted to required pressure value (when required pressure is greater than 2Mpa by the second pressure regulator valve 502 and/or 503 pairs of kettlies of the 3rd pressure regulator valve, 1 internal pressure value, open kettle high-pressure valve 8, otherwise, open kettle low pressure valve 9);
Step 5000: constant temperature sample preparation step, for after inflation is complete, close the second gas cylinder 402, low pressure valve 9 and/or high-pressure valve 8, when being penetrated in sample 13 completely, gas closes constant temperature oven 4, temperature is reduced to-2 ℃ to 4 ℃; Meanwhile, log-on data acquisition terminal gathers data;
Step 6000: hydrate synthesizes determination step, keeps stablizing when constant for gaseous tension when kettle 1, judges that in shear box 2, soil sample hydrate has synthesized; Wherein, judge that temperature is generally-2～4 ℃ under corresponding temperature, pressure condition, pressure carbon dioxide is generally 2～3Mpa, and methane is generally 3～6Mpa;
Step 7000: sample pressurization steps, for after hydrate has synthesized, first open the first pressurizing valve 801 and the first atmospheric valve 701, close the first reset valve 601 and the first reset atmospheric valve 120; Then open the first gas cylinder 401, and by the first pressure regulator valve 501, regulate the pressure value (this pressure value can be adjusted to required numerical value) of 101 pairs of sample effects of upper piston rod;
Step 8000: staight scissors are cut step, after having pressurizeed to sample 13, first opens the second pressurizing valve 801 and the 3rd atmospheric valve 703, closes the second reset valve 602 and the second reset atmospheric valve 121; Then by data collection station, straight shear rate is set, opens testing machine sample 13 is carried out to straight shear test;
Step 9000: gas recycling step, for closing test machine, constant flow pump 10, high-pressure valve 8, low pressure valve 9 and vacuum pump 11 successively, open the second atmospheric valve 702, gas reclaims valve 7; Promote constant temperature oven 4 temperature (25 ℃ of reference temperatures), realize the decomposition of hydrate (decomposable process of hydrate generally continues 24 hours) of sample, and then the gas discharging by gas concentration unit 6 collection sample decomposition of hydrate the volume of measuring discharge gas.
Finally, the measurement data gathering according to data collection station of the present invention (PC 15 and signal processor 14) and by the measured gas volume of gas concentration unit 7, by theory, calculate and obtain hydrate correlation parameter (mechanical index such as hydrate concentration, shearing strength, modulus, strain-stress relation), the calculating of carrying out hydrate correlation parameter on the basis of measurement data that this test unit and method gather has been prior art, repeats no more herein.
A kind of test unit and test method thereof containing gas hydrate soil direct shear strength provided by the invention, realized the test containing carrying out staight scissors shearing stress after the laboratory sample preparation of gas hydrate soil, according to the soil sample of different water cut, apply gas and the temperature of the Temperature-pressure Conditions that meets hydrate formation, form containing gas hydrate soil sample, water percentage by different soil samples is controlled hydrate concentration, test the shearing strength that contains gas hydrate soil under different hydrate concentrations, research, containing the mechanical characteristic of hydrate soil, specifically comprises:
First, by gas is slowly penetrated in the moisture soil sample in low temperature and certain pressure in autoclave, make to be combined with water and to form gas hydrate and be filled in soil sample hole at certain gaseous tension and gas soluble in water under temperature conditions, generate containing only having aqueous water and solid-state hydrate existence in gas hydrate soil sample hole, and there is no free gas, realized in laboratory quick, simulating ocean environment situ is containing the sample preparation of gas hydrate soil exactly, and in the sample making, hydrate is evenly distributed, close to occurring in nature, contain gas hydrate soil sample,
Then, according to different geology operating modes, determine that pressure at right angle carries out direct shear test, thereby obtain the mechanical index such as shearing strength, modulus, strain-stress relation; Its principle meets on-the-spot hydrated in-situ thing and forms pattern and exploitation working condition, and has structure to feature simple, cheap and that practicality is wide.
It should be noted last that, above embodiment is only unrestricted in order to technical scheme of the present invention to be described, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to example, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that, can modify or be equal to replacement technical scheme of the present invention, and not departing from the spirit and scope of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of claim scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. containing a test unit for gas hydrate soil direct shear strength, it is characterized in that, comprising: kettle; Shear box; Pressure cap; And
Constant temperature oven, is used to described kettle that constant processing temperature is provided; Described kettle is placed in the inside of described constant temperature oven;
Upper piston assembly, for loading pressure at right angle at experimentation to sample, described upper piston assembly passes described kettle and contacts with described shear box by described pressure cap; Lower piston assembly, for shearing force being provided to described shear box at experimentation, described lower piston assembly is connected with the down cut plate of described shear box through described kettle;
The first measuring mechanism, for measuring the displacement on described upper piston assembly vertical direction; Described the first measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described upper piston assembly, and the two is fixedly connected with; The second measuring mechanism, for measuring the displacement in described lower piston component level direction; Described the second measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described lower piston assembly, and the two is fixedly connected with; The 3rd measuring mechanism, for measuring the processing temperature of described kettle inside; Described the 3rd measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described kettle, and the two is fixedly connected with;
Gas recycling module, the gas producing for reclaiming the decomposition water compound that heats up in described kettle; Described gas recycling module is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle; Air pressure supplying module, is used to the motion in described upper piston assembly vertical direction that air pressure is provided; Described air pressure supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of described upper piston assembly; Source of the gas supplying module, is used to the inner chamber of described kettle that source of the gas is provided; Described source of the gas supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle; Hydraulic pressure supply module, is used to described lower piston component level direction uniform motion that hydraulic pressure is provided; Described hydraulic pressure supply module is connected with the inner chamber of described lower piston assembly; Vacuum environment generation module, is used to the inner chamber of described kettle to manufacture vacuum environment; Described vacuum environment generation module is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle;
Data collection station, for the first measuring mechanism, described the second measuring mechanism, described the 3rd measuring mechanism, described air pressure supplying module, described source of the gas supplying module, the measured data-signal of described hydraulic pressure supply module described in Real-time Collection.
2. device according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described upper piston assembly comprises:
Upper piston and upper piston rod;
Described upper piston rod passes successively the top of described upper piston, described kettle and contacts with described shear box by described pressure cap;
Described the first measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described upper piston; Described air pressure supplying module is connected with the inner chamber of described upper piston.
3. device according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described lower piston assembly comprises:
Lower piston and lower piston rod;
Described lower piston rod is connected through described lower piston, the sidepiece of described kettle and the down cut plate of described shear box successively;
Described the second measuring mechanism is arranged on the sidepiece of described lower piston; Described hydraulic pressure supply module is connected with the inner chamber of described lower piston.
4. device according to claim 3, is characterized in that:
Described the first measuring mechanism is the first displacement transducer, and described the first displacement transducer is connected with described data collection station;
And/or,
Described the second measuring mechanism is second displacement sensor, and described second displacement sensor is connected with described data collection station;
And/or,
Described the 3rd measuring mechanism is temperature sensor, and described temperature sensor is connected with described data collection station.
5. device according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described gas recycling module comprises:
Gas concentration unit and gas reclaim valve;
Described gas concentration unit reclaims valve by described gas and is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle.
6. device according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described air pressure supplying module comprises:
The first gas cylinder, the first pressure regulator valve, the first reset valve, the first atmospheric valve, the first pressurizing valve, the first tensimeter, the first pressure transducer and the first reset atmospheric valve;
Described the first gas cylinder is connected with described the first variable valve; Described the first pressure regulator valve is connected with the inner chamber of described upper piston by described the first reset valve, described the first atmospheric valve successively; Described the first pressure regulator valve is connected with the inner chamber of described upper piston by described the first pressurizing valve, described the first tensimeter, described the first pressure transducer and described the first reset atmospheric valve successively;
Described the first pressure transducer is connected with described data collection station, for measuring the chamber pressure of described upper piston.
7. device according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described source of the gas supplying module comprises:
The second gas cylinder, the second pressure regulator valve, the 3rd pressure regulator valve, high-pressure valve, low pressure valve, the second tensimeter, the second pressure transducer and the second atmospheric valve;
Described the second gas cylinder is connected with described the second pressure regulator valve, described the 3rd pressure regulator valve respectively; Described the second pressure regulator valve is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle by described high-pressure valve, described the second tensimeter, described the second pressure transducer and the second atmospheric valve successively; Described the 3rd pressure regulator valve is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle by described low pressure valve, described the second tensimeter, described the second pressure transducer and described the second atmospheric valve successively;
Described the second atmospheric valve is arranged on described kettle; Described the second pressure transducer is connected with described data collection station, for measuring the chamber pressure of described lower piston.
8. device according to claim 7, is characterized in that, described hydraulic pressure supply module comprises:
Constant flow pump, the second pressurizing valve, the second reset atmospheric valve, the 3rd pressure transducer, the second reset valve and the 3rd atmospheric valve;
Described constant flow pump is connected with the inner chamber of described lower piston by described the second pressurizing valve, described the second reset atmospheric valve, described the 3rd pressure transducer successively; Described constant flow pump is connected with the inner chamber of described lower piston by described the second reset valve, described the 3rd atmospheric valve successively;
Described the 3rd pressure transducer, described constant flow pump are connected with described data collection station respectively.
9. device according to claim 8, is characterized in that, described vacuum environment generation module comprises:
Vacuum pump and vacuum valve;
Described vacuum pump is connected with the inner chamber of described kettle by described vacuum valve.
10. containing a test method for gas hydrate soil direct shear strength, based on device claimed in claim 9, it is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
Sample becomes sample step, for setting sample density, and adopts lifting jack to be compression molded into sample or adopts layering in shear box to hit real one-tenth sample;
Sample installation steps, for sample is positioned over to shear box, and seal kettle;
Vacuum generates step, for opening vacuum valve, closes successively the second atmospheric valve, low pressure valve, high-pressure valve and vacuum pump, and assorted different gas is got rid of;
Source of the gas supplying step, for closing vacuum pump and vacuum valve, opens successively the second gas cylinder, low pressure valve and/or high-pressure valve kettle is inflated, and by the second pressure regulator valve and/or the 3rd pressure regulator valve, kettle internal pressure value is regulated;
Constant temperature sample preparation step for closing the second gas cylinder, low pressure valve and/or high-pressure valve, is closed constant temperature oven when gas is penetrated in sample completely, temperature is reduced to-2 ℃ to 4 ℃; Gather kettle internal pressure numerical value simultaneously;
Hydrate synthesizes determination step, for gaseous tension numerical value when kettle, keeps stablizing when constant, judges that in high-pressure reaction vessel, the hydrate in soil sample has synthesized;
Sample pressurization steps, for after hydrate has synthesized, first opens the first pressurizing valve and the first atmospheric valve, closes the first reset valve and the first reset atmospheric valve; Then open the first gas cylinder, and regulate the pressure value of upper piston rod to sample effect by the first pressure regulator valve;
Staight scissors are cut step, after having pressurizeed to sample, first open the second pressurizing valve and the 3rd atmospheric valve, close the second reset valve and the second reset atmospheric valve; Then by data collection station, straight shear rate is set, opens testing machine sample is carried out to straight shear test;
Gas recycling step, for closing test machine, constant flow pump successively, opens the second atmospheric valve, gas reclaims valve; Promote calorstat temperature, finally by gas concentration unit, collects gas that sample decomposition of hydrate discharges the volume of gas that measurement discharges.
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| CN106092772B (en) * | 2016-06-07 | 2018-11-09 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of gas hydrates core sample pressurize transfer type three-axis mounting and method |
| CN106290005A (en) * | 2016-07-28 | 2017-01-04 | 上海市城市建设设计研究总院 | The strain direct shear apparatus such as the tetrad of air pressure-loading |
| CN109613112A (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2019-04-12 | 江苏联友科研仪器有限公司 | A kind of online coring test macro of hydrate deposit |
| CN109613112B (en) * | 2018-04-08 | 2022-03-04 | 江苏联友科研仪器有限公司 | Online coring test system for hydrate sedimentary layer |
| CN109827829A (en) * | 2019-04-09 | 2019-05-31 | 大连理工大学 | A kind of preparation of cycle type hydrate sediment sample and dynamic characteristic test apparatus |
| CN112748011A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2021-05-04 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Device and method for testing mechanical characteristics of contact surface of marine energy soil containing natural gas hydrate and structure |
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Application publication date: 20140305 |